TI LIU THC TP VI SINH

---------------------
PHN TM TT L THUYT-THC HNH
KHNG SINH
1. Khng sinh : l th nghim nhy ca KS trong phng th nghim
- !-t"st
- Kir#y-$a%"r
- &ha lo'ng trong (ng nghim
).*g%y+n t,c ca ph-.ng php Kir#y-$a%"r: t/m KS 0o 1a gi2y 03i nng thch h4p s5 6h%7ch tn ra
m8t thch ch%ng 9%anh: ng;n c<n s= pht tri>n ca ?K.
@. &h-.ng php Kir#y-$a%"r:
- A%:
B &h-.ng php ny CD lm
B Eng CFng trong ?S lGm sng
B HIng 1 lJc pht hin -4c nhiK% loi KS
- *h-4c:
B HhL Mnh tnh
N. O8c i>m 1a KS Pgi2yQ:
- O-Rng 6nh Smm
- O-4c #<o 9%<n trong cc (ng chTa ch2t #<o 9%<n PhJt /mQ U t V -N
W
H
- Khi ch%/n #M CIng thX > U t Y )-Z
W
H
[. \]i tr-Rng lm KS PKir#y-$a%"rQ: \^_ P\%ll"r ^inton _garQ
S. Kch th-3c m`m c2y PKir#y-$a%"rQ: 1W
Z
Habcml
d. O Fc ch%/n: W.[ \c aalanC P\caQ Pho8c so Fc 03i CC $aSe
N
.)^
)
eQ
Z. fhRi gian 6hi lm KS : 1Z-)N
h
c@d
W
H
g. *hXn 1a KS hc 67t 9%<:
- Hi 0ng 0] 6h%/n : ?K nhy 03i KS: o -Rng 6nh 0 C=a 0o #<ng
B *hy
B fr%ng gian
B Khng
- Kh]ng ci 0ng 0] 6h%/n: ?K 6hng KS.
1W. f+n ph-.ng php 6h%7ch tn tr+n 1a thch: Kir#y-$a%"r
11. j-% k 6hi hc KS th"o ph-.ng php Kir#y-$a%"r:
- ?K mhc st 1a gi2y: 6h]ng ci 0ng 0] 6h%/n: 6hng
- *7% ci ) 0ng 0] 6h%/n: hc th"o 0ng trong Ptrl tr-Rng h4p sC KS S%lmonamiC 0 ?K c2y l
ProteusQ
- Hi 0ng 0] 6h%/n: o -Rng 6nh so 03i #<ng *HHjS 0 67t l%nn.
o j-% k 0ng 0] 6h%/n:
- ?ng 0] 6h%/n trong 0,t: ppp
- ?ng 0] 6h%/n Fc: K 6hng ri ppp
1). &h-.ng php pha lo'ng li+n ti7p:
- A%: OMnh l-4ng P\qHQ
- *h-4c: t(n c]ng: t(n thRi gian: chL lm -4c 1 loi KS.
1@. \]i tr-Rng th=c hin KS th"o ph-.ng php pha lo'ng li+n ti7p: *$ P*%tri"nt $roth: m]i tr-Rng
Cinh C-rng lsngQ.
1N. OiK% 6in hc Kt KS th"o ph-.ng php pha lo'ng li+n ti7p:
- ung 1 ph<i trong
- ung 1W ph<i Fc
- O trong gi<m C`n tl (ng 1 v 1W
- O Fc t;ng C`n tl (ng 1 v 1W
1[. KS th"o ph-.ng php !-t"st:
- A%: Mnh tnh 0 Mnh l-4ng
- *h-4c: ,t tiKn.
VI KHUN NG RUT
- Hi @ m]i tr-Rng phGn lnp: \H P\ac Hon6"yQ: SS PShig"lla: Salmon"llaQ: !\$ P!osin \"thyl"n $l%"Q
1. jk th%y7t: tnh ch2t tr=c 6h%/n -Rng r%t:
- wrP-Q: hi7% 6hc6M 6h tIy nghi
- Oa s( Ci ng P1 s( 6h]ng Ci ng nh- Shigella: KlebsiellaQ
- wl%PBQ PwasPxQQ
- Kh *itrat" v *itrit"
- eyiCas" P-Q
- jacPxQ
). fh=c hnh:
o Hho 1a p"tri chTa m]i tr-Rng phGn lnp:
- \H P\ac Hon6"yQ: hng
B ff: B \2y loi 6hJm 0i 6h%/np
B jacPBQ: hng cnh s"n
B jacP-Q: tr,ng trongcFc: 0ng
B jf: B Hh2t chL thM: s tr%ng tnh
B Hh2t Tc ch7: m%(i mnt: crystal 0iol"t
B jactos"
- !\$ P!osin \"thyl"n $l%"Q: tm
B ff: B S( loi 6hJm
B jacPBQ: tm than
B jacP-Q: trong
B znh 6im PBQ: E.coli
B jf: B Hh2t chL thM: Tc ch7: !osin: \"thyl"n $l%"
B jactos"
- SS PShig"lla: Salmon"llaQ: 0ng
B ff: B S( loi 6hJm
B jacPBQ: s: hng
B jacP-Q: trong
B ^
)
SPBQ: ch2m "n U gi{a
B jf: B Hh2t chL thM: s tr%ng tnh
B Hh2t Tc ch7: \%(i mnt: $rilliant gr""n.
B jactos".
o fh nghim hia sinh:
- \]i tr-Rng fSq: Kq_ PKlig"r qron _garQ: ci thch Tng 0 thch nghi+ngc s dng kim cy.
wl%PBQ: jacPBQ wl%PBQ: jacP-Q wl%PBQ: ^
)
SPBQ wl%PBQ: wasPBQ Hh%/n
Pseudomonas
B |i+ng m]i tr-Rng fSq Pfripl" S%g"r qronQ ci th+m -Rng S%cros": giJp tXm ra nh{ng ?K l+n
m"n jactos" chnm PnhiK% ngyQ
- \]i tr-Rng Sq\ PS%lmiC" qnCol" \otilityQ: #n lsng: 6h<o st s= Ci ng: sinh ^
)
S 0 sinh qnCol" c s
dng kim cy.
\otPBQ \otP-Q qnCPBQ qnCP-Q ^
)
SPBQ
fhch nghi+ng PjQ
fhch Tng PwQ
ung nghim Fc Kh]ng Fc (ng
nghim PFc th"o
-Rng c2yQ
Sa% 6hi nhs ff
Ko0ac}s
PBQ s
Sa% 6hi nhs ff
Ko0ac}s
P-Q 0n
^
)
SPBQ m% "n
Pton (ng nghim
v \otPBQQ
B qnCol": 6h<o st s= sinh m"n fryptophanas".
fryptophan" qnCol" B &yr%0ic aciC B _mmonia
qnCol" B p-Cim"thylamino#"n~alC"hyC" PKo0ac}sQ v im"thylammoni%m PsQ
- \]i tr-Rng Hitrat" PSoCi%m citrat" B _garQ: thch nghi+ng c s dng vng cy.
HitPBQ HitP-Q
\]i tr-Rng m% yanh
#l%"
\]i tr-Rng m% yanh
l cGy
B fh nghim 6h< n;ng s CFng -4c car#on tl m%(i citrat" ca ?K
B Hh2 chL thM: $romothymol $l%".
- \]i tr-Rng \|-?& P\"thyl |"C ?og"s &ros6a%"rQ: m]i tr-Rng lsng c s dng vng cy.
B fh nghim \"thyl |"C: pht hin ?K l+n m"n wl%cos" mnh.
B Sa% i cho *ae^ NW > tr%ng ha aciC.
B fh nghim ?og"s &ros6a%"r: pht hin ?K s CFng -Rng wl%cos" th"o h-3ng 6hc. Ps CFng
th%(c th -naptholQ
\|PBQ \|P-Q ?&PBQ ?&P-Q
^ng
?ng
H ph+cs *G% C.cnG% 2t
- \]i tr-Rng St%art}s br"a $roth: lsng c s dng vng cy.
B Hh2t chL thM: s ph"nol
B c Mnh ?K ci s<n y%2t m"n br"as" 6h]ng.
p^ S:Zc br"P-Q - 0ng Hh%/n p^ Z:1c br"PBQ - s cnh s"n
CU KHUN GRAM DNG
Staphylococci
PfF c`% 6h%/nQ
Streptococci
Pji+n c`% 6h%/nQ
Pneumococcus
P&h7 c`% 6h%/nQ
- ^Xnh c`%: y7p thnh chIm.
- \]i tr-Rng \S_ chTa d:[ *aHl
chL cho Staphylococci mhc.
- ^Xnh #`% CFc: y7p thnh
ch%i.
- HhL mhc tr+n cc m]i
tr-Rng gi% Cinh C-rng
Pthch m%-$_: thch nG%-
H_Q.
- ^Xnh mi gio: nghn n7n
y7p thnh ]i.
- fan trong m%(i mnt.
- f"st nhy c<m 03i eptochin
v phGn #it ph7 c`% 03i li+n
c`%.
Hoag%las"PBQ Hoag%las"P-Q
\S_
\annitolPBQ v
0ng
Hoag%las"PBQ
v S.aureus
\S_
\annitolP-Q
Hoag%las"P-Q
v S.epidermidis
S.saprophyticus
fF c`% 0ng ti7t ^"molysin v tan
h%y7t
fi7t Str"ptolysin v ti+% hy7t
Hatalas"PBQ li+n c`%: ph7 c`% Hatalas"P-Q Hatalas"P-Q
1. fh nghim Hatalas": phGn #it Staphylococci PBQ 03i Streptococci P-Q.
). fh nghim Hoag%las": phGn #it Staphylococcus aureus 03i Staphylococci 6hc.
- fr+n lam: tXm Hoag%las" li+n 67t.
- fr+n (ng nghim: tXm Hoag%las" t= Co.
- K7t 9%<: B Hoag%las"PBQ: lm ]ng 8c h%y7t t-.ng v S.aureus.
B Hoag%las"P-Q: 6h]ng lm ]ng 8c h%y7t t-.ng.
@. fh nghim l+n m"n -Rng \annitol: Staphylococci aureus l+n m"n \annitol: sinh aciC lm i m%
chL thM s ph"nol tl s sang 0ng.
- ung \S_ tl s sang 0ng: \annitolPBQ.
- ung \S_ 0n gi{ m%: \annitolP-Q.
N. fh nghim ^"molysin: Staphylococcus aureus sinh ^"molysin ly gi<i hng c`%.
- fi+% h%y7t PBQ: y%ng 9%anh 6hJm ?K y%2t hin 0ng sng ti+% h%y7t.
[. fh nghim 6hng *o0o#iocin: S.saprophyticus ci 6h< n;ng K 6hng *o0o#iocin.
- O-Rng 6nh 0ng 0] 6h%/n 1Smm: Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
- O-Rng 6nh 0ng 0] 6h%/n 1Smm: Staphylococci Hoag%las"P-Q 6hc.
S. fayo _: th nghim nhy c<m 03i $acitracin
- Ing > phGn #it Streptococcus ti+% h%y7t nhim _.
- K7t 9%<: - Hi 0ng 0] 6h%/n v Streptococcus ti+% h%y7t nhim _.
- Kh]ng ci 0ng 0] 6h%/n v fayo _P-Q
d. fh nghim H_\&:
- Streptococci nhim ti7t y7% t( H_\& ci tc CFng hip ng tan h%y7t 03i -h"molysin ca
S.aureus.
Z. fayo &: th nghim nhy c<m 03i eptochin.
- Ing > phGn #it Pneumococcus.
- K7t 9%<: - O-Rng 6nh 0ng 0] 6h%/n 1Nmm: Pneumococcus
- O-Rng 6nh 0ng 0] 6h%/n 1Nmm: CIng th nghim tan trong m%(i mnt P$il"
!sc%linQ.
CU KHUN GRAM M N!"##!$"%&
- Song c`% wrP-Q Tng thnh ]i ci ) m8t lm 9%ay 0o nha%.
- Hi ) loi th-Rng gGy #nh cho ng-Ri: N.meningitidis Penigococcus-mng n'o c`%Q 0 N.gonorrhoae
P!onococcus-ln% c`%Q.
- fh nghim l+n m"n -Rng nhanh: Mnh Canh
B \altos"PBQ: enigococcus.
B \altos"P-Q: !onococcus.
' THI THC TP ( THAM KH)*
f|\ 1:
- Ohc 67t 9%< th nghim \annitolc\S_ PsQ
B \]i tr-Rng \S_: ch2t chL thM: s ph"nol
B @[
W
Hc1Z-)N
h
B Hi ?K mhc hay 6h]ngp
B K7t 9%<: B ?ng: \annitolPBQ
B Os: \annitolP-Q
f|\ ):
- Ohc th nghim Hoag%las"ch%y7t t-.ng P0ngQ
B \]i tr-Rng h%y7t t-.ng.
B fh nghim phGn #it Staphylococcus aureus 0 cc loi Staphylococci 6hc.
B K7t 9%<: B ^%y7t t-.ng ]ng 0in: l4n c4n: Hoag%las"PBQ
B ^%y7t t-.ng lsng: Hoag%las"P-Q
B HhJ k: 9%an st Kt trong 1Ws `%.
f|\ @:
- fh nghim ti+% h%y7t P^"molysinQcthch m%.
B \]i tr-Rng P$_: $looC _garQ
B Hi ?K mhc hay 6h]ngp
B K7t 9%<: B Hi 0ng sng 9%anh 6hJm ?K: PBQ
B Kh]ng ci 0ng sng: P-Q
f|\ N:
- fh nghim 6hng *o0o#iocincthch nG% PH_Q.
B @[
W
Hc1Z-)N
h
B Khng P-Q: C 0ng 0] 6h%/n V 1Smm: Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
B *hy c<m PBQ: C 0ng 0] 6h%/n 1Smm: Staphylococcus aureus ho8c cc Staphylococci
Hoag%las"P-Q 6hc.
f|\ [:
- fh nghim nhy c<m $acitracin Pfayo _Q.
B Khng Pfayo _P-QQ: 6h]ng ci 0ng 0] 6h%/n.
B *hy Pfayo _PBQQ: ci 0ng 0] 6h%/n: Streptococcus ti+% h%y7t nhim _.
f|\ S:
- fh nghim nhy c<m eptochin Pfayo &Q.
B Ing > phGn #it Pneumococcus 0 cc Streptococci ti+% h%y7t 6hc PStreptococcus
viridansQ.
B Khng Pfayo &P-QQ: -Rng 6nh 0ng 0] 6h%/n 1Nmm: lm th+m th nghim tan trong m%(i
mnt P$il" !sc%linQ > yc Mnh Pneumococcus.
B *hy Pfayo &PBQQ: -Rng 6nh 0ng 0] 6h%/n 1Nmm: Pneumococcus.
f|\ d:
- Ohc 67t 9%< 6hng sinh tr+n 1a thch PKir#y $a%"rQ:
B Hi 0ng 0] 6h%/n v o -Rng 6nh PmmQ v nhy c<mctr%ng gianc6hng
B Kh]ng ci 0ng 0] 6h%/n v 6hng
f|\ Z:
- Ohc ph7t ?K nh%m wram tr+n K^?:
B \% s: wrP-Q c \% tm: wrPBQ
B ^Xnh c`%: c`% 6h%/n c ^Xnh 9%": tr=c 6h%/n.
B Kt: c`%ctr=c 6h%/n wrPxQ: s,p y7p: r<i rc: ch%i: ]i: chIm Pc`% 6h%/nQ r<i rc: #i Ptr=c
6h%/nQ ph/y 6h%/n: yo,n 6h%/n Ptr=c 6h%/nQ.
f|\ g:
- Ohc Kt c2y 0ch @ chiK% y"m ci #ao nhi+% loi 6hJmp
f|\ 1W:
- Ohc 67t 9%< ph7t ?K 6hng nh%m wram
B fr< lRi ci hay 6h]ng tr=c 6h%/n 6hng aciC P_ciC aast $acilliQ:
B _a$PBQ
B _a$P-Q
f|\ 11:
- Ohc Kt m]i tr-Rng Kq_ PsQ
B \]i tr-Rng: Kq_
B wl%cos"PBQ
B jactos"PBQ: 0ng c P-Q: s
B wasPBQ: ci l 6h: thch #M /y: 0r c P-Q: 6h]ng ci 6h
B ^
)
SPBQ: "n c P-Q: 6h]ng "n
f|\ 1):
- Ohc Kt m]i tr-Rng Hitrat" Pyanh lQ
B Hitrat"PBQ: yanh C-.ng Pp^Yd:SQ
B Hitrat"P-Q: yanh l cGy Pp^YS:gQ
f|\ 1@:
- Ohc Kt m]i tr-Rng br"a Ptm s"nQ
B br"aPBQ: m8t 6h%m ch2t lsng m% tm nm.
B br"aP-Q: m8t 6h%m tm nht.
f|\ 1N:
- Ohc Kt m]i tr-Rng Sq\ P#n lsngQ:
B ^
)
SPBQ: "n c P-Q: 6h]ng "n
B i ngPBQ: Fc y%ng 9%anh -Rng c2y c P-Q: 6h]ng Fc ya -Rng c2y
B qnCol"PBQ: nhs Ko0ac}s v s c P-Q: 0ng
f|\ 1[:
- Ohc Kt c2y 0ch @ chiK% tr+n m]i tr-Rng \H:
B \]i tr-Rng: \H
B \2y loi 6hJm.
B jacPBQ: s: hng PnhXn y%ng 9%anh 6hJmQ c P-Q: tr,ng: 0ng
f|\ 1S:
- Ohc Kt m]i tr-Rng phGn lnp SS:
B \]i tr-Rng: SS
B Hi m2y loi 6hJm.
B jacPBQ: s: hng PnhXn y%ng 9%anh 6hJmQ c P-Q: tr,ng: 0ng
B ^
)
SPBQ: "n c P-Q: 6h]ng "n
f|\ 1d:
- Ohc Kt m]i tr-Rng phGn lnp !\: Pthch tm thanQ
B \]i tr-Rng: !\
B \2y loi 6hJm.
B jacPBQ: tm c P-Q: trong
B znh 6imPBQ: E.coli
CU H+I L, THU-.T
Bi 1: Dng c c bn !"#ng !"$! n"%&' ()*' n"%&' +i,"--N,,-.,n/
1. *g%y+n t,c nh%m wram:
- _lcol g[
W
s5 t/y m% ca h4p ch2t tm w"ntian qoC ca ?K wrP-Q.
). $ th%(c nh%m wram:
- fm w"ntian: j%gol: _lcol g[
W
:Os Samranin.
@. ?K wr:
- wrPBQ: ci "# l3p &"ptiCoglycan chi7m $#% 0nt li% c2% to f$.
- wrP-Q: ci &'( l3p &"ptiCoglycan chi7m $'&#% 0nt li% c2% to f$.
N. *hs C`% HCr" 9%an st U 0nt 6nh 1WW > t)ng *+ chi,t -uang.
[. fi+% c= l gX:
- j 6ho<ng cch nhXn r nh2t tl ti+% #<n 7n 0nt 6nh.
S. fi+% c= cc 0nt 6nh:
- 1W: &. mm
- NW: " mm
- 1WW: & mm
d. O phing i Y *+ ph/ng *0i th1 k2nh y *+ ph/ng *0i v3t k2nh
Z. Fng cF c. #<n trong &f* ?S gm: *4n c5n: kim cy: vng cy: 6ng nghi7m: h+p Petri.
g. fhRi gian tr< lRi 67t 9%< yt nghim ?K l 8 ngy.
1W. O8c i>m c2% to ca tr=c 6h%/n 6hng aciC:
- i: m'nh: #,t m% s
- Khng li s= yGm nhnp ca ph/m nh%m Co ci l-4ng l3n lipiC U l3p cs.
11. fr=c 6h%/n 6hng aciC chL #,t m% 03i th%(c nh%m 9arbon:uchsin.
1). $ th%(c nh%m ca ph-.ng php nh%m 6hng aciC:
- Har#onm%chsin: \"thyl"n $l%": %ng CMch aciC-alcol P^Hl @ - _lcol dW
W
Q
1@. H]ng CFng ca C%ng CMch aciC-alcol:
- f/y m% Har#onm%chsin ca f$ #i>% m]: #ch c`%.
1N. H]ng CFng ca \"thyl"n $l%":
- $,t m% yanh (i 03i f$ #i>% m]: #ch c`%.
Bi 0: P"1n -2! 3i 4"%5n/
1. *g%y+n t,c c2y 0ch @ chiK%:
- jm cn C`n m`m c2y.
). \Fc ch ca 0ic lm cn C`n m`m c2y:
- &hGn lnp ?K.
@. \]i tr-Rng c2y 0ch @ chiK%:
- *_ P*%tri"nt _garQ.
Bi 6: C"7 8i9% :;8 ng"i<' n#=c 3> ?@?/
1. Holimorm nh gi t;nh tr0ng v7 sinh chung c<a ngu5n n=>c.
). aaccal colimorm nh gi vi sinh v3t ngu5n n=>c.
@. aaccal str"ptococci l #ng chTng ngu5n n=>c nhi?m ph@n.
N. HlostriCi%m p"rmring"ns nh gi cht l=Ang kh khuBn mCu n=>c.
[. Staphylococc%s gGy tiDu chEy trong ng+ *+c thFc phBm.
Bi A: BiC' 8)* 3i .in" 4"Dng 4"E/
1. Hho #i7t cc loi ?S? mhc tr+n cc m]i tr-Rng sa%:
$_ cho t2t c< ?S? mhc @d
W
Hc[-1W He
)
c)Nh
\H cho tr=c 6h%/n wrP-Q mhc @d
W
Hc)Nh
S_ cho 0i n2m mhc @d
W
Hcd)h
). Hc m]i tr-Rng CIng > 6i>m tra 0i sinh 6h]ng 6h l:
- $_: \H: S_
@. K> t+n cc ph-.ng php 6i>m tra 0i sinh 6h]ng 6h:
- &h-.ng php l,ng #Fi Koch.
- &h-.ng php hJt #Fi #ng mng lhc w"latin.
- &h-.ng php hJt #Fi tr=c ti7p l+n m8t thch 8t trong my hJt.
N. \Fc ch 6i>m tra 0i sinh 6h]ng 6h:
- &ht hin ?S? gGy #nh 9%a -Rng h] h2p trong 6h]ng 6h.
- Onh gi tXnh trng 0 sinh cc c. sU S th=c ph/m: cc c. sU y t7.
- Onh gi hi% 9%< #in php 6h trIng U cc c. sU y t7t.
- OiK% tra tXnh trng ] nhiDm Co ?S? ci th> gGy CMch.
Bi F: B"$ng .in" GH/
1. K> t+n @ ph-.ng php lm KSO:
- &h-.ng php Kir#y-$a%"r.
- &h-.ng php pha lo'ng li+n ti7p.
- &h-.ng php !-f"st.
). K> t+n @ 0nt li% chnh > lm KSO:
- O1a KS.
- \]i tr-Rng.
- ^%yKn CMch ?K.
@. \]i tr-Rng ti+% ch%/n lm KSO #ng ph-.ng php Kir#y-$a%"r l GH.
N. O Fc \caarlanC l: W:[ Y 1W
Z
Habcml
[. \qH l n5ng *+ t6i thiIu JKgLmlM Nc ch, sF phOt triIn c<a PK -uan sOt *=Ac bQng mRy th=Sng.
Bi I: ?i 4"%5n G#Jng )%&8/
1. fnh ch2t ch%ng ca !nt"ro#act"riac"a":
- fr=c 6h%/n wrP-Q a s( Ci ng trl Shigella: Klebsiella wl%PBQ: eyiCas"P-Q.
). N loi ?K -Rng r%t gGy #nh th-Rng g8p:
- E.coli PgGy ti+% ch<yQ: !f!H: !q!H: !^!H: ?f!H
- Shigella PgGy lM tr=c trIngQ: nhim _: S.dysenteriae Pth-Rng g8p U ?*Q
nhim $: S.:leTneri Pth-Rng g8p U ?*Q
nhim H: S.boydii
nhim : S.sonnei
- Salmonella PgGy th-.ng hnQ.
- Uersinia PgGy CMch hchQ.
@. \]i tr-Rng ch%y+n chU th-Rng CIng l 9ary'Vlair.
N. K> t+n @ m]i tr-Rng phGn lnp: \H: !\$: SS.
[. K> t+n [ m]i tr-Rng sinh hia: Kq_: \|-?&: Sq\: br"a: Hitrat".
S. t%y trXnh phGn lnp !nt"ro#act"riac"a":
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1[. \]i tr-Rng Sq\ 6h<o st PK c/ sinh G
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d. \t cE *]u *^ng
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c. 1@[
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C. 1ZW
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c. _>p peptidoglycan
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N. Kch th-3c ca ?K -4c tnh #ng .n 0M:
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c. Km
C. cm
[. &h-.ng php nh%m wram cn ghi l ph-.ng php nh%m:
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b. K`p
c. *ing
C. jnh
S. &h-.ng php nh%m wram ) m% t-.ng ph<n l:
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d. \2mL*a
d. &h-.ng php nh%m 6hng aciC ci ) thnh ph`n th%(c:
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b. baLTanh
c. ?ngchng
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c. \Och rSi tcng kh^m PK riDng
C. D nhnn Cng
g. &h-.ng php nh%m 6hng aciC cn -4c ghi l ph-.ng php:
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c. diehl'Neelsen
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d. eOc *1nh trFc khuBn khOng acid