ADVENTIST MEDICAL

CENTER COLLEGE
SCHOOL OF NURSING
Elective 1: Common
Behavioral Prolem!
BSN Level IV
Tarquin B.
Tomada
6 October 20!
Common Be"a#iora$ %rob$em&
Common be"a#iora$ 'rob$em&( 'arenta$ concern& )or an in)ant
*e&cri'tion +ana,ement Rationa$e
-. T..THING t"e '"enomena
accom'an/in, t"e
,ro0t" o) teet" t"rou,"
t"e ,um&
. Gent$/ rubbin, t"e c"i$d1& ,um& 0it" a
c$ean 2n,er or "a#in, /our c"i$d bite do0n
on a c$ean 3anne$
2. U&e a bott$e 0it" a di4erent &"a'ed teat
or t"e u&e o) a cu'
5. -#oid 'ro$on,ed contact o) t"e c"i$d1&
,um& 0it" co$d ob6ect& and ne#er 'ut
)ro7en ob6ect& in t"e mout"
!. U&e o) coo$ed 3anne$&
. In)ant8& ,um& 0i$$ )ee$ better 0"en ,ent$e
're&&ure i& '$aced on t"e ,um&
2. +a/ reduce di&com)ort and im'ro#e
)eedin,
5. +a/ cau&e burn&
!. Co$d ma/ reduce in3ammation
B. THU+B9SUC:ING t"e "abit o) &uc;in, a
t"umb be/ond t"e 'eriod
o) '"/&io$o,ica$ need
. Care)u$$/ remo#e t"e c"i$d8& t"umb )rom
"i& or "er mout" durin, &$ee'
2. O4er '$ent/ o) 'rai&e 0"en t"e c"i$d ,oe&
0it"out t"umb9&uc;in, durin, an acti#it/
t"at norma$$/ 0ou$d "a#e inc$uded t"at
"abit
5. -#oid 'uttin, t"e c"i$d in &ituation& t"at
are u'&ettin, 0"i$e "e or &"e i& tr/in, to
brea; t"e t"umb9&uc;in, "abit
. T"umb9&uc;in, at ni,"t i& t"e mo&t
di<cu$t "abit to brea;= It ma/ ta;e u' to 5
mont"& be)ore /our c"i$d i& ab$e to )a$$
a&$ee' 0it"out t"umb9&uc;in,
2. *o not &"ame or 'uni&" t"e c"i$d )or
t"umb9&uc;in,= T"i& 0i$$ on$/ $o0er "i& or
"er &e$)9e&teem
5. T"e c"i$d 0i$$ $i;e$/ turn to t"umb9&uc;in,
)or com)ort= +a;e &ure t"e c"i$d ,et&
enou," &$ee' and )ood durin, t"i& time
C. US. OF %-CIFI.R a u&ua$$/ ni''$e9&"a'ed
de#ice )or babie& to &uc;
or bite on
. Bein, con&i&tent> +a;e &ure t"at a$$ ot"er
care,i#er& ?'arent&@ ,rand'arent&@
bab/&itter&A &tic; to t"e &ame '$an &o no
one ,et& con)u&ed
2. T"e be&t time )or 0eanin, )rom t"e
'aci2er i& a)ter 6 mont"& o$d
5. Start &$o0$/> Tr/ $imitin, it to na'9time or
&$ee' on$/
. T"e mot"er i& not t"e on$/ 'er&on 0"o 0i$$
&'end time 0it" t"e c"i$d durin, t"e
0eanin, 'roce&&
2. T"i& i& 0"en a bab/8& ri&; o) SI*S dro'&
5. *on1t turn 'aci2er 0eanin, into a 'o0er
&tru,,$e= U&e 'o&iti#e rein)orcement
in&tead o) ne,ati#e
*. H.-* B-NGING a )orm o) '"/&ica$
eBertion ob&er#ed durin,
&ome tem'er tantrum&
. C"en /ou notice t"e c"i$d "ead ban,in,@
di&tract "im or "er or en,a,e "im or "er in
a di4erent acti#it/
2. Tr/ to 'a/ no attention to t"e be"a#ior
5. Remo#e an/ "ard bed"ead& or &"i)t t"e
bed a0a/ )rom t"e 0a$$
. B/ decrea&in, t"e amount o) time "e or
&"e &'end& in t"i& "abitua$ acti#it/@ "e or
&"e 0i$$ out,ro0 it more quic;$/
2. C"i$dren mi,"t re'eat t"e be"a#ior e#en
more i) t"e/ &ee it1& an e4ecti#e 0a/ o)
,ettin, /our attention or ,ettin, /ou to
come into t"e bedroom ?e#en i) it i& on$/

to te$$ t"em to &to'A

5. T"i& 0i$$ "e$' &to' t"e ri&; o) brui&in,
.. SL..% %ROBL.+S ,rou' o) &/ndrome&
c"aracteri7ed b/
di&turbance in t"e
'atient8& amount o)
&$ee'@ qua$it/ or timin, o)
&$ee'@ or in be"a#ior& or
'"/&io$o,ica$ condition&
a&&ociated 0it" &$ee'
. .&tab$i&" a re,u$ar time )or bed eac" ni,"t
and do not #ar/ )rom it
2. Gi#in, t"e c"i$d a 0arm bat" or readin, a
&tor/
5. *o not ,i#e c"i$dren an/ )ood or drin;&
0it" ca4eine $e&& t"an &iB "our& be)ore
bedtime
!. In)ant& and c"i$dren &"ou$d be 'ut to bed
0"en t"e/ a''ear tired but &ti$$ a0a;e
D. %arent& &"ou$d a#oid ,ettin, into bed 0it"
a c"i$d in order to ,et t"em to &$ee'
. Simi$ar$/@ t"e 0a;in, time &"ou$d not di4er
)rom 0ee;da/ to 0ee;end b/ more t"an
one to one and a "a$) "our&
2. Create& a re$aBed bedtime routine induce&
&$ee'
5. Ca4eine boo&t& t"eir ener,/ and doe& not
ea&e t"eir &$ee' 'rob$em&
!. Rat"er t"an )a$$in, a&$ee' in t"eir 'arent8&
arm&@ or in anot"er room
D. T"e c"i$dren 0ou$d be u&ed to be &$ee'in,
around 'arent&@ and cannot &$ee' 0it"out
t"em around
F. CONSTI%-TION abnorma$$/ de$a/ed or
in)requent 'a&&a,e o) dr/
"ardened )ece&
. I) t"e in)ant i& at $ea&t )our mont"& o$d@ "e
or &"e can be ,i#en certain )ruit 6uice&=
,i#e a tota$ o) t0o to )our ounce& ?60 to
20 mLA o) 00 'ercent )ruit 6uice 'er da/
)or c"i$dren ! to E mont"& o$d
2. I) t"e in)ant "a& &tarted eatin, &o$id )ood&@
/ou can &ub&titute bar$e/ cerea$ )or rice
cerea$
5. -ddin, one9quarter tea&'oon to one
tea&'oon ?.2D to D mLA o) dar; corn
&/ru' to )our ounce& ?20 mLA o) )ormu$a
or eB're&&ed brea&t mi$;
. To treat con&ti'ation
2. Hi," 2ber )ood& "e$'& ea&e con&ti'ation
5. *ar; corn &/ru' contain& com'$eB &u,ar
'rotein& t"at ;ee' 0ater in t"e bo0e$
mo#ement
G. LOOS. STOOLS not &o$id@ 0ater/ . Ora$ re"/dration &o$ution
2. Ca&" care,i#er8& "and& 0it" 0arm 0ater
and &oa' e#er/ time t"e bab/8& dia'er i&
c"an,ed
5. +ot"er& 0"o are brea&t)eedin, mi,"t
need to ad6u&t t"eir o0n diet
. T"e&e &o$ution& contain 3uid and
e$ectro$/te& and can 're#ent or treat
de"/dration
2. To 're#ent t"e in)ection )rom &'readin,
5. Remo#in, an/ )ood& t"at cou$d tri,,er
diarr"ea in t"eir bab/
H. COLIC a condition mar;ed b/
recurrent e'i&ode& o)
'ro$on,ed and
uncontro$$ab$e cr/in, and
irritabi$it/ in an ot"er0i&e
"ea$t"/ in)ant t"at i& o)
un;no0n cau&e and
. Sit t"e bab/ u'ri,"t durin, )eedin,
2. Brea&t)eedin, mot"er& &"ou$d not drin;
too muc" tea@ co4ee and ot"er ca4eine9
containin, drin;&
5. -$0a/& bur' t"e bab/ a)ter a )eed
!. -#oid o#er &timu$atin, t"e bab/ b/
continua$$/ 'ic;in, t"em u' and 'uttin,
. To 're#ent t"em )rom &0a$$o0in, air
2. S'ic/ )ood and a$co"o$ can a,,ra#ate co$ic
5. Sit /our bab/ u'ri,"t or "o$d t"em a,ain&t
/our &"ou$der@ ma;in, &ure /ou &u''ort
t"eir nec; and "ead= Gent$/ rub t"eir bac;
and tumm/ unti$ t"e/ bur'
!. T"i& ma/ a,,ra#ate t"e cr/in,
2
u&ua$$/ &ub&ide& a)ter
t"ree to )our mont"& o)
a,e
t"em do0n
I. S%ITTING U% re,ur,itate@ #omit . Bur' t"e in)ant )requent$/ ?a)ter e#er/ 92
ounce&A
2. Feed more &$o0$/
5. Be care)u$ not to )eed too muc" at a time
!. :ee' t"e in)ant u'ri,"t a)ter )eedin, )or at
$ea&t D minute&
. To 're#ent t"e bui$d9u' o) air in t"e
&tomac"
2. To a$$o0 t"e &tomac" content& more time
to em't/ into t"e inte&tine&
5. Sto' )eedin, 0"en t"e in)ant &eem& )u$$
!. T"i& a$$o0& ,ra#it/ to "e$' 're#ent t"e
&tomac" content& )rom comin, u'
F. *I-%.R
*.R+-TITIS
an in3ammator/ reaction
$oca$i7ed to t"e area o)
&;in u&ua$$/ co#ered b/
t"e dia'er
. *i&continue u&e o) dia'er&
2. -''$/ oi$9ba&ed 'rotectant& or barrier
cream@ #ariou& o#er9t"e9counter Gdia'er
cream&G@ 'etro$eum 6e$$/@ dimet"icone and
ot"er oi$&
5. U&e c$ot" dia'er&
. -$$o0in, t"e a4ected &;in to air out
2. To b$oc; moi&ture )rom reac"in, t"e &;in
5. C$ot" dia'er& can &'eed u' t"e "ea$in,
'roce&&
:. +ILI-RI- an in3ammator/ di&order
o) t"e &;in c"aracteri7ed
b/ redne&&@ eru'tion@
burnin, or itc"in,@ and
t"e re$ea&e o) &0eat in
abnorma$ 0a/& ?a& b/
t"e eru'tion o) #e&ic$e&A
due to b$oc;a,e o) t"e
duct& o) t"e &0eat ,$and&
. U&in, an antibacteria$ &oa' or anti&e'tic
0a&"
2. -#oidin, 'roduct& &uc" a& a$co"o$9
containin, 0i'e&
5. -#oid u&in, ti,"t92ttin, dia'er& and
rubber or '$a&tic 'ant&
. +a/ "e$' to ;ee' t"e number o) ,erm&
?bacteriaA on t"e &;in do0n
2. +a/ irritate t"e &;in or cau&e 'ain
5. Since t"e/ retain more moi&ture
L. INF-NT C-RI.S
?B-BH BOTTL.
SHN*RO+.A
&e#ere carie& o) t"e
deciduou& teet"@ cau&ed
b/ 'ro$on,ed u&e o) mi$;
or 6uice bott$e& a& a
&$ee'in, aid )or in)ant&
. -#oid 2$$in, t"e c"i$d8& nur&in, bott$e 0it"
$iquid& &uc" a& &u,ar 0ater@ "one/ or &o)t
drin;&
2. Ne#er a$$o0 t"e c"i$d to )a$$ a&$ee' 0it" a
bott$e containin, mi$;@ )ormu$a@ )ruit 6uice&
or &0eetened $iquid&
5. Cean c"i$d o4 mi$; bott$e b/ a,e
!. Be,in bru&"in, t"e c"i$d8& teet" a& &oon
a& t"e 2r&t toot" eru't&
. Bacteria are )ond o) ,ro0in, at &0eet
area& o) t"e teet"
2. Bacteria are )ond o) ,ro0in, at &0eet
area& o) t"e teet"
5. .ar$/ 0eanin, "e$'& decrea&e ri&; o)
denta$ carie&
!. .ar$/ toot" bru&"in, "e$'& cata$/7e ,ood
ora$ "/,iene routine
+. OB.SITH IN
INF-NTS
bod/ ma&& indeB ?B+IA
,reater t"an 5 &tandard
de#iation& abo#e t"e
CHO ,ro0t" &tandard
median
. S"ou$d be o4ered on,oin, &u''ort )rom
a''ro'riate$/ trained "ea$t"care
'ro)e&&iona$&
. Fami$ie& o) c"i$dren and /oun, 'eo'$e
identi2ed a& bein, at "i," ri&; o) obe&it/ 9
c"i$dren 0it" at $ea&t one obe&e 'arent 9
5
Li&t ro$e& o) t"e nur&e in t"e care o) a )ami$/ 0it" an i$$ in)ant
. .ncoura,e 'arent& to #i&it an inten&i#e care nur&er/ re,u$ar$/ to "e$' )orm a &tron, 'arent9c"i$d attac"ment.
2. .ncoura,e a ,ood 'arent9c"i$d re$ation&"i'@ 'oint out t"e 'o&iti#e t"in,& an in)ant can do.
5. He$'in, 'arent& to interact more )u$$/ 0it" t"eir in)ant& to bui$d a &en&e o) tru&t in an in)ant.
!. -d#i&e 'arent& to brin,9u' t"e&e concern& at "ea$t" care #i&it.
D. O4erin, antici'ator/ ,uidance to 'arent& can ,o a $on, 0a/ to0ard "e$'in, t"em a#oid t"i& &'ecia$ concern o) in)anc/.
Common be"a#iora$ 'rob$em&( 'arenta$ concern& )or a todd$er
*e&cri'tion +ana,ement Rationa$e
-. B.* C.TTING ni,"ttime urinar/
incontinence@ common$/
ca$$ed bed0ettin, or
&$ee' 0ettin,@ i&
in#o$untar/ urination
0"i$e a&$ee' a)ter t"e
a,e at 0"ic" b$adder
contro$ u&ua$$/ occur&
. .n&urin, t"e c"i$d ,et& t"e ri,"t amount
o) 3uid eac" da/ i& o)ten recommended
2. .ncoura,e t"e c"i$d to ,o to t"e toi$et
re,u$ar$/ durin, t"e da/
5. *o not 'uni&" t"e c"i$d or 0it"dra0
're#iou&$/ a,reed treat& i) t"e/ 0et t"e
bed
. *rin;in, too muc" or too $itt$e can
contribute to bed0ettin,
2. +o&t "ea$t"/ c"i$dren 0i$$ urinate bet0een
)our and &e#en time& a da/= ma;e &ure
t"at t"e c"i$d urinate& be)ore ,oin, to bed
5. %uni&"in, a c"i$d i& o)ten
counter'roducti#e a& it '$ace& t"em under
,reater &tre&& and anBiet/@ 0"ic" cou$d
contribute to bed0ettin,
B. TOIL.T9TR-INING t"e 'roce&& o) trainin, a
c"i$d to contro$ b$adder
and bo0e$ mo#ement&
and to u&e t"e toi$et
. Genera$$/@ &i,n& t"at t"e c"i$d i& read/ )or
toi$et trainin, a''ear )rom about t0o
/ear& on@ a$t"ou," &ome c"i$dren &"o0
&i,n& o) bein, read/ at E mont"&
2. Introduce and eB'$ain t"e 'ott/
5. -$$o0 t"e c"i$d to 0atc" ot"er& 0"o are
u&in, t"e toi$et
!. Gi#e t"e c"i$d $ot& o) 2ber to eat and
0ater to drin; &o "e or &"e doe&n1t
become con&ti'ated
. Be)ore introducin, t"e toi$et or 'ott/@ it
"e$'& a $ot i) t"e 'arent "a#e an
e&tab$i&"ed dai$/ routine 0it" t"e c"i$d
2. -$$o0in, t"e c"i$d to tr/ it out )or &i7e and
,et )ami$iar 0it" it
5. -$$o0in, t"e c"i$d to ,et )ami$iar 0it" it
!. Con&ti'ation ma;e& toi$et trainin, di<cu$t
C. THU+B SUC:ING t"e "abit o) &uc;in, a
t"umb be/ond t"e 'eriod
o) '"/&io$o,ica$ need
. Care)u$$/ remo#e t"e c"i$d8& t"umb )rom
"i& or "er mout" durin, &$ee'
2. O4er '$ent/ o) 'rai&e 0"en t"e c"i$d ,oe&
0it"out t"umb9&uc;in, durin, an acti#it/
t"at norma$$/ 0ou$d "a#e inc$uded t"at
"abit
5. -#oid 'uttin, t"e c"i$d in &ituation& t"at
. T"umb9&uc;in, at ni,"t i& t"e mo&t
di<cu$t "abit to brea;= It ma/ ta;e u' to 5
mont"& be)ore /our c"i$d i& ab$e to )a$$
a&$ee' 0it"out t"umb9&uc;in,
2. *o not &"ame or 'uni&" t"e c"i$d )or
t"umb9&uc;in,= T"i& 0i$$ on$/ $o0er "i& or
"er &e$)9e&teem
!
are u'&ettin, 0"i$e "e or &"e i& tr/in, to
brea; t"e t"umb9&uc;in, "abit
5. T"e c"i$d 0i$$ $i;e$/ turn to t"umb9&uc;in,
)or com)ort= +a;e &ure t"e c"i$d ,et&
enou," &$ee' and )ood durin, t"i& time
*. RITU-LISTIC
B.H-IIOR
automatic be"a#ior o)
'&/c"o,enic or cu$tura$
ori,in
. +a;e a ritua$ o) bedtime i) re)u&in, to
&$ee'.
2. %ro#ide more mea$time encoura,ement. I)
re)u&in, to eat.
5. -$0a/& re0ard /our c"i$d1& 'o&iti#e
be"a#ior.
!. .n&ure t"at /our c"i$dren recei#e equa$
time and attention.
. Tr/ di&tractin, /our todd$erJmentionin,
t"at it i& a$mo&t mea$time or a&;in, "er
0"ere a )a#orite to/.
. Once t"e&e ritua$& are in '$ace@ bedtime
u&ua$$/ become& muc" ea&ier.
2. For "im("er to eat.
5. To a''reciate t"at t"e c"i$d do 0e$$.
!. Todd$er ma/ be$ie#e t"at a /oun,er &ib$in,
i& recei#in, more attention t"an "e or &"e
rea$$/ i&@ and con&equent$/ act out to ,ain
more o) /our attention.
. Can ta;e "er out o) a di<cu$t &ituation
and "e$' "er mo#e on.
.. N.G-TIIIS+ t"e tendenc/ to do t"e
o''o&ite o) 0"at one i&
reque&ted to do@ or to
re&i&t &tubborn$/ )or no
a''arent rea&on= &een in
catatonic &tate& and in
todd$er&
. Tr/ to ma;e t"e c"i$d a 'artner in tac;$in,
ta&;&
2. *on8t o4er c"oice& 0"en t"e/ don8t eBi&t
5. Let t"e c"i$d 'artici'ate in t"e deci&ion9
ma;in, 'roce&&
!. +inimi7e o''ortunitie& )or GNoG an&0er&
. B/'a&& bo&&/ be"a#ior= Nobod/ en6o/&
bein, ordered around J $ea&t o) a$$ a
"ead&tron, todd$er
2. -#oid a&;in, /our c"i$d to 0ei," in 0"en
t"e i&&ue i& non9ne,otiab$e
5. T"e c"i$d 0i$$ )ee$ more in c"ar,e and in
contro$
!. Cut do0n on t"eir c"ance& to re)u&e b/
ca&tin, /our que&tion& care)u$$/
F. *ISCI%LIN. a 0a/ o) be"a#in, t"at
&"o0& a 0i$$in,ne&& to
obe/ ru$e& or order&
. -#oid Stre&&)u$ Situation&
2. %ractice t"e art o) di&traction
5. Gi#e t"e c"i$d a brea;
. B/ t"e time t"e c"i$d "a& reac"ed t"e
todd$er &ta,e@ and &'ent enou," time 0it"
"im or "er to ;no0 0"at tri,,er& reaction&
2. +a;e t"e todd$er8& &"ort attention &'an
0or; )or t"e care,i#er
5. Time9out& are one o) t"e )oundation& o)
c"i$d di&ci'$ine
G. S.%-R-TION
-NKI.TH
a de#e$o'menta$ &ta,e
durin, 0"ic" a c"i$d
eB'erience& anBiet/
0"en &e'arated )rom t"e
'rimar/ care ,i#er
?u&ua$$/ t"e mot"erA@
norma$ bet0een E
mont"& o) a,e and ma/
$a&t unti$ ! mont"& o$d
. %ractice &e'aration
2. Sc"edu$e &e'aration& a)ter na'& or
)eedin,&
5. :ee' )ami$iar &urroundin,& 0"en 'o&&ib$e
and ma;e ne0 &urroundin,& )ami$iar
!. *e#e$o' a L,oodb/eM ritua$
D. Tr/ not to ,i#e in
. Lea#e t"e c"i$d 0it" a care,i#er )or brie)
'eriod& and &"ort di&tance& at 2r&t
2. Todd$er& are more &u&ce'tib$e to
&e'aration anBiet/ 0"en t"e/1re tired or
"un,r/
5. Te$$ t"e c"i$d /ou are $ea#in, and t"at /ou
0i$$ return@ t"en ,oJdon1t &ta$$
!. Ritua$& are rea&&urin, and can be a&
&im'$e a& a &'ecia$ 0a#e t"rou," t"e
D
0indo0 or a ,oodb/e ;i&&
D. Rea&&ure t"e c"i$d t"at "e or &"e 0i$$ be
6u&t 2neJ&ettin, $imit& 0i$$ "e$' t"e
ad6u&tment to &e'aration
H. T.+%.R
T-NTRU+S
un'$ea&ant and
di&ru'ti#e be"a#ior& or
emotiona$ outbur&t&@
t"e/ o)ten occur in
re&'on&e to unmet need&
or de&ire&= t"e/ are more
$i;e$/ to occur in /oun,er
c"i$dren or ot"er& 0"o
cannot eB're&& t"eir
need& or contro$ t"eir
emotion& 0"en t"e/ are
)ru&trated
. I,nore t"e be"a#ior
2. %rai&e t"e c"i$d )or ca$min, do0n
5. Teac" ot"er 0a/& to "and$e an,er and
)ru&tration
!. Be a ,ood ro$e mode$
. Sometime& i,norin, t"e tantrum 0or;&
be&t@ e&'ecia$$/ &ince tantrum& u&ua$$/
$a&t $e&& t"an 2 minute& and attem't& to
&to' a tantrum u&ua$$/ ma;e it 0or&e
2. -)ter a tantrum@ com)ort t"e c"i$d 0it"out
,i#in, in to "i& or "er demand&= te$$ t"e
c"i$d t"at "e or &"e 0a& out o) contro$ and
needed time to ca$m do0n= and ne#er
ma;e )un o) or 'uni&" a c"i$d 0"o "a& "ad
a tem'er tantrum
5. Teac"in, a c"i$d di4erent 0a/& to dea$
0it" ne,ati#e emotion& ma/ reduce t"e
number o) tem'er tantrum& a c"i$d "a& or
're#ent tem'er tantrum& )rom ,ettin,
0or&e
!. C"i$dren o)ten $earn b/ 0atc"in, t"eir
'arent&= Set a ,ood eBam'$e b/ "and$in,
o0n )ru&tration ca$m$/
Li&t t"e ro$e& o) t"e nur&e in t"e care o) a )ami$/ 0it" an i$$ todd$er
a. Nutrition
- &'ecia$ diet ma/ $imit t/'ica$ 2n,er )ood&.
U&e ima,ination to o4er ot"er )ood& not u&ua$$/ eaten t"i& 0a/ a& 2n,er )ood&.
-$$o0 c"i$d to "e$' 'our $iquid diet )or a tube )eedin,.
Todd$er& are )ri,"tened b/ #omitin, becau&e t"e/ "a#e no contro$ o#er it. C"ec; )or 'o&&ibi$it/ o) nau&ea= todd$er& "a#e no 0a/ to eB're&& t"i&
ot"er t"an b/ not eatin,.
b. *re&&in, c"an,e&
- c"i$d can "o$d 'iece& o) ta'e or 'ut ta'e in '$ace to maintain &en&e o) contro$.
T"e c"i$d can remo#e an o$d banda,e i) it i& not contaminated.
-$$o0 c"i$dren to #ie0 t"eir inci&ion& and 0atc" dre&&in, c"an,e&.
.B'$ainin, eac" &te' o) a 'rocedure a& /ou 'er)orm it "e$'& a c"i$d maintain contro$.
6
c. +edication
-$$o0 c"i$dren no c"oice re,ardin, 0"et"er a medicine 0i$$ be ta;en.
*o a$$o0 a c"i$d to c"oo&e a Lc"a&erM@ &uc" a& mi$; or 6uice@ a)ter ora$ medicine.
*o not a&; a todd$er to indicate a c"oice o) &ite )or an in6ection or II in&ertion= t"i& i& too ad#anced a deci&ion )or a todd$er to "and$e.
d. Re&t
Locate or create a ritua$ )or bedtime ?'ut c"i$d into bed@ tuc; "im in@ &a/@ L,oodni,"t@ bab/M.
-$$o0 a c"oice o) to/ or co#er but not a c"oice o) bedtime or na'time "our.
e. H/,iene
-$$o0 c"i$d a c"oice o) bat"tub to/ or c$ot"in,.
-$$o0 a c"i$d to 0a&" )ace and "and& to ,ain contro$ o) t"e &ituation.
-$$o0 t"e c"i$d to 'ut toot"'a&te on a bru&"@ but /ou &"ou$d bru&" or Ltouc" u'M teet" a)ter0ard to en&ure t"at a$$ '$aque "a& been remo#ed.
). %ain
.ncoura,e a c"i$d to eB're&& 'ain ?L&a/ Nouc"1 0"en I 'u$$ o4 t"e ta'eMA.
He$' c"anne$ a c"i$d1& &e$)9eB're&&ion to 0"at i& acce'tab$e ?e.,.@ t"e c"i$d ma/ &"out but ma/ not ;ic;A.
,. Stimu$ation
%ro#ide a todd$er 0it" a to/ t"at can be mani'u$ated@ &uc" a& boBe& t"at 2t in&ide one anot"er and can be ta;en out a,ain@ truc;& t"at can be
'u&"ed@ and 'e,& t"at can be 'ounded.
Bu/ a non9$ateB ba$$oon and tie it to t"e crib &ide to be u&ed a& a 'unc"in, ba,= anot"er one tied to t"e )oot o) t"e crib can &er#e a& a $e,
eBerci&er.
". .$imination
- c"i$d 0"o i& toi$et trained need& to be encoura,ed to u&e a 'ott/ c"air or toi$et durin, an i$$ne&&.
He$' c"i$dren 0it" ureter or bo0e$ &toma& to "e$' 0it" c"an,in, ba,& &o t"e/ are a& inde'endent in bo0e$ )unction a& 'o&&ib$e.
Common be"a#iora$ 'rob$em&( 'arenta$ concern& )or a 're&c"oo$er
*e&cri'tion +ana,ement Rationa$e
-. F.-R OF TH.
*-R:
Fear i& a norma$ 'art o)
$i)e )or a$$ o) u&@ inc$udin,
/oun, c"i$dren. It tend&
to &tart 0"en /ou tr/
&omet"in, ne0@
&omet"in, t"at /ou1#e
ne#er eB'erienced
be)ore@ &omet"in, t"at i&
an un;no0n= T"e )ear o)
. Be a& ca$m a& 'o&&ib$e 0"en ta$;in, to t"e
c"i$d about "i& or "er )ear o) t"e dar;
2. Rea&&ure t"e c"i$d t"at "i& )ear o) t"e dar;
i& norma$
5. *o not &$ee' 0it" t"e c"i$d
!. *on1t '$a/ into t"e )ear o) t"e dar;
. Li&ten and ma;e &ure don1t eBa,,erate
and eBacerbate to ma;e t"e )ear 0or&e
2. But don1t ,et )ru&trated 6u&t becau&e 0"at
"e or &"e i& a)raid o) doe&n1t rea$$/ eBi&t
5. %arent& &ti$$ "a#e to ;ee' t"e boundarie&
t"at 0or; )or t"em and ,i#e t"eir c"i$d t"e
too$& to co'e 0it" "i& or "er )ear
!. %arent& are ,i#in, "im or "er t"e idea t"at
"i& or "er )ear "a& credibi$it/@ and "e or
O
t"e dar; tend& to e#o$#e
around t"e time c"i$dren
are o$d enou," to "a#e a
&en&e o) ima,ination
&"e 0on1t be ab$e to ,et o#er it unti$ "e or
&"e under&tand& it "one&t$/
B. F.-R OF BO*H
+UTIL-TION
T"e )ear o) $o&in, an/
'art o) our 'reciou&
bodi$/ &tructure= t"e
t"ou,"t o) "a#in, our
bod/8& boundarie&
in#aded@ or o) $o&in, t"e
inte,rit/ o) an/ or,an@
bod/ 'art@ or natura$
)unction
. Gent$/ eB'o&e /our c"i$d to t"in,& t"at
mi,"t be &car/ to "im.
2. .B'$ain to /our todd$er 0"at i& rea$@
0"at i& 'retend@ and "o0 t"in,& t"at
mi,"t be &car/ ?&torm&@ toi$et&A
actua$$/ 0or;.
5. Be "one&t. I) /ou ;no0 &omet"in,
&car/ i& ,oin, to "a''en or t"at
&omet"in, 0i$$ "urt@ te$$ /our todd$er
t"e trut".
!. Ha#e /our c"i$d8& 'icture ta;en 0it"
t"e team ma&cot@ reco,ni7e t"at an
o#er&i7e dino&aur@ ti,er@ or e#en rabbit
i& )ri,"tenin, becau&e o) t"e
di&'ro'ortion and no#e$t/.
D. Ne#er )orce /our c"i$d to interact 0it"
&omeone &"e are a)raid o)@ and
con&ider "a#in, 'eo'$e in co&tume&
remo#e t"eir ma&;& to rea&&ure "er
t"ere i& a )riend$/ )ace in&ide.
. Coac" "im and mode$ "o0 to &ta/
ca$m.
2. For "im to ;no0 0"at1& a$$ about
"a''enin,.
5. He8$$ $earn to con)ront )ear& "ead9on
b/ )o$$o0in, /our eBam'$e and tru&tin,
/ou to te$$ t"e trut".
!. To determine 0"at8& rea$ and 0"at8&
'retend.
D. He$' /our c"i$d ad6u&t to t"e idea o)
'eo'$e in co&tume& b/ '$a/in, dre&&9
u' 0it" "er.
C. T.LLING T-LL
T-L.S
-n eBa,,erated@
unre$iab$e &tor/
. U&in, more 'rai&e to boo&t t"e c"i$d1& &e$)9
e&teem
2. +a;e &ure to "a#e c$ear ru$e& about 0"at
i& acce'tab$e be"a#ior in t"e "ome
5. C"en t"e c"i$d o0n& u' to doin,
&omet"in, 0ron,@ 'rai&e "im or "er )or
bein, "one&t
. .Ba,,erated &torie& t"at in#o$#e bra,,in,
can be a c"i$d1& 0a/ o) ,ettin, admiration
or re&'ect )rom ot"er&
2. C"i$dren are more $i;e$/ to be"a#e 0it"in
acce'tab$e boundarie& i) c$ear ru$e& are
en)orced
5. It1& im'ortant t"at t"e c"i$d ;no0& t"at
'arent& 0on1t ,et u'&et i) "e or &"e o0n&
u' to &omet"in,
*. I+-GIN-RH
FRI.N*S
Ima,inar/ )riend& or
ima,inar/ com'anion&
are a '&/c"o$o,ica$ and
&ocia$ '"enomenon
0"ere a )riend&"i' or
ot"er inter'er&ona$
. -& t"e c"i$d ,et& o$der tr/ to 'ro#ide $ot&
o) en6o/ab$e eB'erience& 0it" rea$
c"i$dren and rea$ t"in,&
2. C"i$e acce'tin, t"e 0a/ /our c"i$d 0ant&
/ou to act to0ard& t"e )riend it i& "e$')u$ i)
/ou don8t ,et too in#o$#ed and ta;e o#er
. So t"e )riend 0i$$ ,radua$$/ not be a&
intere&tin, or attracti#e a& t"e rea$ 0or$d@
and 0i$$ di&a''ear
2. I) t"e care,i#er ta;e o#er or add to t"e
&tor/ t"e/ are ta;in, o#er t"e c"i$d8& need
to create "i& or "er o0n &tor/
E
re$ation&"i' ta;e& '$ace
in t"e ima,ination rat"er
t"an eBterna$ '"/&ica$
rea$it/
or add /our o0n idea& to t"e &tor/
5. I) /ou are a&;ed to 6oin in t"e '$a/ t"en do
&o
5. Let t"e c"i$d ta;e t"e $ead in "o0
care,i#er1& re&'ond
.. R.GR.SSION - return to a )ormer or
$e&& de#e$o'ed &tate
. Let t"e c"i$d ;no0 t"at "i& or "er c"an,e
in be"a#ior i& noticed
2. -rran,e )or a &'ecia$ time to &'end a$one
0it" t"e c"i$d
5. Su''ort "im or "er 0it" 'o&iti#e
rein)orcement&@ inc$udin, "u,& and 'rai&e@
&tic;er& on a c"art@ and an occa&iona$ 'e'
ta$; a& "e or &"e &tru,,$e&
. Ierba$ a& /our todd$er or 're&c"oo$er ma/
be@ it i& near$/ im'o&&ib$e )or mo&t
c"i$dren t"i& a,e to eB're&& t"e inten&e
emotion& t"e/ &ometime& eB'erience@
o)ten )or t"e #er/ 2r&t time
2. To ea&e /our c"i$d1& di&tre&&
5. Let "im or "er ;no0 t"at /ou are )u$$/
con2dent t"at "e or &"e 0i$$ ,et o#er t"i&
"urd$e
F. *IFFICULTH
SH-RING
. +a;e &"arin, )un . Teac" /our c"i$d
coo'erati#e ,ame& in 0"ic" '$a/er& 0or;
to,et"er to0ard a common ,oa$. *o
'u77$e& to,et"er@ ta;in, turn& addin,
'iece&@ )or in&tance. S"are 'ro6ect&@ too>
0ater t"e '$ant&@ &0ee' t"e 3oor@ or
un'ac; t"e &"o''in, 0it" "im. Fina$$/@
,i#e "im t"in,& to &"are 0it" "i& )riend&
no0 and t"en@ $i;e a &'ecia$ &nac; )or
nur&er/ or a ro$$ o) &tic;er& to di##/ u'
durin, '$a/time.
2. To encoura,e &"arin,@ u&e 'o&iti#e
rein)orcement rat"er t"an admoni&"ment.
5. Get connected.
!. Time9&"arin,.
D. *on1t )orce a c"i$d to &"are.
. In t"i& 0a/ /our c"i$d 0e$$ &oon &"are /ou
&ome o) "i&("er concern&.
2. So t"at t"e c"i$d 0ou$d not a)raid to &"are
&omet"in,.
5. C"i$dren 0"o "a#e been on t"e recei#in,
end o) ,enero&it/ )o$$o0 t"e mode$
t"e/1#e been ,i#en and become ,enerou&
'er&on& t"em&e$#e&.
!. U&in, a timer can "e$' /ou re)eree to/
&quabb$e&.
D. Create attitude& and an en#ironment t"at
encoura,e /our c"i$d to 0ant to &"are.
G. R.GR.SSION - return to a )ormer or
$e&& de#e$o'ed &tate
. Let t"e c"i$d ;no0 t"at "i& or "er c"an,e
in be"a#ior i& noticed
2. -rran,e )or a &'ecia$ time to &'end a$one
0it" t"e c"i$d
5. Su''ort "im or "er 0it" 'o&iti#e
rein)orcement&@ inc$udin, "u,& and 'rai&e@
&tic;er& on a c"art@ and an occa&iona$ 'e'
ta$; a& "e or &"e &tru,,$e&
. Ierba$ a& /our todd$er or 're&c"oo$er ma/
be@ it i& near$/ im'o&&ib$e )or mo&t
c"i$dren t"i& a,e to eB're&& t"e inten&e
emotion& t"e/ &ometime& eB'erience@
o)ten )or t"e #er/ 2r&t time
2. To ea&e /our c"i$d1& di&tre&&
5. Let "im or "er ;no0 t"at /ou are )u$$/
con2dent t"at "e or &"e 0i$$ ,et o#er t"i&
"urd$e
H. SIBLING Sib$in, ri#a$r/ i& t"e . Treat eac" c"i$d equa$$/ . Sib$in, ri#a$r/ i& norma$ 0"en t0o c"i$dren
P
RII-LRH(%R.%-RIN
G FOR - N.C
SIBLING
6ea$ou&/@ com'etition
and 2,"tin, bet0een
brot"er& and &i&ter&= It i&
a concern )or a$mo&t a$$
'arent& o) t0o or more
;id&. %rob$em& o)ten &tart
ri,"t a)ter t"e birt" o)
t"e &econd c"i$d
2. Gi#e eac" c"i$d a turn 0it" /our undi#ided
attention
5. Focu& on eac" c"i$d1& &tren,t"&
!. %rai&e /our c"i$dren 0"en t"e/ '$a/ 0e$$
to,et"er
are c$o&e in a,e or o) t"e &ame ,ender=
t"e 'arent& ma/ ma;e it 0or&e i) t"e/
treat c"i$dren di4erent$/ or )a#or one
more t"an t"e ot"er
2. +a;e t"e time to do t"in,& &e'arate$/
0it" eac" c"i$d &o t"e/ "a#e &ome one9
on9one interaction 0it" t"e 'arent
5. *on1t ma;e com'ari&on& bet0een c"i$dren
a& it 0i$$ on$/ $ead to )urt"er com'etition
!. T"e 'o&iti#e attention ma/ encoura,e
t"em to be nice to one anot"er
I. S.K .*UC-TION SeB education i&
in&truction on i&&ue&
re$atin, to "uman
&eBua$it/@ inc$udin,
"uman &eBua$ anatom/@
&eBua$ re'roduction@
&eBua$ acti#it/@
re'roducti#e "ea$t"@
emotiona$ re$ation&@
re'roducti#e ri,"t& and
re&'on&ibi$itie&@ &eBua$
ab&tinence@ and birt"
contro$
. +a&turbation> Focu& on t"e &ettin,@ rat"er
t"an t"e acti#it/
2. Ta$; about un0anted &eBua$ touc"in,
5. C"en /oun, c"i$dren a&;@ GC"ere babie&
come )romQG
!. Ha#e a,e9a''ro'riate &eB education
boo;& in t"e "ou&e and read t"em
to,et"er
D. .B'$ain t"e detai$& &$o0$/ and in &ma$$
c"un;&@ a& time ,oe& on
. I) t"e c"i$d ma&turbate& in 'ub$ic@ te$$
t"em t"at 0"at t"e/1re doin, i& 2ne@ but
t"at it1& &omet"in, to do in 'ri#ate@ 6u&t
$i;e ,oin, to t"e toi$et
2. Te$$ t"e c"i$d t"at no one i& a$$o0ed to
touc" t"eir ,enita$&@ and t"at t"e/ &"ou$d
$et t"eir 'arent& ;no0 &trai,"t a0a/ i)
&omebod/ doe&
5. :ee' an&0er& &im'$e= T"ere1& no need to
,o into a detai$ed eB'$anation o) "uman
re'roduction
!. -n&0er t"eir que&tion& a& t"e/ ari&e
D. To "a#e better under&tandin, and
retrie#a$ o) in)ormation
F. CHOOSING -
%R.SCHOOL OR
CHIL* C-R.
C.NT.R
I& t"e care o) a c"i$d
durin, t"e da/ b/ a
'er&on ot"er t"an t"e
c"i$d8& $e,a$ ,uardian&@
t/'ica$$/ 'er)ormed b/
&omeone out&ide t"e
c"i$d8& immediate )ami$/=
*a/ care i& t/'ica$$/ an
on,oin, &er#ice durin,
&'eci2c 'eriod&@ &uc" a&
t"e 'arent&8 time at
0or;.
. .&tab$i&" a t"orou," &et o) 'o$icie& and
'rocedure& t"at ,uide t"e o'eration o) t"e
da/9care center. Inc$ude &a)et/
'rocedure&@ &ic;9c"i$d 'o$icie&@ #i&itor
re&triction&@ di&ci'$ine ,uide$ine& and an/
ot"er im'ortant a&'ect& o) runnin, t"e
center.
2. .&tab$i&" o'en communication 0it" t"e
'arent& and teac"er&. .ncoura,e t"em to
come to /ou 0it" an/ concern&@
&u,,e&tion& or 'rob$em& t"e/ eB'erience.
-ddre&& an/ concern& 0"et"er or not /ou
)ee$ t"e/8re im'ortant.
5. +a;e &ure /ou "a#e a 0e$$9'$anned
&c"edu$e )or nutritiou& &nac;& t"at
. To a#oid an/ accident& and in6ur/.
2. For )urt"er concern& on t"e c"i$d.
5. To maintain "ea$t"/ bod/.
!. - 0e$$9re&ted c"i$d i& o)ten muc" ea&ier to
"and$e. Na'time& a$&o 'ro#ide /our
care,i#er& 0it" a brea;.
D. Immediate$/ di&card an/t"in, t"at mi,"t
be con&idered un&a)e.
0
c"i$dren 0i$$ eat. U&e co$or)u$ )ruit& and
#e,etab$e& to catc" t"e c"i$d8& attention. 9
!. Get /our c"i$dren on a re,u$ar na'
&c"edu$e at &ome 'oint durin, t"eir &ta/.
D. Sa)et/ a$0a/& "a& to come 2r&t. +a;e
&ure t"at a$$ to/& and equi'ment are in
,ood re'air.
:. +I**L. CHIL*
CO+%L.K
+idd$e c"i$d &/ndrome i&
a condition in 0"ic"
c"i$dren born in t"e
midd$e eB'erience
)ee$in,& o) em'tine&&@
inadequac/ and 6ea$ou&/.
It i& a$&o c"aracteri7ed b/
$o0 &e$)9e&teem and
eBtreme intro#er&ion@
&ometime& e#en $eadin,
to '&/c"otic be"a#ior
. Ta;in, t"e time to ta$; 0it" /our c"i$d.
2. Be &ure to ,i#e t"em 0"at t"e/ need
un$e&& it1& im'ortant.
5. Treat a$$ o) /our c"i$dren eBact$/ t"e &ame.
!. Ta;e /our c"i$dren1& )ee$in,& into care)u$
con&ideration be)ore &'ea;in, or actin,=
0ei," t"e 'o&&ibi$itie& o) one )ee$in, $e)t
out@ and do 0"at /ou can.
D. %arent& mu&t "a#e )or bot" c"i$dren.
. Ta$;in, 0it" /our c"i$d and a$$o0in, t"em
to eB're&& t"eir )ee$in,& ma/ be enou,".
2. For t"em to ;no0 t"at /ou &ti$$ concern&
on t"em.
5. To a#oid 6ea$ou&/ and )or )airne&& a$$ o)
t"em.
!. To en&ure t"at t"in,& are a$0a/& a& )air
and equa$ a& 'o&&ib$e.
D. To a#oid con3ict& bet0een t"e c"i$dren.
L. %R.%-RING TH.
CHIL* FOR
SCHOOL
Startin, &c"oo$ brin,&
about bi, c"an,e& )or
t"e )ami$/
. Rea&&ure t"e c"i$d t"at i) an/ 'rob$em&
ari&e at &c"oo$@ /ou 0i$$ be t"ere to "e$'
re&o$#e t"em
2. %oint out t"e 'o&iti#e a&'ect& o) &tartin,
&c"oo$
5. Ii&it t"e &c"oo$ to,et"er and a&; to be
&"o0n t"e '$ace& t"at are rea$$/ im'ortant
to t"e c"i$d
. It 0i$$ ea&e t"eir anBiet/ about &e'aratin,
)rom t"eir 'arent&
2. It 0i$$ be )un and &"e can ma;e ne0
)riend&
5. T"e number one concern o) e#er/ &in,$e
c"i$d are t"e toi$et& and t"e &in;&
+. BRO:.N FLU.NCH Re'etition and
'ro$on,ation o) &ound&@
&/$$ab$e&@ and 0ord&.
- c"i$d ma/ be,in to
re'eat 0ord& or &/$$ab$e&@
&a/in,@ LI9I9I 0ant a n9n9
ne0 &'oon9&'oon9
&'oon.M
. %a/ attention to /our c"i$d 0"en "e ta$;&
to /ou. Let "im ;no0 /ou8re $i&tenin,. Gi#e
"im /our time and attention i) "e "a&
&omet"in, ur,ent to &a/.
2. *on8t demand &'eec" i) /our c"i$d i&
cr/in,@ in6ured or ob#iou&$/ u'&et.
5. Reduce communication &tre&&.
!. *on8t a&; /our c"i$d to ta$; 0"en &"e i&
#er/ emotiona$@ e&'ecia$$/ 0"en cr/in,.
. *on8t in&i&t t"at /our c"i$d tr/ not to
&tutter.
. Remember t"at /our c"i$d 0ant& to &"are
"i& )ee$in,&@ eB'erience& and idea& 0it"
/ou. Let "im ;no0 t"at /ou are intere&ted
and don8t ru&" "im.
2. T"e&e &ituation& 0i$$ a$mo&t a$0a/& di&ru't
3uenc/.
5. +inimi7e &ituation& and en#ironment&
0"ic" tri,,er &tutterin,.
!. Sobbin, i& re'etiti#e enou," to tri,,er a
&tutterin, re&'on&e.
D. T"i& ma/ $ead to ,reater attem't& to )orce
t"e 0ord& out and ma/ increa&e
&econdar/ &tru,,$e be"a#ior.

N. B-THROO+
L-NGU-G.
T"i& &i,n 0"ere t"e
're&c"oo$er are read/ to
u&e bat"room.
. *on1t -&;. Te$$.
2. Sc"edu$e. +a;e toi$et tri'& 'art o) /our
e#er/da/ $i)e. %$an toi$et tri'& around /our
u&ua$ routine. Stic; 0it" t"e &ame time&
o) t"e da/ or t"e &ame dai$/ acti#itie&.
5. Communicate. U&e t"e &ame &im'$e
0ord&@ &i,n& or 'icture& durin, eac" tri'.
!. +a;e a Ii&ua$ Sc"edu$e. %icture& ma/ "e$'
/our c"i$d ;no0 0"at to eB'ect durin,
toi$et tri'&.
D. Identi)/ Re0ard&. +a;e a $i&t o) /our
c"i$d1& )a#orite t"in,&@ $i;e )ood&@ to/&@
and #ideo&. T"in; o) 0"ic" one& 0i$$ be
ea&ie&t to ,i#e /our c"i$d a& &oon a&
"e(&"e urinate& or "a& a bo0e$ mo#ement
in t"e toi$et.
. *o not 0ait )or c"i$dren to te$$ /ou t"e/
need to u&e t"e bat"room or to &a/ L/e&M
0"en a&;ed i) t"e/ need to ,o. Te$$ t"em it
i& time )or a toi$et tri'.
2. T"i& 0a/ 0ou$d be "abit& &oon to t"e
c"i$d.
5. T"i& "e$'& a c"i$d $earn toi$etin, $an,ua,e.
!. For t"em ;no0 0"at t"e/ &"ou$d do.
D. For a''reciation.
Common be"a#iora$ 'rob$em&( 'arenta$ concern& )or a 're&c"oo$er
+ana,ement Rationa$e
SeB
a0arene&&(&eB
education
. +a&turbation> Focu& on t"e &ettin,@ rat"er t"an t"e
acti#it/
2. Ta$; about un0anted &eBua$ touc"in,
5. C"en /oun, c"i$dren a&;@ GC"ere babie& come )romQG
!. Ha#e a,e9a''ro'riate &eB education boo;& in t"e "ou&e
and read t"em to,et"er
D. .B'$ain t"e detai$& &$o0$/ and in &ma$$ c"un;&@ a& time
,oe& on
. I) t"e c"i$d ma&turbate& in 'ub$ic@ te$$ t"em t"at 0"at
t"e/1re doin, i& 2ne@ but t"at it1& &omet"in, to do in
'ri#ate@ 6u&t $i;e ,oin, to t"e toi$et
2. Te$$ t"e c"i$d t"at no one i& a$$o0ed to touc" t"eir
,enita$&@ and t"at t"e/ &"ou$d $et t"eir 'arent& ;no0
&trai,"t a0a/ i) &omebod/ doe&
5. :ee' an&0er& &im'$e= T"ere1& no need to ,o into a
detai$ed eB'$anation o) "uman re'roduction
!. -n&0er t"eir que&tion& a& t"e/ ari&e
D. To "a#e better under&tandin, and retrie#a$ o)
in)ormation
Li&t t"e ro$e& o) t"e nur&e in t"e care o) a )ami$/ 0it" an i$$ 're&c"oo$ c"i$d
2
a. Nutrition
Ser#in, toa&t or &and0ic"e& cut into anima$ &"a'e& 0it" coo;ie cutter&@ cerea$ in t"e )orm o) a$'"abet c"aracter&@ or )ood arran,ed on a '$ate
to ma;e a )ace a''ea$& to t"e ima,ination and ma/ ma;e a 're&c"oo$er more intere&ted in )ood.
Re&'ect c"i$d1& )ood 're)erence&.
b. *re&&in, c"an,e
-$$o0 're&c"oo$er to mea&ure and cut ta'e or dra0 a )ace on it.
-$$o0 c"i$d to &ee inci&ion &ite.
.B'$ain &te'& o) dre&&in, c"an,e a& /ou 0or; to reduce un;no0n& and area& not to be )eared.
c. +edicine
-$$o0 c"i$d to c"oo&e a c"a&er &uc" a& 6uice or mi$; a)ter ora$ medicine.
C"oo&in, &ite )or in6ection or II $ine i& too ad#anced )or t"e 're&c"oo$er= do not &u,,e&t &uc" c"oice&.
d. Re&t
%ro#ide a $i,"t in t"e room or brin, c"i$d1& bed into "a$$0a/ &o )ear o) t"e dar; i& reduced and c"i$d can dea$ 0it" on$/ rea$it/ 'rob$em&.
Identi)/ &ound& t"e 're&c"oo$er mi,"t "ear in t"e "o&'ita$@ &uc" a& an air conditioner turnin, on.
e. H/,iene
-$$o0 c"i$d to c"oo&e bat"tub to/&@ c$ot"in,.
-$$o0 c"i$d to 0a&" o0n "and& and )ace.
-$$o0 c"i$d to &'$a&" in 0ater a& a '$a/ acti#it/ a& 0e$$ a& )or c$ean$ine&&.
). %ain
.ncoura,e 're&c"oo$er to eB're&& 'ain.
-$$o0 c"i$d to "and$e& &/rin,e or &uction cat"eter@ and ,i#e L&"ot&M or &uction to a do$$ to a$$e#iate an,er or )ear.
.ncoura,e c"i$d to a&; )or ana$,e&ic& i) nece&&ar/.
,. Stimu$ation
Gue&&in, ,ame& encoura,e a &en&e o) initiati#e. *ra0 a do, or a "ou&e and a&; c"i$d to c$o&e "i& or "er e/e& 0"i$e /ou add one more detai$ to
t"e dra0in,@ &uc" a& an ear or a c"imne/= a&; c"i$d to identi)/ ne0 item.
Re#er&e t"e ,ame and a&; c"i$d 0"at /ou era&ed )rom t"e dra0in,@ or a$$o0 c"i$d to do o0n dra0in,.
%ro#ide mani'u$ati#e to/&@ &uc" a& 2n,er 'aint@ &oa'/ 0ater@ c$a/@ or dr/ cerea$ to u&e a& &and.
Common be"a#iora$ 'rob$em&( 'arenta$ concern& )or a &c"oo$ a,e c"i$d
*e&cri'tion +ana,ement Rationa$e
-. UN*.R
-CHI.I.+.NT
%er)ormance be$o0
'otentia$.
. +oti#atin, &c"oo$er to be$ie#e t"at t"e/
"a#e t"e &;i$$& to do 0e$$ in &c"oo$.
2. Ta$; c"i$dren1& ,i)tedne&& 0it" t"em b/
"e$'in, t"em reco,ni7e t"at t"e/ are
continua$$/ c"an,in, and ,ro0in, and t"at
t"e/ "a#e a "and in t"eir o0n
. C"i$dren reco,ni7e t"eir o0n ro$e in
de#e$o'in, t"e&e &;i$$&.
2. For t"em to ;no0 0"at are t"e/ and t"eir
ro$e c"an,e&.
5. %arent& 0"o on$/ com'$ain t"at t"eir
&u'er#i&or& do not a''reciate t"em ma/
5
accom'$i&"ment& and ,ro0t".
5. %arent& &"ou$d a$&o ta$; about t"eir dai$/
$i#e& and em'"a&i7e "o0 t"eir o0n e4ort&
$ead to bene2t&.
!. It1& im'ortant )or 'arent& to &"are t"eir
'o&iti#e 0or; eB'erience& a& 0e$$ a& "o0
t"e/ 'er&i&t in &'ite o) t"e ine#itab$e
ne,ati#e a&'ect& o) t"e 0or; 0or$d.
D. *i&cu&& cau&e9and9e4ect re$ation&"i'&
0it" t"eir c"i$dren.
&end t"eir c"i$dren t"e me&&a,e t"at
'uttin, )ort" e4ort i& a 0a&te o) time.
!. Indi#idua$& 0"o &tru,,$e but &ucceed bui$d
con2dence in t"em&e$#e&= t"e/ a$&o o4er
ot"er& a better $e&&on in "o0 &ucce&& i&
u&ua$$/ 0on t"an t"o&e 0"o &im'$/ ,$ide to
it.
D. In 'articu$ar@ 'arent& can coun&e$ c"i$dren
)aced 0it" di<cu$t &ituation& on "o0 to
c"an,e t"e en#ironment to 2t t"eir need&@
"o0 to ac"ie#e &ucce&& b/ ad6u&tin, to t"e
eBi&tin, en#ironment@ or 0"en to $et ,o o)
a )ruit$e&& idea or "o'e$e&& &ituation.
B. -TT.NTION
*.FICIT
HH%.R-CTIIITH
SHN*RO+.
I& t"e neurobio$o,ica$
condition o) attention9
de2cit "/'eracti#it/
di&order ?-*H*A in
adu$t&.
. .Berci&e and eat ri,"t.
2. Get '$ent/ o) &$ee'.
5. %ractice better time mana,ement.
!. Cor; on /our re$ation&"i'&. Sc"edu$e
acti#itie& 0it" )riend& and ;ee' /our
en,a,ement&. Be #i,i$ant in con#er&ation>
$i&ten 0"en ot"er& are &'ea;in, and tr/
not to &'ea; too quic;$/ /our&e$).
D. Create a &u''orti#e 0or; en#ironment.
+a;e )requent u&e o) $i&t&@ co$or9codin,@
reminder&@ note&9to9&e$)@ ritua$&@ and 2$e&.
I) 'o&&ib$e@ c"oo&e 0or; t"at moti#ate&
and intere&t& /ou. Notice "o0 and 0"en
/ou 0or; be&t and a''$/ t"e&e condition&
to /our 0or;in, en#ironment a& be&t /ou
can.
. .Berci&e #i,orou&$/ and re,u$ar$/Jit "e$'&
0or; o4 eBce&& ener,/ and a,,re&&ion in a
'o&iti#e 0a/ and &oot"e& and ca$m& t"e
bod/. .at a 0ide #ariet/ o) "ea$t"/ )ood&
and $imit &u,ar/ )ood& in order to e#en out
mood &0in,&.
2. C"en /ou1re tired@ it1& e#en more di<cu$t
to )ocu&@ mana,e &tre&&@ &ta/ 'roducti#e@
and ;ee' on to' o) /our re&'on&ibi$itie&.
Su''ort /our&e$) b/ ,ettin, bet0een O9E
"our& o) &$ee' e#er/ ni,"t.
5. Set dead$ine& )or e#er/t"in,@ e#en )or
&eemin,$/ &ma$$ ta&;&.
!. For &e$)9eB're&&ion&.
D. It can "e$' to team u' 0it" $e&& creati#e@
more or,ani7ed 'eo'$eJa 'artner&"i' t"at
can be mutua$$/ bene2cia$.
C. L-NGU-G.
%ROBL.+S
%re&c"oo$ c"i$dren ?5 to D
/ear& o$dA 0it" $an,ua,e
di&order& ma/ "a#e
troub$e under&tandin,
and ta$;in,.
. Ta$; a $ot /our c"i$d.
2. Read to /our c"i$d. C"oo&e boo;& t"at are
&turd/ and "a#e $ar,e co$or)u$ 'icture&
t"at are not too detai$ed. -&; /our c"i$d@
GC"at8& t"i&QG and encoura,e namin, and
'ointin, to )ami$iar ob6ect& in t"e boo;.
5. -c;no0$ed,e@ encoura,e@ and 'rai&e a$$
attem't& to &'ea;. S"o0 t"at /ou
under&tand t"e 0ord or '"ra&e b/ )u$2$$in,
t"e reque&t@ i) a''ro'riate. -nd 'au&e
. T"i& 0i$$ "e$' /our c"i$d $earn ne0 0ord&.
2. Sometime& Greadin,G i& &im'$/ de&cribin,
t"e 'icture& in a boo; 0it"out )o$$o0in,
t"e 0ritten 0ord&.
5. T"i& ,i#e& /our c"i$d a c"ance to continue
t"e con#er&ation.
!. T"i& 0i$$ "e$' /our c"i$d to en"ance "i&("er
$an,ua,e.
D. T"e 'o&&ibi$it/ o) re$ated emotiona$ or
be"a#iora$ 'rob$em&.
!
a)ter &'ea;in,.
!. Ta;e ad#anta,e o) dai$/ acti#itie&. For
eBam'$e@ 0"i$e in t"e ;itc"en@ encoura,e
/our c"i$d to name t"e uten&i$& needed.
*i&cu&& t"e )ood& on t"e menu@ t"eir co$or@
teBture@ and ta&te.
D. %&/c"o$o,ica$ t"era'/ ?'&/c"ot"era'/@
coun&e$in,@ or co,niti#e be"a#iora$
t"era'/A i& a$&o recommended
*. -NKI.TH
R.L-T.* TO
B.GINNING
SCHOOL
+an/ c"i$dren become
anBiou& about &c"oo$ or
t"in,& t"at "a''en at
&c"oo$. T"i& ma/ be
about &c"oo$0or;@
bu$$/in,@ )riend&"i' i&&ue&
or 6u&t t"e &c"oo$
en#ironment@ 0"ic" can
&eem #er/ o#er0"e$min,.
-nBiet/ can "a''en 0"en
c"an,in, &c"oo$& or
mo#in, u' a &ta,e@
'articu$ar$/ )rom 'rimar/
to &econdar/.
. .B'o&e c"i$dren to &c"oo$ in &ma$$
de,ree&@ increa&in, eB'o&ure &$o0$/ o#er
time.
2. Ta$; 0it" /our c"i$d about )ee$in,& and
)ear&.
5. .ncoura,e "obbie& and intere&t&.
!. .m'"a&i7e t"e 'o&iti#e a&'ect& o) ,oin, to
&c"oo$> bein, 0it" )riend&@ $earnin, a
)a#orite &ub6ect@ and '$a/in, at rece&&.
D. Tr/ &e$)9"e$' met"od& 0it" /our c"i$d. In
addition to a t"era'i&t1&
recommendation&.
. .#entua$$/ t"i& 0i$$ "e$' t"em rea$i7e t"ere
i& not"in, to )ear and t"at not"in, bad 0i$$
"a''en.
2. T"i& "e$'& reduce t"em.
5. Fun i& re$aBation@ and "obbie& are ,ood
di&traction& t"at "e$' bui$d &e$)9con2dence.
!. T"i& 0i$$ "e$' t"at /our c"i$d 0i$$ &oon be
intere&ted to ,o in &c"oo$.
D. - ,ood &e$)9"e$' boo; 0i$$ 'ro#ide
re$aBation tec"nique&.
.. SCHOOL
R.FUS-L OR
%HOBI-
I& a )ear o) attendin,
&c"oo$. It i& a t/'e o)
L&ocia$ '"obiaM &imi$ar to
a,ora'"obia ?)ear o)
,oin, out&ide t"e "omeA
. Coun&e$in,.
2. Ha#e t"e c"i$dren tran&)erred to anot"er
c$a&&room or 'er"a'& eBcu&ed )rom a
di&$i;ed &ituation &uc" a& &"o0erin,.
5. Rein)orcement b/ 'arent& to ,o to &c"oo$.
!. Gradua$ 'ro,ram o) &c"oo$ in#o$#ement@
&uc" a& 0a$;in, to &c"oo$ but not ,oin, in
)or one da/@ t"en ,oin, to &c"oo$ but
&ta/in, )or on$/ "our t"e neBt da/@ t"en
&ta/in, )or "a$) da/@ and &o on@ unti$ t"e
c"i$d can &ta/ a$$ da/ e#er/ da/.
D. %&/c"iatric t"era'/ i) t"e c"i$d "a&
di<cu$t/ in ,oin, to &c"oo$.
. To "e$' t"e &c"oo$9a,e to mana,e t"e
&ituation.
2. To &to' t"e &c"oo$ re&i&tance.
5. T"i& 0a/ "e$'& to 're#ent 'rob$em& &uc"
a& &c"oo$ )ai$ure@ 'eer ridicu$e@ or a 'attern
o) a#oidin, di<cu$tie&.
!. T"i& 0a/ 0"ere t"e 0i$$ not re)u&e to ,o to
&c"oo$.
D. To re&o$#e t"eir di<cu$tie& 0it" &c"oo$.
F. L-TCH:.H
CHIL*R.N
Sc"oo$c"i$dren 0"o are
0it"out adu$t &u'er#i&ion
)or 'art o) eac" 0ee;da/.
. .ducate 'arent& about &uc" &er#ice&
2. Foinin, 'ro,ram& $i;e Scout& and cam'2re
,ir$&.
. So t"at c"i$dren can )ee$ bot" &a)e and
&timu$ated creati#e$/ durin, t"i& time.
2. To "e$' c"i$dren ad6u&t to bein, "ome
D
5. Or,ani7in, "ot $ine number&.
!. Hea$t" #i&it&.
D. :no0& 0"at to do and 0"o to ca$$ in t"e
e#ent o) a 2re@ a medica$ cri&i&@ a
&u&'iciou& &tran,er at t"e door or ot"er
emer,enc/. Coac" teen& on "o0 to
re&'ond to eac" o) t"e&e &ituation&.
Con&'icuou&$/ 'o&t emer,enc/ te$e'"one
number& on t"e re)ri,erator and b/ e#er/
'"one in t"e "ou&e@ and be &ure t"e/
;no0 at $ea&t t0o e&ca'e route& )rom t"e
"ome.
a$one.
5. So t"at t"e c"i$d can ca$$ i) a 'rob$em
ari&e&.
!. -&&e&& 0"et"er 'arent& and a c"i$d a''ear
to "a#e a 'rob$em 0it" or are
uncom)ortab$e about a)ter&c"oo$
arran,ement&.
D. To a#oid an/ accident& and "a7ard&. -nd
)or t"e &a)et/.
G. S.K .*UC-TION i& in&truction on i&&ue&
re$atin, to "uman
&eBua$it/@ inc$udin,
"uman &eBua$ anatom/@
&eBua$ re'roduction@
&eBua$ acti#it/@
re'roducti#e "ea$t"@
emotiona$ re$ation&@
re'roducti#e ri,"t& and
re&'on&ibi$itie&@ &eBua$
ab&tinence@ and birt"
contro$. Common
a#enue& )or &eB
education are 'arent& or
care,i#er&@ )orma$ &c"oo$
'ro,ram&@ and 'ub$ic
"ea$t" cam'ai,n&.
. %arent& 0ant to 'ro#ide t"e ,uidance and
;no0$ed,e t"eir c"i$dren need to become
re&'on&ib$e and "a''/ adu$t&.
2. %ro#ide correct in)ormation.
5. Start con#er&ation&.
!. S"are t"eir be$ie)&@ concern& and #a$ue&.
D. -n&0er que&tion& "one&t$/. Te$$ /our
c"i$dren 0"at t"e/ 0ant to ;no0 u&in,
0ord& t"e/ can under&tand.
. So t"at t"e 're&c"oo$er 0ou$d ;no0 about
&eB education.
2. Studie& &"o0 t"at /oun, 'eo'$e tend to
obtain mo&t o) t"eir in)ormation ?or
mi&in)ormationA about &eBua$it/ )rom
)riend&.
5. Some c"i$dren ne#er a&; about &eBua$it/.
!. Hour c"i$dren need to ;no0 0"ere /ou
&tand.
D. %ro#idin, c"i$dren and /out" 0it" t"e
;no0$ed,e and &;i$$& t"e/ need to en&ure
"ea$t"/ &eBua$ de#e$o'ment.
H. ST.-LING I& ta;in, t"in,& t"at
be$on, to ot"er& 0it"out
t"eir 'ermi&&ion. T"e act
i& common in /oun,
c"i$dren becau&e t"e/
tend to be &e$)9centered
and )ee$ t"at it i& a$$ ri,"t
to ta;e 0"at t"e/ 0ant
)rom ot"er&. - c"i$d1&
true under&tandin, o) t"e
conce't o) &tea$in,
. C"i$dren &"ou$d be a&;ed "o0 t"e/ came.
2. C"i$dren &"ou$d t"en be denied acce&& to
&tore& unti$ t"e/ demon&trate more
re&'on&ibi$it/.
5. Coun&e$in, )or a c"i$d 0"o &"o'$i)t& more
t"an once.
!. %arent& &"ou$d &et a ,ood eBam'$e@ i) t"e/
eB'ect t"eir c"i$d to be "one&t.
D. .B'$ain t"at &tea$in, mean& ta;in,
&omet"in, t"at be$on,& to &omeone e$&e
and t"at it i& 0ron,@ unacce'tab$e and
. To 'o&&e&& t"e artic$e and &"ou$d not
a$$o0ed to u&e it.
2. For 'ro'er demon&tration )or 0"at i& ,ood
or bad.
5. To in)orm t"e c"i$d about 'ro'ert/ ri,"t&.
!. So t"at c"i$d 0ou$d be "one&t.
D. For t"em to under&tand t"e conce't o)
'ro'ert/ to rea$i7e t"at t"e/ are &tea$in,.
-nd t"i& i& not ,ood "abit.
6
u&ua$$/ occur& bet0een
t"e a,e& o) 2#e and
&e#en. B/ t"i& time@
c"i$dren can under&tand
t"e idea o) o0ner&"i'
and rea$i7e t"at ta;in,
t"in,& t"at be$on, to
ot"er& i& 0ron,.
di&"one&t. C$ari)/ t"at 0"en an indi#idua$
ta;e& &omet"in, 0it"out a&;in, or 'a/in,
)or it@ &omeone 0i$$ be "urt. For eBam'$e@ i)
a c"i$d ta;e& &omeoneR& 'enci$@ "e 0i$$ be
unab$e to do "i& 0or;. I) ,ir$1& brace$et i&
&to$en@ &"e mi,"t ,et in troub$e at "ome.
I. IIOL.NC. OR
T.RRORIS+
U&in, or in#o$#in, t"e u&e
o) '"/&ica$ )orce to cau&e
"arm or dama,e to
&omeone or &omet"in,>
&"o0in, #io$ence.
. -&&ure c"i$dren t"e/ are &a)e.
2. Ob&er#e )or &i,n& o) &tre&& &uc" a& &$ee'
di&turbance&@ )ati,ue@ and $ac; o) '$ea&ure
acti#itie&.
5. *o not a$$o0 c"i$dren or ado$e&cent& to
#ie0 )oota,e o) traumatic e#ent& o#er and
o#er.
!. Catc" ne0 'ro,ram& 0it" c"i$dren.
D. %re'are a )ami$/ di&a&ter '$an@ inc$udin,
&uc" t"in,& a& bott$ed 0ater@ b$an;et&@
toi$etrie&@ 'et &u''$ie&@ a''ro'riate
c$ot"in,@ 3a&"$i,"t&@ and in)ormation &uc"
a& 0"at immuni7ation& t"eir c"i$dren "a#e
"ad.
. T"e #io$ence i& i&o$ated to anot"er 'art o)
t"e 0or$d and t"e/ are out o) dan,er.
2. +a/ a &i,n o) dru, abu&e.
5. T"i& decrea&e& t"eir abi$it/ to )ee$ &a)e.
!. So t"e/ can eB'$ain t"at t"e &ituation
'ortra/ed i& not near t"em and t"at t"eir
c"i$d i& &a)e.
D. So t"at t"i& item& are read/ in ca&e o)
emer,enc/.
F. BULLHING I& re'eated #erba$@
'"/&ica$@ &ocia$ or
'&/c"o$o,ica$ be"a#iour
t"at i& "arm)u$ and
in#o$#e& t"e mi&u&e o)
'o0er b/ an indi#idua$ or
,rou' to0ard& one or
more 'er&on&.
. -d#i&e 'arent& to di&cu&& bu$$/in, 0it"
t"eir &c"oo$9a,e c"i$d and te$$ t"em "o0 it
&"ou$d be re'orted.
2. Su'er#i&e recreation 'eriod& c$o&e$/.
5. In&i&t t"at i) &uc" be"a#ior doe& not &to'@
bot" &c"oo$ and 'arent& 0i$$ become
in#o$#ed.
!. T"era'/ ma/ be needed.
D. Ta$; to /our c"i$d about &ome o) t"e
di4erent 0a/& o) dea$in, 0it" bu$$/in,
be"a#ior and 0"/ t"e&e 0or;.
. So t"at adu$t& can inter#ene about
bu$$/in,.
2. Su'er#i&ion 0ou$d a 0a/ )or t"e c"i$d to
a#oided )rom an/ bu$$/in,.
5. For ear$/ inter#ention on bu$$/in, to &to'.
!. To correct bu$$/in, be"a#ior i) it i&
in,rained.
D. T"i& 0i$$ "e$' /our c"i$d )ee$ more
con2dent and $e&& 'o0er$e&& about bein,
bu$$ied.
:. R.CR.-TION-L
*RUG US.
*ru, ?a& cocaine@
mari6uana@ or
met"am'"etamineA u&ed
0it"out medica$
6u&ti2cation )or it&
'&/c"oacti#e e4ect&
. %arent& &"ou$d &u&'ect ,$ue &ni<n, or
&ome ot"er )orm o) recreationa$ dru, u&e.
2. Coun&e$ c"i$dren about abu&e o) &teroid&.
5. Ci,arette ad#erti&in, &"ou$d be tau,"t.
!. Caution c"i$dren a,ain&t eB'erimentin,
0it" &mo;e$e&& tobacco a& 0e$$ a& t"i& can
. For ear$/ coun&e$in, o) c"i$d.
2. -bu&e o) &teroid& $ead& to cardio#a&cu$ar
irre,u$aritie&@ uncontro$$ab$e
a,,re&&i#ene&&@ and 'o&&ib$e cancer in
$ater $i)e.
5. To reco,ni7e ad#erti&in, mani'u$ation
O
o)ten in t"e be$ie) t"at
occa&iona$ u&e o) &uc" a
&ub&tance i& not "abit9
)ormin, or addicti#e.
$ead to mout" and t"roat cancer.
D. Hea$t" 'ro)e&&iona$& and 'arent& need to
be ro$e mode$& in di&coura,in, u&e o)
tobacco.
aimed at t"em.
!. To a#oid an/ ;ind o) di&ea&e& t"at $ead& to
cancer.
D. So t"at &c"oo$9a,e 0ou$d )o$$o0 t"eir ,ood
eBam'$e&.
L. CHIL*R.N OF
-LCOHOLIC
%-R.NTS
-$co"o$i&m and ot"er
dru, addiction tend to
run in )ami$ie&. C"i$dren
o) addicted 'arent& are
more at ri&; )or
a$co"o$i&m and ot"er
dru, abu&e t"an are
ot"er c"i$dren.
. S'ea; to t"e 'arent& about t"e concern&
and obtain t"eir #ie0& about t"e &ituation
and 0"at
&er#ice& ( &u''ort t"e/ t"in; t"e/ need.
2. .ncoura,e /our 'arent to ta$; about
'o&&ib$e rea&on& )or t"e de're&&ion t"at
)ue$& it.
5. Get out i) /our 'arent become& abu&i#e.
Ha#e emer,enc/ number& read/ to
)a&t dia$ on /our '"one.
:no0 0"o to contact and 0"ere to
,o i) /ou need a &a)e "a#en. +a;e
&ure /ou "a#e enou," mone/ to
,et /ou to &a)et/@ 0e$$ "idden.
*o not "e&itateSnobod/ de&er#e&
to be "armed@ no matter 0"at t"e
re$ation&"i'. Hou are not bein,
di&$o/a$
C"en /ou &ee; to 'rotect /our&e$).
!. *o not be a)raid to te$$ &omeone.
D. Rea$i7e t"at /our 'arent8& a$co"o$i&m i&
Not /our )au$t.
. To e#a$uate t"e &eriou&ne&& o) t"e
in)ormation a#ai$ab$e.
2. S"o0in, com'a&&ion i& not t"e &ame t"in,
a& to$eratin, or enab$in, /our 'arent.
5. Hou need to ,et out be)ore t"in,& e&ca$ate
or continue t"e 0a/ t"e/ are i) t"e abu&e
"a& been "a''enin, )or a 0"i$e.
!. -nd ;no0in, t"ere i& &omeone 0"o ;no0&
0"at /ou8re ,oin, t"rou," can be #er/
com)ortin, i) t"in,& ,et rou,".
D. +an/ a$co"o$ic 'arent& b$ame t"eir
c"i$dren )or t"eir a$co"o$i&m. .#en 0it"out
"a#in, t"e 2n,er 'ointed at /ou@ it ma/
)ee$ $i;e t"e )au$t i& /our&. It i&n8t. Hour
'arent i& t"e one 0"o c"oo&e& to drin;@
not /ou.
+. OB.SITH Obe&it/ i& a&&ociated
0it" a "i," ca$orie inta;e
and $o0 $e#e$ o) '"/&ica$
acti#it/. T"e recent
increa&e in t"e incidence
o) c"i$d"ood and
ado$e&cent obe&it/ i&
t"ou,"t to be re$ated to
t"e increa&ed
con&um'tion o) )a&t )ood&
and &u,ar9&0eetened
be#era,e& and decrea&ed
. Inta;e o) about 200 ca$orie& 0it" $i)e&t/$e
c"an,e& &uc" a& a &tructured )ami$/ mea$@
e$iminatin, eatin, or &nac;in, in )ront o)
t"e te$e#i&ion@ decrea&ed 'ortion &i7e&@
and e$imination o) &u,ar9ric" drin;&.
2. -n acti#e eBerci&e 'ro,ram@ inc$udin, &uc"
t"in,& a& monitorin, and $imitin, time
&'ent in '"/&ica$ inacti#it/.
5. Coun&e$in, 'ro,ram.
!. Be"a#ior modi2cation can a$&o be u&e)u$ in
teac"in, c"i$dren "o0 to eat in a "ea$t"ier
manner.
. Inta;e o) more t"an 200 ca$orie& and
more t"an "i," )at ma/ cau&e obe&it/.
2. -cti#it/ &uc" a&@ 0atc"in, TI@ '$a/in,
com'uter and #ideo ,ame&@ &ur2n, t"e
internet@ and ta$;in, on t"e te$e'"one
0"ic" can $ead to obe&it/.
5. To di&cu&& a&'ect& &uc" a& &e$)9ima,e and
moti#ation to reduce 0ei,"t.
!. To a#oid obe&it/.
D. .Berci&e burn& u' ca$orie&.
6. To a#oid obe&it/.
E
'"/&ica$ acti#it/ D. .ncoura,e t"em to increa&e in)orma$
eBerci&e@ &uc" a& 0a$;in, to and )rom
&c"oo$.
6. Li)e&t/$e c"an,e&.
Li&t t"e ro$e& o) t"e nur&e in t"e care o) a )ami$/ 0it" an i$$ &c"oo$ a,e c"i$d
a. Nutrition
-$$o0 c"oice& o) )ood and re&'ect )ood 're)erence&.
%ro#ide& &ma$$ )ood &er#in,& t"at c"i$d can 2ni&"@ encoura,in, &en&e o) accom'$i&"ment.
b. *re&&in,
-$$o0 c"i$d to ma;e out requi&ition& )or &u''$ie&.
-&; )or &u,,e&tion& re,ardin, "o0 bu$;/ t"e c"i$d 0ant& dre&&in,@ 0"ere to a''$/ ta'e.
c. +edicine
Teac" c"i$d name and action o) medicine.
.ncoura,e c"i$d to ;ee' trac; o) medication time& b/ c$oc; or record.
C"i$d ma/ )ee$ more in contro$ o) in6ection& or II in&ertion& i) a$$o0ed to c"oo&e t"e &ite )rom amon, o'tion& o4ered.
-$$o0 c"i$d to c"oo&e ora$ medicine )orm ?ca'&u$e& or $iquidA i) 'o&&ib$e.
d. Re&t
.&tab$i&" c$ear ru$e& )or re&t 'eriod& ?readin, or 0atc"in, te$e#i&ion i& a$$ ri,"t= '$a/in, a ,ame& i& not@ etc.A
e. H/,iene
Re&'ect mode&t/ o) &c"oo$9a,e c"i$d at an adu$t $e#e$.
-$$o0 a& muc" c"oice a& 'o&&ib$e &uc" a& o0n c$ot"in,@ timin, o) &e$)9care.
). %ain
.ncoura,e c"i$d to eB're&& and rate 'ain.
.ncoura,e c"i$d to u&e di&traction tec"nique&@ &uc" a& countin, bac;0ard )rom 00 or ima,er/@ durin, e'i&ode& o) 'ain.
.B'$ain &ource and cau&e o) 'ain to ,i#e c"i$d &en&e o) ma&ter/.
,. Stimu$ation
.ncoura,e &c"oo$ 0or;.
.ncoura,e acti#it/ t"at end& in a 'roduct ?'uttin, to,et"er a 'icture 'u77$e rat"er t"an $i&tenin, to a C*A.
.ncoura,e 'a'er9and9'enci$ ,ame&@ &uc" a& connect t"e dot&@ tic tac toe.
Card ,ame& 'ro#ide &ocia$ interaction and a$&o encoura,e &im'$e addition &;i$$& ?ma;e a dec; )rom 'a'er i) one i& not a#ai$ab$eA.
*o not &u,,e&t com'etiti#e ,ame& )or c"i$dren $e&& t"an a,e 0 /ear&.
.ncoura,e u&in, '$a/room )or &ocia$i7ation&.
.ncoura,e c"i$d to ;ee' in contact 0it" &c"oo$ )riend& b/ te$e'"onin, or teBt me&&a,in,.
P
Common be"a#iora$ 'rob$em&( 'arenta$ concern& )or an ado$e&cent
*e&cri'tion +ana,ement Rationa$e
-. HH%.RT.NSIO
N
abnorma$$/ "i," arteria$
b$ood 're&&ure t"at i&
u&ua$$/ indicated b/ an
adu$t &/&to$ic b$ood
're&&ure o) !0 mm H,
or ,reater or a dia&to$ic
b$ood 're&&ure o) P0 mm
H, or ,reater
. Reduce Sa$t Inta;e
2. .Berci&e Re,u$ar$/
5. Limit a$co"o$ inta;e
!. Sto' &mo;in,
D. +ana,e &tre&&
. Limitin, t"e amount o) &odium ?&a$tA in t"e
diet can a$&o "e$' contro$ "i," b$ood
're&&ure
2. -n acti#e $i)e&t/$e i& one o) t"e be&t 0a/&
to 're#ent or contro$ "i," b$ood 're&&ure=
In addition to it& e4ect& on "/'erten&ion@
re,u$ar eBerci&e can a$&o "e$' /ou
maintain a "ea$t"/ 0ei,"t and reduce
&tre&&
5. *rin;in, a$co"o$ in moderation i& ,enera$$/
not "arm)u$ and ma/ e#en "a#e &ome
"eart "ea$t" bene2t&@ but drin;in, too
muc" "a& been &"o0n to $ead to "i,"
b$ood 're&&ure and ot"er &eriou& "ea$t"
'rob$em&
!. Smo;in, i& not con&idered to be a cau&e o)
"i," b$ood 're&&ure@ but it can dama,e t"e
0a$$& o) /our b$ood #e&&e$& and "arden
/our arterie&@ ma;in, it e&'ecia$$/
dan,erou& )or 'eo'$e 0"o "a#e "i," b$ood
're&&ure
D. Stre&& can cau&e tem'orar/ increa&e& in
"i," b$ood 're&&ure@ but &cienti&t& are &ti$$
un&ure "o0 &tre&& a4ect& b$ood 're&&ure
o#er t"e $on, term
B. %OOR
%OSTUR.
t"ere i& an im'er)ect
re$ation&"i' amon,
#ariou& &;e$eta$
&tructure& o) t"e bod/@
and t"i& ma/ 'roduce
&train on t"e bod/1&
&u''ortin, )rame0or;
. C"en &tandin, t"e "ead i& &tac;ed
&quare$/ abo#e t"e c"e&t and t"e 'e$#i& i&
direct$/ o#er t"e center o) t"e ;nee& and
an;$e&
2. U&in, er,onomic c"air& and tab$e& at 0or;
5. Li)t "ea#/ ob6ect& b/ '$acin, /our "and&
under it ?&uc" a& a boBA and@ 0it" ;nee&
bent@ en,a,e t"e t"i,"& and ab& to $i)t
!. U&e a c"air t"at "a& a cu&"ion t"at
&u''ort& /our u''er bac;
. He$'& correct &$ouc"in,
2. %re#ent or reduce t"e "unc"bac; &"a'e o)
;/'"o&i&
5. To 're#ent &trainin, t"e bac;
!. It 0i$$ "e$' 're#ent arc"in, t"e $o0 bac;
into $ordo&i&
C. BO*H
%I.RCING
t"e 'ractice or an
in&tance o) adornin, t"e
. C"en teen& eB're&& a de&ire to ,et a
tattoo@ man/ 'arent& initia$$/ "a#e a
. T"e be&t cour&e o) action i& )or 'arent& to
'ut a&ide t"e&e ne,ati#e )ee$in,& and
20
-N* T-TTOOS bod/ 0it" 6e0e$r/ or
ornamentation t"at
'enetrate& t"e 3e&"
&tron, ne,ati#e reaction
2. Tr/ to 2nd a com'romi&e
5. Ta$;in, to &omeone 0"o "a& a tattoo or a
bod/9'iercin,
&tri#e to o'en a dia$o, 0it" t"eir /out"
about t"eir rea&on& )or 0antin, a tattoo
2. I) t"e c"i$d 0ant& a #er/ #i&ib$e or #er/
$ar,e tattoo or bod/9'iercin, t"at t"e
'arent don1t 0ant "im or "er to ,et@ t"e
'arent mi,"t com'romi&e on it& &i7e or
$ocation
5. To ,et a di4erent 'er&'ecti#e
*. F-TIGU. t"e tem'orar/ $o&& o)
'o0er to re&'ond
induced in a &en&or/
rece'tor or motor end
or,an b/ continued
&timu$ation
. Tr/ ta;in, a )e0 &"ort re&t& or L'o0er
na'&M@ t"rou," t"e da/
2. %rioriti7in, acti#itie&
5. Ha#e a ,ood@ re$aBed 'o&ture
!. Combinin, &en&ib$e eBerci&e 0it" a
ba$anced diet
D. Re9or,ani7in, de&;& or cu'board&@ or
ad6u&tin, t"e tem'erature or $i,"tin,
. Re&t "e$'& re$ie#e )ati,ue and i& an
im'ortant 'art o) )ati,ue mana,ement=
Re&tin, can 're#ent one ,ettin, to a 'oint
o) com'$ete eB"au&tion and comin, to a
&udden "a$t@ mid ta&;
2. Can mean /ou &a#e ener,/ )or t"e t"in,&
/ou rea$$/ 0ant or need to do
5. :ee'in, a ,ood 'o&ture ta;e& 'ractice@ but
0it" time it can become ea&ier@ a& t"e
bod/ re9a$i,n& it&e$)@ and it can "e$' /ou
&a#e ener,/
!. Can "e$' one maintain a "ea$t"/ 0ei,"t
and ,et t"e ener,/ one need
D. Sometime&@ t"e &im'$e&t o) c"an,e& can
ma;e t"e 0or;'$ace or "ome more ener,/
e<cient )or one indi#idua$
.. +.NSTRU-TI
ON
a di&c"ar,in, o) b$ood@
&ecretion&@ and ti&&ue
debri& )rom t"e uteru&
t"at recur& in non9
're,nant "uman and
ot"er 'rimate )ema$e& o)
breedin, a,e at
a''roBimate$/ mont"$/
inter#a$& and t"at i&
con&idered to re're&ent a
read6u&tment o) t"e
uteru& to t"e non9
're,nant &tate )o$$o0in,
'ro$i)erati#e c"an,e&
accom'an/in, t"e
'recedin, o#u$ation
. +an/ ,ir$& "a#e cram'&@ t/'ica$$/ in t"e
$o0er abdomen or bac;@ 0"en t"eir
'eriod& be,in. Ot"er &/m'tom& mi,"t
inc$ude b$oatin,@ tender brea&t&@
"eadac"e&@ )ati,ue@ mood &0in,& or )ood
cra#in,&. .Berci&e@ 0arm bat"&@ a "eatin,
'ad or an o#er9t"e9counter 'ain re$ie#er.
2. .B'$ain "o0 to u&e &anitar/ 'ad& or
tam'on& and t"e im'ortance o) c"an,in,
t"em at $ea&t e#er/ t"ree to )our "our&.
5. .ncoura,e /our dau,"ter to carr/ a )e0
'ad& or tam'on& in "er bac;'ac; or 'ur&e
J or ;ee' a &u''$/ in "er $oc;er.
!. For "ea#/ b$eedin, and 'ain in
men&truation@ ta;in, No#er t"e counter1
'eriod 'ain re$ie) medication&@ &uc" a&
. Can "e$' ea&e an/ di&com)ort.
2. For t"em to )ee$ com)ortab$e.
5. In ca&e t"e/ men&truate at &c"oo$.
!. To re$ie#e 'ain and a$&o reduce t"e amount
o) b$ood $o&& eac" mont".
D. *urin, men&truation@ it &"ou$d be c$ean to
a#oid an/ unu&ua$ odor in t"e bod/.
2
Na'ro,e&ic and %on&tan.
D. .ncoura,e maintainin, o) c$ean$ine&&.
F. -CN. a di&order o) t"e &;in
cau&ed b/ in3ammation
o) t"e &;in ,$and& and
"air )o$$ic$e&= &'eci2ca$$/@
a )orm )ound c"ie3/ in
ado$e&cent& and mar;ed
b/ 'im'$e& e&'ecia$$/ on
t"e )ace
. Hi,"9'rotein@ $o0S,$/cemic $oad diet
2. Ca&" t0ice a da/ and a)ter &0eatin,
5. Scrubbin, t"e &;in can ma;e acne 0or&e
!. Sta/ out o) t"e &un and tannin, bed&
. decrea&ed t"e tota$ amount o) acne
$e&ion&@
2. %er&'iration@ e&'ecia$$/ 0"en 0earin, a
"at or "e$met@ can ma;e acne 0or&e@ &o
0a&" t"e &;in a& &oon a& 'o&&ib$e a)ter
&0eatin,
5. U&in, a 0a&"c$ot"@ me&" &'on,e or
an/t"in, e$&e can irritate t"e &;in
!. -#oid t"e tem'tation to &crub t"e &;in
G. OB.SITH a condition t"at i&
c"aracteri7ed b/
eBce&&i#e accumu$ation
and &tora,e o) )at in t"e
bod/ and t"at in an adu$t
i& t/'ica$$/ indicated b/ a
bod/ ma&& indeB o) 50 or
,reater
. Lo&e t"e &oda( carbonated be#era,e&
2. +a;e #e,etab$e and )ruit& #i&ib$e and
acce&&ib$e
5. .ncoura,e brea;)a&t e#er/ da/
!. *on8t ;ee' an/ 6un; )ood in t"e "ou&e
. One teen 0ei,"t 'ro,ram in Ca$i)ornia "ad
a $ot o) &ucce&& 6u&t b/ a&;in, o#er0ei,"t
teen& to cut out &oda& and &'ort& drin;&
and to re'$ace t"em 0it" 0ater
2. .atin, more )ruit& and #e,etab$e& and
)e0er "i,"9ca$orie@ $o09nutrient &nac;& and
&0eet& 0i$$ "e$' /our teen )ee$ )u$$ and
con&ume )e0er ca$orie&= Ha#e )ruit& and
#e,,ie& cut@ c$ean@ and 0aitin, in t"e )ront
o) t"e )rid,e &o t"e/8re ea&/ to 2nd and
eat
5. Teen& 0i$$ o)ten ,i#e u' brea;)a&t to &$ee'
$ater@ but t"i& $ead& to o#ereatin, at
$unc"time and 6un;9)ood cra#in,& $ater in
t"e da/= So i) t"e teen i& ru&"in, out t"e
door@ "and "im or "er a &moot"ie made
out o) /o,urt and )re&" )ruit@ or an a''$e
and a 0ed,e o) c"ee&e@ to eat on t"e 0a/
to &c"oo$
!. -$t"ou," /ou "a#e $imited contro$ o) 0"at
/our o#er0ei,"t teen eat& out&ide t"e
"ome@ one can o4er $ot& o) "ea$t"/ c"oice&
)or &nac;in, in t"e "ome
H. S.KU-LITH
-N* S.KU-L
-CTIIITH
eB're&&ion o) &eBua$
rece'ti#it/ or intere&t
e&'ecia$$/ 0"en
eBce&&i#e= t"e condition
o) "a#in, &eB
. O4er &u''ort to ado$e&cent& 0"o are
"a#in, di<cu$t/ te$$in, t"eir 'arent& about
t"eir 'ercei#ed &eBua$ orientation.
2. -&; ado$e&cent& i) t"e/ "a#e an/
que&tion& or 'rob$em& t"e/ 0ant to
. So t"at 'arent& 0ou$d di&co#er 0"at
ado$e&cent& $i;e ,oin, to &a/.
2. To "e$' ado$e&cent& a0are about &eB
education.
5. To "e$' ado$e&cent& to ;no0 0"at are t"e
22
di&cu&&.
5. -&; i) t"e/ are intere&ted in $earnin, more
about contrace'tion.
!. %ro#ide in)ormation on date ra'e and ra'e
're#ention.
D. *i&cu&&in, &eBua$ be"a#ior.
u&e o) t"i& contrace'ti#e& and 0"/ it mu&t
be u&ed.
!. So t"at ado$e&cent& 0ou$d be 're#ented in
an/ ra'e.
D. -do$e&cent& are "i,"9ri&; a,e ,rou' )or
date ra'e.
I. ST-L:ING to )o$$o0@ 0atc"@ and
bot"er ?&omeoneA
con&tant$/ in a 0a/ t"at
i& )ri,"tenin, and
dan,erou&
. -d#i&in, ado$e&cent& not to 'ut
t"em&e$#e& in 'o&ition& 0"ere t"e/ 0i$$ be
#u$nerab$e to bein, a$one 0it" a &ta$;er.
2. Re'ort &ta$;in, to $a0 en)orcement o<cer&
&o t"e/ can obtain a re&trainin, order.
5. In)orm ot"er&. T"e/ &"ou$d be encoura,ed
to noti)/ t"e 'o$ice and to ad#i&e )ami$/@
)riend& and 0or; co$$ea,ue& and
nei,"bour& 0"ere a''ro'riate.
!. +aintain a Record. T"e #ictim &"ou$d
mainta in a detai$ed record o) eac"
encounter 0it" t"e &ta$;er. Inc$uded in t"i&
record o) incident& &"ou$d be date&@ time&@
$ocation&@ com'$ete de&cri'tion o) t"e
o4ender@ 0ord& &'o;en@ action& ta;en
durin, t"e incident@ action& ta;en
a)ter0ard and name& o) 0itne&&e&. T"e
#ictim ma/ a$&o 0i&" to ta'e record
t"reat& made o#er t"e te$e'"one or in
direct encounter&.
D. Tr/ not to tra#e$ a$one and a$0a/& #ar/
/our route&. Con&ider carr/in, a ce$$u$ar
'"one 0it" /ou.
. For )urt"er ;no0$ed,e and be a0are o) t"i&
;ind o) acti#it/.
2. To 're#ent t"e &ta$;er )rom comin, near
t"em an/ $on,er.
5. In)ormin, &i,ni2cant ot"er& "e$'&
,a$#ani&e &u''ort and 'rotection )or t"e
#ictim@ 're#ent& t"e un0ittin, di&c$o&ure o)
in)ormation to t"e &ta$;er and enab$e&
ot"er& 0"o ma/ a$&o be at ri&; to ta;e
nece&&ar/ 'recaution&.
!. +aintainin, a record 0i$$ a$$o0 t"e #ictim
to re)re&" t"eir memor/ about t"e
incident&
&"ou$d t"e/ need to 'ro#ide in)ormation to
t"e 'o$ice or te&ti)/ in court.
Sta$;er 0ou$d tem' in &ta$;in, i) an
indi#idua$ i& a$one.
F. H-TING t"e 'ractice o) '$a/in,
un'$ea&ant tric;& on
&omeone or )orcin,
&omeone to do
un'$ea&ant t"in,&= an
initiation 'roce&&
in#o$#in, "ara&&ment
. Stren,t"en c"i$dren1& re&i$iencie&.
2. Treat e#er/ c"i$d )air$/ and equa$$/.
5. In#o$#e t"e c"i$d in deci&ion ma;in,
!. .n&ure a''ro'riate con2dentia$it/.
D. Com)ort t"e c"i$d. O4er com)ort@
encoura,ement@ and &u''ort.
. C"i$dren 0"o "a#e carin, re$ation&"i'& and
o''ortunitie& )or meanin,)u$ 'artici'ation
in )ami$/ and communit/ $i)e and 0"o &ee
t"em&e$#e& a&
&tron, 0i$$ be more $i;e$/ to reco#er and
"ea$ )rom &eBua$ #io$ence and eB'$oitation.
2. -$$ c"i$dren &"ou$d be o4ered t"e &ame
"i,"9qua$it/ care and treatment@
re,ard$e&& o) t"eir et"nicit/@ re$i,ion@ &eB@
abi$it/(di&abi$it/@ )ami$/ &ituation@
&tatu& o) t"eir 'arent& or care,i#er&@
25
cu$tura$ bac;,round@ or 2nancia$
&ituation@ a4ordin, t"em t"e o''ortunit/
to reac" t"eir )u$$ 'otentia$.
5. C"i$dren "a#e a ri,"t to 'artici'ate in
deci&ion& t"at "a#e im'$ication& in t"eir
$i#e&.
!. I) t"e c"i$d1& "ea$t" or &a)et/ i& at ri&;@
t"ere ma/ be $imit& to con2dentia$it/ to
'rotect t"e c"i$d.
D. +a;e t"e c"i$d )ee$ &a)e and cared )or a&
t"e/ recei#e &er#ice&.
:. SUBST-NC.
-BUS.
a ma$ada'ti#e 'attern o)
&ub&tance u&e $eadin, to
c$inica$$/ &i,ni2cant
im'airment or di&tre&&@
a& mani)e&ted b/ one ?or
moreA o) t"e )o$$o0in,@
occurrin, 0it"in a 29
mont" 'eriod
. He$'in, ado$e&cent& 2nd ot"er met"od&
demon&trate t"eir maturit/@ &uc" a&
a$$o0in, t"em o''ortunitie& )or increa&ed
deci&ion ma;in,@ and em'"a&i7in, t"at
bein, ab$e not to &mo;e i& a &i,n o) true
maturit/.
2. Ur,ed ado$e&cent& to quit ci,arette
&mo;in, t"rou," enro$$in, in a )orma$
ci,arette 0it"dra0a$ 'ro,ram.
5. Be a ro$e mode$ to ado$e&cent& )or t"em to
)o$$o0 in&truction&.
!. .ncoura,e ot"er intere&t& and &ocia$
acti#itie&. .B'o&e /our teen to "ea$t"/
"obbie& and acti#itie&@ &uc" a& team
&'ort& and a)ter&c"oo$ c$ub&.
D. Ta$; to /our c"i$d about under$/in, i&&ue&.
*ru, u&e can be t"e re&u$t o) ot"er
'rob$em&. I& /our c"i$d "a#in, troub$e
2ttin, inQ Ha& t"ere been a recent ma6or
c"an,e@ $i;e a mo#e or di#orce@ 0"ic" i&
cau&in, &tre&&Q
. To ,uide ado$e&cent& about &ub&tance
abu&e and )or t"em to a#oid t"i&.
2. To &to' ado$e&cent& in &mo;in,.
5. For e4ecti#e cam'ai,n a,ain&t t"e "abit
0it" ado$e&cent&.
!. In t"i& acti#it/ "e(&"e 0ou$d not be in dru,
abu&e.
D. For t"em to under&tand and ;no0 0"at1&
t"e ,ood and bad )or t"em.
L. RUN-C-HS &omeone ?&uc" a& a
c"i$dA 0"o $ea#e& "ome
0it"out 'ermi&&ion=
&omeone 0"o run& a0a/
)rom "ome
. Teac" %rob$em9So$#in, S;i$$&
2. Create an atmo&'"ere o) acce'tance
5. Ta$; to t"e c"i$d i) "e or &"e i& at ri&; o)
runnin,
!. C"en t"e/ come bac;@ ,i#e t"em time to
&ett$e bac; in
. T"e mo&t im'ortant t"in, /ou can do i&
teac" c"i$dren 'rob$em &o$#in, &;i$$&
2. Unconditiona$ $o#e i& an idea t"at i& u&ed a
$ot in 'arentin,@ but di4erent 'eo'$e mean
di4erent t"in,& b/ it
5. -$0a/& tem'er comment& about ot"er
;id&1 be"a#ior b/ 0"at t"e c"i$d mi,"t be
t"in;in,
2!
!. Let t"em ;no0 /ou1#e been 0orried and
t"at /ou need to ta$; about 0"at "a& been
"a''enin,
Bib$io,ra'"/
. B$ac;@ F. and Ha0;&@ F. ?200EA. +edica$9&ur,ica$ nur&in, c$inica$ mana,ement )or 'o&iti#e outcome&. Et" edition. Sin,a'ore> .$&e#ier %te.
2. Gou$d@ B. ?2006A. %at"o'"/&io$o,/ )or t"e "ea$t" 'ro)e&&iona$&@ 5rd edition. Sin,a'ore> .$&e#ier.
5. I,nata#iciu&@ * U Cor;man@ L. ?200A. +edica$9&ur,ica$ nur&in,. 6t" edition. St. Loui&@ +I> Saunder& .$&e#ier.
!. Lemone@ % U Bur;e@ :. ?200!A. +edica$9&ur,ica$ nur&in, critica$ t"in;in, in c$ient care. Sin,a'ore> %ear&on .ducation.
D. %ort"@ C. ?200OA. .&&entia$& o) %at"o'"/&io$o,/. 2nd edition. Ne0 Hor;@ NH> Li''incott Ci$$iam& U Ci$;in&.
6. Sme$t7er@ et@ a$. ?200A. Brunner and Suddart"1& TeBtboo; o) medica$9&ur,ica$ nur&in,. 2t" edition. NH> Ne0 Hor;> Li''incott Ci$$iam& U Ci$;in&.
2D