Li m u

Trong qu trnh hc tp, hc sinh khng ch luyn tp cc bi tp dng

trc nghim m cng th!"ng ph#i $i%t cc bi lun &' &nh gi kh# n(ng
s) d*ng ngn ng+, -.y l m/t bi tp th!"ng g.y kh0 kh(n cho hc sinh
$ khng ch &nh gi kh# n(ng thng tho ngn ng+ m c1n ki'm tr2
ki%n th3c, kh# n(ng suy lun, di4n gi#i $5n &6 m/t cch logic c72 hc
sinh,
89c bi lun m:u ti%ng ;nh8 l ngu<n ti liu th2m kh#o cho hc sinh,
&!=c tr>ch r2 t? @irst ABCs, b2o g<m r5t nhi6u cc ch7 &6 thDc t% khc
nh2u, giEp hc sinh c0 th' $n d*ng, &i6u chnh $ $i%t m/t cch tD tin
hFn,
9h c0 m/t sG bi lun &Hu c0 bi dIch m:u &' g=i J hc sinh, cc bi s2u
khng c0 &' hc sinh tD luyn tp $ rKn luyn phong cch $i%t riLng cho
mnh,
Mi $ng ti liu ny g0p phHn giEp hc sinh hc tp ngy cng tGt hFn $
tD tin hFn $Ni kh# n(ng ti%ng ;nh c72 mnh,
Phn 1
Life in the city
Bi mu
OiPB in thB city is Pull oP 2cti$ity,
Q2rly in thB morning hundrBds oP
pBoplB rush out oP thBir homBs in
thB m2nnBr 2nts do ChBn thBir
nBst is brokBn, Roon thB strBBts
2rB Pull oP tr2PPic, Rhops 2nd
oPPicBs opBn, studBnts Plock to
thBir schools 2nd thB d2ySs Cork
bBgins, ThB city noC throb Cith
2cti$ity, 2nd it is Pull oP noisB,
MundrBds oP sightTsBBrs, tourists
2nd othBrs $isit m2ny pl2cBs oP
intBrBst in thB city ChilB
businBssmBn Prom $2rious p2rts oP
thB Corld 2rri$B to tr2ns2ct
businBss,
ThBn toC2rds B$Bning, thB oPPicBs
2nd d2y schools bBgin to closB,
U2ny oP thB shops too closB,
ThBrB is noC 2 rush Por busBs 2nd
othBr mB2ns oP tr2nsport,
Q$BryonB sBBms to bB in 2 hurry
to rB2ch homB, ;s 2 rBsult oP this
Bi dch
9u/c sGng V thnh thI cu/c sGng
V thnh thI r5t nh/n nhIp, T? t"
m" sng hng tr(m ng!"i W2 r2
khXi nh nh! &n ki%n $Y tZ,
9h[ng b2o l.u s2u &!"ng phG
&ng ngh\t ]B c/, 9c c)2 hng
$ $(n ph1ng mV c)2, Mc sinh
hGi h# cp sch &%n tr!"ng $ m/t
ngy lm $ic bt &Hu, ^i" &.y
thnh phG hot &ng nh/n nhIp $
&Hy p ti%ng huyLn no, Mng
tr(m ng!"i ngon c#nh, du khch
$ nhi6u ng!"i khc $i%ng th(m
nh+ng thng c#nh c72 thnh phG
trong khi cc do2nh nh.n t? nhi6u
nFi trLn th% giNi &%n tr2o&Zi cng
$ic lm (n,
Tr"i $6 chi6u, nh+ng $(n ph1ng
$ tr!"ng hc bt &Hu &0ng
c)2, Ahi6u c72 hng cng &ng
c)2, OEc ny di4n r2 m/t cu/c &Z
] &0n ]B buJt $ cc ph!Fng tin
$n chuyLn khc, _!"ng nh! mi
rush, m2ny 2ccidBnts occur, `nB
Cho h2s not bBBn to thB city
bBPorB Pinds it h2rd to mo$B 2bout
2t this timB, Roon, hoCB$Br, thBrB
is 2lmost no 2cti$ity in sB$Br2l
p2rts oP thB city, ThBsB p2rts 2rB
usu2lly thB businBss cBntrBs,
aith thB coming oP night, 2nothBr
kind oP 2ctI$ity bBgins, ThB strBBts
2rB noC Pull oP colorPul lights,
ThB 2ir is coolBr 2nd liPB bBcomBs
morB lBisurBly, bBoplB noC sBBk
BntBrt2inmBnt, U2ny $isit thB
cinBm2s, p2rks 2nd clubs, ChilB
othBrs rBm2in indoors to C2tch
tBlB$ision or listBn to thB r2dio,
RomB $isit PriBnds 2nd rBl2ti$Bs
2nd somB spBnd thBir timB rB2ding
books 2nd m2g2cinBs, ThosB Cho
2rB intBrBstBd in politics discuss
thB l2tBst politic2l dB$BlopmBnts,
;t thB s2mB timB, hundrBds oP
crimBs 2rB committBd, ThiB$Bs
2nd robbBrs Cho C2it Por thB
coming oP night bBcomB 2cti$B,
2nd misPortunB dBscBnds upon
m2ny, @or thB grBBd oP 2 PBC,
m2ny 2rB killBd, 2nd somB li$B in
const2nt PB2r, To bring crimin2ls
to dusticB, thB oPPicBrs oP thB l2C
2rB 2lC2ys on thB mo$B,
aorkBrs 2nd othBrs Cho sBBk
2d$2ncBmBnt in thBir c2rBBrs
2ttBnd Bduc2tion2l institutions
Chich 2rB opBn till l2tB in thB
night, MundrBds oP thBm sit Por
$2rious B]2min2tions B$Bry yB2r,
ThB P2cilitiBs 2nd opportunitiBs
th2t thB pBoplB in thB city h2$B to
PurthBr thBir studiBs 2nd incrB2sB
thBir knoClBdgB oP hum2n 2PP2irs
2rB indBBd m2ny, ;s 2 rBsult, thB
pBoplB oP thB city 2rB usu2lly
bBttBr inPormBd th2n thosB oP thB
$ill2gB, ChBrB B$Bn 2 nBCsp2pBr
is somBtimBs diPPicult to gBt,
ng!"i &6u $/i $e $6 nh, f%t qu
c72 sD,$/i $e ny l nhi6u t2i nn
]#y r2, Ah+ng 2i ch!2 t?ng &%n
thnh phG c#m th5y kh0 m &i li
$o gi" ny, Tuy $g khng b2o
l.u s2u m/t sG khu $Dc c72 thnh
phG nh! ng?ng hot &/ng,
Ah+ng nFi ny th!"ng l cc
trung t.m kinh do2nh,
-Lm ]uGng, m/t hnh th3c hot
&/ng khc li bt &Hu, -!"ng
phG trn ngp nh &Kn mu, hHu
khng kh> dIu ]uGng $ cu/c sGng
trV nLn th! th# hFn, ^i" &.y
ng!"i tm &%n nh+ng thE $ui gi#i
tr>, Ahi6u ng!"i &%n rp chi%u
b0ng, cng $iLn $ c.u lc b/,
trong khi nh+ng ng!"i khc V nh
]Bm ti $i $ nghB &i pht th2nh,
90 ng!"i &i th(m bn bK $ b
con, 90 ng!"i dnh th gi" &c
sch $ tp ch>, Ah+ng
ng!"i qu2n t.m &%n ch>nh trI bn
lun $6 nh+ng sD kin ch>nh trI
n0ng hZi, 9ng trong th"i gi2n
ny, hng tr(m $* tr/m c!Np di4n
r2, Tr/m c!Np ch" &Lm ]uGng &'
hot &/ng, $ $n r7i p ]uGng
nhi6u ng!1i, 9h $ l1ng th2m c72
m/t s >t ng!"i m nhi6u ng!"i si
bI gi%t, $ nhi6u ng!"ikhc ph#i
sGng trong c#nh s= hei tri6n
miLn , -' &!2 t/i phm r2
tr!Nc cng lJ, cc $iLn ch3c lut
php lun lun sjn sng hnh
&/ng,
Ag!"i l2o &/ng $ nh+ng ng!1i
muGn ti%n tri'n trLn con &!"ng
cng
d2nh sD nghip c72 mnh th th2m
gi2 cc l0p hc b2n &Lm, Uki n(m
c0 hng tr(m ng!"i trong sG h
th2m dD $o nhi6u kl thi khc
nh2u, 9c ph!Fng tin $ cF h/i
dnh cho ng!"i d.n thnh thI &'
mV r/ng hc hXi $ gi2 t(ng ki%n
th3c nh.n sinh thDc sD r5t phong
phE, _o &0 ng!"i d.n V thnh phG
lun nm bt thng tin nh2nh h=n
ThB city could, thBrBPorB, bB
dBscribBd 2s 2 pl2cB oP cB2sBlBss
2cti$ity, MBrB, thB dr2m2 oP liPB is
Bn2ctBd B$Bry d2y,
ng!"i d.n $Wng nng thn, nFi
m c0 khi ng2y &%n m/t t" bo
cng kh0 ki%m,
T0m li thnh thI c0 th' n0i l nFi
c72 nh+ng hot &/ng khng
ng?ng ngh, 9h>nh ti &.y $V kIch
cu/c &"i ti di4n mki ngy,
New words:
m, Plock n$op l l!=t kqo &%n, t* tp, qu.y qu2nh
r , throb n$op r/n rng, n0i r/n lLn, rung &/ng
s, sightTsBBr nnop ng!"i &i th2m qu2n
t, tr2ns2ct n$op thDc hin, ti%n hnhu gi#i quy%t
v, mB2ns oP tr2nsportp ph!Fng tin $n chuy'n
w, commit n$op phm ph#i
x, misPortunB nnop r7i ro, sD b5t hnh, &i6u khng m2y
y, dBscBnd upon n$op p ]uGng b5t ng", &%n b5t ng"
z, grBBd nnop t>nh th2m l2m
m{, to bring R,` to dusticBp &Bm 2i r2 t12, truy tG 2i tr!Nc t12
mm, on thB mo$Bp di chuy'n
mr, P2cility nnop &i6u kin thun l=i, ph!Fng tin d4 dng
Living in a multiracial community
Bi mu
Oi$ing in 2 community ChBrB
thBrB 2rB pBoplB oP $2rious r2cBs
could bB 2 rBC2rding 2nd 2n
B]citing B]pBriBncB, Ruch 2
community is likB 2 sm2ll Corld
Cith m2ny typBs 2nd r2cBs oP
pBoplB in it,
Q$BryonB, young or old, Bndoys
listBning to storiBs 2bout pBoplB in
othBr l2nds, aB rB2d books 2nd
nBCsp2pBrs to lB2rn 2bout thB
h2bits, customs 2nd bBliBPso oP
pBoplB Cho do not bBlong to our
r2cB, but ChBn CB li$B in 2
community composBd oP m2ny
r2cBs, CB h2$B thB opportunity to
mBBt 2nd t2lk Cith pBoplB or
$2rious r2cBs, aB c2n lB2rn 2bout
thBir customs 2nd bBliBPs dirBctly
Prom thBm, |n this C2y, C\ h2$B 2
Bi dch
RGng trong m/t c/ng &<ng &2
ch7ng t/c RGng trong m/t c/ng
&<ng m cc c! d.n thu/c nhi6u
ch7ng t/c khc nh2u c0,thL l m/t
tr#i nghim thE $I $ bZ >ch, U/t
c/ng &<ng nh! th% cng giGng
nh! m/t th% giNi thu nhX g<m
nhi6u sc t/c $ ki'u t>nh cch,
T5t c# mt ng!"i, dW gi h2y tr},
&6u th>ch nghB chuyn k' $6
nh+ng ng!"i d.n ]3 khc, 9hEng
t2 &c sch, bo &' bi%t $6 nh+ng
th0i quBn phong t*c $ t>n ng!Yng
c72 cc d.n t/c khc, nh!ng khi
chEng t2 sGng trong m/t c/ng
&<ng &2 sc t/c, chEng t2 c0 cF
h/i g~p gY $ tr1 chuyn $Ni
ng!"i d.n,thu/c nhi6u ch7ng t/c
khc nh2u, 9hEng t2 c0 th' trDc
ti%p hc h0i $6 nh+ng phong t*c
bBttBr undBrst2nding oP thBir C2ys
oP liPB, @or B]2mplB, in Ring2porB
2nd U2l2ysi2, Chich 2rB knoCn 2s
multiTr2ci2l countriBs, U2l2ys,
9hinBsB, |ndi2ns 2nd othBrs h2$B
li$Bd togBthBr Por sB$Br2l dBc2dBs,
ThBy h2$B lB2rnt 2 lot 2bout thB
culturBs oP onB 2nothBr, morB th2n
Ch2t thBy could h2$B lB2rnt by
rB2ding books or nBCsp2pBrs, hy
li$ing togBthBr, thBy h2$B 2lso
2bsorbBd m2ny oP thB h2bits oP
onB 2nothBr to thBir common
bBnBPit,
@urthBr, li$ing in 2 multiTr2ci2l
community tB2chBs us hoC to
rBspBct thB $iBCs 2nd bBliBPs oP
pBoplB oP othBr r2cBs, aB lB2rn to
bB tolBr2nt 2nd to undBrst2nd 2nd
2pprBci2tB thB pBculi2ritiBs oP
thosB Cho 2rB not oP our r2cB, |n
this C2y, CB lB2rn to li$B in pB2cB
2nd h2rmony Cith PorBignBrs
ChosB C2ys oP liPB 2rB diPPBrBnt
Prom ours in sB$Br2l rBspBcts, aB
bBcomB lBss suspicious oP
str2ngBrs 2nd PorBignBrs,
ThB rBl2tionship th2t dB$Blops
2mong thB pBoplB Prom common
undBrst2nding in 2 multiTr2ci2l
community m2kBs liPB in such 2
community $Bry B]citing, ;ny
cBlBbr2tion oP 2ny r2cB bBcomBs 2
cBlBbr2tion oP 2ll thB othBr r2cBs,
Thus, thBrB is 2 lot oP Pun 2nd
B]citBmBnt during B$Bry
cBlBbr2tion, |n this C2y, bBttBr
undBrst2nding is promotBd 2mong
thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld, Through
B2ch oP thB r2cBs oP thB pBoplB in
2 multiTr2ci2l community, CB
comB to knoC 2bout thBir
rBspBcti$B countriBs, @or B]2mplB,
through thB 9hinBsB 2nd thB
|ndi2ns in U2l2ysi2 or Ring2porB
CB h2$B comB to knoC much
2bout 9hin2 2nd |ndi2, ;s 2 rBsult,
CB h2$B 2 bBttBr undBrst2nding oP
$ t>n ng!Yng c72 h, h(ng cch
ny, chEng t2 c0 th' hi'u nhi6u
hFn $6 lGi sGng c72 h, 9h[ng
hn nh! ti Ring2porB $
U2l2ysi2, nh+ng n!Nc &!=c ]Bm
l &2 Rc t/c, ng!"i Ue O2i,
Trung uGc, n -/ $ cc sc
d.n khc &e chung sGng $Ni nh2u
qu2 $i thp k, M &e hc hXi r5t
nhi6u $6 $(n h02 c72 nh2u m
$ic &c sch bo khng ,th' snh
bng, u2 $ic chung sGng $Ni
nh2u, h cng &e ti%p thu nhi6u
tp qun c72 nh2u &% m2ng li l=i
>ch chung cho c/ng &<ng,
ThLm $o &0, cu/c sGng trong
m/t c/ng &<ng &2 sc t/c dy cho
t2 bi%t tn trng qu2n &i'm $ t>n
ng!Yng c72 d.n t/c khc, 9hEng
t2 bi%t kho2n dung, hi'u bi%t $
&nh gi c2o nqt &~c thW c72
nh+ng ng!"i khng thu/c ch7ng
t/c mnh, hng cch ny, chEng t2
hc chung sGng trong h12 bnh $
h12 thun $Ni nh+ng ng!"i ngoi
quGc m lGi sGng c72 h khc
chEng t2 trLn $i ph!Fng din,
9hEng t2 trV nLn >t nghi ngi
nh+ng ng!"i l $ ng!"i n!Nc
ngoi,
UGi qu2n h n#y sinh gi+2 cc
d.n t/c t? sD hi'u bi%t chung
trong m/t c/ng &<ng &2 sc t/c
lm cho cu/c sGng trong c/ng
&<ng nh! th% trV nLn h%t s3c thE
$I, h5t kl l4 kJ nim c72 m/t d.n
t/c no cng trV thnh l4 kJ nim
c72 t5t c# cc d.n t/c khc, Ah"
$y c0 r5t nhi6u ni6m $ui th>ch $
thE $I trong mki m/t dIp l4 h/i,
hng cch ny, sD hi'u bi%t l:n
nh2u gi+2 cc d.n t/c trLn th% giNi
&!=c &y mnh, Thng qu2 mki
m/t d.n t/c trong c/ng &<ng &2
ch7ng t/c, chEng t2 dHn dHn hi'u
bi%t $6 quGc gi2 m h l &i din,
9h[ng hn, thng qu2 ng!"i
Trung uGc $ n -/ V U2l2ysi2
thB pBoplBs oP 9hin2 2nd |ndi2 2s
2 CholB,
|t could thBrBPorB bB s2id th2t liPB
in 2 multiTr2ci2l community
tB2chBs us m2ny usBPul lBssons in
hum2n rBl2tions,
h2y Ring2po, chEng t2 bi%t nhi6u
$6 Trung Mo2 $ n -/, $y
chEng t2 hi'u nhi6u hFn $6 tZng
th' d.n t/c $ &5t n!Nc Trung
Mo2 $ n -/,
th% c0 th' n0i rng cu/c sGng V
m/t c/ng &<ng &2 ch7ng t/c dy
cho t2 nhi6u bi hc h+u >ch $6
mGi qu2n h c72 con ng!"i,
New words:
m, r2cB nnop ch7ng t/c, giGng ng!"i
r, bBliBP nnop t>n ng!Yng
s, composBd n2ddop g<m c0, b2o g<m
t, multiTr2ci2l n2ddop &2 ch7ng t/c, nhi6u ch7ng t/c
v, dBc2dB nnop th"i kl m!"i n(m, thp k
w, 2bsorb n$op h5p thu
x, pBculi2rity nnop t>nh ch5t riLng, nqt riLng bit, nqt &~c bit
y, in pB2cB 2nd h2rmony Cithp trong h12 bnh $ ho thun
z, promotB n$op n.ng c2o, ]Ec ti%n, &y mnh
m{, 2s 2 CholBp n0i chung, ton b/
A visit to a famous city
Bi mu
; PBC months 2go my P2thBr 2nd |
$isitBd Ring2porB, onB oP thB most
P2mous citiBs in ;si2,
Ring2porB, 2 sm2ll isl2nd, liBs 2t
thB southBrn 2nd oP aBst
U2l2ysi2, ; long 2nd n2rroC
piBcB oP l2nd doins Ring2porB Cith
ohorB M2hru, thB southBrnTmost
toCn oP aBst U2l2ysi2, Ring2porB
is noC 2n indBpBndBnt,
ThB city oP Ring2porB is
B]trBmBly bB2utiPul, |t is CBll
knoCn Por its cBntrBs oP businBss
2nd othBr 2cti$itiBs, ThBrB 2rB
m2ny pl2cBs oP intBrBst such 2s
thB TigBr h2lm ^2rdBn, thB
hot2nic2l ^2rdBns 2nd 2PPlBs
UusBum, ThBrB 2rB 2lso m2ny
import2nt cBntrBs oP lB2rning such
2s thB ni$Brsity oP Ring2porB,
RciBncB 9BntrB, thB A2ny2ng
Bi dch
9ch &.y $i thng, bG ti $ ti
&i th2m qu2n Ring2porB, m/t
trong nh+ng thnh phG nZi ti%ng
nh5t ch.u ,
Ring2porB l m/t h1n &#o nhX
nm V ph>2 n2m $ thu/c mi6n
trung t.y U2m2ysi2, U/t d#i &5t
nhX $ h\p nGi li6n Ring2porB $Ni
ohorB h2hru, thnh phG cDc n2m
c72 $Wng T.y U2l2y]i2,
Ring2porB hin n2y l m/t quGc
gi2 &/c lp,
Thnh phG Ring2porB cDc kl di4m
l, A0 nZi ti%ng bVi nh+ng trung
t.m bun bn $ cc hot &/ng
khc, 90 nhi6u thng c#nh nh!
!"n TigBr h2nh, $!"n sinh hc
$ $in h#o tng 2PPlBs, Agoi
r2 c1n c0 nhi6u trung t.m nghiLn
c3u qu2n trng nh! -i hc tZng
h=p Ring2porB, Trung t.m kho2
ni$Brsity 2nd thB bolytBchnic,
hBing 2 P2mous city, hundrBds oP
pBoplB comB B$Bry d2y Prom
$2rious p2rts oP thB Corld to do
businBss or to Bndoy thB sights oP
thB city, Ring2porB thBrBPorB h2s
l2rgB 2nd bB2utiPul 2irports 2nd its
h2rbours 2rB Pull oP ships,
ThBrB 2rB m2ny night schools
ChBrB pBoplB Cho c2nnot go to
thB d2y schools Por somB rB2son
or othBr c2n continuB thBir studiBs,
;nd, thB go$BrnmBnt oP
Ring2porB is still doing its bBst to
m2kB PurthBr impro$BmBnts in thB
city Por thB bBnBPit oP thB pBoplB,
_uring my st2y in Ring2porB, |
CBnt out B$Bry d2y Cith my P2thBr
to sBB thB bB2utiPul 2nd intBrBsting
pl2cBs 2nd things in thB city, `nB
d2y CB CBnt to thB TigBr h2lm
^2rdBn ChBrB | s2C sB$Br2l
st2tuBs oP pBoplB, 2nim2ls 2nd
othBr str2ngB crB2turB bB2utiPully
m2dB 2nd kBpt, ThB sB2 nB2r this
g2rdBn m2kBs this 2 plB2s2nt pl2cB
to $isit, aB spBnt 2lmost h2lP oP
thB d2y 2t this pl2cB,
;nothBr d2y CB $isitBd thB
musBum ChBrB | s2C hundrBds oP
curious things prBsBr$Bd Por
schol2rs 2nd othBrs, |t C2s indBBd
2n Bduc2tion to sBB 2ll thosB
things, ThBrB is so much to lB2rn
hBrB th2t B$Bry $isit by 2ny pBrson
is surB to 2dd to his knoClBdgB,
| 2lso $isitBd somB oP thB h2rbours
2nd s2C thB l2rgB ships 2nchorBd
thBrB, ThB sight oP thB ships
2rousBd 2 dBsirB in mB to cross thB
ocB2ns 2nd go round thB Corld, |
C2s indBBd dBBply imprBssBd by
thB 2cti$itiBs 2t thB h2rbour,
ThBn B$Bry night, | CBnt round
thB toCn 2nd $isitBd somB oP thB
hc, -i hc A2ny2ng $ -i hc
hch kho2, l m/t thnh phG
nZi ti%ng nLn hng ngy c0 hng
tr(m ng!"i t? cc n!Nc khc nh2u
trLn th% giNi &%n &' lm $ic h2y
chiLm ng!Yng c#nh qu2n thnh
phG, th% Ring2porB c0 nh+ng
s.n b2y to $ &\p, c1n nh+ng h#i
c#ng c72 n0 lEc no cng t5p np
tu bK,
90 nh+ng lNp hc b2n &Lm cho
nh+ng ng!"i khng th' &%n
tr!"ng $o b2n ngy $ m/t lJ do
no &0 &' h ti%p t*c hc tp,
hin n2y ch>nh ph7 Ring2porB
&2ng lm h%t s3c mnh &' ngy
cng pht tri'n thnh phG $ l=i
>ch cho ng!"i d.n Ring2porB,
Trong khi d?ng ch.n V Ring2porB,
hng ngy ti r2 phG do chFi $Ni
bG $ ngm nhn c#nh $t thi $I r
&\p &i c72 thnh phG, U/t ngy
n ti &%n $!"n TigBr h2lm nFi
ti th5y c0 $i b3c t!=ng ng!"i,
nhi6u loi thE $ nh+ng to $t l
kl &!=c to tc $ gn gi+ r5t
cng phu, 9hEng ti V &0 gHn n)2
ngy,
9hEng ti cng th2m qu2n $in
b#o tng, V &0 ti th5y hng tr(m
th3 quJ gi &!=c gi+ gn cho cc
hc gi# $ nh+ng ng!"i khc,
Tht l m/t cF h/i hc tp khi
&!=c ]Bm t5t c# cc $t ny,
&.y c0 r5t nhi6u &i6u &' hc hXi
&%n nki b5t c3 ng!"i no &%n
th(m $in b#o tng cng c0 thLm
ki%n th3c cho mnh,
Ti cng &i th(m $i h#i c#ng $
th5y nh+ng con tu lNn th# nBo V
-0, 9#nh t!=ng tu bK khu5y
&/ng trong ti !Nc muGn $!=t &i
d!Fng &i $1ng qu2nh th% giNi,
9c hot &/ng V b%n c#ng tht sD
p2rks 2nd othBr pl2cBs oP intBrBst,
ThB numBrous sights 2nd thB
const2nt strB2m oP tr2PPic kBpt thB
city 2li$B, | $isitBd 2 PBC oP thB
cinBm2s 2s CBll, |n short, |
BndoyBd B$Bry momBnt oP my st2y
in this P2mous city oP Ring2porB
g.y cho ti 5n t!=ng s.u sc,
<i mki &Lm ti &6u &i qu2nh
thnh phG $i%ng th(m nh+ng cng
$iLn $ thng c#nh khc, sG
nh &Kn $ d1ng ]B c/ b5t tn lm
thnh phG r5t sGng &/ng, Ti cng
&%n th(m m/t $i rp chi%u b0ng,
T0m li ti yLu th>ch mki kho#nh
khc ti sGng ti thnh phG
RingoporB nZi ti%ng ny,
New words:
m, pl2cBs oP intBrBstp nh+ng nFi &ng chE J, nh+ng nFi thE $i
r, str2ngB crB2turBsp nh+ng sinh $t l
s, curious n2ddop h2m hi'u bi%t, t1 m1, hi%u kl
t, 2nchor n$op bX nBo, th# nBo
v, 2rousB 2 dBsirBp g=i lLn sD kh2o kht
w, imprBss n$op g.y 5n t!=ng
x, numBrous lightsp nhi6u nh &Kn
y, schol2r nnop thnh phHn tr> th3c
An unusual oortunity ! had
Bi mu
RBldom doBs onB h2$B
opportunity oP sBBing 2 Pight
bBtCBBn 2 tigBr 2nd 2 crocodilB, |,
hoCB$Br, h2d this opportunity onB
d2y ChBn | CBnt Cith my P2thBr
into 2 PorBst in sB2rch oP somB
Cild pl2nts,
| h2d nB$Br bBBn to 2 PorBst
bBPorB, ThBrBPorB, Ch2tB$Br | s2C
in thB PorBst intBrBstBd mB grB2tly,
| lookBd t thB rich $BgBt2tion 2ll
round 2s CBll 2s thB $2riBty oP
colourPul PloCBrs 2nd birds, l2rgB
2nd sm2ll, | s2C thB 2cti$ity oP
somB oP thB Cild crB2turBs, such
2s sn2kBs, squirrBls 2nd insBcts,
`cc2sion2lly, | hB2rd thB cry oP
somB str2ngB 2nim2l in p2in,
pBrh2ps ChilB bBing B2tBn by 2
l2rgBr 2nim2l, | 2lso hB2rd somB
rustling noisBs in thB
Bi dch
5t hi%m khi ng!"i t2 c0 dIp ]Bm
m/t trn &nh nh2u gi+2 m/t con
hZ $ m/t con c s5u, Tuy nhiLn
ti &e t?ng c0 cF h/i ny $o m/t
ngy n, khi cWng $Ni bG ti $o
r?ng &' tm c.y di,
Tr!Nc &0, ti ch!2 b2o gi" b!Nc
ch.n $o r?ng, th% b5t c3 &i6u
g ti th5y trong khu r?ng &0 cng
lm cho ti th>ch thE, Ti nhn
nh+ng loi th#o m/c sum ]uL V
khp nFi cng nh! nh+ng loi ho2
cX $ chim mung lNn nhX s~c sY
&7 mu, Ti th5y nh+ng loi thE
ho2ng nh! rn s0c $ cn trWng
&2ng hot &/ng, Thnh tho#ng ti
nghB ti%ng kLu c72 m/t loi thE l
bI th!Fng, c0 li l bI m/t con thE
lNn hFn (n thIt, Ti c1n nghB th5y
ti%ng ]o ]c c72 nh+ng lWm c.y
th5pu nh!ng ti khng s=, Ti bi%t
undBrgroCthu but | C2s not 2Pr2id
oP 2ll thBsB, Ruch things, | knBC,
CBrB n2tur2l to thB PorBst,
Uy P2thBr ChosB only intBrBst C2s
in thB typB oP pl2nts hB C2ntBd Por
my mothBrSs g2rdBn, hoCB$Br,
p2id littlB 2ttBntion to thB sounds
2nd mo$BmBnts in thBsB grBBn
dBpths, MB continuBd his sB2rch
Por morB 2nd morB oP thosB pl2nts
until CB rB2chBd onB oP thB b2nks
oP 2 l2rgB ri$Br in thB PorBst, ThBrB
CB stoppBd Por 2 ChilB to Bndoy
thB sights 2round,
ThB scBnB C2s pB2cBPul, ThBn, to
our surprisBs 2nd honor, CB s2C 2
tigBr on thB othBr sidB oP thB ri$Br,
|t C2s mo$ing quiBtly 2nd
c2utiously toC2rds thB C2tBr Por 2
drink, ; hush PBll upon thB dunglB,
Uy P2thBr 2nd | CBrB noC too
PrightBnBd to mo$B Prom thBrB,
MoCB$Br, 2s thB tigBr put its
mouth into thB ri$Br thBrB C2s 2
suddBn sCirl oP thB C2tBrs, 2nd
bBPorB thB tigBr could rush out, it
C2s sBicBd by 2 hugB crocodilB,
ThB tigBrSs hoCl oP p2in 2nd 2ngBr
PillBd mB 2nd my P2thBr Cith
tBrrors, Bt CB C2itBd thBrB to sBB
thB Bnd oP thB strugglB bBtCBBn
thBsB tCo lords oP thB PorBst 2nd
thB ri$Br, ThB crocodilB h2d thB
2d$2nt2gB Prom thB bBginning, |t
usBd 2ll its strBngth to pull thB
tigBr dBBpBr into thB C2tBr, 2nd
thB tigBr too Pought dBspBr2tBly to
PrBB itsBlP Prom thB d2Cs oP thB
mBrcilBss rBptilBu but thB tigBr
soon g2$B up thB strugglB 2nd 2ll
C2s quiBt 2g2in, | noC PBlt pity Por
thB tigBr Chich h2d diBd dust to
sl2kB its thirst,
ThBn, my P2thBr rBmindBd mB oP
thB n2rroC Bsc2pB th2t CB h2d
oursBl$Bs h2d, |P thB tigBr h2d
nh+ng &i6u ny l ph#i c0 trong
m/t khu r?ng,
9h2 ti ch qu2n t.m &%n nhng
loi c.y m ng muGn tr<ng trong
$!"n c72 m\ nLn >t &' J tNi nh+ng
.m th2nh $ hot &/ng trong khu
r?ng rm s.u th[m ny, ng m#i
mL tm thLm nhi6u c.y di cho
&%n khi chEng ti &%n bLn b" m/t
con sng lNn trong r?ng, 9hEng
ti d?ng li &0 m/t chGc &' ngm
c#nh $t ]ung qu2nh,
fhung c#nh r5t thnh bnh, Th%
r<i h%t s3c ngc nhiLn $ s= hei,
chEng ti th5y m/t con hZ bLn ki2
b" sng, A0 &2ng l~ng li $ thn
trng ti%n tNi &' uGng n!Nc, |m
l~ng b2o trWm lLn khu r?ng rm,
9# ch2 ti $ ti &6u kinh s= &3ng
chn ch.n m/t chk,
Tuy nhiLn, khi con hZ cEi s.u
]uGng m~t sng, b5t ng" m/t
]oy n!Nc ]ng lLn $, khng kIp
chy thot, con hZ &e bI m/t con
c s5u khZng l< t0m ch~t, Ti%ng rE
&2u &Nn $ gin d+ c72 con hG
lm ti $ ch2 ti h%t s3c kinh
hong, Ah!ng chEng ti $:n &3ng
&' ]Bm k%t c*c c72 trn quy%t
chi%n gi+2 h2i loi chE2 t' c72
r?ng ]2nh $ sng n!Nc, 9on c
s5u c0 l=i th% ng2y t? lEc &Hu, A0
dWng h%t s3c kqo con hZ ]uGng
n!Nc, $ con hZ cng chi%n &5u
m/t cch tuyt $ng &' thot khXi
hm con c s5u tn bo, Ah+ng
ch[ng b2o l.u s2u con hZ thu2
cu/c $ im l~ng li trWm lLn khu
r?ng, OEc &0 ti c#m th5y &ng
th!Fng cho con hZ bI ch%t ch $
kht n!Nc,
Th% r<i ch2 ti nhc ti nhN &%n
sD thot ch%t mong m2nh $?2 qu2,
A%u con hZ V b" sng bLn ny,
h[n l m/t trong h2i chEng ti &e
ch%t nh! con hZ, nn nh.n c72
bBBn on this sidB oP thB ri$Br, onB
oP us might h2$B diBd in thB C2y
thB tigBr did, 2 $ictim oP 2nim2l
2ppBtitB, ;nd 2s CB CBrB
rBturning homB, | bBg2n to think
oP thB strugglB Por liPB 2nd
s2$2gBry th2t lurks bBnB2th
pB2cBPul scBnBs,
loi thE kht mu, trLn suGt
queng &!"ng $6 nh, ti bt &Hu
ngh $6 sD &5u tr2nh &' sinh t<n
$ sD bo tn n s.u d!Ni ci $}
th2nh bnh c72 cu/c sGng,
New words:
m, rustling noisB nnop ti%ng &/ng s/t sot, ]o ]c
r, in thBsB grBBn dBpthsp trong s.u th[m c72 khu r?ng, trong cWng th[m
c72 khu r?ng
s, c2utiously n2d$op cn thn, thn trng
t, hush nnop s! im l~ng
v, sCirl nnop chk n!Nc ]oy, chk n!Nc cu/n
w, hoCl nnop rE n&2u &Nno
x, Pill n$op lm trn ngp, lm &Hy
y, tBrror nnop sD kinh hong, nki khi%p s=
z, mBrcilBss n2ddop nh:n t.m, tn nh:n
m{, rBptilB nno p loi b1 st
mm, sl2kB onBSs thirst p lm cho &Y kht, gi#i kht
mr, s2$2gBry nno p s! tn bo, s! &/c c, hnh $i tn bo, hnh $i &/c c
ms, murk n$o p ng5m ngHm, n n5p, nEp, trGn
"he value of li#raries
Bi mu
; good libr2ry is 2n ocB2n oP
inPorm2tion, ChosB bound2riBs
continuB to B]tBnd Cith thB
BndlBss contribution oP thB
numBrous strB2ms oP knoClBdgB,
Thus, it h2s 2 pBculi2r P2scin2tion
Por schol2rs, 2nd 2ll thosB ChosB
thirst Por knoClBdgB is inst2blB,
ThB usBPulnBss oP libr2riBs in thB
sprB2d oP knoClBdgB h2s bBBn
pro$Bd through thB yB2rs, ThB
PiBld oP knoClBdgB is so B]tBnsi$B
2nd liPB is so briBP th2t B$Bn thB
most 2$id rB2dBr c2n nB$Br B]pBct
Bi dch
U/t th! $in lNn l m/t &i d!Fng
c72 thng tin m r2nh giNi c72 n0
ti%p t*c mV r/ng $Ni sD &0ng g0p
$ tn nh+ng d1ng suGi tri th3c
khng b2o gi" ng?ng li, $y
n0 c0 s3c quy%n r &~c bit &Gi
$Ni cc hc gi# $ nh+ng ng!"i
kht kh2o ch.n tr"i ki%n th3c,
RD h+u d*ng c72 th! $in trong
$ic truy6n b ki%n th3c &e &!=c
Uinh ch3ng hng b2o n(m qu2,
9nh &<ng c72 tri th3c th qu
r/ng $ cu/c &"i th qu ngn cho
nLn ng2y c# nh+ng &/c gi# th2m
to 2bsorb it 2ll, ThosB Cho h2$B 2
lo$B Por knoClBdgB, thBrBPorB, try
to m2stBr only 2 sm2ll Pr2ction oP
it, Q$Bn this rBquirBs rB2ding oP
hundrBds oP books, chB2p 2nd
B]pBnsi$B, nBC 2nd old, hut PBC
pBoplB 2rB 2blB to buy 2ll thB
books on thB subdBct in Chich
thBy Cish to 2tt2in proPiciBncy, |t
is thBrBPorB nBcBss2ry Por thBm to
$isit 2 good libr2ry, ChBrB thBy
c2n rB2d 2 grB2t $2riBty oP books
on thB subdBct thBy lo$B, hBsidBs,
m2ny old 2nd $2lu2blB books on
cBrt2in subdBcts 2rB Pound only in
2 good libr2ry, Q$Bn thB origin2l
m2nuscript oP 2n 2uthor, Cho diBd
sB$Br2l yB2rs 2go, c2n bB Pound in
it, somBtimBs,
Tod2y, mBn B$BryChBrB h2$B
disco$BrBd thB bBnBPits oP
lB2rning, UorB 2nd morB books
2rB bBing CrittBn to B]tBnd hum2n
knoClBdgB 2nd B]pBriBncB,
^o$BrnmBnts 2nd indi$idu2ls
throughout thB Corld 2rB,
thBrBPorB, opBning morB 2nd morB
libr2riBs to Bn2blB pBoplB to rB2d
2s m2ny books 2s possiblB,
Oibr2riBs h2$B bBBn opBnBd B$Bn
in thB rBmotBst rBgions oP thB
B2rth, so th2t pBoplB Cho 2rB
un2blB to buy books Prom thB
toCns c2n still g2in 2ccBss to thB
$2rious sourcBs oP knoClBdgB,
UobilB libr2riBs sBr$B thB pBoplB
in $2rious p2rts oP thB B2rth,
ThB import2ncB oP libr2riBs,
hoCB$Br, is PBlt most 2cutBly by
studBnts in schools 2nd
uni$BrsitiBs, ChBrB most studBnts
2rB Bng2gBd in dBBp studiBs, ThB
numbBr oP books th2t 2 studBnt
h2s to study, BspBci2lly 2t 2
uni$Brsity, is so l2rgB th2t unlBss
hB comBs Prom 2 rich P2mily, hB
c2n h2rdly buy thBm 2ll, hBsidBs,
m2ny oP thB books m2y not bB
l2m nh5t cng &?ng b2o gi" mong
rng si &c &!=c t5t c#, th%,
nh+ng ng!"i yLu m%n tri th3c ch
nm $+ng m/t phHn no &0 m
thi, U ch th% thi cng ph#i
&c hng tr(m quy'n sch, r} $
&t, mNi $ c, Ah!ng >t 2i c0 th'
mu2 t5t c# nh+ng quy'n sch $6
chuyLn mn m h muGn thnh
tho, th% h cHn ph#i &%n th!
$in nFi h c0 th' &c tht nhi6u
sch $6 ch7 &6 yLu th>ch, MFn n+2
nhi6u quy'n sch qu> gi ch c0
trong th! $in, -i khi c# m/t b#n
th#o nguyLn gGc c72 m/t tc gi#
qu2 &"i cch &.y $i n(m cng c0
th' tm th5y trong th! $in,
Agy n2y, con ng!"i V khp nFi
&e pht hin r2 l=i >ch c72 $ic
hc tp, Agy cng c0 nhi6u cuGn
sch &!=c $i%t &' mV r/ng ki%n
th3c $ kinh nghim con ng!"i,
th% cc ch>nh ph7 $ c nh.n
trLn th% giNi khng ng?ng mV
nh+ng th! $in giEp ng!"i t2 &c
cng nhi6u sch cng tGt, Th!
$in cng ]u5t hin ti ng2y c# V
nh+ng $Wng ]2 ]i nh5t c72 tri
&5t &' nh+ng 2i khng th' mu2
sch t? thnh phG $:n c0 th% ti%p
thu nh+ng ngu<n ki%n th3c &2
dng, Ah+ng th! $in di &/ng
ph*c $* ng!"i &c sch V mi nFi
trLn th% giNi,
Tuy nhiLn tHm qu2n trng c72 th!
$in l d4 th5y nh5t V sinh $iLn,
hc sinh cc tr!"ng phZ thng $
&i hc, nFi m phHn lNn hc sinh
lun bn r/n nghiLn c3u, 9on sG
nh+ng quy'n sch m m/t sinh
$iLn ph#i nghiLn c3u &~c bit V
tr!"ng &i hc l kh lNn &%n nki
gHn nh! khng th' mu2 h%t &!=c,
tr? khi gi2 c#nh c72 2nh t2 h%t s3c
giu c0, MFn n+2, nhi6u quy'n
sch c0 th' khng c0 sjn trong
hiu sch &' 2nh t2 mu2, $y
&%n th! $in r5t l tin l=i,
2$2il2blB in thB bookTshops Cithin
his rB2ch, |t is thBrBPorB to his
2d$2nt2gB to $isit 2 good libr2ry,
RomB pBoplB B$Bn h2$B thBn oCn
pri$2tB libr2riBs in Chich thBy
spBnd thBir lBisurB, rB2ding thB
books th2t thBy h2$B collBctBd
o$Br thB yB2rs 2nd dri$B grB2t
intBllBctu2l bBnBPit 2nd plB2surB,
|n short, libr2riBs h2$B contributBd
so much to thB B]tBnsion oP
knoClBdgB th2t thBy h2$B bBcomB
2lmost indispBns2blB to 2ll litBr2tB
mBn,
U/t sG ng!"i c0 th! $in riLng &'
khi nhn rki &c nh+ng quy'n
sch h &e s!u tp hng b2o n(m
tr"i $ m2ng $6 ni6m $ui $
ngu<n tri th3c,
T0m li, th! $in &e &0ng g0p r5t
nhi6u trong $ic mV m2ng ki%n
th3c &%n nki n0 trV nLn khng th'
thi%u &!=c &Gi $Ni t5t c# con
ng!"i,
New words:
m, P2scin2tion nnop sD thi miLnu sD mL ho~c, sD quy%n r
r, inst2blB n2ddop khng Zn &Inh
s, 2$id n2ddop kh2o kht, thKm kht, thKm thu<ng
t, Pr2ction nnop phHn nhX, mi%ng nhX
v, to 2tt2in proPiciBncy n$op trV nLn thnh tho, giXi gi2ng
w, m2nuscript nnop b#n $i%t t2y
x, 2cutBly n2d$op s.u sc
y, intBllBctu2l n2ddop nthu/co tr> tu
z, to dri$B grB2t intBllBctu2l bBnBPitp thBo &uZi l=i >ch tri th3c lNn
m{, indispBns2blB n2ddop tuyt &Gi cHn thi%t, khng th' thi%u &!=c
mm, litBr2tB mBn nnop nh+ng ng!"i c0 hc
A horri#le sight
Bi mu
`n thB m2in ro2ds oP
aBst U2l2ysi2
2ccidBnts occur 2lmost
B$Bry d2y, Uost oP
thBm 2rB c2usBd by
young dri$Brs Cho 2rB
long oP spBBd, ThB
rBcklBssnBss h2s c2usBd
thB dB2th oP B$Bn
c2rBPul dri$Brs, ah2t |
Bi dch
TrLn nh+ng con &!"ng
ch>nh V T.y U2l2y]i2
t2i nn ]#y r2 hHu nh!
mki ngy, bhHn lNn cc
t2i nn l do nh+ng t2y
li tr} !2 th>ch tGc &/,
RD li6u lnh c72 h &e
g.y nLn ci ch%t c72
nh+ng li ]B thn trng
khc, Ah+ng g ti sp
2m 2bout to rBl2tB
concBms thB dB2th oP
somB young pBoplB,
rBsulting Prom thB
rBcklBss dri$ing oP 2
young m2n,
`n thB d2y in quBstion,
| C2s tr2$Blling Cith
my brothBr to |poh, ;s
my brothBrSs c2r C2s
old, hB h2d to dri$B
sloCly, aB lBPt
Ring2porB, our
homBtoCn, $Bry B2rly
in thB morning, so th2t
CB could rB2ch our
dBstin2tion bBPorB , ThB
sloC dournBy soon
m2dB mB so tirBd th2t |
PBll 2slBBp, MoCB$Br,
CB brokB our ournBy
2t ong bBng, 2 sm2ll
toCn in ohorB Por
somB rBPrBshmBnt,
ahBn CB rBsumBd our
dournBy, CB s2C 2
numbBr oP b2dly
d2m2gBd $BhiclBs in
Pront oP thB bolicB
Rt2tion oP th2t toCn,
Uy brothBr thBn bBg2n
to t2lk 2bout thB
$2rious 2ccidBnts th2t
hB h2d sBBn on th2t
ro2d, | bBg2n to groC
unB2sy 2bout thB rBst oP
thB dournBy, Uy brothBr
h2d told mB th2t most
oP thB 2ccidBnts
occurrBd Cithin 2 PBC
milBs oP th2t toCn, |
noC bBg2n to PB2r Por
our oCn s2PBty, ThBn,
suddBnly, 2 c2r, running
2t grB2t spBBd, outtook
our c2r, Uy brothBr
thBn prBdictBd th2t thB
c2r Could bB in$ol$Bd
in 2n 2ccidBnt soon,
k' s2u &.y liLn qu2n
&%n ci ch%t c72 m/t sG
th2nh niLn g.y r2 do sD
khinh su5t c72 m/t ti
]% tr},
o m/t ngy nh! $y,
ti &2ng trLn &!"ng &%n
|poh $Ni 2nh ti,
chi%c ]B &e c, 2nh ti
ph#i li r5t chm,
9hEng ti t? gie
Ring2porB quL h!Fng
chEng ti $o buZi sng
sNm &' c0 th' &%n nFi
tr!Nc khi tr"i tGi,
9huy%n khVi hnh
chm chp ch[ng m5y
chGc lm ti bu<n chn
&%n ng7 thi%p &i, Tuy
nhiLn, chEng ti d?ng
li V ong bBns, m/t thI
tr5n nhX V ohorB &'
mu2 thDc phm t!Fi,
fhi lLn &!"ng trV li,
chEng ti th5y $i chi%c
]B hXng n~ng tr!Nc sV
c#nh st c72 thnh phG,
;nh ti bt &Hu k' $6
nh+ng t2i nn 2nh &e
ch3ng ki%n trLn con
&!"ng &0, 91n ti c#m
th5y b<n ch<n suGt c#
queng &!"ng c1n li,
;nh ti bo ti rng
phHn lNn cc t2i nn
]#y r2 cch thI tr5n &0
$i d~m, OEc &0 ti
c#m th5y lo s= cho sD
2n ton c72 chEng ti,
Th% r<i bkng nhiLn m/t
chi%c ]B hFi chy h%t
tGc lDc $!=t qu2 ]B
chEng ti, ;nh ti &on
rng th% no chi%c ]B
ki2 cng g.y t2i nn,
R2u &0 tim ti bt &Hu
&p nh2nh hFn,
9h[ng b2o l.u, chi%c ]B
;PtBr th2t my hB2rt
bBg2n to bB2t P2st,
ThB c2r C2s soon out oP
sight, Uy brothBr,
hoCB$Br, 2ssurBd mB
th2t | Could h2$B 2n
opportunity to sBB 2
$Bry b2d 2ccidBnt, 2nd
surB Bnough, CB soon
2rri$Bd 2t 2 distrBssing
scBnB,
ThB c2r th2t h2d
o$Brt2kBn our c2r C2s
in 2 ditch 2nd Pour
young girls CBrB lying
dB2d on thB ro2dTsidB,
ThBir P2cBs 2nd clothBs
CBrB co$BrBd Cith
blood, RomB pBoplB
CBrB trying to B]tric2tB
thB othBr occup2nts,
including thB young
dri$Br, Cho CBrB still
2li$B in thB c2r, hut 2ll
oP 2 suddBn, thB c2r C2s
on PirB, 2nd thBir BPPorts
P2ilBd, Thus, thB
occup2nts in thB c2r
CBrB burnt 2li$B, 2nd it
C2s indBBd hB2rtT
rBnding to hB2r thBir
l2st scrB2ms, Roon 2
PirB BnginB 2nd thB
policB 2rri$Bd Cith 2n
2mbul2ncB, but it C2s
too l2tB,
This C2s indBBd 2
horriblB sight, 2nd B$Bn
tod2y thB mBntion oP
2ccidBnts rBminds mB
oP thosB pitBous
scrB2ms oP thB dying
onBs in th2t c2r,
chy khu5t dng,
Ah!ng 2nh ti qu#
quy%t $Ni ti rng ti si
&!=c dIp nhn th5y m/t
t2i nn t<i t, $ &Eng
nh! th%, m/t lt s2u
chEng ti &i &%n m/t
qu2ng c#nh thL l!Fng,
9hi%c ]B &e $!=t ]B
chEng ti lEc ny &2ng
nm trong con m!Fng
$ bGn c gi tr} nm
ch%t trLn &!"ng phG,
U~t $ quHn o h bL
b%t mu, U/t sG ng!"i
cG s3c gi#i thot hnh
khch c1n sGng trong
]B, $ ng!"i ti ]% tr}u
nh!ng tht b5t ng",
chi%c ]B bWng chy $
nk lDc c72 h tiLu t2n,
Th% l nh+ng ng!"i
trong ]B bI thiLu sGng
$ ti%ng go h5p hGi
c72 h nh! ]q l1ng,
Ag2y s2u &0, ]B c3u
hX2 $ c#nh st &%n $Ni
]B c5p c3u nh!ng &e
qu mu/n,
-.y tht l m/t c#nh
t!=ng kinh hong $
cho &%n tn hm n2y,
khi n0i &%n t2i nn ti
li nhN &%n nh+ng ti%ng
kLu c3u th#m khGc c72
nh+ng ng!"i sp ch%t
trong chi%c ]B ki2,
New words:
m, rBcklBssnBss nnop t>nh thi%u thn trng, t>nh khinh su5t, t>nh li6u lnh
r, to bB 2bout top &Inh lm g ng2y, sp lm g
s, in quBstionp &!=c n0i &%n, &!=c bn &%n
t, rBsumB n$op bt &Hu li, li ti%p t*c ns2u khi ngh, d?ngo
v, o$Brt2kB T o$Brtook T o$Brt2kBn n$op $!=t qu2
w, ditch nnop renh, m!Fng
x, B]tric2tB n$op gY, gY thot, gi#i thot
y, occup2nt nnop ng!"i sV h+u, ng!"i s) d*ng
z, hB2rtTrBnding n2ddop &2u l1ng, neo l1ng
m{, pitBous n2ddop th#m th!Fng, &ng th!Fng hi
$iscuss the art that money lays in our lives
Bi mu
UonBy pl2ys 2n import2nt p2rt in
our li$Bs, |n sB$Br2l 2spBcts, it is
thB most import2nt thing in liPB, |t
is thBrBPorB much sought 2PtBr,
aithout monBy CB could not buy
our Pood, clothBs 2nd 2ll thB othBr
things th2t CB nBBd to li$B
comPort2bly, aB rBquirB monBy to
tr2$Bl, to buy mBdicinB ChBn CB
2rB ill 2nd 2lso to p2y Por thB
sBr$icBs rBndBrBd to us by othBrs,
|n truth, monBy is 2lmost
indispBns2blB to our sur$i$2l,
Uost oP our 2cti$itiBs 2rB
thBrBPorB dirBctBd toC2rds B2rning
2s much monBy 2s possiblB,
aB usB monBy not only to mBBt
thB b2sic nBBds oP liPB but 2lso to
p2y Por our oCn 2d$2ncBmBnt, aB
usB it Por Bduc2tion Chich hBlps
us to li$B 2 bBttBr liPB, Thous2nds
oP studBnts 2rB un2blB to 2ttBnd
school or continuB thBir studiBs
Por C2nt oP monBy, O2ck oP
monBy 2lso c2usBs grB2t h2rdship
2nd sorroC in hundrBds oP
P2miliBs, Thous2nds oP pBoplB 2rB
dying B$Bryd2y throughout thB
Corld bBc2usB thBy 2rB not 2blB to
p2y thBir doctors PBB or bBc2usB
thBy c2nnot buy nutritious Pood,
Bi dch
Ti6n gi+ $2i tr1 qu2n trng trong
&"i sGng chEng t2, TrLn m/t $i
ph!Fng din no &0, ti6n l qu2n
trng nh5t trong cu/c sGng,
$y ng!"i t2 chy thBo ti6n,
fhng c0 ti6n chEng r2 khng th'
mu2 thDc phm, o quHn $ t5t c#
nh+ng $t d*ng cHn thi%t cho m/t
cu/c sGng tin nghi, 9hEng t2 cHn
ti6n &' &i li mu2 thuGc khi &2u
Gm $ tr# cho nh+ng dIch $* m
ng!"i khc lm cho chEng t2, A0i
cho &Eng, ti6n hHu nh! khng th'
thi%u $Ni sD t<n ti c72 chEng t2,
bhHn lNn cc hot &/ng c72 chEng
t2 $ th% h!Nng tNi $ic ki%m r2
cng nhi6u ti6n cng tGt,
9hEng t2 dWng ti6n bc khng ch
&' thX2 men nh+ng nhu cHu tGi
thi'u trong cu/c sGng m c1n &'
n.ng c5p cu/c sGng c72 mnh,
9hEng t2 dWng ti6n trong gio d*c
&' c0 cu/c sGng tGt hFn, Mng
ngn hc sinh khng th' &%n
tr!"ng h2y ti%p t*c hc tp ch $
thi%u ti6n, ic thi%u ti6n g.y r2
kh0 kh(n $ nh+ng nki lo lNn cho
hng tr(m gi2 &nh, TrLn th% giNi
hng ngn ng!"i &2ng ch%t dHn $
h khng c0 ti6n &% &%n bc s h2y
$ h khng c0 ti6n &' mu2 thDc
;s monBy is so import2nt, m2ny
crimBs 2rB committBd B$Bryd2y in
2ll p2rts or thB Corld to g2in
possBssion oP it, RomB 2rB dri$Bn
by hungBr 2nd dBspBr2tion to
stB2l, rob, 2nd B$Bn kill to gBt 2t
lB2st Ch2t thBy rBquirB to kBBp
body 2nd soul togBthBr, `thBrs
commit thB most sBrious crimBs
out oP shBBr grBBd Por monBy,
Ruch pBoplB c2usB much troublB
2nd unplB2s2ntnBss in sociBty, 2nd
to bring thBm to dusticB, l2rgB
sums oP monBy 2rB spBnt by B$Bry
go$BrnmBnt,
Tod2y, millions oP doll2rs 2rB
bBing spBnt by thB $2rious
go$BrnmBnts in thB Corld Por thB
bBttBrmBnt oP thB pBoplB,
AumBrous schools 2nd hospit2ls
2rB bBing built, 2nd hundrBds oP
2crBs or l2nd 2rB bBing culti$2tBd
to producB morB Pood Por thB
groCing popul2tion oP thB Corld,
;s 2 rBsult, thB Corld is gr2du2lly
bBcoming 2 bBttBr pl2cB to li$B in,
;t thB s2mB timB, hoCB$Br, much
monBy is bBing C2stBd in
producing dB2dly CB2pons oP C2r,
9ountriBs Chich h2$B morB
monBy th2n thB othBrs h2$B
bBcomB morB poCBrPul by
strBngthBning thBir 2rmBd PorcBs,
This h2s lBd to ri$2lriBs 2mong thB
poCBrPul n2tions, 2nd sB$Br2l
p2rts oP thB Corld 2rB in turmoil,
;ll this shoCs Ch2t 2n import2nt
p2rt monBy pl2ys in hum2n
2PP2irs,
phm giu ch5t dinh d!Yng,
ti6n qu2n trng nh! th% nLn
hng ngy trLn th% giNi di4n r2 r5t
nhi6u $* phm php &' ginh l5y
quy6n sV h+u ti6n, 90 ng!"i &iLn
khWng $ &0i kht $ tuyt $ng
ph#i &i (n cp, (n tr/m $ ng2y c#
gi%t ng!"i &' >t nh5t gi+ cho phHn
h<n $ phHn ]c c72 h khng
ph#i l2 nh2u, 90 ng!"i phm
nh+ng t/i c nghim trng nh5t
&Fn gi#n ch $ th2m ti6n, Ah+ng
ng!"i nh! $y g.y r2 r5t nhi6u
phi6n toi $ kh0 chIu trong ]e
h/i $ &' &!2 h r2 tr!Nc cng lJ,
mki m/t quGc gi2 ph#i bX r2
nh+ng m0n ti6n r5t lNn,
Agy n2y, nhi6u quGc gi2 &2ng bX
r2 hng triu & l2 &' c#i thin &"i
sGng nh.n d.n, Ahi6u tr!"ng hc
$ bnh $in &2ng &!=c ].y dDng,
Mng tr(m m#nh &5t &2ng &!=c
tr<ng trt &' s#n ]u5t r2 nhi6u
thDc phm cho d.n sG &2ng gi2
t(ng trLn th% giNi, $y th% giNi
dHn dHn trV thnh m/t nFi c! ng*
tGt hFn,
Tuy nhiLn cWng lEc &0, r5t nhi6u
ti6n bI ho2ng ph> &' s#n ]u5t
nh+ng $ kh> gi%t ng!"i trong
chi%n tr2nh, Ah+ng quGc gi2
nhi6u ti6n hFn trV nLn hWng mnh
hFn bng cch t(ng c!"ng lDc
l!=ng $ tr2ng c72 h, -i6u ny
lm cc c!"ng quGc &i &%n thW
&Ich $ nhi6u nFi trLn th% giNi
&2ng trong tnh trng rGi lon, T5t
c# nh+ng &i6u &0 n0i lLn rng ti6n
qu2n trng nh! th% no trong cu/c
sGng con ng!"i,
New words:
m, pl2y 2n import2nt p2rtp &0ng m/t $2i tr1 qu2n trng
r, in sB$Br2l 2spBctsp ]qt trLn m/t $i kh>2 cnh
s, rBndBr n$op rBndBr 2 sBr$icBp giEp &Y
t, in truthp tht sD, tht r2
v, sur$i$2l nnop sD sGng c1n, sD t<n ti
w, not only,,, but 2lso,,, khng nh+ng,,, m c1n,,,
x, bB un2blB top khng th'
y, m2ck oP p thi%u
z, h2rdshipp sD gi2n khZ, sD th) thch g2y go
m{, 2t lB2stp >t nh5t
mm, shBBr n2ddop ch l
mr, 2t thB s2mB timBp cWng lEc &0
ms, in turmoilp trong tnh trng rGi lon, hkn &/n
mt, 2PP2irs nnop cng $ic, cu/c sGng
%cience and its effects
Bi mu
`nB oP thB most striking PB2turBs
oP thB prBsBnt cBntury is thB
progrBss oP sciBncB 2nd its BPPBcts
on 2lmost B$Bry 2spBct oP soci2l
liPB, huilding on thB Pound2tion
l2id by thB prBdBcBssors, thB
sciBntists oP tod2y 2rB c2rrying
thBir in$Bstig2tion into B$BrT
CidBning PiBlds oP knoClBdgB,
UodBrn ci$ilic2tion dBpBnds
l2rgBly on thB sciBntist 2nd
in$Bntor, aB dBpBnd on thB doctor
Cho sBBks thB c2usB 2nd curB oP
disB2sB, thB chBmist Cho 2n2lysBs
our Pood 2nd puriPiBs our C2tBr,
thB Bntomologist Cho C2gBs C2r
on thB insBct pBsts, thB BnginBBr
Cho conquBrs timB 2nd sp2cB, 2nd
2 host oP othBr spBci2lists Cho 2id
in thB dB$BlopmBnt oP 2griculturB
2nd industry,
ThB 2d$2ncB oP sciBncB 2nd
tBchnology h2s brought thB
diPPBrBnt p2rts oP thB Corld into
closBr touch Cith onB 2nothBr th2n
B$Br bBPorB, aB 2rB 2blB to rB2ch
dist2nt l2nds Cithin 2 $Bry short
timB, aB 2rB 2lso 2blB to
communic2tB Cith pBoplB P2r
2C2y by mB2ns oP thB tBlBphonB
Bi dch
U/t trong nh+ng &~c &i'm nZi bt
nh5t trong th% k hin n2y l sD
ti%n b/ c72 kho2 hc $ #nh
h!Vng c72 n0 trLn hHu nh! mi
m~t c72 cu/c sGng ]e h/i, .y
dDng trLn n6n t#ng c72 nh+ng
ng!"i &i tr!Nc, cc nh kho2 hc
ngy n2y &2ng ti%n hnh nghiLn
c3u nh+ng lnh $Dc ki%n th3c lNn
ch!2 t?ng c0,
A6n $(n minh hin &i ph* thu/c
phHn lNn $o cc nh kho2 hc $
nh pht minh, 9u/c sGng chEng
t2 ph* thu/c $o cc bc s trong
$ic tm ki%m nguyLn nh.n $
cch ch+2 bnh, $o cc nh ho
hc ph.n t>ch thDc phm $ lm
sch ngu<n n!Nc uGng, $o cc
nh cn trWng hc chi%n &5u $Ni
cc loi cn trWng g.y hi, $o k
s! chinh ph*c th"i gi2n $ khng
gi2n $ r5t nhi6u nh+ng chuyLn
gi2 khc g0p phHn $o sD pht
tri'n c72 nng nghip $ cng
nghip,
RD ti%n b/ c72 kho2 hc $ k
thut &e lm cho cc n!Nc khc
nh2u trLn th% giNi ]>ch li gHn
nh2u hFn b2o gi" h%t, 9hEng t2 c0
th' &%n nh+ng $Wng &5t ]2 ]i
2nd thB CirBlBss, ThB in$Bntion oP
thB printing m2chinB h2s m2dB it
possiblB Por us to lB2rn Prom
books 2nd nBCsp2pBrs 2bout
pBoplB in othBr l2nds,
|ndBBd, m2nSs curiosity 2nd
rBsourcBPulnBss h2$B bBBn
rBsponsiblB Por thB stB2dy strB2m
oP in$Bntions th2t h2$B crB2tBd
our ci$ilic2tion,
;t thB s2mB timB, hoCB$Br, thBrB
h2$B bBBn h2rmPul BPPBcts, `ur
m2chinB ci$ilic2tion is
rBsponsiblB Por numBrous
2ccidBnts 2nd industri2l ri$2lriBs
2mong n2tions, Q$Bryd2y
hundrBds oP pBoplB 2rB dying
Prom sBrious Counds 2nd induriBs,
@urthBr, thB r2pid tBmpo oP
modBrn liPB rBsults in CidBTsprB2d
nBr$ous disordBr, UorBo$Br,
sciBncB, Chich h2s hBlpBd m2n to
sBcurB control o$Br n2turB, h2s
2lso m2dB it possiblB Por him to
dB$Blop morB dB2dly CB2pons or
C2r, UorB 2nd morB countriBs 2rB
compBting Cith onB 2nothBr in thB
production oP C2r m2tBri2l, hut in
thBsB inst2ncBs thB P2ult liBs not
Cith sciBncB, but r2thBr Cith
m2ns intBntion to misusB thB
disco$BriBs oP sciBncB,
RciBncB is 2dmittBdly thB
domin2ting intBllBctu2l PorcB oP
thB modBrn 2gB,
trong m/t th"i gi2n r5t ngn,
9hEng t2 c0 th' liLn lc $Ni nh+ng
ng!"i V ]2 qu2 ph!Fng tin &in
thoi $ my $ tuy%n, ic pht
minh r2 my in giEp chEng t2 &c
sch, bo $6 con ng!"i V nh+ng
&5t n!Nc khc,
Tht $y t>nh t1 m1 $ ti tho $t
c72 con ng!"i l nguyLn nh.n c72
ngu<n pht minh b6n $+ng to r2
th"i &i $(n minh c72 chEng t2
ngy
Tuy nhiLn, bLn cnh &0 kho2 hc
cng c0 nh+ng #nh h!Vng t2i hi,
Th"i &i $(n minh my m0c c72
chEng t2 l nguyLn nh.n c72 $ sG
t2i nn $ nh+ng sD &Gi &Hu $6
cng nghip gi+2 cc quGc gi2,
Mng ngy hng tr(m ng!"i &2ng
h5p hGi $ cc th!Fng t>ch trHm
trng, MFn n+2 nhIp &/ t5t bt c72
cu/c sGng hin &i g.y nLn sD rGi
lon thHn kinh &2ng ngy cng l2n
r/ng, hLn cnh &0, ch>nh kho2
hc &e giEp con ng!"i &t &!=c
quy6n ki'm sot thiLn nhiLn,
nh+ng cng ch>nh kho2 hc &e
giEp con ng!"i to r2 cng nhi6u
$ kh> gi%t ng!"i trong chi%n
tr2nh, Agy cng nhi6u quGc gi2
cnh tr2nh $Ni nh2u s#n ]u5t r2
tr2ng thi%t bi chi%n tr2nh, Ah!ng
trong nh+ng tr!"ng h=p ny lki
lHm khng thu/c $6 kho2 hc m
thu/c $6 con ng!"i &e s) d*ng s2i
lHm nh+ng pht minh kho2 hc,
fho2 hc &!=c cng nhn $ lDc
l!=ng tri th3c thBn chGt c72 k
nguyLn hin &i ngy n2y,
New words:
m, striking n2ddop nZi bt, thu hEt sD chE J, thu hEt sD qu2n t.m, &ng chE
J, g.y 5n t!=ng
r, Pound2tion nnop n6n t#ng, n6n m0ng
s, prBdBcBssor nnop ng!"i &i tr!Nc, ng!"i ti6n nhim
t, dBpBnd on n$op ph* thu/c $o
v, 2n2lysB n$op ph.n t>ch
w, puriPy n$op lm sch, lc trong, tinh ch%
x, communic2tB Cith n$op liLn lc $Ni, gi2o thip $Ni
y, in$Bntion nnop sD pht minh, sD sng ch%
z, curiosity nnop sD h2m tm hi'u, tr> t1 m1, t>nh hi%u kl
m{, h2rmPul n2diop g.y t2i hi, c0 hi
mm, compBtB n$op &u2 tr2nh, g2nh &u2, cnh tr2nh
mr, intBntion nnop J &Inh, m*c &>ch
"he rights and duties of a citi&en
Bi mu
;lmost B$Bry modBrn st2tB,
BspBci2lly 2 dBmocr2cy, 2lloCs its
citicBns sB$Br2l rightsu but in
rBturn, it B]pBcts its citicBns to
pBrPorm cBrt2in dutiBs,
;mong thB rights BndoyBd by thB
citicBn in 2 dBmocr2cy 2rB thB
right to pursuB his oCn 2PP2irs 2s
hB prBPBrsu, thB right to B]prBss his
$iBCs, hoCB$Br silly thBy m2y
2ppB2r to othBrs, 2nd thB right to
mo$B 2bout 2s hB plB2sBs, ThB
citicBn is considBrBd so import2nt
th2t his rights 2rB protBctBd by thB
l2C oP thB st2tB, 2nd ChBnB$Br
thBy 2rB inPringBd, hB c2n sBcurB
rBdrBss,
hut in 2 tot2lit2ri2n st2tB, thB
rights oP thB citicBn 2rB so
rBstrictBd th2t hB h2s pr2ctic2lly
no PrBBdom, ThB citicBn is
supposBd to B]ist Por thB st2tB, Mis
intBrBsts 2rB 2lC2ys subordin2tBd
to thosB oP thB st2tB, Thus, his
dutiBs B]cBBd his rights,
Q$Bn in 2 dBmocr2cy, hoCB$Br,
thB citicBn is B]pBctBd to B]BrcisB
his rights Cithin thB limits oP thB
l2C, MB should not do or s2y
2nything th2t m2y 2PPBct thB rights
Bi dch
MHu nh! mki m/t quGc gi2 hin
&i, &~c bit l m/t quGc gi2 d.n
ch7, &6u cho phqp cng d.n c0
nh+ng quy6n l=i nh5t &Inhu nh!ng
ng!=c li nh n!Nc cng yLu cHu
cng d.n thi hnh nh+ng bZn
phn c72 mnh,
Trong sG cc quy6n l=i m cng
d.n c72 m/t quGc gi2 d.n ch7
&!=c h!Vng th*, c0 b2o g<m
quy6n thBo &uZi nh+ng $ic lm
t2 th>ch, quy6n &!=c by tX cc
qu2n &i'm c72 mnh dW cho chEng
nghB c0 $} ngN ngn, $ quy6n
&!=c &i li tWy th>ch, Ag!"i cng
d.n r5t &!=c tn trng &%n m3c
cc quy6n l=i c72 cng d.n &!=c
lut php nh n!Nc b#o $ $ b5t
kl lEc no nh+ng quy6n ny bI $i
phm ng!"i cng d.n c0 th' yLu
cHu b<i th!"ng,
Ah!ng trong m/t quGc gi2 &/c ti,
cc quy6n l=i c72 cng d.n bI hn
ch% nhi6u &%n nki trLn thDc t% 2nh
t2 ch[ng c0 chEt tD do no, Ag!"i
cng d.n &!=c ]Bm l ph#i t<n ti
$ nh n!Nc, 9c l=i >ch c72 2nh
t2 lun bI ]Bm nh\ so $Ni l=i >ch
c72 nh n!Nc, Ah! $y, ngh2 $*
c72 cng d.n $!=t qu quy6n l=i
c72 h, Tuy nhiLn ng2y c# trong
oP othBrs, |n B]Brcising his right to
2ct 2s hB plB2sBs, Por B]2mplB, hB
should not try to BlopB Cith
2nothBr m2nSs CiPB or s2y
2nything sl2ndBrous 2bout hBr or
2nyonB, |n thB s2mB C2y, his
2ctions should not c2usB indury or
d2m2gB to 2ny indi$idu2l or his
propBrty, MB c2nnot kill 2s hB
plB2sBs, |P his conduct inPringBs
thB rights oP othBrs, thBn thosB
Cho h2$B bBBn 2PPBctBd by his
misconduct could t2kB lBg2l
2ction 2g2inst him 2nd hB Cill bB
punishBd 2ccording to thB l2C oP
thB st2tB, |n this C2y, thB st2tB
protBcts its citicBns 2nd thBir
rights Prom thB thoughtlBssnBss oP
2ny indi$idu2l in thB st2tB, This
mB2ns, oP coursB, th2t B$Bry
citicBn in thB st2tB is B]pBctBd to
do his duty to his PBlloC citicBns,
ThB citicBn is 2lso B]pBctBd to
gi$B his sBr$icBs Por thB protBction
oP thB st2tB in timBs oP C2r, 2nd to
m2int2in l2C 2nd ordBr in his
st2tB, 2t 2ll timBs,
Thus B$Bry citicBn Cho is
conscious oP his rights should 2lso
bB conscious oP his dutiBs to thB
st2tB 2nd his PBlloC citicBns,
ch% &/ d.n ch7 ng!"i cng d.n
$:n ph#i s) d*ng quy6n l=i c72
mnh trong giNi hn c72 php lut,
;nh t2 khng &!=c lm h2y n0i
&i6u g #nh h!Vng &%n quy6n l=i
c72 ng!"i khc, 9h[ng hn trong
khi s) d*ng quy6n &!=c lm
nh+ng g mnh muGn, 2nh t2
khng &!=c cG gng tn tnh $=
ng!"i khc h2y $u khGng c t2
ho~c b5t kl ng!"i no khc,
T!Fng tD, nh+ng hnh &/ng c72
2nh t2 khng &!=c g.y th!Fng
t>ch h2o tZn hi &%n b5t kl c
nh.n no cng nh! ti s#n c72 h,
A%u 2nh t2 $i phm quy6n l=i c72
ng!"i khc th nh+ng ng!"i bI
#nh h!Vng bVi hnh $i s2i tri c72
2nh t2 c0 th' nh" &%n lut php
]qt ]) 2nh t2 $ 2nh t2 si bI tr?ng
trI thBo php lut nh n!Nc, hng
cch ny, nh n!Nc b#o $ cc
cng d.n $ quy6n l=i c72 h khXi
sD $ J th3c c72 b5t kl cc c
nh.n no trong &5t n!Nc, -!Fng
nhiLn &i6u ny c0 ngh2 l mi
cng d.n trong n!Nc ph#i thDc
hin ngh2 $* c72 mnh $Ni nh+ng
cng d.n khc,
Ag!"i cng d.n cng &!=c yLu
cHu thDc hin ngh2 $* b#o $ tZ
quGc trong chi%n tr2nh, duy tr trt
tD $ lut php trong mi th"i
&i'm,
th% mki cng d.n hi'u bi%t $6
quy6n l=i cng nLn hi'u bi%t $6
ngh2 $* c72 mnh &Gi $Ni quGc
gi2 $ cc cng d.n khc,
New words:
m, dBmocr2cy nnop n6n d.n ch7, ch% &/ d.n ch7
r, rights nnop cc quy6n l=i
s, inPringB n$op ].m phm, $i phm
t , rBdrBss nnop sD s)2 s2i, sD uGn nn, s! &6n bW, sD b<i th!"ng
v, tot2lit2ri2n n2ddop chuyLn ch%
w, subordin2tBd to n$op lm cho ph* thu/c $o
x, sl2ndBrous n2ddop $u khGng, ph bng
y, misconduct nnop hnh $i s2i tri
z, thoughtlBssnBss nnop sD $ J th3c, nng cn, h"i h=t
m{, conscious n2ddop bi%t &!=c, nhn r2, c0 J th3c
"he most imortant day in my life
Bi mu
ThB most import2nt d2y in my liPB
C2s thB d2y ChBn my p2rBnts
dBcidBd to sBnd mB to school,
| C2s thBn 2bout sB$Bn yB2rs old, |
h2d bBBn pl2ying Cith thB
childrBn li$ing 2round my housB
Por somB yB2rs, | h2d no thought
oP B$Br going to school, | BndoyBd
pl2ying to c2tch Pish Prom thB
sh2lloC strB2ms nB2r by,
RomBtimBs CB CBnt to thB PorBst
to c2tch birds 2nd squirrBls, 2nd |
h2d 2lC2ys thought th2t liPB
Could continuB to bB thB s2mB Por
mB, hut, onB d2y, to my grB2t
sorroC, my p2rBnts suddBnly
2nnouncBd th2t | C2s no longBr to
pl2y 2bout 2nd th2t | C2s to go to
2 school,
aords c2n h2rdly dBscribB hoC
s2d | PBlt 2t thB thought oP h2$ing
to go to 2 school, | h2d oPtBn
hB2rd th2t school tB2chBrs CBrB
$Bry strict 2nd cruBl, | h2d 2lso
bBBn told th2t thBrB CBrB m2ny
diPPicult subdBcts to lB2rn in
school 2nd | could not bB2r thB
thought oP bBing compBllBd to
lB2rn thBm, hut B$Brything h2d
bBBn dBcidBd Por mB 2nd | h2d no
choicB but to go to school,
Roon 2PtBr | C2s 2dmittBd to
school, hoCB$Br, | disco$BrBd to
my grB2t doy th2t lB2rning in
school C2s 2 plB2surB, | bBg2n to
Bi dch
Agy qu2n trng nh5t trong &"i
ti l ngy b2 m\ ti quy%t &Inh
gVi ti &%n tr!"ng,
OEc &0 ti lLn b#y, Ti &e rong
chFi $i n(m $Ni cc tr} Bm qu2nh
nh, Ti ch!2 b2o gi" ngh &%n
$ic &i hc, Ti th>ch chFi c.u c
trong con suGi cn n!Nc gHn &0,
-i khi chEng ti $o lWng bt
chim $ s0c $ ti lun ngh rng
cu/c &"i si mei nh! th%, Th%
nh!ng $o m/t ngy n, tht bu<n
cho ti, ch2 m\ ti b5t ng" tuyLn
bG rng ti khng &!=c rong chFi
n+2 m ph#i &%n tr!"ng,
fhng c0 t? no di4n t# nki bu<n
c72 ti khi ph#i &i hc, Ti
th!"ng nghB rng cc thHy gio V
tr!"ng r5t nghiLm khc $ d+ t=n,
Ti cng nghB n0i rng c0 nhi6u
mn hc r5t kh0 V tr!"ng $ ti
khng ti no chIu &!=c J ngh
rng mnh bI bu/c ph#i hc
chEng, Ah!ng mi $ic &e &Inh
sjn cho ti, Ti khng c1n sD lD2
chn no khc ngoi $ic &%n
tr!"ng,
Tuy nhiLn, ch[ng b2o l.u s2u khi
!ng thun &i hc, ti $ui s!Nng
th5y rng &i hc tht l thE $I, Ti
bt &Hu hc $6 con ng!"i $
nh+ng &i6u kl diu khc &2ng
di4n r2 trLn khp th% giNi, 9c
thHy gio r5t tGt b*ng $ th.n
thin, h th!"ng k' nhi6u c.u
lB2rn 2bout thB pBoplB 2nd othBr
CondBrPul things sprB2d
throughout thB Corld, ThB
tB2chBrs CBrB $Bry kind 2nd
PriBndly 2nd thBy oPtBn told m2ny
intBrBsting storiBs, ThB subdBcts
th2t thBy t2ught CBrB 2lso $Bry
intBrBsting 2s 2 rBsult oP 2ll this, |
bBg2n to t2kB 2 kBBn intBrBst in
my lBssons 2nd | no longBr
C2ntBd to C2stB my timB pl2ying
2bout,
Tod2y, | 2m oldBr 2nd | 2m in 2
sBcond2ry school, lB2rning morB
2nd morB 2bout thB Corld 2round
us, ThB knoClBdgB th2t | h2$B
g2inBd h2s BnrichBd my mind 2nd
| h2$B 2 bBttBr undBrst2nding oP
hum2n problBms, | 2m 2lso 2blB to
spB2k thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB Cith
somB B2sB, 2nd | knoC th2t my
knoClBdgB oP Qnglish Cill pro$B
oP grB2t $2luB in 2ll my PuturB
2cti$itiBs, | 2lso knoC th2t iP | c2n
p2ss 2ll my B]2min2tions, | Cill
somB d2y occupy 2n import2nt
position in somB proPBssion, |
might B$Bn bBcomB 2 ministBr in
thB go$BrnmBnt oP my country or
2 CBllTknoCn pBrson in somB
C2y,
ThBrBPorB, ChBn | noC think oP
thB d2y ChBn my p2rBnts 2rri$Bd
2t thB dBcision to sBnd mB to
school, | 2m PillBd Cith lo$B Por
thBm, Th2t C2s indBBd thB most
import2nt d2y in my liPB, 2 d2y
Chich h2s ch2ngBd thB CholB
coursB oP my liPB,
chuyn lJ thE, th% ti bt &Hu
yLu th>ch cc bi hc $ khng
c1n muGn ph> th"i gi2n rong chFi
n+2,
^i" &.y ti &e lNn hFn $ l m/t
hc sinh trung hc &2ng hc ngy
cng nhi6u $6 th% giNi ]ung qu2nh
chEng r2, Ah+ng ki%n th3c ti thu
l!=m &!=c lm phong phE tr> 0c
ti $ ti &e hi'u bi%t nhi6u hFn
$6 cc $5n &6 c72 nh.n loi, Ti
cng c0 th% n0i ti%ng ;nh l!u
lot, $ ti bi%t rng ki%n th3c
ti%ng ;nh c72 ti si c0 >ch trong
cu/c sGng t!Fng l2i c72 mnh, Ti
cng bi%t rng n%u ti &k t5t c#
cc kl thi, m/t ngy no &0 ti si
gi+ m/t $I tr> qu2n trng trong
m/t ngnh ngh6 no &0, hi%t &.u
thm ch> ti si trV m/t b/ tr!Vng
trong ch>nh quy6n nh n!Nc h2y
m/t nh.n $t nGi ti%ng trong m/t
lnh $Dc no &0,
th% ngh $6 ci ngy b2 m\
quy%t &Inh g)i ti &%n hc &!"ng,
trong ti trn ngp yLu th!Fng,
-0 thDc sD l ngy &ng nhN nh5t
trong cu/c &"i ti &0 l ngy &e
th2y &Zi ton b/ cu/c &"i ti,
New words:
m, squirrBl nnop con s0c
r, 2s 2 rBsultp do, $
s, B2sB nnop sD d4 dng, sD thoi mi
t, ministBr nnop h/ tr!Vng
"he su#'ect ! consider most imortant
Bi mu
`P 2ll thB subdBcts th2t | study in
school, | think th2t Qnglish is thB
most import2nt subdBct, |t is
m2inly through thB Qnglish
l2ngu2gB th2t CB g2in 2ccBss to
thB $2rious sourcBs oP
knoClBdgB,
Qnglish is 2 l2ngu2gB Chich is
spokBn 2nd undBrstood by m2ny
pBoplB in most countriBs oP thB
Corld, |t is, in P2ct, thB most
import2nt mB2ns oP
communic2tion 2mong thB $2nous
countriBs oP thB Codd, fnoClBdgB
oP nBC disco$BriBs 2nd in$Bntions
in onB country is tr2nsmittBd to
othBr countriBs through Qnglish
Por thB bBnBPit oP thB Corld, |n this
C2y Qnglish hBlps to sprB2d
knoClBdgB 2nd progrBss,
|t is truB, hoCB$Br, th2t in thB
modBrn 2gB, thB study oP RciBncB
2nd U2thBm2tics too should bB
considBrBd $Bry import2nt,
RciBncB h2s conPBrrBd m2ny
bBnBPits in m2n, hut it rBquirBs
littlB thought to rB2lisB th2t
sciBntiPic principlBs c2nnot bB
undBrstood CBll Cithout 2 good
knoClBdgB oP 2 l2ngu2gB, ;nd,
though othBr l2ngu2gBs such 2s
^Brm2n 2nd ussi2n 2rB
import2nt in thB Corld oP RciBncB,
it is Qnglish th2t pl2ys thB most
import2nt rolB in sprB2ding
sciBntiPic knoClBdgB, ThBrB is in
P2ct no br2nch oP study th2t h2s
not bBBn communic2tBd in
Qnglish, ThB origin2l Critings oP
grB2t sciBntists, Bconomists,
philosophBrs, psychologists 2nd
othBrs Cho did not spB2k 2nd
Bi dch
Trong t5t c# cc mn ti hc V
tr!"ng, ti ngh rng ti%ng ;nh l
qu2n trng nh5t, 9h7 y%u nh"
thng qu2 ti%ng ;nh m chEng t2
c0 th' ti%p cn nhi6u ngu<n ki%n
th3c &2 dng,
Ti%ng ;nh l ngn ng+ &!=c n0i
$ hi'u bi%t r5t nhi6u ng!"i &2ng
sGng ti phHn lNn cc quGc gi2
trLn th% giNi, TrLn thDc t% ti%ng
;nh l ph!Fng tin gi2o ti%p qu2n
trng nh5t gi+2 nhi6u quGc gi2
khc nh2u trLn th% giNi, fi%n th3c
$6 nh+ng pht minh $ khm ph
mNi trong m/t n!Nc &!=c truy6n
s2ng cc n!Nc khc thng qu2
ti%ng ;nh &' m2ng li l=i >ch cho
c/ng &<ng th% giNi, hng cch
ny ti%ng ;nh g0p phHn truy6n b
ki%n th3c $ sD ti%n b/,
Tuy nhiLn, hon ton &Eng khi
cho rng trong k nguyLn hin
&i, $ic nghiLn c3u fho2 hc $
Ton cng nLn &!=c ]Bm trng,
fho2 hc &e b2n cho loi ng!"i
nhi6u >ch l=i, Ah!ng khng cHn
suy ngh cng nhn th5y rng
ng!"i t2 khng th' hi'u bi%t cc
nguyLn lJ kho2 hc m khng c0
ki%n th3c $6 ngn ng+, m~c dW
cc ngn ng+ khc nh! ti%ng -3c
$ ti%ng Ag2 cng qu2n trng
trong giNi kho2 hc, nh!ng ch>nh
ti%ng ;nh chi%m gi+ $2i tr1 qu2n
trng nh5t trong $ic truy6n b
ki%n th3c kho2 hc, Tht $y
khng c0 ngnh nghiLn c3u no
m khng liLn qu2n &%n ti%ng
;nh, T5t c# nh+ng cng trnh
nghiLn c3u nguyLn b#n c72 cc
nh kho2 hc, kinh t% hc, tri%t
hc, t.m lJ hc $ &i &6u &e &!=c
CritB thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB h2$B
2ll bBBn tr2nsl2tBd into Qnglish,
ThBrBPorB, onB Cho h2s 2 good
knoClBdgB oP Qnglish h2s 2ccBss
to 2ll thB sourcBs oP inPorm2tion,
@urthBr, 2s thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB is
usBd by pBoplB oP diPPBrBnt l2nds
2nd culturBs, it h2s bBcomB $Bry
rich, |t cont2ins so m2ny Cords,
idB2s 2nd thoughts th2t 2 good
knoClBdgB oP Qnglish BnrichBs thB
mind 2nd Bn2blBs onB to B]prBss
onBsBlP CBll, |t 2lso hBlps onB to
think bBttBr 2nd to undBrst2nd thB
pBoplB oP othBr l2nds, |t is Por 2ll
thBsB rB2sons th2t | considBr
Qnglish thB most import2nt
subdBct in school,
dIch s2ng ti%ng ;nh, th% nh+ng
2i hi'u bi%t $6 ti%ng ;nh c0 th'
ti%p cn &!=c mi ngu<n thng
tin,
MFn n+2 $ &!=c s) d*ng bVi
nhi6u ng!"i c72 nhi6u &5t n!Nc
$ n6n $(n h02 khc nh2u, ti%ng
;nh trV nLn r5t phong phE, A0
b2o g<m r5t nhi6u t? ng+, J ki%n
$ t! t!Vng, cho nLn m/t sD hi'u
bi%t s.u sc $6 ti%ng ;nh si lm
phong phE tr> tu $ giEp t2 di4n
&t J t!Vng c72 mnh tGt hFn, A0
cng giEp t2 suy ngh tGt hFn $
hi%u bi%t $6 con ng!"i c72 nh+ng
&5t n!Nc khc, Ni t5t c# nh+ng
lJ do ny ti cho rng ti%ng ;nh
l mn hc qu2n trng nh5t V
tr!"ng,
New words:
m, $2rious n2ddop khc nh2u, thu/c $6 nhi6u loi, &2 dng
r, tr2nsmit n$op truy6n &i nqu2 cc ph!Fng tin thng tin &i chEngo
s, progrBss nnop sD ti%n b/, sD pht tri'n
t, conPBr n$op tr2o t~ng, bn bc, h/i J, hXi J ki%n
v, rolB nnop ch3c n(ng, $2i tr1
w, philosophBr nnop nh tri%t hc, tri%t gi2
x, psychologist nnop nh t.m lJ hc
An incident ! shall never forget
Bi mu
9Brt2in incidBnts so imprBss us
th2t thBy lB2$B 2n indBliblB m2rk
on our mBmory, | C2s oncB
in$ol$Bd in 2n incidBnt oP Chich |
sh2ll 2lC2ys h2$B $i$id
rBcollBctions,
ThB incidBnt occurrBd ChBn |
$isitBd 2 $ill2gB in |ndi2 togBthBr
Cith my p2rBnts, somBtimB during
my holid2ys l2st yB2r,
Bi dch
90 nh+ng sD $ic m 5n t!=ng $6
chEng mnh mi &%n m3c &% li
d5u 5n khng th' ]02 nh12 trong
kJ 3c chEng t2, U/t lHn ti &e
ch3ng ki%n m/t sD kin m kJ 3c
$6 n0 $:n mei sGng &/ng trong
ti,
RD $ic ]#y r2 khi ti $i%ng th(m
m/t lng quL n -/ cWng $Ni bG
m\ ti trong kl ngh n(m ngoi,
Q2rly in thB morning on thB d2y
thB incidBnt occurrBd, | C2s
t2lking Cith 2 PBC oP my nBC
PriBnds in th2t $ill2gB, ;ll oP 2
suddBn, 2 boy oP my 2gB c2mB
rushing toC2rds us to brB2k thB
nBCs th2t $iolBncB h2d brokBn out
in thB nBighbourhood, ;l2rmBd 2t
this nBCs, CB bBg2n to protBct
oursBl$Bs, 2nd bBPorB long thB
$iolBncB sprB2d likB Cild PirB
throughout our 2rB2, | C2s 2 littlB
conPusBd 2t Pirst Por | h2d no idB2
2bout thB c2usB oP thB outbrB2k oP
$iolBncB thBrB, `nB oP my PriBnds
told mB th2t thB 2rB2 h2d bBBn
notorious Por such occurrBncB
oCing to ri$2lry bBtCBBn tCo
p2rtiBs, Q2ch p2rty triBd to dBstroy
thB inPluBncB oP thB othBr in th2t
2rB2, 2nd thB b2d blood th2t
B]istBd bBtCBBn thBm h2d c2usBd
sB$Br2l dB2ths 2nd grB2t misBry to
innocBnt pBoplB Por 2 long timB,
`PPici2l inPluBncB could not bB
B]BrcisBd BPPBcti$Bly in this 2rB2
oCing to its rBmotBnBss Prom thB
cBntrBs oP 2uthority, ThB mBmbBrs
oP thB ri$2l p2rtiBs thBrBPorB
BndoyBd 2lmost complBtB PrBBdom
oP 2ction, ThB policB 2rri$Bd only
ChBn thBrB C2s nBCs oP $iolBncB,
2nd oPtBn long 2PtBr thB d2m2gB
h2s bBBn donB,
ahilB | C2s listBning to this
2ccount oP P2cts 2nd B$Bnts, thB
situ2tion suddBnly took 2n ugly
turn, ; m2n Cho h2d bBBn
st2nding 2 short dist2ncB 2C2y
Prom us r2n into his housB most
unB]pBctBdly, 2nd Cithin minutBs
his housB C2s 2bl2cB, Uy PriBnds
2nd | thBn r2n toC2rds his housB
to put out thB PirBu but CB CBrB
stoppBd by 2 PBC burly mBn Cho
CBrB holding lBth2l CB2pons in
thBir h2nds, ThBy thrB2tBnBd to
kill iP CB oPPBrBd 2ny hBlp to
2nyonB, `nB oP thBm h2d B$Bn
o buZi sng sNm ngy ]#y r2
c.u chuyn, ti &2ng tr1 chuyn
$Ni $i ng!"i bn mNi trong lng,
hkng nhiLn, m/t &32 con tr2i trc
tuZi ti chy $6 ph>2 chEng ti
bo tin rng bo &/ng &e ]#y r2 V
$Wng l.n cn, -!=c bo &/ng,
chEng ti bt &Hu tD $ $ ch[ng
b2o l.u cu/c bo &/ng &e l2n
nh2nh nh! l)2 chy qu2 $Wng
chEng ti, Thot &Hu ti hFi bGi
rGi $ khng bi%t nguyLn nh.n nZ
r2 bo &/ng V -0, U/t ng!"i bn
cho ti bi%t rng $Wng ny khqt
ti%ng $6 nh+ng sD $* nh! th% do
sD thW nghIch gi+2 h2i &#ng phi,
-#ng ny cG gng trit h #nh
h!Vng c72 &#ng ki2 trong khu $Dc
$ sD m.u thu:n gi+2 h &e lm
m/t sG ng!"i thit mng $ g.y r2
sD b5t hnh cho nh+ng ng!"i $
t/i trong m/t th"i gi2n di, Ah+ng
#nh h!Vng c72 ch>nh quy6n khng
c0 hiu qu# V $Wng ny bVi n0 qu
]2 cc trung t.m quy6n lDc, 9c
phHn t) c72 h2i &#ng phi thW
nghIch $ th% hHu nh! &!=c tD do
hot &/ng, 9#nh st ch ]u5t hin
khi c0 tin t3c $6 $* bo &/ng $
th!"ng l r5t l.u s2u khi cc thit
hi &e ]#y r2,
Trong khi ti lng nghB gi#i th>ch
$6 tin t3c $ sD $ic ny, tnh th%
&e bkng chuy'n s2ng m/t b!Nc
ngo~t nguy hi'm, U/t ng!"i &n
ng &3ng cch chEng ti khng ]2
bkng chy $o nh, $ ch trong
$i phEt ngi nh c72 ng t2 bGc
l)2, 9c bn ti $ ti chy $6
ph>2 ngi nh &% dp tt l)2,
nh!ng chEng ti bI ng(n cn bVi
nh+ng ng!"i &n ng lDc l!=ng
m2ng $ kh> gi%t ng!"i trong t2y,
M d2 si gi%t chEng ti n%u
chEng ti giEp &Y b5t kl ng!"i
no, U/t ng!"i trong sG h thm
ch> &e dWng gy &nh $o &Hu ti,
Ag2y lp t3c chEng ti th5y mnh
khng ph#i l &Gi th7 c72 h,
struck mB on my hB2d Cith 2
stick, aB rB2lisBd inst2ntly th2t
CB CBrB no m2tch Por thBm 2nd
th2t discrBtion C2s thB bBttBr p2rt
$2lour, aB thBrBPorB dBcidBd to
procBBd no PurthBr,
Roon thB PirB Prom th2t housB
bBg2n to sprB2d 2nd sB$Br2l
housBs CBrB burning, ThBrB CBrB
Pr2ntic criBs Por hBlp, UBn,
ComBn 2nd childrBn CBrB running
in 2ll dirBctions in thBir dBsp2r2tB
2ttBmpts to s2$B Ch2tB$Br thBy
could Prom thB PirB, in spitB oP thB
intBrPBrBncB oP thB g2ngstBrs, ;
PBC oP thB unPortun2tB onBs CBrB
burnBd to dB2th, including thB
m2n Cho h2d sBt PirB to his oCn
housB, aB thBn concludBd th2t thB
m2n must h2$B bBBn so disgustBd
Cith Ch2t CB h2d sBBn Por so long
th2t hB h2d no morB dBsirB to li$B,
2nd this C2s his C2y oP putting 2n
Bnd to himsBlP, |t C2s indBBd 2
p2thBtic sight,
ThBn, 2PtBr sB$Br2l hours, thB
policB 2rri$Bd ChBn morB th2n 2
qu2rtBr oP thB $ill2gB h2d 2lrB2dy
bBBn burnBd to 2shBs, ThBy 2skBd
us sB$Br2l quBstions to Pind out iP
CB h2d oursBl$Bs p2rticip2tBd in
thB $iolBncB, ;s | C2s PorBignBr
Cho Could bB lB2$ing th2t $ill2gB
thB PolloCing d2y, | h2d thB
cour2gB to 2nsCBr 2ll thBir
quBstions 2nd to point out thB mBn
Cho h2d thrB2tBnBd to kill us,
ThosB mBn CBrB thBn 2rrBstBd
togBthBr Cith othBr suspBcts,
Q2rly nB]t morning, my p2rBnts
2nd | lBPt thB $ill2gB Cith no morB
dBsirB to rBT$isit this pl2cBu but
my mBmory oP this incidBnt Cill
rBm2in PrBsh PorB$Br,
&<ng th"i cng nhn r2 rng li6u
lnh lEc ny l khng th>ch h=p,
th% chEng ti quy%t &Inh khng
ti%n thLm b!Nc no n+2,
Trong phEt chGc l)2 t? ngi nh
chy l2n r2 $ $i ngi nh khc
cng bI chy, -.y &0 $2ng lLn
nh+ng ti%ng kLu c3u &iLn cu<ng,
-n ng, &n b $ tr} Bm chy
ton lon trong sD nk lDc tuyt
$ng &% c3u l5y b5t c3 ci g c0
th' t? ngn l)2 b5t k' sD c2n thip
c72 nh+ng tLn cn &<, U/t $i
ng!"i r7i ro bI thiLu cho &%n ch%t,
trong sG &0 c0 ng!"i &n ng &e
&Gt nh mnh, R2u &0 chEng ti
k%t lun rng h[n l ng!"i &n
ng &0 $ qu ghL tVm $Ni nh+ng
g chEng ti &e ch3ng ki%n trong
m/t th"i gi2n di &%n nki ng t2
khng muGn sGng n+2 $ &.y l
cch ng k%t thEc cu/c &"i ng,
Tht l m/t c#nh t!=ng bi
th!Fng,
<i s2u &0 $i gi" c#nh st ]u5t
hin khi hFn m/t phHn t! ngi
lng &e chy r2 tro, M ch5t $5n
chEng ti &' ]Bm chEng ti c0
th2m dD $o cu/c bo &/ng h2y
khng, l m/t ng!"i ngoi
quGc si r"i lng $o ngy hm
s2u, ti &e c2n &#m tr# l"i t5t c#
c.u hXi $ &i'm m~t nh+ng k} &e
&B d2 gi%t chEng ti, Ah+ng
ng!"i ny bI bt gi+ cWng $Ni
nh+ng ng!"i bI tnh nghi khc,
Rng sNm hm s2u bG m\ ti $
ti tm bit ngi lng m khng
mong trV liu nh!ng k> 3c $6 sD
kin ny si mei mei khng ph2i
m" trong ti,
New words:
m, incidBnt nnop bi%n cG
r, indBliblB n2ddop khng th' ty sch, khng th' g/t sch
s, $i$id n2ddop sGng &/ng, mnh mi
t, 2ll oP 2 suddBnp b5t thnh lnhu m/t cch b5t ng"
v, conPusBd n2ddop bGi rGi, lEng tEng
w, notorious n2ddop khqt ti%ng, c0 ti%ng ]5u
x, oCing to n2ddop do, $, bVi $
y, ri$2lry nnop sD knh &Ich, sD g2nh &u2
z, rBmotBnBss nnop sD ]2 ]i, h}o lnh
m{, 2bl2cB n2ddop rDc chy, bGc chy
mm, lBth2l CB2pons nnop $ kh> ch%t ng!"i
mr, discrBtion C2s thB bBttBr p2rt oP $2lourp li6u lnh &Eng chk th mNi
&ng li6u lnh
ms, Pr2ntic n2ddop &iLn cu<ng, &iLn r<
mt, dBspBr2tB n2ddop tuyt $ng, li6u mng, li6u lnh
mv, concludB n$op k%t lun
mw, disgustBd n2ddop chn ghqt, ph:n n/
"he value of music in the hainess of man
Bi mu
Uusic h2s 2lC2ys bBBn 2 sourcB
oP h2ppinBss to 2ll mBn on thB
B2rth, @rom thBir primiti$B d2ys,
mBnSs lo$B oP music h2s lBd thBm
to m2kB instrumBnts oP 2ll
dBscriptions to producB bB2utiPul
music Por thBir BndoymBnt 2nd
h2ppinBss,
aithout music thB Corld Could
indBBd bB 2 $Bry dull pl2cB to li$B
in, Q$Bn n2turB is Pull oP music,
ThBrB is music in thB mo$BmBnts
oP thB Cinds, thB sB2, 2s CBll 2s
thB trBBsu thBrB is music in thB
c2lls oP thB birds, PliBs 2nd insBcts
2nd 2lso in thB night oP thB birds
2nd 2nim2ls, |t is Prom 2ll thBsB
things th2t mBn h2$B lB2rnt to
2pprBci2tB thB $2luB oP music, ThB
s2mB things h2$B 2lso t2ught mBn
hoC to producB music Prom thB
simplBst oP things such 2s sticks,
b2mboos, 2nd 2nim2l horns, UBn
Bi dch
m nhc lun lun l ngu<n hnh
phEc cho mi ng!"i trLn tri &5t
ny, T? thuV b2n sF, l1ng s2y mL
.m nhc &e khi%n con ng!"i sng
to nh+ng nhc c* &7 loi &' to
r2 .m &iu tuyt $"i m2ng li
th>ch thE $ hnh phEc cho mnh,
fhng c0 .m nhc th% giNi thDc
sD trV thnh nFi c! ng* bu<n t},
Ag2y c# thiLn nhiLn cng trn &Hy
.m nhc, 90 ti%ng du d!Fng trong
nh+ng chuy'n &/ng c72 gi0, c72
bi'n c# cng nh! c72 c.y ]2nh,
90 .m &iu rqo rt trong ti%ng h0t
c72 chim ch0c, ti%ng $o $B c72
ru<i muki $ cn trWng cng nh!
.m th2nh trong ti%ng $k cnh b2y
&i h2y chy nh#y c72 chim $ thE
r?ng, T? &0 con ng!"i &e bi%t
c#m nhn gi trI c72 .m nhc,
9ng ch>nh nh+ng .m th2nh &0 &e
giEp con ng!"i to r2 .m nhc t?
nh+ng d*ng c* th sF nh5t nh!
m2kB m2ny kinds oP PlutBs Cith
b2mboos Chich producB bB2utiPul
music,
Th2t music is $Bry import2nt Por
mBnSs h2ppinBss is h2rd to dBny,
Uusic rBmo$Bs mBnSs dBprBssion
2nd Pills thBm Cith gl2dnBss, |t is
Por this rB2son th2t music is
pl2yBd B$Bn in hospit2ls to chBBr
up thB sick pBoplB,
;s music h2s thB c2p2city to m2kB
mBn h2ppy, it contributBs grB2tly
to mBnSs succBss in liPB, ; h2ppy
m2n is 2 good 2nd h2rd CorkBr,
MB Corks h2ppily 2mong pBoplB
2nd \2rns thB goodTCill or 2ll
2round, bBoplB likB to 2ssoci2tB
Cith him 2nd to Bmploy him in 2ll
kinds oP Cork, Thus, hB lB2ds 2
h2ppy 2nd succBssPul liPB,
ThB $2luB oP music in thB
h2ppinBss oP m2n is thBrBPorB
grB2t,
gy, trB $ s?ng &/ng $t, 9on
ng!"i &e ch% to r2 nhi6u loi so
bng trB pht r2 nh+ng .m th2nh
du d!Fng,
fh0 m ph7 nhn rng nhc r5t
qu2n trng tNi hnh phEc con
ng!"i, m nhc ]o2 dIu nki bu<n
c72 con ng!"i $ lm h trn &Hy
ni6m $ui, -0 l lJ do ti s2o .m
nhc &!=c s) d*ng trong bnh
$in &' kh>ch l tinh thHn bnh
nh.n,
.m nhc c0 th' lm cho con
ng!"i hnh phEc, n0 g0p phHn
qu2n trng cho sD thnh cng c72
cn ng!"i trong cu/c sGng, U/t
ng!"i hnh phEc l m/t ng!"i
lm $ic tGt $ siLng n(ng, ;nh t2
lm $ic gi+2 mi ng!"i $ lun
&!=c mi ng!"i yLu m%n, Ag!"i
t2 th>ch k%t bn $Ni 2nh t2, th>ch
thuL 2nh t2 lm mi cng $ic,
th% cu/c sGng c72 2nh t2 lun
sung s!Nng $ thnh cng,
T0m li .m nhc c0 gi trI to lNn
trong hnh phEc con ng!"i,
New words:
m, instrumBnt nnop nhc c*
r, 2pprBci2tB n$op &nh gi &Eng, &nh gi c2o, hi'u r gi trI, th!Vng th3c
s, PlutB nnop Gng so
t, c2p2city nnop c0 kh# n(ng
v, 2ssoci2tB n$op k%t gi2o, gi2o thip
"he advantages and disadvantages of the cinema
Bi mu
ThB inPluBncB th2t thB cinBm2
B]Brts on thB minds oP thosB Cho
$isit it is 2t oncB bBnBPici2l 2nd
h2rmPul,
Bi dch
Ah+ng #nh h!Vng m rp chi%u
phim tc &/ng &%n t! t!Vng c72
cc khn gi# &%n ]Bm $?2 c0 l=i
cng $?2 c0 hi,
Tod2y, thBrB is 2 cinBm2 in 2lmost
B$Bry toCn, ThB cinBm2 pro$idBs
so much BntBrt2inmBnt th2t PBC
pBoplB P2il to $isit it, `nB oP thB
rB2sons Por thB popul2rity oP thB
cinBm2 is th2t, it BntBrt2ins 2ll
typBs oP pBoplB, young 2nd old,
litBr2tB 2nd illitBr2tB, hBc2usB it is
so popul2r, it must B]BrcisB somB
inPluBncB on thosB Chom it
2ttr2cts,
ThB Pilms shoCn in thB cinBm2 2rB
oPtBn $Bry instructi$B 2nd
inPorm2ti$B, ;lmost B$Bry Pilm
shoCs somBthing 2bout thB
2cti$itiBs 2nd customs oP thB
pBoplB in othBr l2nds, hy sBBing
such Pilms, onB lB2rns 2 lot 2bout
hum2n 2cti$itiBs, `nB 2lso g2ins 2
bBttBr undBrst2nding oP pBoplB oP
thB Corld,
@urthBr, somB Pilms shoC thB
b2ttlBs th2t CBrB Pought in thB
p2st, ThBy 2lso somBtimBs shoC
$Bry $i$idly hoC m2n h2s
strugglBd through thB cBnturiBs to
rBmo$B discomPort Prom his liPB,
|n this C2y, somB Pilms h2$B
gi$Bn m2ny pBoplB 2n insight into
thB p2st, Q$Bn illitBr2tB pBoplB
h2$B bBnBPitBd Prom such Pilms,
ah2t thBy c2nnot 2cquirB Prom
books oCing to thBir in2bility to
rB2d, thBy c2n 2cquirB Prom Pilms,
Rchool studBnts, too, oPtBn bBnBPit
Prom 2 $isit to thB cinBm2, ah2t
thBy sBB 2nd hB2r in thB cinBm2
m2kBs 2 bBttBr imprBssion on thBir
minds th2n only thB spokBn Cords
or thBir tB2chBrs, @or B]2mplB, 2
tB2chBr oP history c2n h2rdly
dBscribB 2 b2ttlB scBnB to his
studBnts 2s $i$idly 2s 2 Pilm doBs,
@or 2ll thBsB rB2sons, thB cinBm2
is oPtBn rBg2rdBd 2s 2n import2nt
mB2ns oP sprB2ding knoClBdgB,
|t must bB 2dmittBd, hoCB$Br, th2t
Agy n2y hHu nh! thnh phG, thI
tr5n no cng c0 rp chi%u b0ng,
p chi%u b0ng m2ng li sD gi#i
tr> to lNn &%n nki khng m5y 2i
ch!2 t?ng &%n rp &' ]Bm phim,
U/t trong nh+ng lJ do lm cho
rp chi%u b0ng &!=c !2 th>ch l $
&.y l ph!Fng tin gi#i tr> c72 mi
ng!"i d.n, dW gi h2y tr}, tr> th3c
h2y th5t hc, phim #nh kh phZ
bi%n, n0 c0 tc &/ng &%n nh+ng
ng!"i th>ch ]Bm phim,
Ah+ng b/ phim &!=c chi%u V rp
th!"ng c0 t>nh ch5t truy6n b ki%n
th3c $ thng tin, MHu nh! mki b/
phim &6u k' chuyn $6 nh+ng
sinh hot, phong t*c c72 con
ng!"i V nh+ng ]3 sV khc, hng
cch ]Bm phim, ng!"i t2 hc
&!=c r5t nhi6u $6 sinh hot con
ng!"i, Ag!"i t2 cng c0 th' hi'u
nhi6u hFn $6 cc d.n t/c trLn th%
giNi,
MFn n+2, c0 nh+ng phim k' $6
cc cu/c chi%n tr2nh trong qu
kh3, Ahi6u b/ phim k' li m/t
cch r5t sinh &/ng cu/c &5u tr2nh
c72 con ng!"i qu2 hng th% k &'
c#i thin &"i sGng c72 mnh, hng
cch ny phim #nh &e cho con
ng!"i ci nhn s.u sc $6 qu kh3,
Ag2y c# ng!"i hc cng thu &!=c
nhi6u l=i >ch khi ]Bm cc phim
ny, M c0 th' ]Bm phim &' nm
bt &!=c nh+ng &i6u m h khng
&c &!=c trong sch $ mW ch+,
Mc sinh, sinh $iLn cng hc
&!=c nhi6u &i6u bZ >ch s2u khi
]Bm phim, T5t c# nh+ng &i6u h
nghB $ th5y trong phim c0 5n
t!=ng s.u &m trong tr> t!Vng c72
h hFn b5t kl bi gi#ng no c72
gio $iLn, 9h[ng hn m/t gio
$iLn lIch s) hHu nh! khng th'
miLu t# cho hc sinh qu2ng c#nh
trn &nh sinh &/ng nh! phim
#nh, th% phim #nh &!=c ]Bm l
m/t ph!Fng tin qu2n trng &'
somB Pilms h2$B B]BrtBd 2n B$il
inPluBncB on m2ny pBoplB, @ilms
Chich shoC thB 2cti$itiBs oP
crimin2ls h2$B Bncour2gBd m2ny
youths to commit 2cts or crimB,
`thBr Pilms, too, such 2s thosB
dB2ling Cith sB] 2nd othBr n2tur2l
CB2knBssBs oP m2n, h2$B
corruptBd thB mor2ls oP m2ny
pBoplB, ;s 2 rBsult, thB
go$BrnmBnts oP m2ny countriBs
h2$B bBBn compBllBd to intBrPBrB
in thB displ2y 2nd production oP
cBrt2in Pilms, Bt, thB cinBm2
continuBs to rBt2in its popul2rity,
truy6n b ki%n th3c,
Tuy nhiLn ph#i th?2 nhn rng
phim #nh &e g.y r2 #nh h!Vng t/i
lki cho nhi6u ng!"i, Ah+ng b/
phim $6 cc hot &/ng t/i phm
&e khuyLn kh>ch nhi6u th2nh niLn
phm php, Ah+ng b/ phim khc
$6 tnh d*c $ b#n n(ng y%u &uGi
c72 con ng!"i &e lm suy &<i &o
&3c c72 kh nhi6u ng!"i, $y
ch>nh quy6n c72 nhi6u n!Nc &e
bu/c ph#i c2n thip $o $ic s#n
]u5t $ trnh chi%u phim #nh, _W
$y, rp chi%u phim $:n ti%p t*c
duy tr &!Fc t>nh &i chEng c72
mnh,
New words:
m, BntBrt2inmBnt nnop sD gi#i tr>, sD tiLu khi'n
r, BntBrt2in n$op ph*c $*
s, litBr2tB n2ddop c0 hc, bi%t &c bi%t $i%t
illitBr2tB n2ddop mW ch+ th5t hc
t, strugglB n$op &5u tr2nh
v, 2cquirB n$op &!=c, ginh &!=c, thu &!=c
w, rBg2rd n$op coi nh!, ]Bm nh!
x, commit n$op phm php, c2n phm $o
y, CB2knBss nnop &i'm y%u, khuy%t &i'm, lki
z, corrupt n$op lm b(ng hoi, lm cho &<i bi
m{, mor2ls nnop &o &3c, &3c hnh, phm hnh
$escri#e some of the interesting laces in your country
Bi mu
Though my country is sm2ll, yBt
thBrB 2rB m2ny pl2cBs oP intBrBst
sprB2d throughout thB country,
|n thB southBrn most p2rt oP thB
country, ChBrB thB st2tB oP ohorB
liBs, thBrB 2rB somB $Bry
intBrBsting 2nd bB2utiPul pl2cBs, |n
fot2 Tinggi, Por B]2mplB, thBrB
2rB bB2utiPul C2tBrP2lls Chich 2rB
Bi dch
_W ch l m/t quGc gi2 nhX bq
nh!ng trLn khp &5t n!Nc ti c0
r5t nhi6u thng c#nh,
$Wng cDc n2m c72 &5t n!Nc, nFi
c0 ti'u b2ng ohorB, c0 r5t nhi6u
c#nh sc &\p &i $ thE $I, fot2
Tinggi ch[ng hn c0 nh+ng thc
n!Nc tuyt $"i m hng ngy c0
r5t nhi6u du khch &%n chiLm
$isitBd by m2ny pBoplB B$Bryd2y,
ThBn, thBrB is ohorB O2m2, 2
pl2cB oP grB2t historic2l intBrBst,
|n ohorB h2hru, thBrB is 2
bB2utiPul bB2ch Chich is $isitBd
d2ily by sB$Br2l pBoplB Cho lo$B
thB sB2, |n h2tu b2h2t, 2nothBr
toCn in ohorB, is Uiny2k huku,
2n intBrBsting pl2cB on thB co2st,
;s CB go toC2rds thB north, CB
2rri$B 2t U2l2cc2, thB oldBst toCn
th2t thB QuropB2ns occupiBd in
U2l2y2 in thB p2st, ThB inPluBncBs
oP thB bortuguBsB 2nd thB _utch
c2n still bB sBBn in m2ny oP thB
buildings thBrB,
@urthBr north liBs bort _ickson
Chich is CBll knoCn Por its
bB2utiPul bB2chBs,
|n fu2l2 Oumpur, thB c2pit2l oP
U2l2ysi2, thBrB 2rB m2ny pl2cBs
oP intBrBst such 2s h2tu 92$Bs, thB
coo 2nd thB musBum, ThB city
itsBlP is 2n intBrBsting pl2cB to
$isit,
;nothBr bB2utiPul toCn is bBn2ng,
situ2tBd on 2n isl2nd, ThB sB2
2round it m2kBs it thB most
bB2utiPul toCn in thB country,
@in2lly, thB p2ddy Piclds in thB
northBrn most p2rts oP thB country
2rB 2lso $Bry bB2utiPul 2nd
intBrBsting to look 2t, `n thB B2st
co2st oP thB country too thBrB 2rB
somB bB2utiPul toCns such 2s
fu2nt2n 2nd fu2l2 TrBng2nu, ;ll
thBsB pl2cBs h2$B indBBd m2dB my
country 2n intBrBsting pl2cB to
li$B in,
ng!Yng, R2u &0 l ohorB O2m2,
m/t thng cnh lIch s) nZi ti%ng,
ohorB h2hru c0 m/t bei bi'n
&\p m nhi6u ng!"i yLu bi'n
th!"ng ghq &%n mki ngy, h2tu
b2h2t, m/t thI tr5n khc c72
ohorB, c0 Uiny2k huku, m/t
phong c#nh lJ thE $Wng duyLn
h#i,
6 ph>2 bc chEng t2 &%n
U2l2cc2, thI tr5n cZ ]!2 nh5t m
ng!"i ch.u u &e chi%m &0ng ti
U2l2y2 tr!Nc &.y, 90 th' th5y
trLn cc to nh V &.y d5u 5n s.u
&m c72 ng!"i h< -o Ah2 $ M
O2n,
2 hFn $6 ph>2 bc l c#ng
_ickson nZi ti%ng $Ni nh+ng bei
bi'n &\p,
fu2l2 Oumpur th7 & U2l2y]i2
c0 nhi6u thng c#nh nh! h2ng
&/ng h2tu, $!"n thE $ $in b#o
tng, Ag2y ch>nh thnh phG ny
cng l m/t nFi thE $I cho du
khch th2m qu2n,
U/t thI tr5n ]inh &\p khc l
bBn2ng, to lc trLn m/t h1n &#o,
Wng bi'n qu2nh &#o giEp cho
bBn2ng trV thnh thnh phG &\p
nh5t c72 &5t n!Nc,
9uGi cWng l nh+ng cnh &<ng lE2
V $Wng cDc bc c72 &5t n!Nc, to
nLn c#nh qu2n &\p mt $ h5p
d:n, Ti $Wng bi'n ph>2 &ng c72
&5t n!Nc cng c0 m/t $i thI tr5n
]inh &\p nh! fu2nt2n $ fu2l2
TrBng2lu, T5t c# nh+ng thng
cnh ny tht sD lm cho &5t n!Nc
chEng ti trV thnh m/t $Wng &5t
tuyt $"i &' sinh sGng,
New words:
m, C2tBrP2ll nnop thc n!Nc
r, occupy n$op chi%m, chi%m lnh, chi%m c3
s, situ2tB n$op nm, ].y dDng V
t, p2ddy PiBld nnop ru/ng lE2, cnh &<ng, n!Fng lE2
(hat career )ould you li*e to choose after leaving school
Bi mu
Tod2y, it is not B2sy to choosB 2
c2rBBr, MundrBds oP studBnts p2ss
$2rious B]2min2tions B$Bry yB2r
2nd compBtB Cith onB 2nothBr Por
positions in thB $2rious
proPBssions Chich 2rB not so
m2ny 2s thBrB 2rB 2pplic2nts, |
Could, hoCB$Br, likB to choosB
tB2ching 2s my c2rBBr,
TB2ching is 2n intBrBsting c2rBBr
Por sB$Br2l rB2sons, ;s 2 tB2chBr |
c2n lB2rn m2ny things, BspBci2lly
iP | tB2ch to 2n uddBrTsBcond2ry
school, |P | tB2ch Mistory or
Qnglish, Por B]2mplB, | h2$B to
rB2d m2ny books to m2kB my
tB2ching lBssons morB intBrBsting
to my pupils, Thus, | c2n 2cquirB
morB knoClBdgB oP thB subdBcts
th2t | tB2ch th2n Ch2t | c2n lB2rn
Prom thB cl2ss tB]t books, |t is
indBBd 2 P2ct th2t 2 tB2chBr lB2rns
2 lot Prom thB cl2ss tB]t booksu but
th2t is h2rdly Bnough to m2kB thB
tB2chBrSs lBssons intBrBsting to
pupils, ; good tB2chBr must
thBrBPorB rB2d m2ny othBr books,
;g2in, 2s 2 tB2chBr, | h2$B to
spB2k CBll so th2t my pupils Cill
bB 2blB to undBrst2nd my
instructions CBll, |n this C2y | c2n
impro$B my poCBrs oP
B]prBssion, Q$Bn my
pronunci2tion oP Cords Cill
impro$B to grB2t B]tBnt,
@urthBr, 2s 2 tB2chBr, | sh2ll h2$B
Bnough lBisurB to rB2d 2nd prBp2rB
Bi dch
Agy n2y, chn ngh6 l m/t &i6u
ch[ng d4 dng, Mng tr(m sinh
$iLn tr#i qu2 nhi6u kl thi mki n(m
$ tr2nh &u2 $Ni nh2u &' ginh
chk trong nhi6u ngnh ngh6 khc
nh2u m sG l!=ng >t Xi hFn nhi6u
so $Ni sG 3ng c) $iLn, 91n ti, ti
muGn trV thnh m/t thHy gio,
90 nhi6u lJ do &' cho rng dy
hc l m/t ngh6 thE $I, Om gio
$iLn ti c0 th' hc hXi &!=c nhi6u
&i6u, &~c bit n%u ti dy N m/t
tr!"ng trung hc phZ thng, A%u
ti dy OIch s) h2y ;nh $(n
ch[ng hn, ti ph#i &c nhi6u sch
&' bi gi#ng trV nLn thE $I hFn &Gi
$Ni hc sinh, Ah! $y ti si ti%p
thu &!=c nhi6u ki%n th3c $6 cc
&6 ti mnh &2ng dy hFn l
nh+ng g c0 th' &c qu2 sch gio
kho2 V lNp, u# thDc khng th'
ph7 nhn rng m/t gio $iLn hc
&!=c r5t nhi6u &i6u t? sch gio
kho2u nh!ng nh! th% $:n ch!2 &7
&' lm cho bi hc h5p d:n $Ni
hc sinh, U/t gio $iLn giXi ph#i
&c nhi6u quy'n sch khc n+2,
T!Fng tD, &' lm m/t gio $iLn
giXi ti ph#i c0 kh# n(ng di4n &t
tGt &' hc sinh c0 th' hi'u &!=c
nh+ng ch d:n c72 mnh, hng
cch ny ti c0 th' pht tri'n kh#
n(ng di4n &t c72 mnh, Ag2y c#
cch pht .m c72 ti cng si tGt
hFn nhi6u,
MFn n+2, n%u l m/t gio $iLn ti
si c0 &7 th"i gi2n r#nh rki &' &c
Por $2rious B]2min2tions, |t is
possiblB tod2y to sit Por m2ny
import2nt B]2min2tions by
studying BntirBly 2t homB, Thus, |
c2n 2cquirB import2nt
qu2liPic2tions,
@in2lly, 2s 2 tB2chBr | Cill bB
rBspBctBd 2s 2n Bduc2tBd pBrson,
bBoplB Cill 2ssumB th2t | h2$B
cBrt2in qu2liPic2tions 2nd shoC
thBir rBg2rd Por mB 2nd thB
opinions th2t | B]prBss, Thus, |
sh2ll bB 2blB to li$B 2 h2ppy
sch $ n luyn cho nhi6u kl thi
khc nh2u, Agy n2y chEng t2 c0
th' hon ton tD hc V nh &' n
luyn cho nhi6u kl thi qu2n trng,
Ah" $y ti c0 th' c0 nh+ng bng
c5p qu2n trong,
9uGi cWng, khi lm gio $iLn ti
si &!=c k>nh trng nh! m/t ng!"i
tr> th3c, Ui ng!"i si cng nhn
rng ti c0 n(ng lDc, h si coi
trng ti cng nh! nh+ng J ki%n
ti &!2 r2, Ah! $y cu/c sGng c72
ti si r5t hnh phEc,
New words:
m, c2rBBr nnop ngh6 nghip, sD nghip
r, 2pplic2nt nnop ng!"i ]in $ic
s, uppBrTsBcond2ry schoolp tr!"ng trung hc, phZ thng, c5p b2
t, pronunci2tion nnop sD pht .m, cch pht .m
v, lBisurB nnop th"i gi2n nhn rki
x, BntirBly n2d$op hon ton, ton $\n, trn $\n
x, qu2liPic2tion nnop kh# n(ng chuyLn mn, trnh &/ chuyLn mn, tiLu
chun chuyLn mn, $(n bng, hc $I
y, rBspBct n$op k>nh trng, tn trng
z, 2ssumB n$op cho rng, th?2 nhn
(hy is agriculture imortant in the )orld of today+
Bi mu
RincB thB d2Cn oP history,
2griculturB h2s bBBn onB oP thB
import2nt mB2ns oP producing
Pood Por hum2n consumption,
Tod2y morB 2nd morB l2nds 2rB
bBing dB$BlopBd Por thB
production oP 2 l2rgB $2riBty oP
crops, |n ;si2, $2st 2rB2s oP l2nd
2rB bBing usBd to producB ricB,
ChB2t, rubbBr 2nd 2 $2riBty oP
othBr crops, UorB th2n h2lP oP thB
l2nds occupiBd 2nd dB$BlopBd by
hum2n bBings in thB Corld 2rB
dB$otBd to 2griculturB,
Bi dch
T? buZi bnh minh c72 lIch s),
nng nghip &e trV thnh ph!Fng
tin s#n ]u5t thDc phm qu2n
trng cho con ng!"i tiLu th*, Min
n2y ngy cng c0 nhi6u &5t &2i
&!=c kh2i khn &' s#n ]u5t nh+ng
$* mW2 lNn, ch.u nh+ng
$Wng &5t mLnh mng &2ng &!=c
s) d*ng &' tr<ng lE2 go, lE2
mch, c2o su $ nhi6u ho2 mu
khc, MFn m/t n)2 din t>ch &5t
&2i m con ng!"i &e chi%m h+u
$ kh2i ph trLn th% giNi &!=c
dnh &' pht tri'n nng nghip,
Th2t 2griculturB is onB oP thB most
BssBnti2l mB2ns oP producing Pood
is rB2lisBd B2sily ChBn CB think oP
thB typBs oP things th2t CB B2t,
ThB ricB or ChB2t th2t CB B2t
comBs Prom thB l2nd, Q$Bn
pot2toBs 2nd othBr roots or
$BgBt2blBs 2nd B$Bn lB2$Bs such
2s tB2, 2s CBll 2s thB Pruits th2t
mBn B2t 2rB thB products oP thB
soil th2t co$Brs thB B2rth, |n P2ct,
B$Brything th2t CB B2t, B]cBpt
mB2t, Pish 2nd othBr kinds oP PlBsh
comB Prom thB l2nd, 2nd Ch2t
groCs on thB l2nd is p2rt oP
2griculturB, Q$Bn thB sug2r, oil,
coPPBB 2nd othBr bB$Br2gBs th2t
CB usB 2rB products oP pl2nts th2t
groC on l2nd, |n thB s2mB C2y,
m2ny oP thB mBdicinBs th2t CB usB
2rB m2dB oP pl2nts th2t groC in
$2rious p2rts oP thB Corld, ThB
tob2cco th2t CB usB Por rBl2]2tion
2lso comBs Prom 2 pl2nt,
Thus, it c2n bB B2sily obsBr$Bd
th2t Cithout 2griculturB CB Could
bB 2lmost Cithout Pood, |t is truB,
hoCB$Br, th2t in thB rBmotB p2st
mBn did li$B m2inly on PlBsh th2t
hB obt2inBd by hunting, hut such
2 kind oP liPB C2s unh2ppy 2nd
incon$BniBnt, Por 2nim2ls CBrB
not Pound B$BryChBrB B2sily,
ThBrBPorB, mBn turnBd to
2griculturB Por his li$Blihood,
Tod2y, 2griculturB continuBs to
pro$idB 2lmost 2ll thB Pood th2t
mBn rBquirB to sur$i$B on thB
B2rth,
THm qu2n trng thi%t y%u c72
nng nghip trong $2i tr1 ph!Fng
tin s#n ]u5t thDc phm c0 th'
&!=c d4 dng nhn r2 khi chEng t2
ngh &%n cc loi thDc phm mnh
th!"ng (n, OE2 go $ lE2 mch
chEng t2 (n mc t? &<ng ru/ng,
Ag2y c# kho2i t.y h2y nh+ng loi
r2u c7 khc, k' c# l c.y nh! l
tr, cng nh! cc loi tri c.y m
cng l s#n phm c72 lNp &5t b2o
ph7 b6 m~t tri &5t, TrLn thDc t%,
t5t c# nh+ng g chEng t2 (n tr?
thIt, c $ nh+ng th3 thIt sGng
khc &6u sinh r2 t? &5t &2i, $
nh+ng g mc trLn &5t &6u l m/t
phHn c72 nng nghip, Ag2y c#
&!"ng, dHu, c phL $ cc th3c
uGng khc cng &6u l s#n phm
c72 thDc $t mc trLn &5t, T!Fng
tD, nhi6u $I thuGc chEng t2 l5y t?
cc thDc $t V nhi6u nFi trLn th%
giNi, ThuGc l m chEng t2 dWng
&' th! gien cng l5y t? m/t loi
c.y,
Ah! $y d4 dng nhn th5y rng
khng c0 nng nghip, chEng t2
hHu nh! cng khng c0 thDc
phm, Tuy nhiLn sD tht l $o
th"i ]2 ]!2 con ng!"i sGng ch7
y%u nh" $o thIt &/ng $t ki%m
&!=c khi s(n bn, Ah!ng m/t
cu/c sGng nh! th% khng sung
s!Nng $ tho#i mi bVi $ khng
ph#i V &.u cng d4 dng tm th5y
thE $t, $y con ng!"i chuy'n
s2ng nng nghip &' nui sGng
b#n th.n h, Agy n2y, nng
nghip ti%p t*c cung c5p phHn lNn
l!Fng thDc cHn thi%t cho sD t<n ti
c72 loi ng!"i trLn tri &5t,
New words:
m, d2Cn nnop bnh minh, buZi &Hu
r, 2griculturB nnop nng nghip
s, consumption nnop sD tiLu th*, sD tiLu dWng
t, $2riBty nnop nhi6u th3 &7 moi, sD &2 dng
v, PlBsh p thIt
w, rBmotB n2ddop ]2 ]i, ]2 ](m
x, incon$BniBnt n2ddop b5t tin, thi%u tin nghi
y, li$Blihood nnop ph!Fng k% sinh nh2i, sinh k%
Phn ,
A heroic deed
ThB story oP m2n is Pull oP hBroic dBBds, `nB oP thB 2cts oP hBroism th2t |
h2$B sBBn mysBlP C2s th2t oP my unclB, Cho C2s 2tt2ckBd by 2 hugB tigBr
ChilB CB CBrB in our pl2nt2tion, onB d2y,
Uy unclB, 2 young 2nd CBllTbuilt m2n, 2nd | h2d lBPt our homB B2rly in thB
morning to do somB Cork in thB pl2nt2tion, ahBn CB rB2chBd thBrB, CB
could hB2r somB dogs b2rking in thB dist2ncB, hut CB did not suspBct
2nything, 2nd bBg2n to do our Cork,
ahilB CB CBrB Corking, hoCB$Br, CB noticBd somB PootTprints oP somB
2nim2l, aB thBn B]2minBd thBm closBly 2nd CBrB s2tisPiBd th2t thBy did not
bBlong to 2ny mBmbBr oP thB c2t P2mily, thB most PBrocious oP 2nim2ls, aB
thBn rBsumBd our Cork, Uy unclB took 2 long kniPB 2nd bBg2n to cut somB
sticks 2nd br2nchBs oP pl2nts sc2ttBrBd throughout thB pl2nt2tion, ChilB | did
somB othBr Cork, Roon, hoCB$Br, | s2C 2 mo$BmBnt in thB bush, 2 short
dist2ncB 2C2y, | C2s 2l2rmBd, | r2n up to my unclB to dr2C his 2ttBntion, but
hB C2s h2rdly intBrBstBd in Ch2t | h2d to s2y, MB continuBd to do his Cork,
hut shortly 2PtBrC2rds, my unclB himsBlP obsBr$Bd thB mo$BmBnt in thB
bush, Bt, hB shoCBd no signs oP PB2r, 2nd his composurB dispBllBd my
2n]iBtiBs, MB C2rnBd mB, hoCB$Br, to bB c2rBPul, 2nd pickBd up 2n 2]B th2t
h2d bBBn lying on thB ground, Mis kniPB, hB g2$B to mB, ThBn, hB mo$Bd
sloCly 2nd c2utiously toC2rds thB bush, rB2dy Por 2ny 2tt2ck,
To our horror, 2 hugB tigBr soon BmBrgBd Prom thB bush, hut my unclB C2s
prBp2rBd to P2cB it, to Bsc2pB sBBmBd impossiblB, ThB tigBr too sBBmBd to bB
Pully 2C2rB oP thB strBngth 2nd cour2gB oP its 2d$Brs2ry, |t p2usBd sB$Br2l
timBs ChilB 2d$2ncing toC2rds my unclB, ThBn 2ll oP 2 suddBn, it spr2ng on
my unclB, but his 2gility Bn2blBd him to Bsc2pB thB sh2rp cl2Cs oP thB brutB
Cith thB slightBst indury, AoC Cith thB 2]B still in his Pirm grip, my unclB
struck thB tigBrs P2cB 2g2in 2nd 2g2in, until it C2s blBBding proPusBly, ThB
lBngth oP thB h2ndlB oP thB 2]B m2dB it diPPicult Por thB tigBr to gBt to closB to
my unclB, Th2t thB tigBr C2s 2t 2 dis2d$2nt2gB C2s clB2r to mB Prom thB
bBginning,
|n thB Bnd, hoCB$Br, thB tigBr coll2psBd 2nd diBd, aithin hours, 2PtBr th2t 2ll
thB pBoplB in our 2rB2 hB2rd oP my unclBSs br2$Bry, Chich s2$Bd us both
Prom dB2th, |t C2s indBBd 2 grB2tBst 2ct oP hBroism th2t | h2d CitnBssBd,
-.( (/0$%1
m, hBroic dBBd nnop hnh &/ng dng c#m
r, pl2nt2tion nnop &<n &i6n, $!"n c.y, khu &5t tr<ng trt
s, CBllTbuilt n2ddop lDc l!Yng, c!"ng trng
t, suspBct n$op nghi, nghi ng", hoi nghi, ng" $Dc
v, PBrocious n2ddop d+ t=n, hung c
w, composurB nnop sD bnh tnh, sD &i6m tnh
x, c2utiously n2d$op cn thn, thn trng
y , horror nnop nki kinh hong, sD khi%p s=, sD ghL r=n
z, spring nspr2ngTsprungo n$op nh#y, bt mnh
m{, 2gility nnop sD nh2nh nh\n, sD l\ lng, sD l2nh l=i
mm, proPusBly n2d$op !Nt &:m, nhi6u, d<i do
mr, coll2psB n$op &Z s*p ]uGng, nge g*c
2rimes in society
ThB hum2n sociBty is Pull oP 2cti$ity, bBoplB Cork in 2ll kinds oP businBss
@irms, go$BrnmBnt oPPicBs, P2ctoriBs 2nd othBr pl2cBs, to B2rn thBir
li$Blihood, RomB Cork Prom d2Cn till d2rku m2ny Cork only 2t nightu 2nd
othBrs Cork during thB d2y, ;t thB s2mB timB mBn Cith crimin2l tBndBncy
2rB Bng2gBd in 2ll kinds oP 2cti$ity, Chich oPtBn c2usB grB2t h2rdship 2nd
sorroC to 2 l2rgB numbBr oP pBoplB in sociBty,
UBn dB$Blop crimin2l tBndBnciBs bBc2usB oP numBrous Prustr2tions, RociBty
h2s 2lC2ys P2ilBd to s2tisPy thB soci2l, Bmotion2l 2nd othBr nBBds oP 2 l2rgB
numbBr oP pBoplB, m2ny oP Chom h2$B thBrBPorB turnBd to crimB Por BithBr
sur$i$2l or rBcognition, ThB 2cti$itiBs oP such mBn rBprBsBnt 2 const2nt
thrB2t to thB CBlP2rB sociBty, 2nd much bBing donB to rBPorm thBm,
hut crimin2ls c2nnot bB rBPormBd until thBy 2rB 2pprBhBndBd, hy th2t timB,
hundrBds oP pBoplB 2rB PorcBd to li$B in PB2r 2t thB h2nds oP crimin2ls, Cho
rBsort to $iolBncB 2t thB slightBst pro$oc2tion, AumBrous pBoplB oP $2rious
dBscriptions h2$B bBBn killBd by crimin2ls Cithout propBr c2usB, RociBty is
thBrBPorB str2ining 2ll its rBsourcBs to bring crimin2ls to dusticB, O2rgB sums
oP monBy 2rB bBing spBnt to Bmploy mBn 2nd BquipmBnt Por thB prB$Bntion
2nd dBtBction oP crimB,
9rimin2ls 2rB dBspBr2tB mBn, 2nd ChBn thBy 2rB pursuBd, thBy Pight tooth
2nd n2il to Bsc2pB c2pturB, ThBrBPorB, thosB Cho 2rB BmployBd to c2pturB
thBm h2$B to bB br2$B, intBlligBnt 2nd CBllTtr2inBd mBn, To h2$B such mBn
2lC2ys on thB 2lBrt Por thB protBction oP sociBty in$ol$Bs much B]pBnditurB,
bunishmBnt oP crimin2ls tod2y, hoCB$Br, is not thB s2mB 2s Ch2t it C2s in
thB p2st, RociBty h2s rB2licBd its rBsponsibility toC2rds indi$idu2ls Cho
2lC2ys Pind 2 bonB to pick Cith >t, |t is noC bBliB$Bd th2t crimin2ls could bB
rBPormBd, ThBrBPorB, psychologists 2nd othBrs Cho 2rB rBsponsiblB Por thB
CBlP2rB oP crimin2ls 2rB doing thBir utmost to tr2in crimin2ls to li$B 2 good
liPB in thB PuturB, `nly thosB Cho commit thB most sBrious crimBs 2rB
punishBd sB$BrBly to dBtBr othBrs Prom committing such crimBs,
-.( (/0$%1
m, tBndBncy nnop ]u h!Nng, khuynh h!Nng
r, Bng2gB n$op th2m gi2 $o
s, h2rdship nnop sD th) thch g2y gou sD gi2n khZ
t, numBrous n2ddop nhi6u, &ng &#o
v, Prustr2tion nnop t.m trng th5t $ng, t.m trng $Y m/ng, sD lm th5t bi,
sD lm hXng
w, CBlP2rB nnop hnh phEc, sD thInh $!=ng
x, pro$oc2tion nnop sD khiLu kh>ch
y, CBllTtr2inBd nnop &!=c gio d*c tGt
z, B]pBnditurB nnop chi ph>, ph> tZn
m{, utmost n2ddop m3c sGng
A strange haening
ThB mystBriBs oP n2turB h2$B 2lC2ys P2scin2tBd thB hum2n mind, 2nd m2ny
oP thBm rBm2in unsol$Bd Por 2 long timB, ThB story th2t | 2m 2bout to rBl2tB
concBrns 2 mystBrious rBl2tionship bBtCBBn 2 b2by boy 2nd 2 sn2kB
somBChBrB in U2l2ysi2,
| C2s indBBd intriguBd ChBn | rB2d 2 rBport in 2 nBCsp2pBr somBtimB 2go
th2t 2 sn2kB h2d suddBnly 2ppB2rBd in 2 room, Cith thB birth oP 2 child 2nd
th2t it h2d 2ttBmptBd to shoC somB rBl2tionship Cith thB child, | could h2rdly
bBliB$B it, ThB rBport 2ddBd th2t thB mothBr or thB child C2s Pin2lly
con$incBd th2t thBrB C2s indBBd somB rBl2tionship bBtCBBn hBr child 2nd thB
sn2kB 2nd shB 2lloCBd thB sn2kB complBtB PrBBdom to pl2y 2nd li$B Cith thB
child, To m2kB surB th2t thB rBport C2s truB, | m2dB up my mind to $isit thB
housB ChBrB this unn2tur2l rBl2tionship bBtCBBn 2 rBptilB 2nd 2 hum2n bBing
C2s Bst2blishBd,
ThBn, onB morning, my brothBrs, sistBrs 2nd | 2rri$Bd 2t thB housB, not $Bry
P2r Prom ours, ;s CB BntBr thB housB CB CBrB grB2tly surprisBd to Pind 2
b2by boy 2nd 2 l2rgB sn2kB pl2ying Cith B2ch othBr mirthPully, Roon, thB
mothBr oP thB child 2ppB2rBd 2nd n2rr2tBd thB B$Bnts th2t lBd to thB sn2kB
2nd thB child to li$B togBthBr, |t sBBms th2t thB sn2kB C2s Pound lying nB2r
thB b2by dust 2 PBC hours 2PtBr thB b2by C2s born, ; m2n C2s c2llBd in to
kill thB sn2kBu but B$Bry timB thB m2n struck 2t it Cith thB stick th2t hB
brought, thB child criBd Cith p2in, ThB m2n thBn triBd to t2kB thB sn2kB out
oP thB room, but 2g2in thB child bBg2n to cry, ThB childSs mothBr thBn
rB2lisBd th2t thBrB C2s somB mystBrious rBl2tionship bBtCBBn thB sn2kB 2nd
hBr child, RhB ordBrBd thB m2n to stop molBsting thB rBptilB, 2nd to thB
surprisB oP 2ll thosB Cho h2d 2rri$Bd on thB scBnB, thB child stoppBd crying,
ThB sn2kB thBn rBturnBd to thB child Cithout 2ttBmpting to h2rm 2nyonB,
RincB thBn thB sn2kB h2s bBBn PBd by thB mothBr oP thB child, 2nd thB sn2kB
2nd thB child h2$B bBBn li$ing togBthBr 2s brothBrs,
To sBB this str2ngB occurrBncB, m2ny pBoplB Prom 2ll p2rts oP thB country
comB B$Bryd2y, |t is s2id th2t thB sn2kB, by its touch, h2s curBd m2ny sick
pBoplBu but thB mystBry rBm2ins unsol$Bd,
-.( (/0$%1
m, P2scin2tB n$op mL ho~c, quy%n r, lm mL
r, intriguB n$op h5p d:n, g=i th>ch thE, k>ch th>ch t1 m1
s, con$incB n2ddop tin chc, &on chc
t, rBptilB nnop loi b1 st
v, mirthPully n2d$op $ui, $ui $}
w, n2rr2tB n$op k' li, thut li
x, bittBrly n2d$op m/t cch &2u &Nn, quy%t lit, c2y &ng, chu2 cht
y, molBst n$op qu5y rHy, qu5y nhi4u, lm phi6n
A 'ourney #y train
ThB housB in Chich | li$Bd bBPorB C2s nB2r thB r2ilC2y st2tion, Tr2ins usBd
to p2ss by 2t rBgul2r intBr$2l 2nd | h2d bBcomB so P2mili2r Cith thBir sound
2nd sight th2t | took littlB intBrBst in thBm, |t nB$Br occurrBd to mB th2t |
might m2kB dournBy by tr2in somB d2y, MoCB$Br, ChBn my P2thBr dBcidBd to
t2kB up 2 nBC 2ppointmBnt in thB pl2cB ChBrB CB noC li$B, it C2s dBcidBd
th2t CB should tr2$Bl by tr2in, |t C2s only thBn th2t | disco$BrBd hoC
plB2s2nt 2 dournBy by tr2in might bB,
Uy P2thBr, mothBr 2nd | bo2rdBd 2 tr2in onB 2PtBrnoon, ;s thB tr2in mo$Bd
out oP thB st2tion, | bBg2n to think oP thB d2ys | h2d spBnt in our old housB
Chich | could still sBB Prom thB tr2in, hut soon thB housB CBnt out oP sight,
2nd | bBg2n to think oP my dournBy itsBlP,
ThB tr2in C2s noC mo$ing quitB P2st, ThB Pirst thing th2t imprBssBd mB C2s
thB bB2uty oP thB l2ndsc2pB, ThBrB CBrB grBBn $2llBys, 2nd tropic2l pl2nts
could bB sBBn B$BryChBrB, |n cBrt2in pl2cBs thBrB C2s t2ll gr2ss, ;ll this
rBmindBd mB oP thB gBogr2phy lBssons | h2d in thB cl2ssroom, RB$Br2l p2lmT
oil 2nd rubbBr pl2nt2tions could bB sBBn noC 2nd thBn, RomBtimBs | s2C 2
PBC housBs hBrB 2nd thBrB, | 2lso s2C m2ny $BgBt2blB g2rdBns 2t sB$Br2l
pl2cBs,
ThB tr2in stoppBd 2t m2ny st2tions, 2nd soon it bBc2mB d2rk, hut somBtimB
l2tBr thB moon 2ppB2rBd 2nd thB l2ndsc2pB lookBd rom2ntic, ;s | lookBd
outsidB, | PBlt 2 thrill oP 2dmir2tion Por thB grB2t 2rtistry oP n2turB,
|nsidB thB tr2in, too, B$Brything C2s intBrBsting, RomB rBstlBss p2ssBngBrs
mo$Bd 2bout 2imlBssly 2nd thBir rBstlBssnBss C2s 2musing, RomB CBrB
slBBping Cith thBir mouths CidB opBn, into Chich somB mosquitoBs
blundBrBd, `thBrs CBrB rB2ding m2g2cinBs 2nd nBCsp2pBrs, `cc2sion2lly,
thB tickBtTchBckBr p2ssBd by, ;t onB cornBr | s2C tCo policBmBn kBBping 2
closB C2tch on 2 m2n Cho C2s h2ndTcuPPBd,
;t B$Bry st2tion 2 PBC p2ssBngBrs 2lightBd Prom thB tr2in ChilB 2 PBC
bo2rdBd it, ahBnB$Br thB tr2in stoppBd 2t 2 big st2tion, | s2C 2 l2rgB numbBr
oP pBoplB on thB pl2tPorms, sm2rtly drBssBd, 2nd oPtBn smiling, ;s thB tr2in
mo$Bd out, m2ny C2$Bd thBir h2nds 2nd thB p2ssBngBrs too C2$Bd in
rBsponsB, ;PtBr CB h2d p2ssBd sB$Br2l st2tions, | PBlt slBBpy 2nd closBd my
ByBs, ahBn | opBnBd thBm, | s2C thB dim light oP thB d2Cn, | lookBd outsidB
2nd s2C thB mistTco$BrBd pl2nts, ThB 2ir C2s PrBsh, 2nd somB birds CBrB
Plying 2bout, ThB scBnB lookBd B]trBmBly bB2utiPul 2nd | C2s lost in
2dmir2tion oP it, hut CB soon 2rri$Bd 2t our dBstin2tion 2nd my BndoymBnt
c2mB to 2n Bnd,
-.( (/0$%1
m, intBr$2l nnop th"i gi2n gi+2 h2i sD kinu kho#ng th"i gi2n
r, 2ppointmBnt nnop cng $ic &!=c bZ nhim, sD h\n g~p
s, 2dmir2tion nnop sD s2y mL, ng!Yng m/
t, mosquito nnop con muki
v, blundBr n$op mX m:m $o
w, h2ndTcuPP n$op ]>ch t2y, c1ng t2y
x, B]trBmBly n2d$op $ cWng, cDc &/, cDc kl
$iscuss 3ne)s travel fast3
ntil 2 PBC dBc2dBs 2go nBCs tr2$BllBd $Bry sloCly, |t took sB$Br2l d2ys to
knoC Ch2t C2s h2ppBning in pl2cBs only 2 PBC milBs 2C2y, hut tod2y nBCs
tr2$Bls 2t 2 spBBd much grB2tBr th2n B$Br bBPorB,
|n thB p2st, mBn h2d to tr2$Bl on root to gBt inPorm2tion, B$Bn 2bout thB most
unimport2nt thing, ThBrB CBrB no motor $BhiclBs 2nd tr2$Bl C2s sloC 2nd
diPPicult, ;s 2 rBsult, nBCs too tr2$BllBd $Bry sloCly, |P onBSs rBl2ti$B diBd in
somB dist2nt pl2cB, onB rBcBi$Bd thB nBCs oP thB dB2th sB$Br2l d2ys l2tBr,
RomBtimBs thBrB C2s no nBCs 2t 2ll, ThB diPPiculty in gBtting nBCs 2nd
inPorm2tion 2bout pBoplB in othBr pl2cBs m2dB liPB dull 2nd misBr2blB, ThBrB
C2s littlB communic2tion 2mong thosB Chom CB Could rBg2rd 2s
nBighbours tod2y, ABCs C2s thBrBPorB diPPicult to sBnd 2nd in timBs oP nBBd,
it C2s h2rd to obt2in hBlp,
hut 2ll this h2s ch2ngBd tod2y, ThB in$Bntion oP thB mB2ns oP
communic2tion such 2s thB tBlBphonB, thB CirBlBss 2nd sB$Br2l othBrs h2s
m2dB it possiblB to sBnd 2nd rBcBi$B nBCs Cithin 2 m2ttBr oP hours 2nd
minutBs, Q$Bn thB nBCsp2pBr 2nd thB post oPPicB hBlp to sprB2d nBCs 2nd
inPorm2tion quickly, ;s 2 rBsult, CB knoC Ch2t is h2ppBning tod2y in 2ll
p2rts oP thB Corld, |P 2 grB2t m2n diBs or 2 C2r brB2ks out in somB cornBr or
thB B2rth, CB rBcBi$B nBCs 2bout it 2lmost immBdi2tBly, ThB B2sB 2nd spBBd
Cith Chich nBCs tr2$Bls tod2y h2$B hBlpBd grB2tly in promoting bBttBr
undBrst2nding 2nd coTopBr2tion 2mong thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld, ahBn thB
pBoplB oP onB pl2cB or country suPPBr 2 suddBn c2l2mity, nBCs is 2t oncB sBnt
to 2ll p2rts oP thB Corld 2nd hBlp comBs Prom m2ny countriBs Cithin 2 $Bry
short timB, This is not possiblB in thB p2st ChBn nBCs tr2$BllBd sloCly,
Th2t nBCs tr2$Bls P2st c2n 2lso bB knoCn Prom our oCn pBrson2l 2PP2irs, |P
CB 2rB ill or iP somBthing unPortun2tB h2ppBns to us, our PriBnds 2nd
rBl2ti$Bs comB to knoC 2bout it $Bry quickly, |t is thBrBPorB truB to s2y th2t
tod2y, 8nBCs tr2$Bls P2st8,
-.( (/0$%1
m, dBc2dB nnop th"ikl m!"i n(m, thp k
r, motor $BhiclB nnop ]B my
s, misBr2blB n2ddop nghKo nn
t, CirBlBss nnop r2dio, my thu th2nh, $ tuy%n
v, promotB n$o ]Ec ti%n, &y mnhu th(ng ch3c
w, coTopBr2tion nnop sD h=p tc, c/ng tc
x, c2l2mity nnop t2i h2, t2i !Fng, thiLn t2i
(orld trade
|n thB p2st ChBn mBns nBBds CBrB PBC, it C2s not nBcBss2ry to gBt things
Prom dist2nt l2nds, hut tod2y, thB pBoplB oP onB country dBpBnd on thB
pBoplB oP 2nothBr country Por 2 $2riBty oP things, ;s 2 rBsult, Corld tr2dB h2s
dB$BlopBd,
aithout Corld tr2dB, it Could bB diPPicult Por thB pBoplB oP 2ny country to
gBt m2ny things Chich 2rB noC considBrBd nBcBss2riBs, RomB countriBs 2rB
not rich in minBr2l rBsourcBs, ThBy h2$B no iron or co2l minBs, ChilB othBrs
h2$B too m2ny oP thBm, ;g2in, somB countriBs 2rB not suit2blB Por
2griculturB ChilB othBrs h2$B sB$Br2l PBrtilB pl2ins to groC crops
@urthBr, B$Bn iP 2 country is rich in n2tur2l rBsourcBs, it m2y not h2$B
Bnough skillBd mBn to B]ploit thBm, @or such gBogr2phic2l 2nd othBr rB2sons
thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld h2$B lB2rnt to buy things Chich thBy c2nnot
producB proPit2bly 2nd to sBll things Por Chich thBy h2$B 2 spBci2l 2bility to
producB, aBst U2l2ysi2, Por B]2mplB, spBci2lisBs in producing rubbBr Por
Chich thBrB is 2 grB2t dBm2nd Prom sB$Br2l courtiBrs in thB Corld, hut shB
h2s no 2bility to producB m2chinBry 2nd sB$Br2l othBr things, aBst U2l2ysi2
thBrBPorB dBpBnds on othBr courtiBrs Por m2ny oP hBr nBBds,
|n thB s2mB C2y, 2ll thB countriBs oP thB Corld coTopBr2tB 2nd B]ch2ngB
things Cith onB 2nothBr, @rom othBr countriBs CB gBt motorT c2rs, r2dios,
tBlB$ision sBts 2nd sB$Br2l othBr things, Chich CB c2nnot producB oursBl$Bs,
;t thB s2mB timB CB gi$B to othBr countriBs thB things th2t CB c2n producB
bBttBr th2n m2ny othBrs, |n this C2y, B$Bry country spBci2lisBs in producing
only 2 PBC things, ;s 2 rBsult, thB qu2lity oP goods is impro$Bd to thB
common bBnBPit oP thB pBoplB oP thB Corld,
aorld tr2dB h2s 2lso r2isBd thB st2nd2rd oP li$ing oP thB pBoplB in thB Corld,
aB 2rB 2blB to usB things m2dB in countriBs 2cross milBs oP ocB2n, ;s 2
rBsult oP 2ll this, liPB h2s bBcomB morB comPort2blB th2n Ch2t it C2s bBPorBu
2nd it is rB2lisBd th2t 2 country could h2rdly progrBss Cithout Corld tr2dB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, minBr2l n2ddop khong, nthu/co khong s#n
r, PBrtilB n2ddop ph nhiLu, mu mY
s, B]ploit n$op kh2i thc, b0c l/t, l=i d*ng
A narro) escae
ahBnB$Br my mind tr2$Bls o$Br thB p2st B$Bnts in my liPK, onB incidBnt
st2nds out prominBntly to rBmind mB oP thB n2rroC Bsc2pB | oncB h2d Prom
2lmost cBrt2in dB2th,
|n thB rubbBr Bst2tBs oP CBst U2l2ysi2 thBrB 2rB hundrBds oP sn2kBs oP Chich
thB cobr2 is thB most d2ngBrous 2nd $Bnomous, This sn2kB h2s 2 prBPBrBncB
Por cool pl2cBs 2long thB numBrous strB2ms Pound in thB Bst2tBs, ChBrB it
rBl2]Bs, BspBci2lly in thB 2PtBrnoons, ThosB Cho c2tch Pish Prom thBsB
strB2ms h2$B, thBrBPorB, to bB on thB lookTout Por cobr2s, ;ll this | did not
knoC until | c2mB P2cB to P2cB Cith 2 cobr2 onB d2y, ChilB Pishing Cith my
brothBr,
Uy brothBr 2nd | CBrB thBn spBnding our holid2ys in 2n Bst2tB ChBrB our
P2thBr C2s BmployBd, |n thB 2PtBrnoons, my brothBr, Cho lo$Bs Pishing, 2nd |
Could go out to c2tch Pish Prom thB strB2ms not $Bry P2r Prom our P2thBrSs
housB,
ahBrB$Br thB C2tBr C2s sh2lloC, CB got doCn into thB strB2ms 2nd sB2rchBd
Por holBs ChBrB Pish usu2lly likB to shBltBr, ahBn CB Pound onB, CB put our
h2nds in 2nd oPtBn c2ught somB Pish, @ishing in this C2y h2d its momBnts oP
B]citBmBnt, Por 2t timBs CB 2lso c2ught somB C2tBrT sn2kBs, Chich CB Pound
to bB h2rmlBss, ThBn, onB d2y, | c2mB so closB to dB2th th2t | m2dB up my
mind nB$Br to c2tch Pish 2g2in in th2t C2y,
; cobr2, 2bout si] PBBt long, C2s lying 2long thB C2tBrSs BdgB oP onB sidB oP
thB strB2m in Chich CB CBrB Pishing, |ts t2il C2s in thB C2tBr, but it C2s
concB2lBd by thB rBBds 2nd gr2ssBs 2long th2t strB2m, ;s | put my h2nd into
thB C2tBr, my sB2rching PingBrs touchBd somBthing tBndBr, Thinking th2t it
C2s 2 Pish, | grippBd it 2t oncB 2nd triBd to bring it out oP thB C2tBr, hut it
rBsistBd $iolBntly, 2nd to my constBrn2tion | disco$BrBd th2t it C2s 2 cobr2, |
rBl2]Bd my grip 2t oncB 2nd rushBd Por s2PBty, Uy brothBr, Cho C2s 2 PBC
y2rds 2C2y, C2s too surprisBd to spB2k, hut hB soon s2C thB cobr2 Chich
C2s noC rushing toC2rds him Cith its hood Pully opBnBd, | pickBd up stick
hurriBdly 2nd thrBC it 2t thB cobr2, Rurprisingly, thB cobr2 noC turnBd
toC2rds mB, 2nd | took to my hBBls, Uy brothBr thBn pickBd up 2 stick 2nd
r2n 2PtBr thB cobr2 2nd m2n2gBd to kill it dust 2t thB timB ChBn | C2s 2lmost
B]h2ustBd, lP hB h2d bBBn 2 littlB l2tB, | might h2$B bBBn killBd by thB cobr2,
Th2t C2s indBBd 2 $Bry n2rroC Bsc2pB, 2n Bsc2pB | sh2ll nB$Br PorgBt,
-.( (/0$%1
m, prominBntly n2d$op d4 th5y, nZi bt
r, n2rroC Bsc2pB nnop suJt ch%t
s, Bst2tB nnop $Wng &5t nnh5t l nng thno
t, cobr2 nnop rn m2ng bnh
v, shBltBr n$op n nu, n!Fng tD2
w, concB2l n$op gi5u gi%m, gi5u, chB &y
x, rBsist n$op khng cD, chGng li
y, constBrn2tion nnop sD kinh hong
z, B]h2ust n2ddop kit s3c, mt l)
"ravel as a means of education
|n thB p2st tr2$Bl C2s considBrBd 2n BssBnti2l p2rt oP Bduc2tion, boBts 2nd
CritBrs rB2lisBd thB $2luB oP tr2$Bl 2nd CBnt out to othBr countriBs in sB2rch
oP knoClBdgB, ; m2nSs Bduc2tion C2s not complBtBd until hB h2d $isitBd
PorBign l2nds,
Th2t tr2$Bl bro2dBns thB mind c2nnot bB dBniBd, ThosB Cho rBm2in Cithin
thB conPinBs oP thBir homBs 2rB cut oPP Prom thB outsidB Corld, ;s 2 rBsult,
thBy dB$Blop 2 n2rroC outlook on liPB, hut thosB Cho tr2$Bl comB into
cont2ct Cith $2rious typBs oP pBoplB ChosB C2ys oP liPB 2rB complBtBly
diPPBrBnt Prom thBirs, ThBy sBB things Cith thBir oCn ByBs 2nd h2$B 2 bBttBr
undBrst2nding oP thB 2PP2irs oP thB Corld, ThB imprBssions th2t thBy rBcBi$B
ChilB thBy tr2$Bl rBm2in PrBsh in thBir minds Por m2ny yB2rs, 2nd 2ll P2lsB
imprBssions 2nd idB2s 2rB rBmo$Bd Prom thBir minds, Thus, thBy 2rB 2blB to
sBB things in thBir propBr pBrspBcti$B 2nd m2kB corrBct dudgmBnts 2nd
dBcisions, 2nd to bB 2blB to m2kB connBct dBcisions is 2 $2lu2blB p2rt oP
Bduc2tion,
|t is 2rguBd, hoCB$Br, th2t thB prBsBncB oP thB grB2t $2riBty oP books,
nBCsp2pBrs, thB r2dio 2nd tBlB$ision tod2y ob$i2tBs thB nBBd Por tr2$Bl to
2cquirB knoClBdgB, `nB Could study in thB comPort 2nd pri$2cy oP onBSs
oCn homB 2nd 2bsorb 2ll thB knoClBdgB th2t onB dBsirBs, hut thBrB 2rB m2ny
things Chich books c2nnot dBscribB BPPBcti$Bly, @or B]2mplB, thB lo$B 2nd
rBspBct pBoplB in othBr l2nds h2$B Por us 2nd thB n2tur2l bB2uty oP thB
$2rious p2rts or thB Corld c2nnot bB dBscribBd propBrly in Cords, ThBy h2$B
to bB sBBn 2nd PBlt, hBsidBs, not 2ll c2n undBrst2nd B$Brything th2t thBy rB2d
2bout pBoplB 2C2y Prom thBir homBs, To such pBoplB, BspBci2lly, tr2$Bl is 2n
import2nt mB2ns oP Bduc2tion, `P coursB, tr2$Bl in$ol$Bs timB 2nd monBy
Chich most pBoplB c2nnot 2PPord, hut thB $2luB oP tr2$Bl 2s 2 mB2ns oP
Bduc2tion is so grB2t th2t timB 2nd monBy spBnt on tr2$Bl 2rB not 2 C2stB oP
BPPort,
-.( (/0$%1
m, bro2dBn n$op mV r/ng
r, conPinBs nnop biLn giNi, r2nh giNi
s, outlook nnop qu2n &i'm, cch nhn
t, pBrspBcti$B nnop phGi c#nh, $i4n c#nh
v, ob$i2tB n$op ]o bX, ty tr?
w, 2bsorb n$op h5p th*
"he country ! )ould li*e to visit
| h2$B hB2rd much 2bout thB bB2uty oP thB Q2st 2s CBll 2s thB aBst, 2bout
thB CondBrPul isl2nds in thB b2ciPic 2nd 2lso in thB ;tl2ntic, |n short, thB
CholB Corld sBBms to bB Pull oP bB2utiPul pl2cBs, ThB country th2t | Could
likB to $isit, hoCB$Br, is thB nitBd Rt2tBs oP ;mBric2,
Uy knoClBdgB oP thB nitBd Rt2tBs oP ;mBric2 is dBri$Bd Prom thB
gBogr2phy 2nd history books th2t | h2$B rB2d, thB Pilms th2t | h2$B sBBn 2nd
thB storiBs th2t | h2$B hB2rd Prom pBoplB Cho h2$B $isitBd this country,
ThB nitBd Rt2tBs oP ;mBric2 is 2 $2st country Cith 2 mi]Bd popul2tion,
bBoplB Prom m2ny diPPBrBnt l2nds h2$B comB 2nd sBttlBd hBrB, This mi]turB
oP diPPBrBnt r2cBs oP pBoplB Cith diPPBrBnt customs, rBligions, culturBs 2nd
2bilitiBs h2$B crB2tBd 2 n2tion uniquB in history, ;lthough this country h2s 2
$Bry short history comp2rBd Cith th2t oP thB othBr l2rgB countriBs in thB
Corld, it is 2n B]2mplB to thB Corld oP hoC pBoplB oP diPPBrBnt r2cBs could
li$B togBthBr in pB2cB 2nd h2rmony, ThB B]ch2ngB oP idB2s 2mong thB
pBoplB oP so m2ny r2ci2l origins hBrB h2s contributBd grB2tly to thB progrBss
2nd prospBrity oP thB n2tion, ThBrB 2rB Corld P2mous sciBntists, doctors,
l2CyBrs, BnginBBrs, tB2chBrs 2nd politici2ns ChosB origin2l homBs CBrB in
m2ny diPPBrBnt l2nds, ThB Cork oP such mBn h2s m2dB this country 2
CondBrPul l2nd indBBd, ThB ro2ds, buildings 2nd cinBm2s hBrB m2y bB s2id
to bB thB bBst in thB Corld, ThBrB 2rB m2ny pl2cBs 2nd things oP intBrBst such
2s MollyCood, thB nitBd A2tions building, Ai2g2r2 @2lls 2nd thB
skyscr2pBrs, Q$Bn thB n2tur2l $BgBt2tion 2nd PB2turBs 2rB rich in $2riBty, |P
onB tr2$Bls 2cross thB l2nd, onB Cill Pind diPPBrBnt kinds oP scBnBry in
diPPBrBnt pl2cBs, @urthBr, 2s thB pBoplB hBrB still PolloC thBir origin2l
customs 2nd tr2ditions, onB Cill 2lso h2$B thB PBBling th2t onB is p2ssing
through m2ny diPPBrBnt countriBs,
ThB pBoplB oP thB nitBd Rt2tBs 2rB proud oP thBir country, Por it C2s thBir
country th2t g2$B thB modBrn Corld idB2s oP PrBBdom, ThB n2mB oP ;br2h2m
Oincoln Cill 2lC2ys bB rBmBmbBrBd by thosB Cho bBliB$B in thB PrBBdom oP
m2n, |t C2s thB nitBd Rt2tBs, 2g2in, Cho s2$Bd thB Corld Prom dBstruction
in tCo aorld a2rs, Ruch 2 country must bB 2 CondBrPul l2nd, 2nd it is Por
this rB2son th2t | Could likB to $isit this country somB d2y,
-.( (/0$%1
m, dBri$B n$op ]u5t pht t?, bt ngu<n t?
r, r2ci2l n2ddop thu/c ch7ng t/c
s, skyTscr2pBr nnop nh chc tr"i
t, dBstruction nnop sD ph hu, sD tiLu dit
4ood manners
^ood m2nnBrs pl2y 2n import2nt p2rt in m2int2ining pB2cB 2nd goodT Cill in
2 community, ; m2n Cho h2s good m2nnBrs doBs not hurt thB PBBlings oP
othBrs, 2nd thBrBPorB hB is on good tBrms Cith his PriBnds 2nd nBighbors 2nd
2lso Cith othBrs, |n this C2y hB hBlps to kBBp pB2cB in sociBty,
hut 2 m2n ChosB m2nnBrs 2rB b2d h2s no rBspBct Por othBrs, MB usBs Cords
c2rBlBssly 2nd bBh2$Bs rudBly toC2rds othBr 2nd c2usBs 2 lot oP illT Cill 2nd
unplB2s2ntnBss, |n thB Bnd, it is hB himsBlP Cho suPPBrs thB most, Q$BryonB
2$oids him 2nd hB is PorcBd to li$B 2lmost in isol2tion,
To li$B CBll in 2 sociBty, monBy 2lonB is not Bnough, aB should 2lso h2$B
good m2nnBrs, Por it is hum2n n2turB to sBBk PriBndshipu 2nd PriBndship
c2nnot bB bought Cith monBy, @riBndship Cith othBrs m2kBs liPB plB2s2nt
2nd it h2s to bB B2rnBd through our oCn 2ttitudB toC2rds othBrs, |P CB 2rB
kind to othBrs, thBy Cill bB kind to us, 2nd kindnBss is thB BssBncB oP good
m2nnBrs, h2d m2nnBrs not only dri$B 2C2y PriBnds but 2lso othBrs, including
our oCn P2mily mBmbBrs,
Q$Bn thB richBst m2n c2nnot 2PPord to h2$B h2d m2nnBrs, @or 2 m2n m2y
h2$B Bnough monBy to buy 2ll thB things th2n hB C2ntsu but iP his m2nnBrs
2rB b2d hB Cill h2$B no PriBnds, 2nd no onB c2n li$B h2ppily Cithout PriBnds,
Q$Bn thB mBmbBrs oP his oCn P2mily m2y not rBspBct him 2nd Pin2lly hB Cill
bBcomB 2 lonBly m2n,
`n thB othBr h2nd, 2 m2n ChosB m2nnBrs 2rB good h2s m2ny PriBnds, MB
comm2nds thB rBspBct oP 2ll thosB Cho comB into cont2ct Cith him, MB doBs
not t2lk ill 2bout othBrs, Q$Bn ChBn hB is pro$okBd, hB triBs his bBst to usB
Cords in 2 C2y Chich Cill not oPPBnd othBrs, MB is 2lso symp2thBtic toC2rds
thB CB2k 2nd ignor2nt 2nd doBs not pokB Pun 2t thB dBPormitiBs 2nd
CB2knBssBs oP othBrs,
ThBrB 2rB, hoCB$Br, m2ny pBoplB Cho bBh2$B so CBll outsidB thBir homBs
th2t thBy 2rB rBspBctBd 2nd 2dmirBd by B$BryonB outsidB, hut in thBir oCn
homBs thBy 2rB CorsB th2n thB dB$il, Ruch pBoplB could not bB s2id to h2$B
good m2nnBrs, ThBir CholB bBh2$ior is 2 prBtBncB 2nd it doBs not t2kB long
Por othBrs to disco$Br this, |P onBSs m2nnBrs 2rB good, onB bBh2$Bs CBll
B$BryChBrB, B$Bn ChBn onB is 2C2y Prom thB critic2l ByBs oP othBrs, `nly
such 2 pBrson c2n li$B CBll in sociBty, |t is thBrBPorB BssBnti2l Por B$BryonB to
culti$2tB good m2nnBrs,
-.( (/05%1
m, m2int2in n$op duy tr, gi+ $+ng
r, isol2tion nno p sD c lp ho~c cch ly
s, sBBk n$op tm, tm ki%m
t, 2ttitudB nnop thi &/, qu2n &i'm
v, pro$okB n$op khiLu kh>ch, chc t3c, k>ch &/ng
w, symp2thBtic nnop thng c#m, &<ng c#m
x, dBPormity nnop dI dng, dI hnh
2hoosing a career
|t is not B2sy to choosB 2 c2rBBr tod2y, MundrBds oP studBnts 2rB lB2$ing
schools 2nd uni$BrsitiBs B$Bry yB2r to sBBk BmploymBnt in thB $2rious
proPBssions, though BmploymBnt opportunitiBs 2rB not incrB2sing
proportion2tBly, ;s 2 rBsult, thBrB is 2 lot oP unBmploymBnt,
ThB in2bility oP thB $2rious proPBssions to 2bsorb 2ll thosB sBBking
BmploymBnt m2kBs thB choicB oP 2 c2rBBr morB diPPicult, hBPorB onB lB2$Bs
school or uni$Brsity, onB h2s m2ny pl2ns, conPidBnt th2t choosing 2 c2rBBr
Cill not bB diPPicult, hut ChBn thB timB comBs to choosB 2 c2rBBr, onB Pinds
th2t thBrB 2rB othBrs Cith bBttBr qu2liPic2tions C2iting to BntBr thB s2mB
proPBssion, _isillusionBd, onB thBn looks Por 2ny kind oP BmploymBnt, |n
this C2y, m2ny Cho C2ntBd to bBcomB policB, inspBctors or PiBld 2ssist2nts
in thB rubbBr Bst2tBs in this country, bBcomB tB2chBrs instB2d, 2nd m2ny Cho
C2ntBd to bBcomB tB2chBrs, h2$B bBcomB clBrks,
ThB l2ck oP institutions ChBrB pBoplB could 2cquirB thB skills nBcBss2ry Por 2
p2rticul2r c2rBBr m2kBs thB choicB oP 2 c2rBBr B$Bn morB diPPicult, @or
B]2mplB, iP onB dBsirBs to bBcomB 2 dourn2list, onB h2s to rBcBi$B somB
tr2ining 2nd instruction in 2 school oP dourn2lism, hut iP thBrB is no such
school, onB is compBllBd to think oP somB othBr c2rBBr, `n thB othBr h2nd,
B$Bn iP thBrB 2rB institutions ChBrB onB could 2cquirB thB nBcBss2ry skills,
onB m2y still B]pBriBncB diPPiculty in g2ining 2dmission to thBm bBc2usB onB
m2y not h2$B thB Pin2nci2l rBsourcBs or thB 2c2dBmic 2bility, Thus, m2ny
Cho C2ntBd to bBcomB doctors 2nd l2CyBrs h2$B 2ctu2lly bBcomB clBrks 2nd
tB2chBrs,
@urthBr, B$Bn iP onB h2s 2ll thB 2c2dBmic 2nd intBllBctu2l rBquirBmBnts Por
thB c2rBBr th2t onB h2s chosBn, onBSs tBmpBr2mBnt m2y not Bn2blB onB to
m2kB 2 succBss oP th2t c2rBBr, Thus, m2ny Cho p2ssBd sB$Br2l proPBssion2l
B]2min2tions 2nd bBg2n thBir c2rBBr 2s tB2chBrs 2rB noC Corking in thB
b2nks 2nd othBr commBrci2l Pirms,
;ll this indic2tBs thB diPPiculty in choosing 2 c2rBBr, `nly 2 PBC 2rB 2blB to
rBm2in in thB proPBssions oP thBir choicB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, opportunity nnop cF h/i, th"i cF
r, proportion2tBly n2d$op c.n ]3ng, t!Fng ]3ng
s, disillusion n$op lm $Y m/ng, lm t2n $Y #o t!Vng
t, institution nnop cF qu2n, tZ ch3c
v, on thB othBr h2ndp tri li
w, 2c2dBmic n2ddop thu/c $6 hc thut, hc $5n
x, intBllBctu2l n2ddop nthu/co tr> 0c, nthu/co tr> tu
y, commBrci2l n2ddop thu/c $6 ho~c dnh cho th!Fng mi
A visit to a &oo
ThB coo is 2n 2rtiPici2l PorBst crB2tBd by m2n, Though thBrB 2rB PBC trBBs
comp2rBd Cith thB n2tur2l PorBst, thB 2nim2ls, birds 2nd othBr crB2turBs
Pound in thB coo must 2lC2ys rBmind us oP thB PorBst, |t is indBBd 2n
intBrBsting pl2cB to $isit,
Q$Bn in thB n2tur2l PorBst such 2 $2riBty oP 2nim2ls, birds 2nd othBr crB2turBs
c2nnot bB Pound 2s 2rB Pound in 2 big coo, ;nim2ls Chich 2rB not Pound in
thB PorBsts oP onB country 2rB c2ught in othBr p2rts oP thB Corld 2nd brought
to thB coo, ThB lion, Por B]2mplB, is not Pound in U2l2ysi2u but onB m2y sBB
2n ;Pric2n lion in thB coo 2t ohorB h2hru,
ntil | $isitBd thB coo 2t ohorB h2hru, 2 PBC months 2go, | h2d no idB2 hoC
inPorm2ti$B 2 $isit to 2 coo might bB, Though thB coo 2t ohorB h2hru is not
big, | Pound m2ny kinds oP intBrBsting 2nim2ls 2nd othBr crB2turBs thBrB,
Oions, tigBrs 2nd othBr 2nim2ls CBrB mo$ing 2bout l2cily in thBir c2gBs,
RomB oP thB 2nim2ls 2ppB2rBd to bB borBd, 2nd thBy took littlB intBrBst in thB
$isitors, ThB monkBys, hoCB$Br, shoCBd thBir n2tur2l 2gility, ahBnB$Br thBy
s2C 2 $isitor, thBy r2n toC2rds him 2nd bBggBd Por somBthing to B2t, | C2s
indBBd 2musBd 2t thBir bBh2$ior, Uost oP thBm CBrB c2ught in U2l2ysi2 2nd
thBir $2riBty C2s 2m2cing,
RomB oP thB birds too CBrB $Bry intBrBsting to sBB, ThBir bB2utiPul PB2thBrs
2nd looks P2scin2tBd mB, hirds 2rB indBBd onB oP thB lo$BliBst crB2tions oP
^od, ; PBC birds 2rB l2rgBr th2n m2ny 2nim2ls,
ThB lions 2nd thB tigBrs in this coo CBrB so docilB th2t | could not but trB2t
thBm 2s domBstic 2nim2ls likB thB dog 2nd thB c2t, | CBnt $Bry closB to thBm,
but thBy shoCBd littlB intBrBst in mB, | thBn bBg2n to think oP hoC thB 2nim2l
or B$Bn hum2n spirit could bB brokBn by conPinBmBnt, 9onPinBd to thBir
c2gBs, thBsB 2nim2ls h2d bBcomB spiritlBss, Q$Bn thB sight oP Pood did not
sBBm to B]citB thBm much,
ThBn, thBrB C2s thB crocodilB Cith its usu2l prBtBncB oP innocBncB, |t rBPusBd
to bB disturbBd, MB2$Bn knoCs hoC it might h2$B rB2ctBd iP 2 child h2d
P2llBn into its pit, MoCB$Br, my $isit to thB coo h2d incrB2sBd my knoClBdgB
oP 2nim2ls,
-.( (/0$%1
m, inPorm2ti$B n2ddop cung c5p nhi6u thng tin, c0 tc d*ng n.ng c2o ki%n
th3c
r, 2gility nnop sD nh2nh nh\n, sD l2nh l=i
s, bBg n$op ]in, cHu ]in
t, P2scin2tB n$op mL ho~c, quy%n r
v, docilB n2ddop d4 b#o, d4 s2i khi%n, ngo2n ngoen
w, crocodilB n2ddop c s5u ch.u bhi, c s5u
"he imortance of the ne)saer
ThB nBCsp2pBr, tod2y, pl2ys 2 $it2l rolB in hum2n 2PP2irs, |ts import2ncB h2s
not bBBn diminishBd by thB 2ppB2r2ncB oP thB r2dio or thB tBlB$ision, UBn no
longBr h2$B tr2$Bl to gBt inPorm2tion, ThB nBCsp2pBr h2s bBcomB thB m2in
sourcB oP inPorm2tion 2bout loc2l 2nd PorBign 2PP2irs, Though thB r2dio 2nd
tBlB$ision con$By import2nt nBCs 2nd mBss2gBs quickBr th2n thB nBCsp2pBr,
thBy sBldom gi$B thB dBt2ils oP 2n incidBnt, ThB nBCsp2pBr, on thB othBr
h2nd, gi$Bs not only morB dBt2ils 2bout 2 p2rticul2r incidBnt but it 2lso
cont2ins morB nBC itBms, This is oP grB2t import2ncB tod2y ChBn politic2l
ch2ngBs occur Cith 2 r2pidity unknoCn bBPorB, hBsidBs, thB nBCsp2pBr is
B2siBr to c2rry 2nd it could bB rB2d 2t 2ny timB during thB d2y, @urthBr, thB
pBrm2nBncB oP thB printBd Cord hBlps onB to rBPrBsh onBs mBmory oP
cBrt2in P2cts 2nd incidBnts rBportBd in thB p2st,
ThB import2ncB oP thB nBCsp2pBr h2s bBBn incrB2sBd grB2tly by thB sprB2d
oP Bduc2tion, Qduc2tion sh2rpBns onBSs curiosity 2bout B$Bnts in dist2nt
l2nds 2nd 2lso m2kBs onB conscious oP thB nBcBssity to m2int2in onBSs
rB2ding h2bits, |n both rBspBcts thB nBCsp2pBr 2ppB2ls most, BspBci2lly iP
onB Pinds littlB timB to rB2d books,
ThB nBCsp2pBr should, hoCB$Br, bB rB2d Cith c2ution, Por its c2p2city to do
h2rm is grB2t, Uost pBoplB bBliB$B B$Bry thing th2t is rBportBd by thB
nBCsp2pBr, ;s 2 rBsult, thB nBCsp2pBr B]Brts 2 proPound inPluBncB on thB
minds oP its rB2dBr, ThBrBPorB, ChBn somB nBCs is rBportBd Crongly BithBr
by mist2kB or dBsign, it m2y c2usB 2 lot oP h2rm, `n thB othBr h2nd, iP thB
policy oP thB nBCsp2pBr is to promotB thB CBlP2rB oP thB pBoplB, it could do 2
lot oP good, @or B]2mplB, it could B]BrcisB its inPluBncB to pBrsu2dB thB
go$BrnmBnt oP 2 country to do m2ny things Por thB bBnBPit oP thB pBoplB, |n 2
country likB U2l2ysi2, ChBrB thBrB 2rB m2ny r2cBs oP pBoplB, thB nBCsp2pBr
could 2lso usB its inPluBncB to promotB goodTCill 2nd h2rmony 2mong thB
pBoplB, |t is thBrBPorB import2nt to knoC thB policy oP thB nBCsp2pBr th2t
onB rB2ds,
|n gBnBr2l, hoCB$Br, thB nBCsp2pBr triBs to rBport 2s 2ccur2tBly 2s possiblB,
Por thBrB 2rB $2rious m2g2cinBs 2nd pBriodic2ls compBting Cith thB
nBCsp2pBr to pro$idB 2ccur2tB inPorm2tion on Corld dB$BlopmBnts, 2nd it is
thB nBCsp2pBr th2t links us Cith thB outsidB Corld,
-.( (/0$%p
m, $it2l rolB nnop $2i tr1 thi%t y%u
r, diminish n$op gi#m bNt, thu nhX
s, con$By n$op truy6n &t, chuy'n t#i
t, pBrm2nBncB nnop t>nh l.u di, l.u b6n, t>nh $nh c+u
v, conscious n2ddop c0 J th3c, bi%t &!=c, nhn r2
w, policy nnop &!"ng lGi hnh &/ng, ch>nh sch
x, 2ccur2tBly n2d$op m/t cch &Eng &n, ch>nh ]c
y, pBriodic2l nnop tp ch> ]u5t b#n &Inh kl
"he things that ! li*e most
ThBrB 2rB so m2ny things 2round us th2t onB Pinds it h2rd to h2$B 2 spBci2l
prBPBrBncB Por 2 PBC p2rticul2r things, |, hoCB$Br, t2kB 2 spBci2l intBrBst in
motorTc2r 2nd tBlB$ision,
UotorTc2rs h2$B 2lC2ys P2scin2tBd mB, RincB my childhood | h2$B bBBn
tr2$Blling in motorTc2rs, 2nd | h2$B $isitBd hundrBds oP pl2cBs in this
country, | h2$B bBBn to rBmotB $ill2gBs 2nd 2lmost 2ll thB toCns, l2rgB 2nd
sm2ll, Tr2$Bl h2s bro2dBnBd my outlook on liPB, | h2$B mBt $2rious typBs oP
pBoplB, 2nd my knoClBdgB oP thB pBoplB 2nd pl2cBs oP this country h2s
incrB2sBd grB2tly, |P | 2m 2t homB or iP | 2m C2lking 2long 2 ro2d, | PBBl thB
urgB to tr2$Bl 2s soon 2s | sBB 2 c2r,
|t is bBc2usB oP motorTc2rs th2t | 2m 2blB to do $2rious typBs oP Cork, |n thB
morning | go to my school, 2 long dist2ncB 2C2y, in my P2thBrSs c2r, ;PtBr
school | go to my P2thBrSs pl2nt2tion to hBlp him in his Cork, ThBn | $isit onB
oP my cl2ssTm2tBs 2nd discuss our school Cork, RomBtimBs | $isit thB
cinBm2, milBs 2C2y, |P thBrB CBrB no motorTc2rs, | Could not h2$B sBBn so
much, Q$Bn in this sm2ll country, | Could pBrh2ps not h2$B bBBn 2blB B$Bn
to 2ttBnd school,
ThB nB]t thing th2t | likB is tBlB$ision, TBlB$ision hBlps us to sBB 2nd hB2r
somB oP thB P2mous lB2dBrs oP thB Corld, aB 2rB 2lso 2blB to sBB somB oP thB
grB2t B$Bnts oP thB d2y, |n 2ddition, CB c2n gBt nBCs Prom 2ll p2rts oP thB
Corld, 2nd listBn to songs 2nd music, RomBtimBs thBrB 2rB spBci2l
progr2mmBs Chich 2rB $Bry 2musing, ThB tBlB$ision progr2mmBs bBcomB
morB intBrBsting on 2 r2iny d2y, aB c2n thBn sit in thB comPort oP our homB
2nd C2tch thB tBlB$ision progr2mmB, Q$Bn iP CB c2nnot rB2d thB nBCsp2pBr
Por somB rB2son, tBlB$ision kBBps us CBll inPormBd 2bout thB l2tBst
dB$BlopmBnts in thB Corld, |n this rBspBct, tBlB$ision is bBttBr th2n thB r2dio
bBc2usB thB picturBs 2nd incidBnts shoCn on tBlB$ision con$By 2 bBttBr
imprBssion th2n only thB spokBn Cords oP thB r2dio,
| sh2ll thBrBPorB 2lC2ys h2$B 2 spBci2l prBPBrBncB Por thB motorTc2r 2nd
tBlB$ision,
-.( (/0$%1
m, childhood nnop tuZi thF 5u, th"i thF 5u
r, bro2dBn n$op mV r/ng
s, urgB n2d$op sD thi thEc, sD thEc &y mnh mi, sD h2m muGn mnh mi
"he advantages and disadvantages of the cinema
6y ho##y
To h2$B 2 hobby is to knoC hoC to spBnd onBSs lBisurB momBnts, ; hobby,
bBsidBs pro$iding 2n 2$BnuB oP Bsc2pB Prom borBdom, c2n 2lso 2dd to onBSs
knoClBdgB oP hum2n 2PP2irs, Uy hobby is rB2ding,
ahBn my d2ySs Cork is o$Br, | sit doCn in thB pri$2cy oP my room 2nd rB2d
thB nBCsp2pBr, B2ding thB nBCsp2pBr is likB tr2$Blling round thB Corld, ;s
| rB2d 2bout thB dB$BlopmBnts in thB $2rious p2rts oP thB Corld, | PBll th2t |
2m thBrB mysBlP obsBr$ing thB incidBnts, | 2lso PBBl th2t | 2m h2$ing cont2cts
Cith m2ny lB2dBrs 2nd pBoplBs oP thB Corld, This PBBling is 2 sourcB oP
plB2surB to mB, hy rB2ding thB nBCsp2pBr | h2$B 2cquirBd 2 bBttBr
knoClBdgB oP thB Corld, | 2m 2C2rB oP Ch2t sciBntists, Bconomists 2nd
politici2ns 2rB doing to m2kB this Corld 2 bBttBr pl2cB to li$B in, ;t thB s2mB
timB, | 2m 2lso 2C2rB oP thB 2cti$itiBs oP thosB Cho 2rB trying to crB2tB ch2os
in thB Corld,
;PtBr rB2ding thB nBCsp2pBr, | t2kB 2 book Chich rBquirBs dBBp
concBntr2tion, such 2s 2 history book or 2 book on psychology, RomBtimBs |
rB2d 2 no$Bl or 2 popul2r m2g2cinB, Through this hobby | h2$B lB2rnBd th2t
pBoplB B$BryChBrB 2rB thB s2mB, in 2ll 2gBs, 2nd in 2ll countriBs, | h2$B 2lso
lB2rnBd th2t thB Corld C2s m2dB not Por m2n 2lonB but Por B$Bry crB2turB
th2t c2n PBBl hungBr 2nd thirst, C2rm 2nd cold, |t h2s 2lso hBlpBd mB to sBB
not only into thB most rBmotB rBgions oP thB Corld tod2y but 2lso into thB
Corld in Chich our 2ncBstors li$Bd,
Uy hobby h2s dBBpBnBd 2nd CidBnBd my knoClBdgB oP m2n 2nd his pl2cB
in thB uni$BrsB, B2ding, | think, h2s m2dB mBn morB hum2n, bro2dTmindBd
2nd symp2thBtic, |t h2s brought mB into cont2ct Cith m2ny grB2t minds, 2nd
2cqu2intBd Cith thB bB2uty oP l2ngu2gB 2nd idB2s, |t h2s 2lso impro$Bd my
poCBrs oP B]prBssion, | h2$B littlB diPPiculty in B]prBssing my thoughts 2nd
PBBlings, ThBrBPorB, | could s2y th2t my hobby h2s m2dB mB 2 bBttBr pBrson,
-.( (/0$%1
m, 2$BnuB nnop &i l/
r, pri$2cy nnop sD riLng t!, sD cch bit
s, ch2os nnop sD hkn &/n, sD hkn lon, sD l/n ]/n
t, concBntr2tion nnop sD tp trung
v, 2ncBstor nnop ng b, tZ tiLn
w, uni$BrsB nnop $ tr*
x, 2cqu2int n$op lm quBn
"he advantages and disadvantages of the cinema
9inBm2s 2rB 2 common sight noC2d2ys, ThBy 2rB Pound in B$Bry toCn, ThB
B]istBncB oP so m2ny cinBm2s rBPlBcts thBir popul2rity, ThBy h2$B indBBd
bBcomB thB most popul2r pl2cBs oP BntBrt2inmBnt,
ThB cinBm2 2ttr2cts l2rgB numbBrs oP pBoplB B$Bryd2y, |t is thB m2gnBt oP
thB toCn, |t somBtimBs 2ttr2cts B$Bn thosB Cho do not Cish to sBB 2 Pilm,
;s it is so popul2r, thB cinBm2 B]Brts 2 proPound inPluBncB on thB minds oP
m2ny pBoplB, young 2nd old, ThB inPluBncB is somBtimBs good, 2nd
somBtimBs it is b2d, @ilms shoCing crimin2l 2cti$itiBs 2nd thB sBnsu2l
dBsirBs oP m2n h2$B c2usBd much h2rm to m2ny youths, RomB youths h2$B
bBcomB crimin2ls thBmsBl$Bs though 2lmost B$Bry Pilm shoCs hoC thB good
2lC2ys triumphs o$Br thB B$il, ThB cinBm2 h2s 2lso c2usBd m2ny pBoplB to
C2stB monBy, Ruch pBoplB h2$B bBcomB so 2ddictBd to $isiting thB cinBm2
th2t thBy sBB 2lmost B$Bry Pilm, good or b2d, |n this C2y monBy is C2stBd
not only on purch2sing tickBts Por 2dmitt2ncB to thB cinBm2 but 2lso on
tr2$Blling 2nd m2ny othBr things,
`PtBn, hoCB$Br, thB cinBm2 hBlps to sprB2d knoClBdgB, ThBrB 2rB m2ny
Pilms Chich shoC thB 2cti$itiBs oP thB $2rious r2cBs oP pBoplB li$ing in thB
rBmotB rBgions oP thB B2rth, RomB Pilms shoC hoC m2n h2s strugglBd
through thB cBnturiBs to m2kB thB Corld 2 bBttBr pl2cB to li$B in, ThBrB 2rB
2lso Pilms Chich shoC thB B$Bnts th2t lBd to somB oP thB import2nt b2ttlBs in
thB p2st, ThBy 2rB shoCn Cith so much rB2lism th2t onB rBmBmbBrs thBm Por
2 long timB, Ruch Pilms 2rB indBBd in$2lu2blB, BspBci2lly to thosB Cho 2rB
illitBr2tB, |n this rBspBct thB cinBm2 could bB rBg2rdBd 2s 2 school, Q$Bn thB
dullBst studBnt lB2rns m2ny things iP hB sBBs 2n Bduc2tion2l Pilm in thB
cinBm2 though hB m2y lB2rn nothing Prom his tB2chBr or his books, Ruch is
thB BPPBct oP thB Pilm, 2nd in m2ny countriBs, Bduc2tion2l 2uthoritiBs 2rB
trying to m2kB thB bBst usB oP thB cinBm2 to sprB2d knoClBdgB 2nd
inPorm2tion,
|t is thBrBPorB clB2r th2t thB cinBm2 h2s m2ny 2d$2nt2gBs 2s CBll 2s
dis2d$2nt2gBs, `PtBn thB 2d$2nt2gBs outCBigh thB dis2d$2nt2gBs, ThosB Cho
$isit thB cinBm2 Cith thB purposB oP lB2rning somBthing good 2rB surB to
bBnBPit Prom 2lmost B$Bry $isit to thB cinBm2,
-.( (/0$%1
m, BntBrt2inmBnt nnop tiLu khi'n, gi#i tr>
r, m2gnBt nnop n2m ch.m
s, proPound n2ddop s.u sc, s.u r/ng
t, sBnsu2l n2ddop nthu/co ]c thIt, nh*c d*c
v, triumph n$op chi%n thng, thng l=i
w, 2ddictBd n2ddop s2y mL, nghin
x, purch2sB n$op mu2 sm
y, rB2lism nnop ch7 ngh2 hin thDc
z, outCBigh n$op n~ng hFn, c0 nhi6u gi trI hFn, c0 nhi6u #nh h!Vng hFn
"he imortance of e7aminations
OiPB tod2y h2s bBcomB so complB] th2t B]2min2tions h2$B comB to pl2y 2n
import2nt p2rt in onBSs Bduc2tion2l c2rBBr, Q]2min2tions 2rB considBrBd so
import2nt th2t most studBnts 2rB 2Pr2id oP thBm,
ThB 2bility to p2ss 2n B]2min2tion is indBBd 2 $2lu2blB qu2lity, |t shoCs th2t
thB studBnt is 2blB to B]prBss his thought 2nd idB2s to 2 m2nnBr othBrs c2n
undBrst2nd, |t 2lso shoCs th2t thB studBnt h2s 2cquirBd 2 cBrt2in 2mount oP
knoClBdgB in somB br2nchBs oP study, hBsidBs, thB mind oP 2 studBnt, B$Bn
iP hB is dull, rBcBi$Bs good B]BrcisB ChBn hB prBp2rBs Por 2n B]2min2tion, ;
studBntSs succBss in 2n B]2min2tion, thBrBPorB, hBlps BmployBrs 2nd othBrs to
2ssBss his mBnt2l or gBnBr2l 2bility,
RomB pBoplB, hoCB$Br, 2rguB th2t B]2min2tions tBst only 2 cBrt2in kind oP
skill, ThBy s2y th2t m2ny pBoplB h2$B 2 good mBmory 2nd 2 spBci2l 2bility
to p2ss B]2min2tions 2nd 2chiB$B brilli2nt rBsults, though thBy h2$B no
c2p2city Por origin2l thought or im2gin2tion, hut it should bB rB2licBd th2t
tod2y thB syll2busBs 2rB so B]tBnsi$B th2t 2 studBnt c2nnot B]pBct to p2ss 2n
B]2min2tion by rBlying BntirBly on his mBmory, ThB studBnt oP tod2y must
not only h2$B 2 P2ir knoClBdgB oP thB subdBct m2nnBr but 2lso bB 2blB to
shoC his intBlligBncB 2nd poCBr oP rB2soning, BspBci2lly iP hB is sitting Por 2
highBr B]2min2tion, ThBrBPorB, 2 studBntSs 2bility to p2ss 2n B]2min2tion
must indic2tB somB oP his mBnt2l poCBrs 2s CBll 2s his gr2sp oP thB subdBcts
th2t hB h2s studiBd,
|P thBrB CBrB no B]2min2tions, most schol2rs Could h2$B bBBn lBss inPormBd
th2n thBy 2rB tod2y, Q]2min2tions compBl studBnts to rB2d 2s much 2s thBy
c2n, 2nd 2s thBy do so, thBy 2bsorb knoClBdgB unconsciously, @urthBr,
bBc2usB oP B]2min2tionsu tB2chBrs h2$B to conPinB thBmsBl$Bs to thB
syll2busBs Chich 2rB 2imBd 2t imp2rting knoClBdgB in 2 systBm2tic m2nnBr,
2nd thus dB$Blop mBnt2l disciplinB, Q]2min2tions 2rB thBrBPorB 2n import2nt
p2rt oP 2c2dBmic studiBs,
-.( (/0$%1
m, complB] n2ddop ph3c tp, rc rGi
r, 2cquirB n$op thu &!=c, &t &!=c
s, 2ssBss n$op &nh gi, !Nc &Inh
t, 2rguB n$op bin lun, tr2nh mun
v, 2chiB$B n$op &t &!=c, ginh &!=c
w, syll2bus nnop ch!Fng trnh hc, &6 c!Fng bi gi#ng
x, BntirBly n2d$op hon ton
y, gr2sp nnop sD nm &!=c, sD hi'u th5u
z, schol2r nnop hc gi#
m{, compBl n$op bu/c ph#i, bt bu/c, thEc qp
mm, unconsciously n2d$op khng tD gic, khng c0 J &Inh, khng c0 J th3c
mr, imp2rt n$op truy6n &t, k' cho h2y, phZ bi%n
ms, systBm2tic n2ddop c0 ph!Fng php
A )ee* in hosital
| h2d 2lC2ys drB2dBd thB thought oP bBing 2dmittBd to hospit2l, ThB pBculi2r
smBll oP thB hospit2l, thB sight oP dBPormBd 2nd critic2lly ill pBrsons 2nd
dB2d bodiBs in thB hospit2l 2rB things th2t | h2d 2lC2ys CishBd to 2$oid, hut
2 sBrious illnBss somBtimB 2go nBcBssit2tBd my 2dmission to thB ^BnBr2l
Mospit2l in U2l2cc2,
Though | C2s sBriously ill 2nd rBquirBd spBci2l 2ttBntion, yBt thB knoClBdgB
th2t | C2s in thB hospit2l m2dB mB PBBl misBr2blB during thB Pirst PBC d2ys,
ThB clothBs th2t | h2d to CB2r in thB hospit2l CBrB uncomPort2blB 2nd thB
Pood C2s t2stBlBss, ;t night, ChBn 2ll thB p2tiBnts CBrB 2slBBp, | usBd to
C2kB up 2nd think oP Ch2t might h2ppBn it thB dB2d bodiBs in thB mortu2ry
nB2rby c2mB b2ck to liPB, | 2lso thought oP thB p2tiBnts Cho might diB 2t
2nytimB, RomBtimBs | thought th2t | mysBlP might not C2kB up Prom my
slBBpu th2t | might h2$B to lB2$B my dB2r p2rBnts, brothBrs 2nd sistBrs 2nd
nB$Br rBturn, TB2rs Could thBn PloC Prom my ByBs,
@rom thB Pourth d2y, hoCB$Br, my spirits CBrB high, ThB doctors 2nd nursBs
2ssurBd mB th2t | Could rBco$Br complBtBly in 2 PBC d2ys 2nd th2t | could
mo$B 2bout in thB hospit2l 2s | CishBd,
| noC bBg2n to think oP thB good Cork th2t C2s bBing donB in thB hospit2l to
rBducB p2in 2nd suPPBring, MundrBds oP sick pBoplB CBrB coming to thB
hospit2l, m2ny Cith sBrious induriBs c2usBd by $2rious kinds oP 2ccidBnts,
Cith thB l2st hopB oP sur$i$2l, ;nd ChilB m2ny CBrB dying, m2ny morB CBrB
rBturning homB Cith smilBs on thBir P2cBs, aorking B$Bry minutB 2nd
s2criPicing thBir oCn plB2surBs 2nd p2stimBs, thB doctors, nursBs, hospit2l
2ssist2nts 2nd 2ll thB othBr st2PPs CBrB doing thBir utmost to s2$B 2nothBr
liPB, ThBir hum2nity imprBssBd mB dBBply,
| noC rB2lisBd Ch2t 2n import2nt rolB thB hospit2ls CBrB pl2ying in our d2ily
liPB, 2nd thB disgust th2t | PBll on thB Pirst PBC d2ys C2s gonB, ;PtBr bBing in
thB hospit2l Por 2 CBBk, | rBturnBd homB Cith 2 bBttBr knoClBdgB oP hum2n
misBry 2nd s2criPicB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, drB2d n$op kinh hei, kinh s=
r, pBculi2r n2ddop l k, riLng bit
s, critic2lly n2d$op nguy kIch, trHm trng
t, nBcBssit2tB nnop bt ph#i, &1i hXi ph#i, cHn ph#i c0
v, t2stBlBss n2ddop $ $I, nht nhio
w, mortu2ry nnop nh ]c
x, 2ssurB n$op qu# quy%t, c2m &o2n
y, s2criPicB n$op hy sinh
z, disgust nnop sD ghL tVm, sD kinh tVm
A frightening e7erience
$iscuss 3fire is a good servant #ut a #ad master3
MoC m2n Pirst lB2rnt to usB PirB is still unknoCn, but it is knoCn th2t B$Bn
thB most primiti$B m2n, cBnturiBs 2go, Pound it to bB oP grB2t sBr$icB to him
2s it is to us tod2y, U2n, in his B2rly d2ys, did not cook his Pood, MB 2tB
B$Brything r2C, including mB2t 2nd Pish, hut thB disco$Bry oP PirB ch2ngBd
his B2ting h2bits complBtBly, MB noC lB2rnt to cook his Poodu 2nd, ChBn hB
Pound th2t cookBd Pood C2s morB dBlicious, PirB bBc2mB 2n import2nt thing
in his liPB,
@irB 2lso g2$B thB B2rly m2n C2rmth 2nd light, Q$Bn in his sc2nty clothBs hB
could kBBp himsBlP C2rm in his c2$B on r2iny or cold nights, Mis c2$B C2s
no longBr d2rk 2nd hB could mo$B 2bout PrBBly 2t night, @urthBr, PirB g2$B
him protBction Prom Cild bB2sts, 2nd his liPB C2s morB sBcurB th2n it C2s
bBPorB, |n P2ct, PirB, likB C2tBr 2nd 2ir, bBc2mB indispBns2blB to m2nu 2nd,
tod2y, CB usB PirB Por 2 di$Brsity oP purposBs, aB usB it B$Bn to opBr2tB
m2chinBry to producB goods,
hut PirB h2s to bB kBpt undBr strict control, Por its c2p2city to dBstroy his
grB2t, `ncB it is out oP control, it Cill dBstroy liPB 2nd propBrty 2t
trBmBndous spBBd 2nd thB Corld h2s lost things Corth millions oP doll2rs
bBc2usB oP PirB, ;nd, pBoplB oPtBn usB PirBSs Bnormous c2p2city to grB2t
2d$2nt2gB, ThBy usB it to burn thous2nds oP 2crBs oP PorBst 2nd groC cropsp
;s 2 rBsult, CB noC Pind grBBn PiBlds ChBrB oncB thBrB CBrB PorBsts,
`n thB othBr h2nd, PirB h2s bBBn usBd by mBn, BspBci2lly oP thB modBrn 2gB,
to dBstroy mBn, |n B$Bry hum2n b2ttlB in thB p2st PirB C2s usBd to dBstroy thB
BnBmy, Q$Bn tod2y, thous2nds oP pBoplB,in m2ny p2rts oP thB Corld 2rB
bBing dBstroyBd by PirBu 2nd, ChBn Purious mBn try to m2kB thB bBst usB oP
PirBSs B]trBmB 2ngBr, misBry is h2rd to 2$oid, lt thBn rBigns suprBmBs,
|nnocBnt pBoplB, young 2nd old, must diB in thous2nds, |t is, thBrBPorB, truB
to s2y th2t, 8PirB is 2 good sBr$2nt, but 2 b2d m2stBr8,
-.( (/0$%1
m, sc2nty n2ddop >t Xi, thiiu, khng &7
r, indispBns2blB n2ddop tuyt &Gi cHn thiit, khng th' thi%u &!=c
s, di$Brsity nnop t>nh &2 dng
t, out oP controlp $!=t ngoi tHm ki'm sot
v, trBmBndous n2ddop ghL gNm, kinh kh7ng, kh7ng khi%p, d+ d/i
w, 2crB nnop m:u ;nh nkho#ng {,t hBct2o
x, Purious n2ddop gin d+
y, suprBmB n2ddop t/t &nh, tGi c2o
An accident ! have )itnessed
`nB r2iny d2y l2st yB2r, ChilB | C2s rBturning homB Prom UBrsing, 2 toCn in
thB B2st co2st oP U2l2ysi2, | CitnBssBd 2n 2ccidBnt Chich | sh2ll nB$Br
PorgBt,
| C2s rBturning homB in my P2thBrSs c2r, |t C2s r2ining hB2$ily 2nd thB ro2d
could not bB sBBn clB2rly, Uy P2thBr, 2n old m2n, C2s dri$ing sloCly to
2$oid 2n 2ccidBnt, ThB dournBy, thBrBPorB, sBBmBd unusu2lly long, 2nd |
bBg2n to PBBl tirBd, ThBn, suddBnly, 2 sm2ll c2r, running 2t grB2t spBBd,
o$Brtook our c2r, Uy P2thBr C2s shockBd 2t thB rBcklBssnBss oP thB dri$Br oP
th2t c2r, aB could not count thB numbBr oP pBrsons in th2t c2r, but CBrB surB
th2t thBrB CBrB 2t lB2st Pi$B, including tCo childrBn, Uy P2thBr 2t oncB
prBdictBd th2t tr2gBdy Could bBP2ll thB occup2nts oP thB c2r, ;PtBr this
prBdiction | bBg2n to groC imp2tiBnt, | did not Cish to sBB 2ny ugly scBnB
rBsulting Prom 2n 2ccidBnt, Though thB c2r h2d gonB quitB P2r its rB2r lights
Could still bB sBBn,
|n thB dist2ncB thBrB C2s 2 n2rroC bridgB, Oooking 2t thB C2y thB c2r C2s
bBing dri$Bn, | too C2s noC surB th2t 2n 2ccidBnt Could occur 2nd surB
Bnough it did occur, This is hoC it h2ppBnBd,
; lorry C2s coming Prom thB oppositB dirBction, |t C2s 2lrB2dy on thB
bridgB, ThB dri$Br oP thB sm2ll c2r, hoCB$Br, could not sloC doCn in good
timB, MB lost control oP thB c2r Chich skiddBd 2nd plungBd into thB sCollBn
ri$Br, RomBhoC, thB dri$Br m2n2gBd to slip out oP thB c2r, but thB othBrs
CBrB doomBd, ahBn CB 2rri$Bd 2t thB bridgB, CB CBrB touchBd dBBply by
Ch2t CB s2C, TCo childrBn CBrB struggling in thB ri$Br 2nd CB could do
nothing to s2$B thBm, ThBir mothBr, 2s CB c2mB to knoC l2tBr, C2s 2t thB
bottom oP thB ri$Br, tr2ppBd in thB c2r, 2nd thBy CBrB sCBpt 2C2y by thB rush
oP thB currBnt 2nd droCnBd, ThB dri$Br, 2nd P2thBr oP thB childrBn, bBg2n to
cry pitBously Por thB CiPB 2nd childrBn hB h2d lost so suddBnly, |t C2s indBBd
2 $Bry touching scBnB 2nd | sh2ll nB$Br PorgBt this d2y,
-.( (/0$%1
m, CitnBss n$op ch3ng ki%n, lm ch3ng
r, o$Brt2kB n$op no$BrtookT o$Brt2kBnop bt kIp, $!=t
s, rBcklBssnBss nnop t>nh thi%u thn trng, t>nh h5p t5p, t>nh khinh su5t, t>nh
li6u lnh
t, tr2gBdy nnop th#m kIch, bi kIch
v, occup2nt nnop ng!"i sV h+u, ng!"i s) d*ng
w, skid n$op tr!=t ]B
x, sCollBn n2ddop d.ng lLn c2ou phnh r2
y, doomBd n2ddop ph#i chIu sG phn bi &t
z, strugglB n$op $Wng $:y, $t l/n
m{, pitBously n2d$op th#m th!Fng, &ng th!Fng hi
"he imortance of good roads in a country
^ood ro2ds 2rB BssBnti2l Por thB dB$BlopmBnt oP 2 country, ThB om2ns
rB2lisBd this cBnturiBs 2go, 2nd ChBrB$Br thBy Bst2blishBd thBmsBl$Bs, , thBy
triBd to impro$B thB ro2ds thBrB, Tod2y, thB go$BrnmBnts oP 2ll countriBs in
thB Corld 2rB building morB 2nd morB ro2ds to g2in 2ccBss to thB rBmotBst
rBgions oP thBir countriBs,
o2ds link toCns 2nd $ill2gBs 2nd Bn2blB thB pBoplB oP onB pl2cB to
communic2tB Cith thB pBoplB oP 2nothBr pl2cB, ahBn Pood is sc2rcB in onB
pl2cB, it c2n bB brought Prom 2nothBr pl2cB Cithout much diPPiculty, Q$Bn
things Chich c2nnot bB producBd in onB rBgion c2n bB brought Prom 2nothBr
rBgion ChBrB thBy 2rB producBd in 2bund2ncB, ThB in$Bntion oP motorT
$BhiclBs h2s m2dB it B2sy to tr2nsport goods Prom pl2cB to pl2cB, hut thBsB
$BhiclBs rBquirB good ro2ds to tr2$Bl quickly, 2nd thB bBttBr thB ro2ds thB
morB goods c2n bB tr2nsportBd Prom onB pl2cB to 2nothBr in 2 $Bry short
timB, Thus, tr2dB is impro$Bd,
@urthBr, good ro2ds hBlp pBoplB to tr2$Bl B2sily to pl2cBs ChBrB thBy c2n
Cork 2nd dB$Blop thBir l2nds 2nd industriBs, |n U2l2ysi2, Por B]2mplB, thB
impro$BmBnt oP ro2ds h2s m2dB it B2sy Por skillBd CorkBrs Prom thB toCns
to Cork in rBmotB $ill2gBs, ThB pBoplB oP thB $ill2gBs, on thB othBr h2nd,
h2$B bBBn 2blB to lB2rn much Prom thB toCns, ;s 2 rBsult, thBrB h2s bBBn 2
lot oP impro$BmBnt in this country in 2ll sphBrBs oP 2cti$ity,
@in2lly, in timBs oP C2r good ro2ds hBlp 2rmiBs to mo$B 2bout Cithout
diPPiculty, RomBtimBs, 2 country is dBPB2tBd bBc2usB its 2rmy is not 2blB to
rB2ch 2 pl2cB in good timB oCing to b2d ro2ds, Q$Bn thB policB m2y not bB
2blB to rB2ch 2 pl2cB ChBrB thBrB is somB troublB iP thB ro2ds 2rB b2d, @or 2ll
thBsB rB2sonsp it is 2lC2ys nBcBss2ry Por 2 country to h2$B good ro2ds,
-.( (/0$%1
m, Bst2blish n$op thnh lp, thi%t lp, ki%n lp
r, sc2rcB n2ddop kh2n hi%m
s, 2bund2ncB nnop nhi6u, d! dt, giu c0, phong phE
t, sphBrB nnop lnh $Dc, phm $i, tHm #nh h!Vng
v, dBPB2t n$op &nh bi, lm th5t bi
Life in the village
ThB $ill2gB h2s 2lC2ys bBBn knoCn to bB 2 pl2cB oP pB2cB 2nd quiBt, ThB
sc2ttBrBd housBs 2mong hundrBds oP pl2nts 2nd trBBs 2t oncB indic2tB thB
l2ck oP 2cti$ity in thB $ill2gB,
ThB CorkBrs in thB $ill2gB lB2$B thBir homBs B2rly in thB morning to Cork in
thB pl2nt2tions or toCns nB2rby, RomB h2$B thBir oCn pl2nt2tions, 2nd somB
m2kB cBrt2in 2rticlBs in thBir homBs to sBll thBm in thB toCns, ; PBC oP thB
$ill2gBrs, including ComBn, go out to c2tch Pish in thB strB2ms 2nd ri$Brs
Pound in thB $ill2gB, Though thB pBoplB oP thB $ill2gB do not usu2lly B2rn
much, yBt thBy sBBm to bB contBntBd,
|n thB 2PtBrnoon, most oP thB $ill2gBrs 2rB 2t homB, RomB oP thBm t2kB 2 n2p
2PtBr lunchu somB Cork in thBir sm2ll g2rdBns, 2nd somB $isit thB sm2ll
shops in thB $ill2gB, |n $2rious p2rts oP thB $ill2gB childrBn m2y bB sBBn
pl2ying thB popul2r g2mBs oP thB $ill2gB, `cc2sion2lly, 2 cyclist p2ssBs by,
ThBn, in thB B$Bning, thB $ill2gBrs mBBt onB 2nothBr, RomB pl2y c2rds 2nd
othBr typBs oP g2mBs pBculi2r to thB $ill2gB, RomB t2lk 2bout thB d2ySs
incidBnts in thB $ill2gB, 2nd thosB ChosB minds go bByond thB $ill2gB
discuss Corld B$Bnts,
|n 2lmost B$Bry $ill2gB thBrB is 2 hB2dm2n ChosB duty is to sBttlB qu2rrBls
2mong thB $ill2gBrs 2nd m2int2in pB2cB in thB $ill2gB, ahBnB$Br thBrB is 2
disputB, thB $ill2gBrs go to thB hB2dm2n Cho is hBld in such BstBBm th2t his
Cord h2s thB PorcB or l2C, |n this C2y thB $ill2gBrs h2$B dB$BlopBd thBir oCn
simplB l2Cs, 2nd thB crimBs oP citiBs 2rB 2lmost unknoCn to thB pBoplB oP
thB $ill2gB,
_uring 2 PBsti$2l, thB CholB $ill2gB is 2li$B Cith 2cti$itiBs, Q$BryonB is in 2
h2ppy mood 2nd pl2ys his p2rt to m2kB thB PBsti$2l 2 succBss, This is thB
timB Por thB mBn, ComBn 2nd childrBn oP thB $ill2gB to CB2r thBir bBst
clothBs 2nd thB $ill2gB is Pull oP colour, ThBsB simplB C2ys oP liPB in thB
$ill2gB, hoCB$Br, must soon ch2ngB, brogrBss in sciBncB 2nd Bduc2tion h2s
2lrB2dy bBgun to 2PPBct thB outlook oP thB pBoplB in thB $ill2gB, 2nd hundrBds
2rB lB2$ing thB $ill2gB to sBBk thBir PortunBs in thB toCns 2nd citiBs,
-.( (/0$%1
m, sc2ttBrBd n2ddop lc &c, l!2 th!2, r#i rc
r, 2rticlB nnop hng, $t phm, &< &c
s, contBntBd n2ddop tho# men, men nguyn
t, n2p nnop gi5c ng7 tr!2
t2kB 2 n2p 2PtBr lunchp ng7 m/t gi5c s2u b+2 (n tr!2
v, cyclist nnop ng!"i &i ]B &p
v, hB2dm2n nnop tr!Vng lng, gi lng, tW tr!Vng
x, disputB nnop cu/c bn cei, cu/c tr2nh lun
y, BstBBm nnop sD k>nh m%n, sD quJ trng
z, mood n2ddop t.m trng, t>nh kh>, t.m t>nh
m{, PortunB nnop $n m2y
6y favourite author
Uy P2$ouritB 2uthor is ailli2m Rh2kBspB2rB, 2 m2n Cho h2s CrittBn Bnough
Por immort2lity,
Though 2 PBC hundrBd yB2rs h2$B Bl2psBd sincB thB dB2th oP Rh2kBspB2rB
2nd $olumBs h2$B bBBn CrittBn on thB liPB 2nd Cork oP this grB2t CritBr, his
B2rly liPB still rBm2ins 2 subdBct Por spBcul2tion 2nd condBcturB, |t is
gBnBr2lly bBliB$Bd th2t Rh2kBspB2rB h2d $Bry littlB schooling, Bt his kBBn
intBllBct 2nd m2stBry oP l2ngu2gB h2$B B2rnBd Por him thB 2pprBci2tion 2nd
2ppl2usB oP thB litBr2ry Corld,
Rh2kBspB2rBSs P2mB, S| think, origin2tBs Prom his 2bility to idBntiPy his
rB2dBrs Cith thB ch2r2ctBrs in his storiBs, |n most oP his storiBs CB Pind
rBPlBctions oP our oCn B]pBriBncBs, This shoCs strikingly th2t Rh2kBspB2rB
h2d 2n insight into Shum2n n2turB 2nd thB problBms oP liPB, Mis tr2gBdiBs
such 2s 8U2cbBthS 2nd 8M2mlBt clB2rly shoC his dBBp knoClBdgB oP thB
hum2n mind, U2nSs 2mbition, dBspBr2tion, sorroCs, Prustr2tions 2nd hopBs
2rB dB2lt Cith in thBsB tr2gBdiBs Cith such skill th2t thB rB2dBr himsBlP
B]pBriBncBs 2ll thB mBnt2l conPlicts 2nd Bmotions, 2nd thus gBts 2 bBttBr idB2
2bout hum2n n2turB, aith Bqu2l skill, Rh2kBspB2rB dB2ls Cith m2nSs doys 2nd
plB2surBs in 2ll his comBdiBs, Mis comBdiBs likB, 8TCBlPth Aight8 2nd 8;s
ou OikB |t,S 2rB 2 dBlight to rB2d, Through thB ch2r2ctBrs in his storiBs
Rh2kBspB2rB con$Bys his $iBCs on liPB 2nd thB Corld, Uost oP his ch2r2ctBrs,
such 2s M2mlBt, 2rB $BhiclBs Por mor2l instruction, U2nSs n2turB is thB thBmB
oP 2ll his Critings, hy 2 skillPul combin2tion oP Cords 2nd situ2tions, hB
rB$B2ls thB Corst 2s CBll 2s thB bBst in m2n, Mis choicB oP Cords is m2stBrly
2nd m2ny oP his phr2sBs 2rB litBr2ry gBms, ;s m2nSs n2turB is his thBmB,
Ch2t hB CrotB yB2rs 2go rBm2ins truB B$Bn tod2y, 2nd it Cill rBm2in so till
thB Bnd oP timB, |t is Por 2ll thBsB rB2sons th2t | Bndoy rB2ding Rh2kBspB2rB,
MoCB$Br, | do Bndoy rB2ding thB Corks oP othBr CritBrs too, such 2s thosB oP
9h2rlBs _ickBns 2nd 2nB ;ustBn, hut thBy do not gi$B thB s2tisP2ction th2t
Rh2kBspB2rB gi$Bs, | Pind Rh2kBspB2rBSs storiBs so intBrBsting th2t | h2$B rB2d
thB s2mB storiBs sB$Br2l timBs in l2st PBC yB2rsu 2nd, B$Bry timB | rB2d thB
s2mB story, | lB2rn somBthing nBC 2bout hum2n n2turB, Rh2kBspB2rB C2s
indBBd 2 gBnius,
AQa a`_Rp
m P2$ouritB n2ddop &!=c m%n chu/ng nh5t &!=c !2 th>ch nh5t
r, immort2lity nnop b5t t) b5t dit, b5t h7, d2nh ti%ng mun thuV
s, Bl2psB n$op nn0i $6 th"i gi2no tri qu2
t, spBcul2tion nnop sD nghiLn c3u, sD suy ]qt
v, condBcturB nnop sD phXng &on
w, 2ppl2usB nnop sD ho2n nghLnh, sD tn th!Vng
x, 2mbition nnop hoi beo, th2m $ng
y, Prustr2tion nnop sD lm th5t bi, t.m trng $Y m/ng
z, conPlict nnop sD ]ung &/t, cu/c ]ung &/t
m{, thBmB nnop &6 ti, ch7 &6
mm, combin2tion nnop sD k%t h=p, sD ph> h=p
mr, rB$B2l n$op b/c l/, bi'u l/, khm ph
ms, m2stBrly n2ddop r5t giXi, bc thHy, ti tnh
mt, gBm nnop & quJ, $iLn ngc
mv, gBnius nnop ng!"i thiLn ti, ng!"i 2nh ti, bc kl ti
A frightening e7erience
| 2m not onB Cho is PrightBnBd B2silyu but | must 2dmit th2t onB night | s2C
2 PigurB th2t struck tBrror into my hB2rt,
|t C2s 2 moonlitTnight, | C2s rBturning homB on Poot Prom 2 toCn 2 PBC
milBs 2C2y, Th2t C2s thB Pirst night in my liPB th2t | C2s out 2lonB, ThB ro2d
2long Chich | C2s C2lking C2s not usBd much 2t night, Q$Bn during thB d2y,
it C2s usBd only by thosB Cho CorkBd in thB rubbBr 2nd b2n2n2 pl2nt2tions
long th2t ro2d, ;s | C2s C2lking, | could hB2r thB noisBs m2dB by squirrBls,
insBcts 2nd oCls, 9rB2turBs th2t lo$B thB night Corld such 2s b2ts CBrB $Bry
2cti$B, 2nd thBrB CBrB hundrBds oP sh2doCs, ;ll thBsB did not, hoCB$Br,
PrightBn mB, | hBld 2 stick in my h2nd 2nd mo$Bd r2pidly toC2rds homB Por
my dinnBr, ThBn, suddBnly, | c2ught sight oP 2n old l2dy, 2 short dist2ncB
2C2y, MBr hB2d C2s co$BrBd Cith 2 ChitB cloth, 2nd shB C2s C2$ing to mB,
9urious to knoC Chy shB C2s thBrB 2t th2t timB oP thB night, | stoppBd Por 2
ChilB, ;s | stood thBrB, hoCB$Br, $2guB mBmoriBs oP storiBs 2bout ghosts
bBg2n to comB b2ck to my mind, | C2s soon grippBd Cith PB2r 2nd took to
my hBBls, | r2n 2s P2st 2s | could, 2nd ChBn | rB2chBd homB | could h2rdly
spB2k,
`n thB nB]t d2y, hoCB$Br, | $isitBd th2t pl2cB 2g2in to m2kB surB th2t thB
Com2n C2s indBBd 2 rB2l pBrson 2nd not 2 ghost, hut | could Pind no
Pootprints thBrB, `nly 2 b2n2n2 pl2nt stood thBrB Cith its lB2$Bs mo$ing in
thB brBBcB, | rB2lisBd thBn th2t it C2s thB b2n2n2 pl2nt Cith its lB2$Bs mo$ing
in thB brBBcB th2t lookBd likB 2 Com2n C2$ing hBr h2nd, | h2d indBBd m2dB
2 tool oP mysBlPu but 2PtBr thB prB$ious nightSs B]pBriBncB, this disco$Bry C2s
sm2ll rBliBP to mB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, PrightBn n$op lm ho#ng s=, lm s=
r, moonTlit nightp &Lm sng tr(ng
s, $2guB n2ddop mF h<, l" m", mp m"
t, brBBcB nnop gi0 nh\
v, prB$ious n2ddop tr!Nc
"he value of higher education
RincB thB d2Cn oP ci$ilic2tion, grB2t thinkBrs likB bl2to 2nd ;ristotlB h2$B
bBBn doing thBir utmost to sprB2d Bduc2tion to thB rBmotBst cornBrs oP thB
B2rth, |t is rB2lisBd th2t Bduc2tion dB$Blops thB intBllBct 2nd Bn2blBs onB to
discrimin2tB bBtCBBn thB good 2nd thB b2d, UorB 2nd morB uni$BrsitiBs 2nd
othBr Bduc2tion institutions 2rB thBrBPorB bBing opBnBd in 2ll p2rts oP thB
Corld to pro$idB highBr Bduc2tion,
|n 2lmost B$Bry country tod2y, thBrB is 2 lot oP unBmploymBnt, `nly thosB
Cho h2$B rBcBi$Bd 2 high st2nd2rd oP Bduc2tion 2rB 2blB to sBcurB high
positions in sociBty 2nd in thB $2rious proPBssions, |t h2s thBrBPorB bBcomB
nBcBss2ry Por m2ny pBoplB to 2ttBnd institutions or highBr lB2rning to
impro$B thBir prospBcts oP BmploymBnt,
MighBr Bduc2tion conPBrs m2ny othBr bBnBPits, |t bro2dBns thB mind 2nd
incrB2sBs onBSs poCBrs oP thinking, rB2soning 2nd im2gin2tion, @urthBr, it
m2kBs onB morB symp2thBtic toC2rds othBrs, |t hBlps us to undBrst2nd thB
problBms 2nd CB2knBssBs oP m2n, 2nd CB bBcomB lBss suspicious oP
str2ngBrs 2nd othBrs, aB 2lso bBcomB morB thoughtPul oP thB PBBlings 2nd
nBBds oP othBrs, ;s 2 rBsult, CB 2rB 2blB to mi] bBttBr Cith pBoplB, hBsidBs,
highBr Bduc2tion hBlps us grB2tly in dBciding Ch2t is right 2nd Ch2t is
Crong, Ch2t is truB 2nd Ch2t is P2lsB, ThBrBPorB, pBoplB c2n h2rdly dBcBi$B
or mislB2d us, MighBr Bduc2tion 2lso tB2chBs us hoC to spBnd our lBisurB
momBnts, aB lB2rn to m2kB thB bBst usB oP our sp2rB timB, Q$Bn during old
2gB CB knoC hoC to kBBp oursBl$Bs occupiBd, ;g2in, highBr Bduc2tion
dB$Blops sBlPTconPidBncB, aB lB2rn to h2$B P2ith in our oCn 2bilitiBs, ;s 2
rBsult, CB 2rB 2blB to mBBt 2nd t2lk Cith pBoplB 2nyChBrB, ;ll thBsB
qu2litiBs, 2cquirBd through highBr Bduc2tion, combinB to m2kB onB 2 lB2dBr
2mong mBn, `nB is 2blB to li$B 2 bBttBr liPB in sociBty,
ThB bBnBPits oP Bduc2tion 2rB thBrBPorB m2ny, 2nd B$BryonB should try his
bBst to 2cquirB thB highBst oP Bduc2tion, BithBr by 2ttBnd2ncB 2t 2n
Bduc2tion2l institution or by pri$2tB studiBs,
-.( (/0$%1
m ci$ilic2tion nnop n6n $(n minh
r, discrimin2tB n$op ph.n bit
s, institution nnop cF qu2n, tZ ch3c
t, suspicious n2ddop nghi ng", tX r2 c0 sD nghi ng"
v, mislB2d n$op lm cho mL mu/i, lm cho lc &!"ng, lc lGi
w, sBlPTconPidBncB nnop sD tD tin, l1ng tD tin
x, combinB n$op phGi h=p, k%t h=p
"he rainy season
ahBn thB gr2ss dry, thB trBBs h2$B lost thBir lB2$Bs, thB ri$Brs h2$B $Bry littlB
C2tBr in thBm 2nd thB PiBlds 2rB p2rchBd, B$BryonB pr2ys Por thB coming oP
r2in, hut ChBn it continuBs to r2in Por sB$Br2l d2ys, thBrB 2rB pr2yBrs
B$BryChBrB Por thB r2in to stop, Por hB2$y 2nd continuous r2in oPtBn c2usBs
grB2t h2rdship to m2ny pBoplB, BspBci2lly in thB Bqu2tori2l rBgion, ThB r2iny
sB2son is thBrBPorB CBlcomBd 2t timBs, 2nd 2t othBr timBs, it is h2tBd,
|n Bqu2tori2l countriBs likB U2l2ysi2, thB r2iny sB2son oPtBn c2usBs much
d2m2gB to crops, liPB 2nd propBrty, bBoplB Cho Cork in thB p2ddyT PiBlds,
rubbBr 2nd othBr pl2nt2tions h2$B to stop thBir Cork Por somBtimB, ;s 2
rBsult, thBy losB incomB 2nd suPPBr h2rdship, @2rmBrs too suPPBr 2s thBy h2$B
to stop sBlling $BgBt2blBs 2nd poultry Por 2 PBC d2ys, Q$Bn school childrBn
B]pBriBncB 2 lot oP incon$BniBncB, ThBy Pind it diPPicult to go to school in
comPort 2nd B2sB, RomB pl2cBs 2rB complBtBly undBr C2tBr 2nd m2ny
childrBn 2rB un2blB to go to school, RomBtimBs thB schools h2$B to bB
closBd, Q$Bn to go to thB m2rkBt bBcomBs 2 problBm, 2nd pBoplB c2nnot go
out to Bndoy or do 2ny Cork,
9ontinuous r2in during thB r2iny sB2son 2lso c2usBs much illnBss 2mong
childrBn 2nd 2dults, RomBtimBs m2ny childrBn 2rB droCnBd in thB Ploods
c2usBd by hB2$y r2ins, hridgBs 2nd housBs 2rB sCBpt 2C2y by thB Ploods 2nd
thBrB is much suPPBring,
hut iP thB r2ins 2rB not hB2$y, thB r2iny sB2son c2n bring 2 lot oP doy to
P2rmBrs 2nd othBrs, 2ins bring C2tBr Por our crops 2nd Por usB in our
homBs, Oight r2ins m2kB thB d2y cool 2nd plB2s2nt 2nd pBoplB Pind it B2sy to
Cork in thB PiBlds 2nd othBr pl2cBs, ThB soil rBm2ins moist, bl2nts 2nd
PloCBrs groC B2sily to m2kB our g2rdBns bB2utiPul, BgBt2blBs too groC CBll
2nd m2rkBts 2rB Pull oP grBBn $BgBt2blBs, Q$Bn 2nim2ls, likB coCs 2nd go2ts
Pind Bnough gr2ss to B2t, ThBrB is 2lso Bnough C2tBr Por thBm to drink,
Bt, thosB Cho li$B in pl2cBs ChBrB thBrB is 2 lot oP r2inP2ll do not rB2lisB
hoC Portun2tB thBy 2rB, `nly thosB Cho li$B in thB hot dBsBrts rB2lisB thB
$2luB oP r2inP2ll, ThBy Could surBly CBlcomB thB r2iny sB2son,
-.( (/0$%1
m, p2rch n$op kh n}, r2ng, nung
r, Bqu2tori2l n2ddop nthu/co ]>ch &o, gHn ]>ch &o
s, poultry nnop gi2 cHm, g, $It, thIt gi2 cHm
t, incon$BniBncB n2ddop sD b5t tin, sD phi6n ph3c
v, moist n2ddop m !Nt
"he imortance of )ater
RincB thB bBginning oP timB, C2tBr h2s continuBd to bB 2n import2nt thing to
2ll li$ing things, aithout C2tBr nothing could li$B, aB m2y ch2ngB our Pood
2ccording to thB clim2tB oP 2 pl2cB but CB Pind no substitutB Por C2tBr, U2n
h2s 2lC2ys lookBd Por purB PrBsh C2tBr to sl2kB his thirst,
a2tBr not only quBnchBs our thirst but it is 2lso 2 sourcB oP Pood to us, @rom
thB sB2 CB c2tch l2rgB qu2ntitiBs oP Pish 2nd othBr crB2turBs, aB usB C2tBr to
irrig2tB our l2nds to producB crops, U2ny p2rts oP thB Corld 2rB dry 2nd
b2rrBn bBc2usB thBrB is no C2tBr thBrB, bBoplB in such pl2cBs lB2d 2 $Bry
h2rd liPB, Q$Bn thB pl2nts 2nd 2nim2ls Pind it 2 rB2l strugglB to sur$i$B, ThBy
c2n obt2in C2tBr only by somB mB2ns oP ingBnuity, a2tBr 2lso hBlps to
incrB2sB thB PBrtility oP thB l2nd in sB$Br2l p2rts oP thB Corld, ThB 2llu$ium
th2t is brought doCn by ri$Brs is $Bry PBrtilB 2nd yiBlds l2rgB qu2ntitiBs oP
crops, Q$Bn BlBctricity, Chich h2s ch2ngBd our li$Bs complBtBly, is producBd
by C2tBrTpoCBr in m2ny countriBs,
@urthBr, C2tBr is 2n import2nt mB2ns oP communic2tion, aB usB C2tBrC2ys
to c2rry our goods or tr2dB, a2tBr tr2nsport is chB2pBr th2n l2nd tr2nsport
2nd in m2ny rBmotB rBgions, ri$Brs 2rB thB only mB2ns oP communic2tion, |n
m2ny countriBs ri$Brs 2rB usBd to bring doCn timbBr Prom thB hilly rBgions
to thB loCBr rBgions ChBrB thB timbBr mills 2rB, |n this C2y much monBy is
s2$Bd,
|t is truB, hoCB$Br, th2t C2tBr h2s 2lso c2usBd much dBstruction to liPB 2nd
propBrty throughout hum2n history, MB2$y r2inP2ll, sCollBn ri$Brs 2nd thB
2ngry C2$Bs oP thB sB2 h2$B killBd thous2nds oP pBoplB 2nd dBstroyBd homBs
2nd crops, Bt, C2tBr is indispBns2blB to liPB, 2nd pBoplB B$BryChBrB 2rB
trying thBir bBst to bring C2tBr to pl2cBs ChBrB it is sc2rcB, to control its PloC
in timBs oP Ploods 2nd to m2kB grB2tBr usB oP it,
-.( (/0$%1
m, substitutB nnop $t th2y th%, ng!"i th2y th%
r, sl2kB n$op lm nh\, lm dIu n&2u &Nno, lm ngui
s, quBnch n$op lm h%t kht
t, irrig2tB n$op t!Ni, lm !Nt &5t,
v, b2rrBn n2ddop cn cki
w, ingBnuity nnop ti khqo qo, t>nh ch5t khqo lqo
x, PBrtility nnop tnh trng mHu mY
y, 2llu$ium nnop &5t phW s2, b<i t>ch, &5t b<i
z, yiBld n$op m2ng li, sinh r2, s#n ]u5t
m{, timbBr mill nnop ]!Vng gk
mm, indispBns2blB n2ddop tuyt &Gi cHn thi%t, khng th% thi%u &!=c
8o) ! send my time after school
;s | 2m noC prBp2ring Por 2n import2nt B]2min2tion Chich Cill bB hBld 2t
thB Bnd oP this yB2r, | spBnd most oP my timB rB2ding my books, ThBrB 2rB,
hoCB$Br, 2 PBC othBr things th2t | somBtimBs do during my lBisurB,
;s soon 2s | rB2ch homB B$Bryd2y 2PtBr school, | h2$B my lunch quickly in
ordBr to h2$B 2s much timB 2s possiblB to rB2d my books, Q2ting quickly is
not good Por hB2lth but | h2$B to p2ss my B]2min2tion, ThBrBPorB, thB morB |
2m 2blB to rB2d thB morB cBrt2in | c2n bB oP p2ssing my B]2min2tion, |t is
Por this rB2son th2t | rB2d my books Por 2bout tCo hours 2PtBr lunch
B$Bryd2y,
;PtBr rB2ding in thB 2PtBrnoon, | h2$B my b2th 2nd thBn 2 cup oP tB2, M2$ing
donB thBsB, | go out to my PriBndSs housB nB2rby 2nd discuss our lBssons Por
2bout 2n hour Cith my PriBnd, RomBtimBs CB go Por 2 C2lk 2nd 2s CB do so,
CB t2lk m2inly 2bout our lBssons, Uy PriBnd is $Bry good 2t hBr lBssons 2nd
shB B]pl2ins m2ny oP thB things th2t | do not undBrst2nd clB2rly in school,
RomBtimBs, hoCB$Br, | rBm2in 2t homB to hBlp my mothBr in thB kitchBn,
BspBci2lly iP CB B]pBct somB $isitors, | must 2dmit th2t | Bndoy doing such
Cork, 2s it hBlps mB to lB2rn hoC to prBp2rB 2 good mB2l, | h2$B 2lrB2dy
lB2rnBd hoC to m2kB somB dBlicious c2kBs by hBlping my mothBr, ThBrB 2rB
timBs ChBn | spBnd somB timB Corking in our $BgBt2blB g2rdBn, Uy p2rBnts
h2$B pl2ntBd m2ny $2riBtiBs oP $BgBt2blBs, 2nd | hBlp thBm to C2tBr thB
pl2nts so th2t thBy m2y groC CBll, @urthBr, | 2lso spBnd somB timB
dBcor2ting my housB, ChBn | PBBl th2t things in my housB h2$B bBcomB too
dull to look 2t, ;t night, | study my lBsson 2g2in, 2nd go to bBd l2tB 2PtBr
dinnBr, Thus, my timB 2PtBr school is spBnt in 2 $2riBty oP C2y,
-.( (/0$%1
m prBp2rB n$op chun bI
r, lBisurB nnop th"i gi2n rki
s, dBlicious n2ddop ngon
t, dBcor2tB n$op tr2ng hong, tr2ng tr>
"he things ! disli*e the most
ThBrB 2rB m2ny things th2t most pBoplB dislikB, ThB things th2t | dislikB thB
most 2rB noisB, croCds 2nd l2cinBss,
AoisB disturbs mB grB2tly, This is Chy | do not likB to li$B in 2 city ChBrB
noisB prBdomin2tBs, @rom d2Cn till midTnight, $BhiclBs run to 2nd Por in thB
city to m2kB thB pl2cB B]trBmBly noisy, ThB noisB is PurthBr incrB2sBd by thB
$oicBs oP thous2nds oP pBoplB Bng2gBd in 2ll kinds oP 2cti$ity 2nd thB sounds
oP othBr things such 2s busy P2ctoriBs 2nd m2chinBs, @or this rB2son, thB $Bry
thought oP going to 2 city, B$Bn Por 2 short $isit, is dist2stBPul to mB,
|n thB s2mB C2y, | 2lso dislikB croCds, 9roCds m2kB mo$BmBnt diPPicult, |P
2 pl2cB is croCdBd, it is not B2sy to mo$B 2bout or do 2ny Cork, |P CB 2rB in
2 hurry to go somBChBrB, 2 croCd c2n dBl2y our progrBss,
; croCd c2n 2lso intBrPBrB Cith our BndoymBnt oP sights 2nd $isits, @or
B]2mplB, iP CB go Cith othBrs to pl2cBs likB thB musBum 2nd thB coo, CB
m2y not bB 2blB to Bndoy looking 2t thB things 2round bBc2usB oP thB
const2nt PB2r oP losing sight oP thB othBrs Cith us, BspBci2lly iP thBy 2rB
sm2ll,
@in2lly, | dislikB l2cinBss bBc2usB | PBBl th2t 2 l2cy pBrson is 2lC2ys 2 burdBn
not only to his p2rBnts but 2lso to othBrs, hy rBPusing to do 2ny Cork hB
compBls othBrs to Cork Por his comPorts, RomBtimBs B$Bn 2 CB2k 2nd poor
pBrson h2s to strugglB to pro$idB Por 2 strong 2nd hB2lthy m2n Cho Cill not
B]Brt himsBlP only bBc2usB hB is l2cy, Ruch 2 pBrson is cBrt2inly
inconsidBr2tB 2nd illTm2nnBrBd toC2rds othBrs, ;s long 2s hB gBts Ch2t hB
nBBds 2nd C2nts, hB doBs not c2rB Ch2t othBrs think oP him, | h2tB to sBB
such 2 pBrson, B$Bn iP hB is my oCn brothBr or P2thBr,
ThBsB 2rgumBnts B]pl2in Chy | h2tB thB things th2t | mBntionBd 2bo$B,
-.( (/0$%1
m, l2cinBss nnop sD l!"i bi%ng, t>nh l!"i bi%ng
r, prBdomin2tB n$op chi%m !u th%, $!=t tr/i
s, run to 2nd Pro n$op &i &i, li li
t, dist2stBPul n2ddop kh0 chIu, khng $?2 J
v, intBrPBrB n$op g.y trV ngi
w, const2nt n2ddop khng ngNt, khng d3t, liLn miLn
x, burdBn nnop gnh n~ng
y, compBl n$op bt bu/c, qp bu/c, thEc qp
z, inconsidBr2tB n2ddop thi%u .n cHn, thi%u chu &o, thi%u qu2n t.m
m{, 2rgumBnt nnop lJ li, lun c3
$escri#e the things you en'oy doing
| do m2ny things B$Bryd2yp but thB things | Bndoy doing most 2rB picking
PloCBrs 2nd prBp2ring my school lBssons,
;s 2 girl oP PourtBBn yB2rs oP 2gB, | hBlp my mothBr B$Bryd2y, Uy mothBr is
2 $Bry rBligious l2dy, Q$Bry B$Bning, bBPorB hBr pr2yBrs, | go out in sB2rch oP
PloCBrs Chich shB nBBds during hBr pr2yBrs, | must 2dmit th2t looking Por
PloCBrs 2round my housB is 2 $Bry plB2s2nt B]BrcisB, | go to 2ll our
nBighboursS g2rdBns ChBrB 2 grB2t $2riBty oP PloCBrs c2n bB Pound, `ur
nBighbours 2rB $Bry kind 2nd thBy 2lloC mB to pick 2s m2ny PloCBrs 2s m
likB,
;s | look 2t thB PloCBrs, | PBll B]trBmBly h2ppy, ThBy 2rB so bB2utiPul 2nd
colourPul th2t thBy m2kB thB g2rdBns thB bBst pl2cB to $isit in our 2rB2, `ncB
| 2m in thBsB g2rdBns | spBnd 2 long timB to pick PloCBrs bBc2usB oP thB
shBBr plB2surB oP C2lking insidB thB g2rdBns, ThBn, | rBturn to thB housB
Cith thB bBst PloCBrs th2t groC in thBsB g2rdBns, 2nd my mothBr is 2lC2ys
h2ppy to sBB thBm, Thus, | must s2y th2t | Bndoy picking PmoCBrs $Bry
much,
brBp2ring my school lBssons 2lso gi$Bs mB 2 lot oP plB2surB, ;s | prBp2rB
thBm, | lB2rn m2ny things 2bout thB Corld 2nd its 2PP2irs, p2st 2nd prBsBnt, m
2lso lB2rn 2bout thB pBoplB 2round us 2s CBll 2s thosB Cho 2rB thous2nds oP
milBs 2C2y in diPPBrBnt l2nds 2cross thB ocB2ns, @urthBr, | mB2rn morB 2nd
morB nBC Cords 2nd phr2sBs Chich hBlp mB to B]prBss my oCn thoughts
2nd PBBlings bBttBr, hBsidBs, thB knoClBdgB th2t | 2cquirB ChilB prBp2ring
my lBssons hBlps mB to mBBt 2nd t2lk Cith pBoplB Cith grB2tBr conPidBncB, |t
is Por thBsB rB2sons th2t | likB to prBp2rB my lBssons,
Thus, thB things th2t | likB to do most not only 2musB my mind but 2lso
contributB to thB B]tBnsion oP my knoClBdgB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, pick n$op hi nho2o
r, rBligious n2ddop sWng &o, m/ &o, ngo2n &o
s, shBBr n2ddop hon ton, &Fn thuHn
t, conPidBncB nnop sD tin cy, sD qu# quy%t
v, B]tBnsion nnop sD mV r/ng
Phn 9
.7ress your oinion on the imortance of studying geograhy
^Bogr2phy is 2 P2scin2ting subdBct, |t rB$B2ls 2ll thB CondBrPul ch2ngBs 2nd
2cti$itiBs th2t h2$B bBBn going on in thB Corld sincB thB bBginning oP timB,
hy rB2ding gBogr2phy CB lB2rn not only 2bout our oCn country but 2lso
2bout countriBs bByond thB sB2s, aB 2lso lB2rn 2bout thB mount2ins, ocB2ns,
isl2nds, l2kBs, $olc2noBs, thB Cinds 2nd 2 numbBr oP othBr $Bry intBrBsting
things 2bout thB Corld 2nd thB *ni$BrsB,
;mong thB import2nt things th2t CB lB2rn in ^Bogr2phy 2rB thB inPinitB
$2riBtiBs oP crB2turBs, pl2nts, birds 2nd l2nd PB2turBs th2t B]ist in thB Corld,
aB knoC th2t thBrB 2rB millions oP crB2turBsp sm2ll 2nd l2rgB, oP $2rious
kinds in 2ll p2rts oP thB B2rth, aB 2lso knoC th2t m2ny oP thB B2rly crB2turBs
h2$B noC bBcomB B]tinct, ChilB m2ny oP thBm h2$B ch2ngBd Prom thBir
origin2l Porms, B2ding 2bout 2ll thBsB is indBBd $Bry intBrBsting,
aB 2lso lB2rn 2bout thB $2rious typBs oP pl2nts 2nd birds th2t B]ist
throughout thB Corld, ThB pl2nts 2nd birds in thB cold l2nds 2rB not thB s2mB
2s thosB in C2rmBr l2nds, |n thB s2mB C2y, thB l2nd Porms in thB cold rBgions
2rB diPPBrBnt Prom thosB in othBr rBgions, |n thB Bqu2tori2l rBgions, Por
B]2mplB, pl2nt 2nd 2nim2l liPB is lu]uri2nt ChilB in thB polBs thB l2nd is
co$BrBd Cith snoC, 2nd 2nim2l 2nd pl2nt liPB is lBss 2bund2nt, |n Bqu2tori2l
rBgions 2bund2nt r2in h2s producBd l2rgB ri$Brs 2nd l2kBs, ChilB in 2rB2s
ChBrB littlB r2in P2lls thBrB 2rB l2rgB dBsBrts Cithout m2ny ri$Brs 2nd l2kBs,
;s thB clim2tB 2nd $BgBt2tion oP onB pl2cB 2rB not thB s2mB 2s thosB oP
2nothBr, thB h2bits 2nd 2cti$itiBs oP thB pBoplB oP diPPBrBnt rBgions 2rB 2lso
diPPBrBnt, Q$Bn thBir rBligious con$ictions 2nd l2ngu2gBs 2rB diPPBrBnt Prom
thosB oP othBr p2rts oP thB Corld,
Thus, ^Bogr2phy is 2 $Bry import2nt subdBct, 2nd bBc2usB oP its Cidth 2nd
$2riBty it is onB oP thB most intBrBsting subdBcts to rB2d,
-.( (/0$%1
m, gBogr2phy nnop &I2 lJ hc
r, $olc2no nnop nEi l)2
s, uni$BrsB nnop $ tr*, $n $t
t, lu]uri2nt n2diop phong phE, ph<n thInh, um tWm
v, 2bund2nt n2ddop nhi6u, phong phE, d<i do
w, $BgBt2tion nno p th!c $t, c.y cGi, th#m thDc $t ,
x, con$iction nnop sD nhn th3c, th5y t/i lki
"he imortance of rivers
i$Brs h2$B bBBn $Bry usBPul to mBn in 2ll p2rts oP thB B2rth sincB $Bry B2rly
timBs, ThBy pro$idB C2tBr to sl2kB thB thirst oP mBn, to PBrtilicB thBir l2nds
2nd to pro$idB 2 mB2ns oP communic2tion Por thB goods th2t thBy tr2nsport
Prom pl2cB to pl2cB,
Q2rly ci$ilic2tion bBg2n on thB b2nks oP thB grB2t ri$Brs oP thB Corld, such 2s
thB AilB 2nd thB |ndus, ThBsB ri$Brs pro$idBd thB C2tBr, thB pBoplB on thBir
b2nks nBBdBd Por 2ll thBir purposBs, ;s pBoplB in thosB B2rly d2ys did not
h2$B thB tr2nsport P2cilitiBs th2t CB h2$B tod2y , ThBy h2d to li$B closB to thB
ri$Brs to tr2nsport thBir goods to pl2cBs 2long thB ri$Brs 2nd to dr2C thB
C2tBr th2t thBy nBBdBd,
i$Brs not only pro$idBd C2tBr Por thBir domBstic nBBds 2nd 2gricultur2l
purposBs but 2lso Bn2blBd thB pBoplB to mo$B Prom pl2cB to pl2cB 2long thBir
b2nks, ho2ts or r2Pts CBrB usBd to tr2$Bl Prom onB Bnd oP 2 ri$Br to 2nothBr,
|n thB s2mB C2y, goods CBrB 2lso tr2nsportBd, aith thB tr2nsport oP good
2nd thB cont2cts oP pBoplB bBtCBBn diPPBrBnt p2rts oP thB s2mB ri$Br thBrB
CBrB 2lso m2ny cultur2l B]ch2ngBs, Thus, ri$Brs hBlpBd to sprB2d
ci$ilic2tion,
|t is truB, hoCB$Br, th2t ri$Brs h2$B 2lso c2usBd much misBry 2nd
unh2ppinBss to millions oP pBoplB throughout history, ThBy h2$B c2usBd
Ploods 2nd dBstroyBd li$Bs 2nd propBrty in 2ll p2rts oP thB B2rth, @or
B]2mplB, thB MC2ng Mo in 9hin2 h2s bBBn dBscribBd 2s thB sorroC oP
9hin28 bBc2usB oP thB dBstruction th2t it h2d c2usBd in thB p2st,
hut it should bB rB2lisBd th2t Ploods occur oncB in sB$Br2l yB2rs, ThBrBPorB,
thB d2m2gB th2t ri$Brs c2usB is not so grB2t 2s thB bBnBPits th2t thBy conPBr
on hum2nity, Tod2y,ri$Brs continuB to bB usBd not only 2s 2 sourcB oP C2tBr
Por drinking 2nd PBrtilicing thB l2nds or 2s 2 mB2ns oP tr2nsport but 2lso 2s 2
sourcB oP BlBctricity Chich h2s rB$olutionicBd sociBty, ThB import2ncB oP
ri$Brs is thBrBPorB not diPPicult to 2pprBci2tB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, sl2kB thB thirst n$op lm gi#m cFn kht, &Y kht
r, ci$ilic2tion nnop n6n $(n minh
s, b2nk nnop b" sng
t, P2cilitiBs nnop &i6u kin d4 dng, thun l=i, tin nghi
v, domBstic n2ddop trong nh, trong gi2 &nh
w, r2Pt n n op bK, m#ng, bK gk
x, rB$olutionicB n$op cch mng ho
y, 2pprBci2tB n$op &nh gi &Eng, &nh gi c2o, th!Vng th3c
"he value of #oo*s
_BBp in thB hB2rt oP B$Bry good book liBs thB distillBd Cisdom oP cBnturiBs,
To rB2d it is to bBcomB CisBr,
hooks 2rB CrittBn Por thB bBnBPit 2nd plB2surB oP 2ll thosB Cho likB to rB2d
thBm, hut thBy 2rB oP $2rious typBs, ThBrB 2rB books Por childrBn, 2s CBll 2s
Por 2dults, RomB books 2rB CrittBn Por thB spBci2lists, somB 2rB CrittBn Por
studBnts in thB schools 2nd uni$BrsitiBs, 2nd m2ny 2rB CrittBn dust Por thB
plB2surBs oP thB mind, |ndBBd, thB $2riBty oP books is inPinitB,
`nB oP thB rB2sons Por thB B]istBncB oP such 2 CidB $2riBty oP books is th2t
thB PiBld oP knoClBdgB is $Bry B]tBnsi$B, Q$Bn to gr2sp 2 sm2ll p2rt oP it onB
h2s to rB2d sB$Br2l books Por m2ny yB2rs, ;nothBr rB2son is th2t diPPBrBnt
pBoplB h2$B diPPBrBnt likBs 2nd dislikBs, ThB book th2t onB likBs to rB2d, thB
othBr m2y not likB, To mBBt thBsB bro2d 2nd $2rying nBBds oP pBoplB Por
inPorm2tion, knoClBdgB, rBcrB2tion 2nd 2BsthBtic BndoymBnt, morB 2nd morB
books 2rB bBing CrittBn B$Bry yB2r,
ThosB Cho 2im to spBci2licB in 2 cBrt2in br2nch oP knoClBdgB concBntr2tB
morB on thB books th2t pro$idB inPorm2tion on thBir p2rticul2r PiBld oP study,
|n thB libr2riBs 2nd book shops thBy look m2inly Por such books, hut thosB
Cho h2$B no p2rticul2r intBrBst in 2ny subdBct rB2d 2nd buy 2ll typBs oP
books, RomBtimBs thBy buy books intBndBd Por thB spBci2list, somBtimBs
thBy buy thosB CrittBn Por childrBn, 2nd somBtimBs iP thBy 2rB prBp2ring Por
somB B]2min2tion, thBy buy books Chich gi$B somB inPorm2tion on thBir
B]2min2tion subdBcts,
;lmost B$Bry book B]tBnds thB knoClBdgB oP thB rB2dBr 2nd dB$Blops his
intBllBct 2s CBll, Q$Bn iP thB rB2dBr doBs not lB2rn 2ny nBC P2cts Prom thB
book, hB m2y 2t lB2st lB2rn 2 PBC nBC Cords, B]prBssions or idB2s, |n P2ct,
cBrt2in books 2rB CrittBn m2inly to 2cqu2int thB rB2dBr Cith thB bB2uty oP
l2ngu2gB 2nd idB2s, ThBy do not dB2l Cith P2cts or 2ctu2l hum2n
B]pBriBncBs, hooks oP this typB pro$idB grB2t plB2surB to thB mind, 2nd
2lmost B$BryonB Cho lo$Bs rB2ding buys 2 PBC oP such books, hooks h2$B
2lso hBlpBd to promotB bBttBr undBrst2nding 2mong thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld,
hy rB2ding books, ThB pBoplB oP onB country h2$B comB to knoC 2bout thB
2chiB$BmBnts oP thosB in othBr countriBs,
Thus, books could bB rBg2rdBd 2s onB oP thB ch2nnBls oP communic2tion
2mong mBn, |ndBBd, Cithout books m2n Could not h2$B m2dB so much
progrBss 2s hB h2s m2dB tod2y, hy 2pplying thB knoClBdgB th2t hB h2s
g2inBd Prom books to pr2ctic2l purposBs, hB h2s m2dB thB Corld 2 plB2s2nt
pl2cB to li$B in, 9i$ilic2tion thBrBPorB oCBs 2 grB2t dBbt to thBsB in2nim2tB
things c2llBd books,
-.( (/0$%1
m, distil n$op &Ec k%t, ch!ng c5t
r, spBci2list nnop chuyLn gi2, chuyLn $iLn
s, $2rying n2ddop h2y th2y &Zi, h2y bi%n &Zi, khng Zn &Inh
t, 2BsthBtic n2ddop nthu/co m hc, thm m
v, PiBld nnop lnh $Dc, phm $i
w, intBllBct nnop tr> tu
x, 2t lB2st p >t nh5t, tGi thi'u
y, promotB n$op thEc &y, kh>ch m, ]Ec ti%n
z, 2chiB$BmBnt nnop thnh t>ch, thnh tDu
m{, ch2nnBl nnop kLnh, ngu<n nthng tin, tin t3c,,,o
mm, in2nim2tB n2ddop $ tri, $ gic
$o you thin* that hysical education is imortant+
ThB $2luB oP physic2l Bduc2tion h2s bBBn rB2licBd sincB thB B2rliBst timBs oP
hum2n B]istBncB, ThB ^rBBks 2nd thB om2ns considBrBd it indispBns2blB to
thB dB$BlopmBnt oP 2 good pBrson2lity 2nd ch2r2ctBr,
Tod2y in 2ll thB schools 2nd uni$BrsitiBs in thB Corld, 2 grB2t dB2l Bmph2sis
is bBing pl2cBd on physic2l Bduc2tion 2s 2 mB2ns oP producing citicBns oP
good ch2r2ctBr 2nd pBrson2lity,
bhysic2l Bduc2tion dB$Blops thB musclBs oP thB body sciBntiPic2lly 2nd
incrB2sBs muscul2r 2cti$ity 2nd physic2l strBngth, ;ll this m2kBs thB body
2cti$B 2nd BPPiciBnt, |t is noC 2lso rB2licBd th2t thBrB is 2 closB connBction
bBtCBBn thB body 2nd thB mind, ThBrBPorB, iP thB body is 2cti$B, thB mind
too is 2cti$B, brooP oP this c2n bB B2sily Pound 2mong childrBn, 9hildrBn
Cho 2rB in2cti$B physic2lly 2rB usu2lly 2lso mBnt2lly l2cy, ;n 2cti$B 2nd
BPPiciBnt body is 2 hB2lthy body, ahBn thB body is hB2lthy, thB mind too is
2nd thBrBPorB h2ppy, Thus, physic2l Bduc2tion contributBs grB2tly to thB
hB2lth 2nd h2ppinBss oP 2n indi$idu2l such 2n indi$idu2l could do 2 grB2t
dB2l Por thB good oP sociBty,
bhysic2l Bduc2tion c2n 2lso contributB to thB strBngth oP 2 n2tion, |P thB
youths oP 2 country rBcBi$B propBr physic2l Bduc2tion, thBy c2n build up 2
strong country to protBct itsBlP Prom PorBign 2tt2cks or in$2sions,
@urthBr, physic2l Bduc2tion pro$idBs opportunitiBs Por cont2cts Cith pBoplB
oP othBr l2nds, ;thlBtBs oP 2ll countriBs mBBt 2t $2rious countriBs 2t $2rious
timBs to compBtB Cith onB 2nothBr 2nd thus promotB common undBrst2nding
2mong countriBs Por thB bBnBPit oP onB 2nothBr,
|t is thBrBPorB, not Cithout rB2son th2t physic2l Bduc2tion h2s bBBn 2 p2rt 2nd
p2rcBl oP 2c2dBmic pursuit tod2y, | do thBrBPorB 2grBB th2t physic2l
Bduc2tion is import2nt to 2ll pBoplB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, physic2l n2ddop nthu/co th' ch5t
r, indispBns2blB n2ddop tuyt &Gi cHn thi%t
s, Bmph2sis nnop sD nh5n mnh, tHm qu2n trng
t, musclB nnop bp thIt, cF
v, prooP nnop ch3ng c3, bng ch3ng
w, in2cti$B n2ddop khng hot &/ng, thi%u hot &/ng
x, indi$idu2l n2ddop c nh.n
y, in$2sion nnop sD ].m l!=c
z, opportunity n2ddop cF h/i, th"i cF
m{, 2thlBtB nnop $n &/ng $iLnu lDc s
mm, p2rt 2nd p2rcBl p thnh phHn khng th' thi%u
mr, pursuit nnop sD thBo &uZi ngh6 nghip ho~c hot &/ng
"he imortance of reading ne)saers
;s thB n2mB suggBsts nBCsp2pBrs 2rB 2 sourcB oP nBCs 2nd inPorm2tion, |n
sB$Br2l rBspBcts thBy 2rB 2lso 2 mBdium oP communic2tion 2mong thB
pBoplBs oP thB Corld,
Tod2y thBrB 2rB hundrBds oP nBCsp2pBrs 2ll o$Br thB Corld, Q$BryChBrB
thBrB is 2 kBBn dBsirB to lB2rn morB 2nd morB 2bout thB 2PP2irs oP thB Corld,
This is p2rtly thB rBsult oP thB sprB2d oP Bduc2tion Chich sh2rpBns onBSs
curiosity to lB2rn 2bout dist2nt l2nds,
;s 2 sourcB oP nBCsp thB nBCsp2pBr is 2lmost indispBns2blB to thosB ChosB
thirst Por knoClBdgB is ins2ti2blB, ThBy cont2in nBCs on B$Bnts in dist2nt
cornBrs oP thB B2rth, |nPorm2tion 2bout such B$Bnts 2rri$Bs 2lmost
immBdi2tBly, ;s 2 rBsult, pBoplB B$BryChBrB 2rB inPormBd 2bout thB most
import2nt B$Bnts in thB Corld $Brg quickly 2nd 2lmost 2ll thB s2mB timB, @or
B]2mplB, iP 2 C2r brB2ks out in onB p2rt oP thB Corld tod2y , thB pBoplB in
thB othBr p2rts Cill cBrt2inly comB to knoC 2bout it tomorroC, ;s 2 rBsult,
2ll thB countriBs oP thB Corld 2rB 2blB to do somBthing quickly to hBlp thosB
Cho h2$B suPPBrBd bBc2usB oP thB C2r or to pBrsu2dB thB countriBs 2t C2r to
cB2sB Pighting,
ABCsp2pBrs 2lso pl2y 2n import2nt p2rt in kBBping thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld
inPormBd 2bout thB troublBs th2t might 2risB in thB PuturB, iP nothing is donB
to prB$Bnt thBm Prom h2ppBning, @or B]2mplB, iP 2 disputB 2risBs bBtCBBn
tCo countriBs Por 2ny rB2sonp thB nBCsp2pBrs c2n kBBp thB pBoplBs oP thB
Corld inPormBd 2bout Ch2t might h2ppBn iP nothing is donB to pBrsu2dB thB
tCo countriBs to rBsol$B thBir diPPBrBncBs pB2cBPully, |n this C2y m2ny C2rs
h2$B bBBn 2$oidBd bBc2usB oP thB intBr$Bntion oP somB countriBs in thB
disputBs oP m2ny countriBs Chich CBrB gi$Bn prominBncBs in nBCsp2pBrs,
ahBn 2ll this is considBrBd, CB PBBl th2t thBrB is somB silBnt communic2tion
2mong countriBs through thB mBdium oP nBCsp2pBrs Por thB common bBnBPit
oP thB countriBs oP thB Corld,
@urthBr, const2nt rB2ding oP nBCsp2pBrs impro$Bs onBs outlook on liPB 2nd
m2kBs onB 2 morB rB2son2blB pBrson, ThB import2ncB oP thB nBCsp2pBr is
thBrBPorB ob$ious,
-.( (/0$%1
m, rBspBct nnop ph!Fng din, kh>2 cnh
r, mBdium nnop ph!Fng tin
s, kBBn n2ddop menh lit, thi%t th2, nhit tnh
t, ins2ti2blB n2ddop khng th' tho# men &!=c
v, cB2sB n$op d?ng, ng?ng, ngNt, tnh
w, 2risB n$op ]u5t hin, n#y sinh r2, ]#y r2
x, intBr$Bntion nnop sD c2n thip, sD ]Bn $o
y, prominBncBnnop sD nZi bt, sD &ng chE J
$iscuss the art layed #y science in the romotion of u#lic health during
the last hundreds years
`nB oP thB most striking PB2turBs oP thB prBsBnt cBntury is thB progrBss oP
sciBncB 2nd its BPPBcts on 2lmost B$Bry 2spBct oP soci2l liPB, huilding on thB
Pound2tions l2id by thBir prBcBdBssors thB sciBntists oP tod2y 2rB c2rrying
thBir in$Bstig2tion into B$Br CidBning PiBlds oP knoClBdgB,
ThB contribution oP sciBncB to thB promotion oP public hB2lth in thB l2st
hundrBd yB2rs h2s indBBd bBBn trBmBndous, ThB uncB2sing Cork 2nd
B]pBrimBnts oP sciBntists during this timB h2$B lBd to numBrous disco$BriBs
2nd rBmo$Bd m2ny misconcBptions th2t m2ny pBoplB h2d bBPorB, rBg2rding
hB2lth illnBss, ThB c2usBs oP m2ny oP thB disB2sBs h2$B bBcomB gBnBr2lly
knoCn, |ndBBd, m2ny oP thB P2cts rBl2ting to public hB2lth, Chich 2rB noC
rBg2rdBd 2s common knoClBdgB, CBrB unknoCn B$Bn to thB doctors oP thosB
d2ys, ThB P2ct th2t gBrms CBrB thB c2usB oP most oP thB common disB2sBs
C2s not rB2lisBd by doctors oP high rBputB in thB not $Bry dist2nt p2st, Tod2y,
hoCB$Br, B$Bn 2 pupil oP 2 prim2ry school h2s somB knoClBdgB oP thB
dBstruction th2t gBrms c2n c2usB, ThB disco$Bry oP gBrms h2s indBBd
rB$olutionisBd 2ll mBdic2l concBpts oP disB2sB 2nd illnBssp B$BryChBrB
pBoplB h2$B comB to rB2lisB thB import2ncB oP clB2nlinBss in thB prB$Bntion
oP disB2sB,
ThB rBsB2rchBrs or sciBntists oP 2ll countriBs h2$B 2lso rB$B2lBd othBr sBcrBts,
|t is noC knoCn th2t illnBss 2nd disB2sBs c2n bB c2usBd by othBr li$ing
crB2turBs 2lso, such 2s PliBs, insBcts 2nd B$Bn birds, 2nim2ls 2nd hum2n
bBings, ThBir disco$BriBs h2$B contributBd to thB progrBss oP mBdic2l
sciBncB, Tod2y, pBoplB in 2ll p2rts oP thB Corld 2rB doing thBir utmost to
dBstroy thB crB2turBs th2t c2rry disB2sBs, ;t thB s2mB timB, hoCB$Br,
sciBntists h2$B 2lso disco$BrBd th2t cBrt2in 2nim2ls 2nd crB2turBs could
pro$idB somB curB Por 2 $2riBty oP disB2sBs th2t 2rB d2ngBrous to hum2n
bBings, Q$Bn thB cur2ti$B $2luB oP cBrt2in pl2nts h2s bBBn disco$BrBd,
;n import2nt rBsult oP thB disco$BriBs oP sciBntists h2s bBBn th2t, thBy h2$B
2lso Pound thB curB oP 2lmost B$Bry disB2sB, |t is 2 pr2cticB oP thB sciBntists
to Cork Por thB disco$Bry oP 2 curB 2s soon 2s thBy h2$B disco$BrBd thB
c2usBs oP 2 cBrt2in disB2sB, This sBr$icB oP thB sciBntists h2s promotBd thB
CBlP2rB oP thB hum2n r2cB, |n this PiBld oP rBsB2rch, sciBntists m2kB no
distinction bBtCBBn r2cBs, ah2tB$Br thBy disco$Br is usBd Por thB 2d$2nt2gB
oP mBn B$BryChBrB, ThB progrBss oP hum2nity is thBir m2in 2im,
ThB Cork oP mBdic2l sciBntists 2lso rBducBd p2in to grB2t B]tBnt, |n thB p2st
opBr2tions CBrB pBrPormBd on indi$idu2ls in 2 $Bry crudB m2nnBr,
;mput2tion C2s 2 $Bry p2inPul 2PP2ir, Tod2y, hoCB$Br, thB CholB body oP 2
m2n could bB cut opBn Cithout his PBBling 2ny p2in by thB usB oP
chloroPorm, |n this C2y sciBncB h2s rBliB$Bd thB misBry oP mBn
trBmBndously,
;nothBr $Bry import2nt disco$Bry h2s bBBn th2t, C2tBr, Cithout Chich liPB
c2nnot B]ist, somBtimBs cont2ins thB BlBmBnts oP dBstruction 2s CBll, impurB
C2tBr could sprB2d disB2sB 2nd dB2th 2t trBmBndous spBBd, This knoClBdgB
h2s lBd pBoplB in 2ll p2rts oP thB Corld to usB only purB C2tBr tor 2ll
domBstic 2nd othBr purposBs, a2tBr is considBrBd so import2nt 2 P2ctor in
public hB2lth th2t 2ll thB go$BrnmBnts oP thB Corld control its usB Por
drinking purposBs, ;ll thBsB disco$BriBs h2$B indBBd promotBd public hB2lth
during thB l2st hundrBd yB2rs,
-.( (/0$%1
m, Pound2tionnnop sD thnh lp, sD sng lp
r, prBcBdBssor nnop ng!"i &i tr!Nc, ng!"i ti6n nhim
s, uncB2sing n2ddop liLn t*c, khng ng?ng, khng mt mXi
t, misconcBption nnop qu2n nim s2i lHm
v, gBrmnnop $i trWng, mHm bnh
w, crudB n2ddop th thi'n, th bo
x, 2mput2tion nnop th7 thut ct c*t
y, chloroPorm nnop cloroPorm m/t loi h02 ch5t g.y mL
z, P2ctor nnop nh.n tG
(ater is imortant for all living things: $o you agree or disagree+ 4ive your
reasons:
aithout C2tBr no li$ing thing on thB B2rth could sur$i$B, aB nBBd C2tBr To
quBnch our thirst, C2tBr our l2nds to groC crops or to kBBp thB 2nim2ls 2nd
PoCls in our homBs 2li$B, Q$Bn thB pl2nts 2nd insBcts in 2ll p2rts in thB Corld
nBBd C2tBr to li$B,
aB 2lso nBBd C2tBr to producB BlBctricity 2nd to c2rry our goods or tr2dB,
QlBctricity is $Bry import2nt Por our comPorts tod2y, ;lmost B$Brything th2t
CB usB in our homBs tod2y dBpBnds on thB usB oP BlBctricity, |n thB s2mB
C2y, C2tBr 2lso hBlps to tr2nsport m2ny or thB goods th2t CB nBBd Por our
homBs, Rhips, r2Pts 2nd bo2ts c2rry m2ny things Prom dist2nt l2nds 2nd hBlp
to B]ch2ngB goods bBtCBBn onB country 2nd 2nothBr, Tr2nsport by C2tBr is
B2siBr 2nd chB2pBr th2n by 2ir or l2nd,
hut C2tBr h2s 2lso c2usBd much sorroC 2nd h2rdship in 2ll p2rts oP thB
Corld Ploods 2nd hB2$y r2ins h2$B dBstroyBd crops, li$Bs 2nd propBrty
through thB cBnturiBs 2nd c2usBd much sorroC B$BryChBrB,
Bt, C2tBr is so import2nt th2t 2ll li$ing things, including thB tiniBst oP
crB2turBs, Cill continuB to strugglB to gBt it ChBnB$Br or ChBrB$Br thBy c2n,
-.( (/0$%1
m, quBnch n$op lm h%t kht
r, PoCl nnop chim, g
"he value of education
hriBPly, Bduc2tion mB2ns thB 2cquisition oP knoClBdgB 2nd 2bilitiBs, 2nd thB
dB$BlopmBnt oP onBSs ch2r2ctBr 2nd mBnt2l poCBrs by systBm2tic tr2ining
2nd instruction, Qduc2tion is thBrBPorB oP grB2t $2luB to 2ny pBrson,
|t h2s bBBn rB2licBd th2t 2 pBrson Cithout Bduc2tion is dBpri$Bd oP m2ny
bBnBPits, MB not only l2cks thB knoClBdgB oP hum2n 2PP2irs but 2lso thB
2bility to 2pprBci2tB thB $2luB oP m2ny oP thB things th2t concBrn his oCn
CBlP2rB, Thus, hB is not 2blB to contributB his Pull sh2rB to thB progrBss oP
sociBty 2nd thB Corld, ABithBr is hB 2blB to dB$Blop his pBrson2lity to thB
PullBst B]tBnt,
`nB oP thB grB2tBst bBnBPits oP Bduc2tion is th2t it hBlps 2 pBrson to
undBrst2nd thB position th2t hB occupiBs in sociBty, |t hBlps him to spB2k 2nd
conduct himsBlP Cith conPidBncB 2nd dignity Chich B2rn him thB rBspBct 2nd
2dmir2tion oP othBrs, Thus, hB occupiBs 2n import2nt position in sociBty, 2nd
pBoplB look up to him 2s thBir lB2dBr,
;nothBr bBnBPit oP Bduc2tion tod2y is th2t it hBlps onB to sBcurB lucr2ti$B
BmploymBnt, |n thB Corld oP tod2y, 2lmost B$Bry kind oP BmploymBnt
rBquirBs somB undBrst2nding oP 2 PBC b2sic principlBs oP sciBncB,
m2thBm2tics, Bconomics, BnginBBring, 2ccount2ncy or somB othBr subdBcts
on thB p2rt oP thB CorkBr, Thus, thB bBttBr Bduc2tion 2 pBrson h2s bBttBr
prospBcts hB h2s oP sBcuring 2ttr2cti$B positions in thB $2rious proPBssions,
@in2lly, Bduc2tion m2kBs 2 pBrson symp2thBtic 2nd considBr2tB toC2rds
othBrs, MB is hBlpPul to thosB Cho nBBd his 2d$icB 2nd guid2ncB, 2nd is not
critic2l oP thosB Cho commit oPPBncBs or mist2kBs out oP ignor2ncB or
nBcBssity, @urthBr, hB doBs not likB to hurt thB PBBlings oP othBrs, Q$Bn iP hB
is B]trBmBly pro$okBd, hB triBs to B]prBss his displB2surB or 2ngBr in Cords
Chich gi$B thB slightBst oPPBncB to othBrs 2nd yBt B]prBss his outr2gBd
PBBlings 2dBqu2tBly,
;s 2 rBsult oP 2ll thBsB qu2litiBs th2t 2 pBrson 2cquirBs through Bduc2tion, hB
bBcomBs 2 $Bry plB2s2nt pBrson to 2ssoci2tB Cith, MB thus li$Bs 2 PullBr liPB
in soci2lly,
-.( (/0$%1
m, briBPlyn2d$op m/t cch $n tt, ngn gn
r, 2cquisition nnop sD ginh &!=c, sD thu &!=c
s, dBpri$B n$op l5y &i, t!Nc &i
t , dignity n n op phm gi, nh.n cch, l1ng tD trng
v, lucr2ti$B n2diop c0 l=i, sinh l=i
v, 2ccount2ncy nnop ngh6 k% ton
x, prospBcts nn, plu,op kh# n(ng thnh cng, tri'n $ng
y, oPPBncB nnop sD phm t/i
z, ignor2ncBnnop ngu dGt
m{, pro$okB n$op khiLu kh>ch, chc t3c
mm, 2dBqu2tBly n2d$op t!Fng ]3ng, th>ch &ng, tho# &ng
mr, 2ssoci2tB n$op k%t gi2o, gi2o thip
An interesting story ! have heard
;n intBrBsting story th2t | h2$B hB2rd is 2bout 2 dBsBrtBd housB in 2 rBmotB
$ill2gB somBChBrB in |ndi2,
ThB housB h2d not bBBn occupiBd Por sB$Br2l yB2rs 2PtBr thB dB2th oP its
oCnBr, @or somB rB2son no onB likBd or c2rBd Por thB oCnBr, ThBrBPorB,
ChBn hB diBd, hB C2s not buriBd, Mis dB2d body rBm2inBd in his bBd until it
C2s rBducBd to its skBlBton,
`nB B$Bning 2 tr2$BllBr C2s p2ssing by this housB ChBn it suddBnly bBg2n to
r2in hB2$ily, Oooking Por shBltBr , hB r2n into this housB, ChBrB, to his
surprisB 2nd tBrror, hB s2C 2 hum2n skBlBton, hut thB r2in h2d not stoppBd
2nd it C2s r2pidly groCing d2rk, MB h2s thBrBPorB no choicB but to sit thBrB,
in thB hopB th2t somBbody likB him might comB in to kBBp him comp2ny,
hut no onB c2mB, |t C2s noC too d2rk to sBB 2nything outsidB, MB thBrBPorB
dBcidBd to spBnd thB night in th2t d2rk 2nd lonBly housB, ThB r2in continuBd
to P2ll un2b2tBd, ThB Cind C2s strong 2nd thBrB C2s much lightning, ThB
tr2$BllBr l2y on thB Ploor but hB could not slBBp Cith thB skBlBton insidB thB
housB, ;PtBr sB$Br2l hours, thBrB C2s 2 suddBn $Bry cold cr2Cling o$Br his
body, hB C2s noC too PrightBnBd to mo$B, ;PtBr 2 ChilB, hB hB2rd 2nothBr
str2ngB cry, ust 2t th2t momBnt, 2 lightning Pl2shBd 2cross thB sky ChBn hB
s2C 2 l2rgB 2nim2l dump out oP thB housB through 2 CindoC Chich h2d bBBn
opBn, MB noC bBg2n to pr2y Por his s2PBty,
ahilB hB C2s in this position, somB robbBrs h2ppBnBd to t2kB shBltBr in thB
$Br2nd2h oP thB housB, ThBy bBg2n to t2lk 2nd l2ugh loudly, MB2ring thB
$oicBs, thB tr2$BllBr bBg2n to 2sk somB quBstions Prom insidB to m2kB surB
th2t thBrB CBrB somB pBoplB outsidB, hut thB robbBrs CBrB noC PrightBnBd,
ThBy thought th2t it C2s thB $oicB oP ghost, ThBy r2n 2C2y 2s P2st 2s thBy
could, ChBn morning c2mB, ThB tr2$BllBr rushBd out oP thB housB 2nd nB$Br
rBturnBd to th2t p2rt oP thB country,
-.( (/0$%1
m, skBlBton nnop b/ ]!Fng
r, shBltBr nnop chk n!Fng tD2, chk n nu
s, kBBp s,b comp2ny p c0 2i bLn cnh lm bHu bn
t, un2b2tBd n2ddop khng gi#m sEt, khng y%u &i
v, cr2Cl nnop lm sVn g2i Gc
w, robbBr nnop k} c!Npu k} tr/m
x, $Br2nd2h nnop hiLn, hK, hnh l2ng
6y most favorite su#'ect
Uy most P2$ouritB subdBct is Qnglish Chich is tod2y onB oP thB most
import2nt l2ngu2gBs in thB Corld, |t is spokBn 2nd undBrstood in 2ll p2rts oP
thB B2rth,
Qnglish h2s bBcomB 2n intBrn2tion2l l2ngu2gB Por 2 $2riBty oP rB2sons, `nB
oP thB most import2nt oP thBm is th2t thB Qnglish pBoplB h2$B bBBn CBllT
knoCn Por thBir knoClBdgB oP sciBncB mBdicinB, BnginBBring, go$BrnmBnt
2nd 2ll othBr m2ttBrs th2t 2rB usBPul Por thB progrBss oP thB hum2n r2cB, |t is
bBc2usB oP thB sciBntists oP Qngl2nd th2t thB motorT BnginB h2s bBcomB thB
most import2nt m2chinB in thB Corld tod2y,
|n thB s2mB C2y, Qnglish schol2r h2$B studiBd thB p2st 2nd disco$BrBd m2ny
things oP grB2t $2luB to thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld, RomB oP thB things Chich
CBrB usBPul to mBn in thB B2rly d2ys CBrB l2tBr PorgottBn by othBrs, Ruch
things 2rB noC 2g2in bBing usBd, oCing to thB Cork oP Qnglish schol2rs,
ThB ins2ti2blB thirst Por knoClBdgB oP thB Qnglish schol2rs h2s contributBd
to thB progrBss oP m2n in 2lmost 2ll PiBlds oP his 2cti$ity, Thous2nds oP
books h2$B bBBn CrittBn by such schol2rs on 2lmost B$Bry subdBct th2t onB
c2n think oP, Thus, pBoplB ChosB n2ti$B tonguB is not Qnglish h2$B lB2rnt
Qnglish Cith grB2t intBrBst 2s 2 mB2ns oP 2cquiring knoClBdgB oP 2ll hum2n
2PP2irs,
;s 2 rBsult or this intBrBst Qnglish is usBd 2lmost B$BryChBrB in thB Corld, |t
is usBd in 2ll thB import2nt mBBtings 2nd conPBrBncBs 2nd dBb2tBs such 2s in
nitBd A2tion, |t is 2lso usBd in 2ll thB lB2ding uni$BrsitiBs in thB Corld 2nd
in intBrn2tion2l tr2dB 2nd commBrcB, ;s it is usBd so CidBly, Qnglish h2s
indBBd bBcomB 2 $Bry rich l2ngu2gB, bBoplB oP 2ll thB countriBs oP thB Corld
h2$B contributBd nBC idB2s 2nd thoughts to this l2ngu2gB,
Thus, morB 2nd morB nBC Cords 2rB bBing coinBd to m2kB this l2ngu2gB
morB 2nd morB usBPul tor thB communic2tion oP idB2s 2nd inPorm2tion
2mong thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld, |t is Por 2ll thBsB rB2sons th2t | likB to study
thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, schol2r nnop hc gi#
r, ins2ti2blB thirst p sD kht kh2o khng th' thX2 men
s, n2ti$B tonguB nnop ti%ng m\ &}
t, dBb2tB nnop cu/c tr2nh lun, cu/c th#o lun, cu/c tr2nh cei
v, commBrcB nnop th!Fng mi, th!Fng nghip
$escri#e an unleasant dream you have had
Q$BryonB drB2ms, RomB drB2ms 2rB plB2s2nt 2nd somB 2rB not, `nB oP thB
most unplB2s2nt drB2ms th2t | h2$B h2d concBrns 2 Cild crB2turB Chich usBd
to $isit 2 $ill2gB B$Bry night in sB2rch oP blood 2nd PlBsh,
|t is diPPicult Por mB to gi$B 2 propBr dBscription oP thB crB2turB, |t C2s t2ll,
bl2ck 2nd h2iry, |ts lBgs 2nd h2nds rBsBmblBd thosB oP 2 m2n, but its P2cB
C2s likB th2t oP 2 lBop2rd, |t C2lkBd likB 2 m2n but it could 2lso run likB 2n
2nim2l ChBn it CishBd, |ts homB C2s not on l2nd but in thB sB2, MoCB$Br, its
thirst Por blood C2s ins2ti2blB, Q$Bry night ChBn 2ll thB pBoplB in thB $ill2gB
th2t it usBd to $isit CBnt to bBd, it Could comB out oP thB sB2 2nd quiBtly go
into thB $ill2gB, |t Could look Por 2 m2n Cho might bB outsidB, Ruch C2s its
luck th2t it Pound 2t lB2st onB m2n B$Bry night, |ts mBthod oP 2tt2ck C2s
simplB, ;s soon 2s it s2C 2 m2n, it Could put its poCBrPul h2nds round his
nBck 2nd str2nglB him, ;t thB s2mB timB it Could sink its tBBth into thB PlBsh
2nd drink his blood, This unPortun2tB m2n Could h2$B no timB to shout, Por
dB2th c2mB sCiPtly,
|n this C2y, thB crB2turB h2d killBd 2 lot oP pBoplB, but no onB could B]pl2in
thBir dis2ppB2r2ncB, ;s thB Poot prints oP thB crB2turB CBrB simil2r to thosB
oP 2 t2ll 2nd big m2n, no onB could distinguish bBtCBBn thB Poot prints oP thB
crB2turB 2nd thosB oP 2 m2n, ThBn, onB night, | h2ppBnBd to bB in thB $ill2gB,
ThB crB2turB, hoCB$Br, did not sBB mB ChBn it c2mB, | C2s 2t Pirst
PrightBnBd, but ChBn | s2C it h2d c2ught 2nd killBd 2 m2n, m PBlt br2$B, |
knBC th2t it Could noC not bothBr to kill mB, | thBrBPorB dBcidBd to PolloC
thB crB2turB,
Aot suspBcting th2t it C2s bBing PolloCBd, thB crB2turB stoppBd 2t 2 pl2cB
2nd bBg2n to B2t thB m2n, ahBn it C2s s2tisPiBd, it pickBd up thB rBm2ins oP
thB m2n 2nd sloCly C2lkBd b2ck into thB sB2 Chich C2s only 2 short
dist2ncB Prom thB $ill2gB, ;ll thB ChilB | mo$Bd $Bry c2utiously, ThBn, | r2n
b2ck to thB $ill2gB 2nd told thB pBoplB Ch2t h2d h2ppBnBd, `n thB nB]t d2y,
thB $ill2gBrs C2itBd nB2r thB sB2 Cith 2ll thB CB2pons th2t thBy h2d, ThB
crB2turB c2mB out Por its usu2l mB2ls, but this C2s 2n unPortun2tB d2y Por thB
crB2turB, ;s soon 2s it C2s on thB l2nd, thB $ill2gBrs surroundBd it 2nd killBd
it, |ts criBs oP p2in 2nd 2ngBr bBPorB it diBd CBrB such th2t | suddBnly CokB
up to Pind th2t | C2s only drB2ming, | PBlt grB2tly rBliB$Bd,
-.( (/0$%1
m, concBrn n$op liLn qu2n &%n, d>nh l>u tNi
r, dBscription nnop sD di4n t#, sD miLu t#
s, rBsBmblB n$op giGng $Ni, t!Fng tD
t, lBop2rd nnop con bo
v, str2nglB n$op b0p ngh\t
v, sCiPtly n2d$op nh2nhu nh2nh ch0ng, ng2y lp t3c
x, distinguish n$op ph.n bit
y, bothBr n$op y ny, b(n kho(n, lo ngi
z, c2utiously n2d$op cn thn, thn trng
m{, surround n$op $.y qu2nh, b2o qu2nh
$escri#e your last holiday
_uring my l2st school holid2ys, | spBnt 2 PBC d2ys 2t my cousinSs housB 2t
Uorib, 2 CBllTknoCn sB2 rBsort, | sh2ll nB$Br PorgBt th2t $isit,
`n thB d2y | 2rri$Bd 2t Uorib, my cousin told mB th2t hB Could do to m2kB
my st2y thBrB 2 $Bry intBrBsting onB, MB s2id th2t hB Could Pirst m2kB 2 r2Pt
to usB it in thB sB2, ThBn hB Could buy Pishing nBt to c2tch somB Pish in thB
sh2lloC C2tBrs nB2r thB co2st, ahBn | hB2rd 2ll this, | C2s $Bry dBlightBd
bBc2usB it C2s Por thBsB rB2sons th2t | h2d dBcidBd to $isit my cousin, aB
thBn C2lkBd up to thB bB2ch Chich is nB2r his housB,
ahilB CB CBrB thBrB, somBtimB in thB B$Bning, thB sB2 lookBd B]trBmBly
bB2utiPul, | s2C thB isl2nds 2nd hills in thB dist2ncB, thB birds in thB 2ir, 2nd 2
PBC boys 2nd girls pl2ying on thB bB2ch, | 2lso s2C somB PishBrmBn coming
out oP thB C2tBr Cith thBir c2tch, ;ll this C2s indBBd $Bry intBrBsting to look
2t,
`n thB nB]t d2y, my cousin 2nd | collBctBd somB trBB trunks Prom thB PorBst
nB2rby, ;s my cousinSs housB is closB to thB sB2, CB dBcidBd to m2kB thB r2Pt
on thB bB2ch itsBlP, |t took us 2lmost thB CholB morning to m2kB thB r2Pt, aB
thBn h2d our lunch 2nd CBnt to h2nting, thB nB2rBst toCn, to buy Pishing nBt,
;PtBr th2t CB rBturnBd to my cousinSs housB,
|n thB B$Bning CB put thB r2n on thB sB2, ThB C2tBr C2s still high, but thB
r2Pt Plo2tBd quitB CBll, Uy cousin 2nd | s2t on it 2nd bBg2n to roC it by using
thB o2rs th2t CB h2d m2dB oursBl$Bs, aB PBlt $Bry h2ppy indBBd 2nd
continuBd to roC it, aB rBm2inBd on it Por 2 long timB, but 2s it C2s 2lrB2dy
gBtting d2rk CB did not go P2r, aB rBturnBd to thB shorB 2nd tiBd thB r2Pt to 2
trBB,
`n thB nB]t d2y, CB CBnt out to c2tch somB cr2bs 2nd Pish, aB usBd thB nBt
th2t CB h2d bought 2nd c2ught 2 lot oP Pish, ThBn, CB h2d our lunch 2nd
CBnt out 2g2in on thB r2n, CB continuBd to roC it 2s P2r 2s CB could, |t C2s
rB2lly 2 plB2surB to bB 2C2y Prom thB shorB, ThB sB2 C2s c2lm 2nd CB could
roC Cith B2sB, Uy cousin told mB m2ny intBrBsting things 2bout Uorib, aB
thBn rBturnBd to thB shorB,
|n this C2y, | spBnt my holid2ys h2ppily 2t Uorib, 2 pl2cB | sh2ll nB$Br
PorgBt,
-.( (/0$%1
m, sB2 rBsort nnop nFi ngh mt V b" bi'n
r, r2Pt nnop ci bK, ci m#ng
s, dBlightBd n2ddop ho h3ng, hi l1ng
t, B]trBmBly n2d$op t/t cWng, cDc &/, cDc k
v, trunk nnop th.n cy
x, roC n$op chKo thuy6n
y, o2r nnop mi chKo
z, rBm2in n$op V li
m{, to gBt d2rk p ntr"io tGi dHn
mm, tiB n$op bu/c, c/t, tr0>
mr, cr2b nnop con cu2
ms, B2sB nnop sD d4 dng
;ournalism as a career
;lmost B$BryonB Cho c2n rB2d 2nd CritB somBtimBs PBBls thB urgB to CritB
on somB P2$ouritB topic, hut somB pBoplB lo$B Criting so much th2t thBy
spBnd much oP thBir timB in Criting somBthing on $2rious subdBcts Por thB
shBBr plB2surB oP Criting, Ruch pBoplB usu2lly bBcomB skillPul CritBrsu 2nd iP
thB 2bility to CritB Cith B2sB 2nd P2cility C2s Bnough to 2chiB$B succBss in
thB PiBld oP dourn2lism, m2ny pBoplB Could m2kB dourn2lism thBir c2rBBr,
|n countriBs likB Qngl2nd 2nd 2p2n, ChBrB thBrB 2rB hundrBds oP
nBCsp2pBrs 2nd dourn2ls, dourn2lism is 2n 2ttr2cti$B proPBssion, |t is 2 $Bry
good sourcB or incomB to m2ny, hut in U2l2ysi2 thBrB 2rB so PBC
nBCsp2pBrs 2nd dourn2ls th2t dourn2lism oPPBrs 2lmost no prospBct oP
succBss, Q$Bn in Qngl2nd 2nd 2p2n, hoCB$Br, m2ny pBoplB h2$B P2ilBd to
2chiB$B 2ny succBss in this PiBld, To bB succBssPul in dourn2lism, onB must
h2$B m2ny othBr qu2litiBs, bBsidBs thB 2bility to CritB BPPBcti$Bly, `nB oP thB
most import2nt qu2litiBs is thB 2bility to dudgB Ch2t thB 2$Br2gB rB2dBr likBs
or dislikBs, |P onB CritBs Por 2 politic2l dourn2l, onB should h2$B 2 P2ir
knoClBdgB oP Ch2t thB rB2dBrs oP th2t dourn2l B]pBct Prom it, |P onB CritBs
Por 2 ComBnSs dourn2l, onB should knoC 2lmost instincti$Bly Ch2t its rB2dBrs
prBPBr, ;ccordingly, thB dourn2list should g2thBr inPorm2tion Prom 2ll
possiblB sourcBs Por his 2rticlBs 2nd storiBs Por public2tion, MB m2y B$Bn
h2$B to distort or omit cBrt2in P2cts 2nd inPorm2tion, Chich in his dudgBmBnt
m2y 2ppB2r unplB2s2nt to his rB2dBrs, @urthBr, iP cBrt2in unplB2s2nt P2cts
h2$B to bB rB$B2lBd to his rB2dBrs, hB h2s to Bmploy Cords Cith such skill
th2t his rB2dBrs Cill t2kB 2lmost no oPPBncB, ;ll thBsB rBquirB grB2t
intBllBctu2l qu2litiBs,
hBsidBs, to collBct inPorm2tion, thB dourn2list h2s to tr2$Bl B]tBnsi$Bly 2nd
mBBt m2ny pBoplB, P2r 2nd nB2r, ;s too much tr2$Blling in$ol$B grB2t
physic2l 2cti$ity, thB dourn2list h2s to p2y suPPiciBnt 2ttBntion to his hB2lth to
kBBp himsBlP strong, MB h2s 2lso to culti$2tB plB2sing h2bits to mBBt 2ll sorts
oP pBoplB, MB must 2lso hB prBp2rBd to Cork undBr $Bry unplB2s2nt
circumst2ncBs, @or B]2mplB, iP hB is Corking Por 2 popul2r nBCsp2pBr, hB
m2y h2$B to bB 2t thB scBnB or 2 b2ttlB 2nd risk his liPB to sBnd his rBport to
his nBCsp2pBr oPPicB, ;ll this in$ol$Bs grB2t pBrson2l s2criPicB,
@in2lly, 2 good dourn2list should h2$B 2 good gr2sp oP thB constitution2l
rights oP thB citicBns oP his country 2nd thB policiBs oP his go$BrnmBnt, MB
should 2lso knoC thB l2Cs oP libBl 2nd sl2ndBr, |gnor2ncB oP 2ny or thBsB
m2y lB2d him to m2kB unP2ir criticisms 2nd disclosurBs Chich m2y c2usB
sBrious troublBs in thB country, Thus, succBss in dourn2lism is not B2sy to
2tt2in, 2nd only 2 PBC pBoplB m2kB it thBir c2rBBr,
-.( (/0$%1
m, P2cility nnop kh# n(ng hc ho(c lm $ic m/t cch d4 dng
r, 2chiB$B n$op &t &!=c, ginh &!=c
s, dourn2lism nnop ngh6 lm bo, $i%t bo
t , dudgB n $ op ]qt &on, phn &on, &nh gi
v, instincti$Bly n2d$op thBo b#n n(ng, do b#n n(ng
w, distort nnop b0p mqo, ]uyLn tc
x, suPPiciBnt n2ddop &Hy &7
y, circumst2ncB nno p hon c#nh, tr!"ng h=p
z, constitution2l n2ddo p thu/c hi%n php, thBo hi%n php
m{, libBl nno p l"i ph bng, t/i ph bng
mm, sl2ndBr nnop sD $u khGng, sD $u co
mr, disclosurB nno p sD $ch trHn, sD phFi by
Beauty in nature
hB2uty is h2rd to dBPinB but B2sy to rBcognisB, |n n2turB bB2uty m2y bB
discBrnBd in 2ll things 2nd pl2cBs, B$Bn in thB most unB]pBctBd rBgions oP
thB B2rth, ThBrB is bB2uty in thB inPinitB $2riBty oP PloCBrs, birds, 2nim2ls
2nd pl2nts, m2ny oP Chich 2rB $i$idly colourPul,
ThBrB is bB2uty in mount2ins, $2llBys 2nd hills, 2nd in thB skiBs, Thus,
bB2uty c2n bB Pound in 2ll thB crB2tions oP ^od, ThBn huntBr Cho sc2ns thB
PorBsts Por his qu2rry is oPtBn P2scin2tBd by thB bB2uty th2t hB Pinds in
obdBcts, Chich concB2l bB2utiPul PloCBrs Prom hum2n sight, suddBnly rB$B2l
thBir sBcrBts to him ChBn hB stumblBs o$Br thBm, ThB PishBrm2n Cho turns
to thB sB2 Por his li$Blihood is P2scin2tBd by thB bB2uty oP thB multitudinous
crB2turBs th2t sC2rm in thB sB2s, U2ny oP thBsB crB2turBs 2rB Pound B$Bn on
thB shorB, hut thB ocB2ns oPtBn concB2l thB bB2uty th2t liBs bBloC thBir
surP2cB, 2nd to c2tch 2 glimpsB oP thB bB2uty oP thB Corld bBloC thB sB2,
hundrBds oP di$Brs B$BryChBrB B]plorB thB bottoms oP thB ocB2ns, B$Bn 2t
thB risk oP losing thBir li$Bs in thB unknoCn rBgions oP thB Corld bBloC,
Q$Bn thB P2rmBr 2nd thB tr2$BllBr 2pprBci2tB thB bB2uty th2t is Pound in
n2turB, ThB P2rmBr Pinds bB2uty in thB $2riBty oP thB pl2nts th2t hB groCs,
ThB tr2$BllBr is imprBssBd Cith thB bB2uty oP dist2nt hills 2nd mount2ins,
2nd thB bB2uty oP mB2dBring ri$Brs in l2rgB $2llBys, MB is 2lso 2pprBci2ti$B
oP thB bB2uty oP thB night, ;s hB tr2$Bl in thB moonTlight, hB looks 2t thB
l2ndsc2pB 2nd is lost in 2dmir2tion oP it,
ThB bB2uty in n2turB is 2lso 2pprBci2tBd by othBrs, ;lmost B$Bry onB
dBlights to sBB thB rushing strB2ms 2nd thB numBrous birds 2nd 2nim2ls th2t
m2y bB Pound in B$Bry p2rt oP thB B2rth, Por thBsB 2rB p2rt oP thB orn2mBnts
oP n2turB, Q$Bn thB tiniBst oP crB2turBs h2s 2 bB2uty oP its oCn, |n sB2rch oP
this bB2uty in n2turB, mBn in 2ll p2rts oP thB Corld 2rB tr2$Blling grB2t
dist2ncBs 2nd spBnding 2 grB2t dB2l oP monBy, B$Bn in somB c2sBs, B$Bn thBir
liPB s2$ings, |t is this 2pprBci2tion oP n2tur2l bB2uty th2t impBls mBn to $isit
dist2nt l2nds Chich h2$B 2 bB2uty oP thBir oCn, UBn h2$B 2lso $isitBd thB
isl2nds th2t 2rB sprB2d throughout thB Corld in sB2rch oP thB n2tur2l bB2uty,
U2ny h2$B sBBn $isitBd thB cold dBsBrts in thB ;rtics 2s CBll 2s thB hot
dBsBrts ChBrB PBC pl2nts groC, in sB2rch oP thB bB2uty th2t m2y bB Pound in
thBsB rBgions, dBspitB thB l2ck oP $BgBt2tion 2nd 2nim2ls liPB, ThB dBsBrts 2rB
indBBd thB homB oP m2ny bB2utiPul pl2nts 2nd 2nim2ls Chich Pind suPPiciBnt
rBPugB in thBsB p2ns, 2nd m2ny oP thB birds too, hBrB 2rB rBm2rk2blB Por thBir
bB2uty,
hut thB pBrson Cho is most 2pprBci2ti$B oP n2tur2l bB2uty is thB poBt Cho
Pinds music 2nd bB2uty B$Bn in thB mo$BmBnt oP thB clouds 2nd Cinds, Mis
dBBp 2pprBci2tion oP thB bB2uty th2t hB Pinds 2round him impBls him to gi$B
uttBr2ncB to it in thB most B]prBssi$B l2ngu2gB, Chich is itsBlP oPtBn oP
impBrish2blB bB2uty,
-.( (/0$%1
m, discBrn n$op nhn th3c, th5y r
r, ^od nnop chE2 tr"i, th!=ng &%
s, sc2n n$op ]Bm t m, ki'm tr2 cn thn
t, qu2rry nnop con m<i
v, concB2l n$op gi5u gi%m, chB &y
w, rB$B2l n$op b/c l/, bi'u l/, ti%t l/
x, stumblB n$op $5p, tr!=t ch.n
y, multitudinous n2ddop r5t nhi6u, $ sG k'
z, glimpsB nnop ci nhn thong qu2
m{, mB2ndBr n$op ngon ngoKo, qu2nh co, khEc khuu
mm, orn2mBnt nnop &< tr2ng hong, &< tr2ng tr>
mr, impBl n$op thEc qp, bt bu/c
ms, rBPugB nnop nFi trGn trnh, nFi n nu, nFi trE 5n
mt, rBm2rk2blB n2ddop &ng chE J, &ng &' J
mv, uttBr2ncB nnop sD pht bi'u, sD by tX
mw, impBrish2blB n2ddop b5t h7, b5t t), b5t dit
$o you agree that the study of 6athematics is essential to the rogress of the
human race+
Though thB study oP U2thBm2tics h2d occupiBd thB 2ttBntion oP Qgypti2n
2nd ^rBBk schol2rs cBnturiBs 2go, yBt it C2s only 2PtBr thB 2d$Bnt oP thB
|ndustri2l B$olution th2t thB import2ncB oP thB subdBct C2s Pully rB2lisBd by
schol2rs 2nd Bduc2tionists B$BryChBrB, Tod2y, U2thBm2tics is onB oP thB
most import2nt subdBcts in 2ll thB schools 2nd uni$BrsitiBs oP thB Corld,
hBPorB thB |ndustri2l B$olution, mBn li$Bd $Bry simplB li$Bs, ;griculturB,
hunting 2nd Pishing CBrB thBn thBir m2in sourcBs oP li$Blihood, |t did not
occur to thBm th2t thBir li$Bs could bB m2dB morB comPort2blB iP thBy only
B]BrcisBd thBir mBnt2l P2cultiBs 2 littlB morB 2nd org2nisBd 2 systBm oP
knoClBdgB, Chich CB noC c2ll thB RciBncB, 2nd 2ppliBd it to pr2ctic2l
purposBs, Thus, thBy turnBd to n2turB Por sustBn2ncB, 2nd CBrB s2tisPiBd Cith
Ch2t thBy could 2cquirB Prom n2turB Cith thBir skills, This simplB modB oP
B]istBncB C2s, hoCB$Br, disturbBd by thB in$Bntions oP 2 PBC mBn, somBtimB
in thB BightBBnth cBntury, Chich c2usBd pBoplB B$BryChBrB to think oP nBC
C2ys oP impro$ing thBir conditions oP li$ing, ThB in$Bntions rB$B2lBd nBC
sourcBs oP comPort, 2nd poCBr Por thB production oP goods, Thus, thB
|ndustri2l B$olution bBg2n, UorB 2nd morB m2chinBs CBrB in$BntBd Por thB
r2pid production oP goods, 2nd thB study oP U2thBm2tics bBg2n to rBcBi$B
grB2t Bncour2gBmBnt, Por it C2s rB2lisBd th2t m2chinBs Punction on
m2thBm2tic2l principlBs,
ThB intBnsi$B study oP U2thBm2tics rB$B2lBd its potBnti2litiBs, |t C2s soon
2ppliBd not only to in$Bnt nBC m2chinBry but 2lso to B]pl2in 2bstrusB
subdBcts such 2s bhysics, Oogic 2nd m2ny othBrs, |n P2ct, U2thBm2tics is
noC usBd to tB2ch 2nd B]pl2in 2lmost B$Bry import2nt subdBct in schools 2nd
uni$BrsitiBs, Q$Bn thB construction oP buildings 2nd bridgBs rBquirBs 2 dBBp
knoClBdgB oP U2thBm2tics,
ThB study oP U2thBm2tics h2s 2lso hBlpBd to incrB2sB thB mBnt2l poCBrs oP
mBn, ThBy 2rB not only 2blB to think morB clB2rly th2n thBy could bBPorB but
2rB 2lso 2blB to undBrst2nd 2nd B]pl2in m2ny oP thB things Chich thBy could
not undBrst2nd B2rliBr,
RomBtimBs, hoCB$Br, U2thBm2tic2l principlBs h2$B bBBn 2ppliBd Por tr2gic
consBquBncBs, |n b2ttlBs 2nd C2rs, bombs 2nd c2nnonTb2lls h2$B bBBn
rBlB2sBd Cith rBm2rk2blB 2ccur2cy to dBstroy thB BnBmy, This P2ct rB$B2ls
hoC knoClBdgB oP U2thBm2tics could bB usBd to hindBr hum2n progrBss,
hut such 2 situ2tion dB$Blops only ChBn mBn h2$B lost thBir p2tiBncB 2nd
thBir c2p2city Por compromisB 2nd Portun2tBly thB lB2dBrs oP thB Corld tod2y
2rB trying thBir utmost to rBmo$B thB c2usBs Por C2r,
|n gBnBr2l, hoCB$Br, mBn h2$B 2 n2tur2l impulsB to li$B in pB2cB 2nd
h2rmony Cith othBrs, 2nd 2lmost B$Bry in$Bntion is 2imBd 2t promoting thB
CBlP2rB oP thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld, Thus, thB hum2n r2cB h2s bBnBPitBd
Prom thB BPPorts oP thosB Cho h2$B m2dB thB PullBst usB oP U2thBm2tic2l
principlBs Por 2ll thBir in$Bntions, | thBrBPorB 2grBB th2t thB study oP
U2thBm2tics is BssBnti2l to thB progrBss oP thB hum2n r2cB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, thB mBnt2l P2cultiBsp n(ng lDc, tr> tu
r, sustBn2ncB nnop ch5t bG, sD bZ d!Yng
s, Bncour2gBmBnt nnop ni6m kh>ch l, ni6m cZ $, ni6m &/ng $iLn
t, intBnsi$B n2ddop chuyLn s.u, c2o &/, mnh mi, s.u sc, tp trung
v, potBnti2lity nnop ti6m n(ng, ti6m lDc
w, 2bstrusB n2ddop kh0 hi'u, th.m thuJ, s.u sc
x, consBquBncB nnop hu qu#, k%t qu#
y, c2nnonTb2ll nnop &n tri ph
z, impulsB nnop sD thEc &y, sD thi thEc
m{, CBlP2rB nnop hnh phEc, sD thInh $!=ng
(hat contri#utions can )riters ma*e to the romtion of good)ill among the
eole of a country+
RincB rBmotB 2ntiquity CritBrs in B$Bry country h2$B B]BrtBd 2 proPound
inPluBncB on thB minds oP thB pBoplB, ThB Critings or politic2l philosophBrs,
likB oussB2u 2nd olt2irB, h2$B B$Bn c2usBd rB$olutions 2nd di$BrtBd thB
coursB oP history, Ruch is thB poCBr oP CritBrs Cho B]prBss thBir idB2s 2nd
$iBCs Cith lucidity 2nd cogBncy,
Uost CritBrs Cho dCBll upon thB 2PP2irs oP thBir countriBs 2rB dBBply
conscious oP thBir rBsponsibility toC2rds thBir countriBs 2nd comp2triots,
This consciousnBss not only impBls thBm to 2$oid issuBs Chich tBnd to
di$idB thB pBoplB but 2lso to B]prBss thBir $iBCs on dBlic2tB issuBs in thB
most tBmpBr2tB l2ngu2gB, ThBir m2in 2im is to promotB goodCill 2mong thB
pBoplB oP thB country, 2nd this thBy try to 2chiB$B in $2rious C2ys,
|n 2 country domin2tBd by pBoplB oP thB s2mB r2cB 2nd l2ngu2gB, CritBrs c2n
promotB goodCill 2mong its pBoplB by cl2riPying politic2l 2nd Bconomic
issuBs Chich thB pBoplB undBrst2nd only $2guBly, |P thB pBoplB 2rB di$idBd
by idBologic2l diPPBrBncBs or by diPPBrBncBs oP Bconomic st2tus, CritBrs c2n
B]BrcisB thBir inPluBncB to rBmo$B thB rBsBntmBnt 2nd prBdudicBs 2mong thB
pBoplB, Q$Bn thosB Cho CritB on soci2l problBms c2n Bmph2sisB thB issuBs
th2t tBnd to unitB thB pBoplB, ThBy c2n 2lso suggBst C2ys 2nd mB2ns oP
rBmo$ing thB c2usBs oP rBsBntmBnt 2nd Prustr2tion th2t B]ist 2mong thB
pBoplB, ;s thB CrittBn Cord is morB BPPBcti$B th2n thB spokBn Cord, pBoplB
tBnd to 2ccBpt thB $iBCs oP CritBrs morB rB2dily th2n thosB B]prBssBd
$Brb2lly by $2rious pBoplB,
hut it is in countriBs in Chich pBoplB oP $2rious r2cBs rBsidB th2t CritBrs c2n
m2kB thB grB2tBst contribution to thB promotion oP goodCill 2mong thB
pBoplB, |n 2 country likB U2l2y2, Por B]2mplB, CritBrs c2n concBntr2tB on
thB issuBs th2t tBnd to unitB thB pBoplB, ThBy should not bB too critic2l oP thB
2ttitudBs oP onB r2cB to gr2tiPy thB Bmotions oP 2nothBr r2cB, |P thBy do so,
thBy Cill incitB r2ci2l discord 2nd B$Bn $iolBncB Chich m2y 2PPBct thB CholB
country 2d$BrsBly, |P short spBBchBs to 2 sm2ll group oP pBoplB c2n c2usB
riots 2nd r2ci2l conPlicts in 2ll p2rts oP thB country, CritBrs c2n do grB2tBr
h2rm, Por thB CrittBn Cord circul2tBs morB B]tBnsi$Bly Por 2 longBr pBriod,
This poCBr oP thB CrittBn Cord, hoCB$Br, could bB usBd by CritBrs Por thB
bBnBPit oP thB CholB n2tion, hy gi$ing prominBncB to thB soci2l 2spBcts oP
liPB th2t 2PPBct thB pBoplB 2s hum2n bBings 2nd 2s indi$idu2ls oP 2 p2rticul2r
r2cB, CritBrs c2n hBlp in thB dB$BlopmBnt oP 2 common outlook 2mong thB
pBoplB, ThBy could 2lso hBlp in m2king thB pBoplB rB2lisB thB bBnBPits in
pB2cB 2nd h2rmony, ; study oP thB history oP m2ny countriBs rB$B2ls hoC
thB C2ys 2nd h2bits oP its pBoplB 2rB inPluBncBd by thB pBn oP distinguishBd
CritBrs, Q$Bn thB lB2dBrs oP thB country 2rB oPtBn guidBd by thB opinions oP
notBd CritBrs,
|ndBBd, in timBs oP grB2t discontBnt in 2 country, CritBrs 2d$isB thB pBoplB to
B]BrcisB p2tiBncB 2nd modBr2tion in B]prBssing thBir griB$2ncB, ThBrB 2rB
m2ny B]2mplBs oP hoC CritBrs in $2rious countriBs h2$B bBBn 2blB to
rBmo$B PBBlings oP h2trBd 2mong thB pBoplB, ThB nBCsp2pBr, Por B]2mplB,
Chich is thB product oP thB combinBd BPPort oP m2ny CritBrs, is 2blB to B]Brt
2 rBstr2ining inPluBncB on pBoplB Cho 2rB B2sily pro$okBd, This is thB bBst
B]2mplB oP Ch2t CritBrs could do to promotB goodCill 2mong thB pBoplB oP
2 country,
-.( (/0$%1
m, 2ntiquity nnop th"i ]!2
r, di$Brt n$o p lm &Zi h!Nng
s, lucidity nnop sD r rng, minh bch
t, cogBncy n$op sD $+ng chc, s3c thuy%t ph*c
v, dCBll upon n$op chuyLn chE $o
w, conscious n2ddop c0 J th3c, bi%t r
x, comp2triot nnop &<ng bo
y, dBlic2tB n2ddop tinh $i, tinh t%, t% nhI
z, domin2tB n$op chi%m !u th%, chi phGi, thGng trI
m{, cl2riPy n$op lm cho d4 hi'u
mm, $2guBly n2d$op mF h<, ng" ng=
mr, idBologic2l n2ddop thu/c h t! t!Vng
ms, prBdudicB nnop sD thnh ki%n, &Inh ki%n, thiLn ki%n
mt, Prustr2tion nnop t.m trng th5t $ng, $Y m/ng
mv, $Brb2lly n2d$op bng l"i n0i
mw, 2d$BrsBly n2d$op b5t l=i
mx, circul2tB n$op l!u truy6n, truy6n b
my, discontBnt nnop sD b5t men, sD b5t bnh
mz, griB$2ncB nnop l"i phn nn, l"i kLu c2, l"i th2n phi6n, nki b5t bnh
(hich language do you thin* has made the greatest contri#ution to the
romotion of #etter understanding among the eoles of the )orld+
ThB hum2n r2cB is di$idBd by 2 multiplicity oP l2ngu2gBs, m2ny oP Chich
h2$B comB to pl2y 2n import2nt p2rt in thB 2PP2irs oP thB Corld,
; littlB rBPlBction rB$B2ls th2t thB import2ncB oP 2 l2ngu2gB is 2ssoci2tBd
m2inly Cith thB idB2s 2nd knoClBdgB it cont2ins, ThB morB idB2s 2 l2ngu2gB
c2n con$By to thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld, thB morB it Cill bB usBd by pBoplB
B$BryChBrB, Thus, thB l2ngu2gB th2t is usBd most B]tBnsi$Bly is thB l2ngu2gB
th2t m2kBs thB grB2tBst contribution to hum2n progrBss 2nd mutu2l
undBrst2nding bBtCBBn pBoplBs,
|t c2nnot bB dBniBd th2t tod2y thB most CidBly usBd l2ngu2gB is thB Qnglish
l2ngu2gB, ThBrB 2rB PBC countriBs in Chich this l2ngu2gB is not undBrstood
or usBd, Q$Bn thB countriBs Chich prB2chBd h2trBd Por B$Brything Qnglish,
including thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB, during thBir strugglB Por indBpBndBncB Prom
hritish rulB such 2s |ndi2, Pound it diPPicult to dispBnsB Cith this l2ngu2gB
2PtBr thBy bBc2mB indBpBndBnt, ThBrBPorB, thBy not only continuBd to usB
Qnglish in 2ll sphBrBs oP public 2cti$ity but 2lso bBg2n to Bncour2gB thB usB
2nd study oP thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB 2s mB2ns oP 2chiB$ing n2tion2l progrBss
2nd unity, ThBsB BPPorts on thB p2rt oP thB $2rious countriBs oP thB Corld
con$By 2n idB2 oP thB import2ncB oP thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB,
|t Could bB instructi$B, hoCB$Br to considBr thB rB2son Por thB B]tBnsi$B usB
oP thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB, `nB oP thB rB2sons is th2t sB$Br2l countriBs in thB
Corld h2$B bBBn occupiBd m2inly by immigr2nts Prom Qngl2nd such 2s thB
nitBd Rt2tBs oP ;mBric2, ;ustr2li2 2nd ABC B2l2nd, |t is thBrBPorB not
surprising th2t thB pBoplB oP such countriBs h2$B continuBd to usB thB
Qnglish l2ngu2gB, though thBy h2$B sB$BrBd thBir politic2l connB]ions Cith
thBir mothBr country 2nd 2cquirBd indBpBndBnt st2tus, Por onB c2nnot disc2rd
onBs l2ngu2gB B2sily, ;nothBr rB2son is th2t, in thB coursB or history, 2 l2rgB
numbBr oP countriBs throughout thB Corld c2mB dirBctly undBr hritish rulB,
ChBrB Qnglish C2s m2dB thB m2in l2ngu2gB Por 2dministr2ti$B, commBrci2l
2nd 2ll othBr purposBs,
;s thB lB2ding coloni2l poCBr in thB Corld, Qngl2nd h2s indBBd B]BrtBd 2
proPound inPluBncB on thB 2PP2irs oP thB Corld, though hBr coloni2l
possBssions 2rB r2pidly bBcoming indBpBndBnt onB 2PtBr thB othBr,
9oncomit2ntly, thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB too h2s comB to pl2y 2 lB2ding rolB in
intBrn2tion2l communic2tion, Thus, m2ny pBoplB ChosB n2ti$B l2ngu2gB is
not Qnglish h2$B studiBd Qnglish 2nd bBcomB morB con$Brs2tion Cith
Qnglish th2n Cith thBir oCn l2ngu2gBs, This is BspBci2lly truB Cith thB
lB2dBrs oP thB pBoplB to Chom Qnglish is 2 PorBign l2ngu2gB, ;s 2 rBsult, thB
Qnglish l2ngu2gB is usBd by thBm not only in thB 2dministr2tion oP thBir
countriBs but 2lso in 2ll thBir institutions oP highBr lB2rning,
ThB most import2nt rB2son Por thB prBTBminBncB oP thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB,
hoCB$Br, is th2t it is thB sourcB oP 2ll knoClBdgB, ThB |ndustri2l B$olution
th2t bBg2n in Qngl2nd 2nd sprB2d to othBr countriBs rB$B2lBd thB Qnglish
gBnius Por in$Bntion, Q$Bn thB politic2l 2nd soci2l institutions oP Qngl2nd,
Chich CBrB 2PPBctBd trBmBndously by thB |ndustri2l B$olution, h2$B
B$okBd thB 2dmir2tion oP 2ll countriBs, ThB knoClBdgB, idB2s, B]pBriBncBs
2nd proPound thoughts oP thB Qnglish pBoplB h2$B m2dB 2 dBBp imprBssion
on thB minds oP thB pBoplB oP othBr countriBs, |nnumBr2blB books h2$B bBBn
CrittBn in thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB on 2ll br2nchBs oP study, 2nd such is thB
thirst oP Qnglish schol2rs Por knoClBdgB 2nd thBir dBsirB to communic2tB it,
th2t thBy h2$B B$Bn tr2nsl2tBd books oP grB2t $2luB Prom othBr l2ngu2gB to
Qnglish Por thB bBnBPit oP 2ll, aritBrs oP othBr n2tion2litiBs too h2$B CrittBn 2
grB2t numbBr oP books in Qnglish 2nd m2dB 2 subst2nti2l contribution to thB
BnrichmBnt oP thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB, ;s 2 rBsult oP 2ll thBsB BPPorts, thB
Qnglish l2ngu2gB h2s bBcomB thB m2in 2$BnuB to thB grB2tBst storBhousB or
inPorm2tion, ThBrBPorB, pBoplB B$BryChBrB h2$B dB$BlopBd 2 spBci2l rBspBct
Por thB l2ngu2gB 2nd thBy continuB to lB2rn it Cith 2$idity,
;s thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB is usBd so B]tBnsi$Bly it is m2inly in this l2ngu2gB
th2t thB pBoplBs oP thB Corld communic2tB Cith 2nd undBrst2nd onB 2nothBr,
Ao othBr l2ngu2gB h2s such 2 CidB 2ppB2l or popul2rity, | 2m thBrBPorB oP
thB opinion th2t it is thB Qnglish l2ngu2gB th2t h2s m2dB thB grB2tBst
contribution to thB promotion oP thB bBttBr undBrst2nding 2mong thB pBoplBs
oP thB Corld,
-.( (/0$%1
m, multiplicity nnop $ sG
r, mutu2l n2ddop qu2 li, l:n nh2u
s, prB2ch n$op ch7 tr!Fng, thuy%t gio
t, immigr2nt nno p ng!"i nhp c!
v, connB]ion nno p mGi qu2n h
w, disc2rd n$o p $3t bX, th#i h<i
x, 2dministr2ti$B n2ddo p nthu/co hnh ch>nh
y, commBrci2l n2ddo p nthu/co th!Fng mi
z, concomit2ntly n2d$o p &i &i $Ni, &<ng th"i
m{, prBTBminBncB nno p s!u $it hFn h[n
mm, B$okB n$op g=i lLn
mr, innumBr2blB n2ddo p $ sG
ms, subst2nti2l n2ddo p lNn l2o, &ng k', qu2n trng
mt, 2$idity nno p sD kht kh2o
mv, 2ppB2l nno p sD h5p d:n
Li#erty
RincB his 2ppB2r2ncB on thB B2rth, m2n h2s instincti$Bly longBd Por libBrty,
2n idB2l Chich h2s inspirBd rB$olts 2nd rB$olutions throughout thB long
history oP thB hum2n r2cB,
ThB yB2rning Por libBrty or PrBBdom is not rBstrictBd to m2n 2lonB, Q$Bn
2nim2ls, birds 2nd 2ll li$ing crB2turBs lo$B thB PrBBdom th2t ^od h2s gi$Bn
to thBm, OikB mBn, thBsB crB2turBs Cill nB$Br submit to c2pti$ity Cithout
rBsist2ncB, ABithBr Cill thBy cB2sB to m2kB tBn2cious BPPorts to Bsc2pB, oncB
thBy 2rB c2pturBd,
|n thB B2rly d2ys oP thBir B]istBncB, mBn CBrB PrBB to pursuB thBir oCn
2PP2irs, Cithin thB limits oP thBir oCn 2bility, ThBy mo$Bd Prom pl2cB to
pl2cB in sm2ll isol2tBd groups 2nd P2miliBs, in sB2rch oP Pood, Chich
consistBd oP BdiblB pl2nts, Pruits 2nd thB PlBsh oP 2nim2ls, ThB pursuit oP thB
mB2ns oP sur$i$2l C2s thBir only occup2tion, 2nd thB things th2t rBstrictBd
thBir PrBBdom oP mo$BmBnt, to somB B]tBnt, CBrB thBir oCn PB2rs oP thB
unknoCn 2nd n2tur2l b2rriBrs such 2s mount2ins, dBnsB PorBsts, 2nd ri$Brs,
ThBsB CBrB no rBstr2ints imposBd upon thBm by hum2n institution 2nd thBy
BndoyBd thBir libBrty,
^r2du2lly, mBn lB2rnBd to li$B in communitiBs 2nd $2rious institutions CBrB
Bst2blishBd, Chich soon curt2ilBd thBir libBrty to 2 grB2t B]tBnt, ulBs CBrB
m2dB Por thB cohBsions oP B2ch community 2nd obBdiBncB to thosB rulBs C2s
sBcurBd by thB thrB2t oP punishmBnt, This BlBmBnt oP compulsion imposBd
upon thB conduct oP thB indi$idu2ls in thB community rBstrictBd thB libBrty
oP thB pBoplBu but thB grB2tBr sBcurity th2t mBn BndoyBd in community liPB
pro$idBd thB incBnti$B to p2rti2l s2criPicBs,
Roon, hoCB$Br, conPlicts dB$BlopBd 2mong thB $2rious communitiBs, ThB
strongBr onB conquBrBd thB CB2kBr onB 2nd in thB contBst Por poCBr 2nd
domin2tion, hundrBds oP pBoplB lost thBir libBrty complBtBly, ThB
Bnsl2$BmBnt 2nd supprBssion oP onB group oP pBoplB by 2nothBr pro$idBd
thB stimulus Por numBrous rB$olts 2nd rB$olutions Por libBrty Chich h2$B not
cB2sBd till this d2y, Q$Bn in thB s2mB community, RomBtimBs, thBrB CBrB
di$isions, ThB rulBrs, Cho c2mB to bB knoCn 2s kings, Cith thB dB$BlopmBnt
oP thB communitiBs into countriBs, CBrB 2t $2ri2ncB Cith thBir subdBcts, To
m2int2in thBir st2tus 2nd to 2ssBrt thBir 2uthority, kings dB$BlopBd thBir oCn
thBoriBs oP kingship, 2nd m2ny oP thBm rulBd in thB most dBspotic m2nnBr,
_BPi2ncB oP thB kingSs 2uthority C2s punishBd by dB2th 2nd imprisonmBnt,
ah2t constitutBd dBPi2ncB C2s dBcidBd 2rbitr2rily by thB king or his
ministBrs, 2nd thous2nds or pBoplB CBrB dBpri$Bd oP thBir libBrty,
Q$Bntu2lly, hoCB$Br, dBspotism 2rousBd thB Pury oP politic2l thinkBrs 2nd
CritBrs in m2ny countriBs, ; crus2dB thBn bBg2n 2g2inst opprBssion 2nd
dBspotism, 2nd thB cry Por libBrty C2s hB2rd B$BryChBrB, B$olutions
BruptBdu dBspotic rulBrs CBrB o$BrthroCn, 2nd nBC rulBrs CBrB compBllBd to
rulB Cith thB consBnt oP thB pBoplB, ThB @rBnch B$olution oP thB BightBBnth
cBntury is thB bBst B]2mplB oP thB B]trBmity to Chich pBoplB CBrB prBp2rBd
to go to rBt2in or rBg2in thBir libBrty, Chich is cl2imBd to bB thB birthTright oP
B$Bry m2n,
hut libBrty doBs not mB2n licBncB, |n othBr Cords, mBnSs libBrty oP 2ction
should not bB B]cBssi$B, ThB @rBnch B$olution is, unPortun2tBly, 2lso thB
bBst B]2mplB oP hoC mBn m2y losB thBir sBnsB oP proportion 2nd dusticB, in
thBir 2ttBmpts to 2ssBrt thBir libBrty, |n th2t rB$olution hundrBds oP innocBnt
mBn, ComBn, 2nd childrBn lost thBir li$Bs 2t thB h2nds oP thosB Cho took Pull
2d$2nt2gB oP thB 2n2rchy th2t thBn prB$2ilBd in @r2ncB, to 2ssBrt thBir libBrty
oP 2ction, Ruch 2ctions 2rB indBBd licBntious ,
Thus, it m2y bB 2rguBd th2t libBrty Cill rBm2in thB b2ttlBTcry oP 2ll thB
pBoplB, but thosB Cho h2$B it should not usB it to hurt or oPPBnd othBrs or to
dBpri$B othBrs oP thBir libBrty,
-.( (/0$%1
m, libBrty nnop sD tD do, quy6n tD do
r, rB$olt nnop cu/c nZi dy, cu/c khVi ngh2, cu/c nZi lon
s, submit n$op chIu ph*c tWng, quy ph*c, ng?ng ph#n khng
t, tBn2cious n2ddop kiLn tr, ngo2n c!"ng, ngo2n cG
v, isol2tBd n2ddop bit lp, c &Fn
w, rBstr2int nnop sD ki6m ch%, sD g1 b0, sD rng bu/c
x, curt2il n$op t!Nc &i, l5y &i
y, cohBsion nnop sD d>nh li6n, sD cG k%t
z, compulsion nnop sD qp bu/c, sD c!Yng b3c
m{, conquBr n$op chinh ph*c, ch% ngD
mm, Bnsl2$BmBnt nnop sD n dIch ho, tnh trng bI n dIch
mr, supprBssion nnop sD &n p ho~c bI &n p
ms, stimulus nnop sD k>ch th>ch, tc nh.n k>ch th>ch
mt, st2tus nnop &i2 $I, th.n phn, th.n th%
mv, dBspotic n2ddop chuyLn ch%, chuyLn quy6n, bo ng!=c
mw, dBPi2ncB nnop sD cng kh2i khng cD ho~c khng tu.n thBo
mx, constitutB n$op c5u thnh, to thnh
my, 2rbitr2rily n2d$op chuyLn quy6n, &/c &on
mz, 2rousB n$op &nh th3c, khu.J &/ng, g=i
r{, crus2dB nnop chi%n dIchu cu/c $n &/ng lNn
rm, cl2im n$op kh[ng &Inh, qu quy%t
rr, B]cBssi$B n2ddop qu th', qu &ng
rs, 2n2rchy nnop tnh trng $ ch>nh phE, tnh trng hkn lon
rt, prB$2il n$op thng th%, chi%m !u th%, phZ bi%n khp nFi
rv, licBntious n2ddop b?2 bei, ph0ng tEng
rw, opprBss n$op p b3c, &n p
$iscuss the role of the olice force in society
ThB policB PorcB pl2ys 2 $it2l rolB in thB m2intBn2ncB oP l2C 2nd ordBr in
sociBty, |t is 2 sourcB oP mor2l strBngth, conPidBncB 2nd h2ppinBss to 2ll
indi$idu2ls Cho sBBk to li$B 2 good liPB in sociBty,
ThB idB2l oP 2 policB PorcB h2s bBBn concBi$Bd cBnturiBs 2go, ChBn l2CyBrs
2cts CBrB committBd B$BryChBrBu but it C2s only in thB ninBtBBnth cBntury
th2t BPPBctu2l stBps CBrB t2kBn to build up 2 strong policB PorcB in 2lmost
B$Bry country, OiPB, bBPorB thB introduction oP thB policB PorcB, C2s indBBd
insBcurB, iolBnt 2cts such 2s murdBr CBrB committBd Cith impunity by
cruBl 2nd rBcklBss mBn, Q$Bn thosB Cho CBrB CB2k 2nd PB2rBd rB$BngB by
strongBr mBn nB$BrthBlBss Pound it s2PB somBtimBs to commit lBssBr crimBs
such 2s thBPt 2nd robbBry, aithout thB rBstr2ining inPluBncB oP 2 poCBrPul
org2nic2tion such 2s thB policB PorcB, thB p2ssions oP mBn CBrB 2rousBd
B2sily, 2nd l2ClBssnBss prB$2ilBd B$BryChBrB, |ndi$idu2ls groupBd
thBmsBl$Bs togBthBr 2nd tBrroricBd CholB $ill2gBs 2nd toCns, 2nd thBrB CBrB
C2rs bBtCBBn ri$2l groups, This st2tB oP 2PP2irs c2usBd grB2t sorroC 2nd
2cutB 2n]iBty to CholB communitiBs 2nd B$BryonB li$Bd in const2nt PB2r,
uncBrt2in B$Bn 2bout his immBdi2tB PuturB,
ThB Bst2blishmBnt oP thB policB PorcB, hoCB$Br, h2s ch2ngBd thB st2tB oP
2PP2irs in sociBty, ThB policB PorcB h2s Bn2blBd thB l2C courts, Chich h2$B
B]istBd sincB 2nciBnt timBs, in cBrt2in countriBs B$Bn bBPorB thB introduction
oP thB policB PorcB, to Punction morB BPPiciBntly, 9rimin2ls 2rB 2pprBhBndBd
2nd punishBd, Cith thB hBlp oP thB policB PorcB, to dBtBr othBrs Prom
committing 2cts indurious to innocBnt citicBns, Uost pBoplB thBrBPorB h2$B
lB2rnBd to control thBir crimin2l tBndBnciBs, ThB 2lBrtnBss oP thB policB PorcB
in thB dBtBction oP crimBs h2s not only discour2gBd most pBoplB Prom
brB2king thB l2Cs oP sociBty but 2lso compBllBd thBm to B]BrcisB rBstr2in 2nd
sBlPTdisciplinB, 9onsBquBntly, sociBty 2s 2 CholB is morB pB2cBPul th2n Ch2t
it C2s bBPorB thB Bst2blishmBnt oP thB policB PorcB,
;s thB 2im oP thB policB PorcB is to promotB thB CBlP2rB oP sociBty, it is
const2ntly Bng2gBd in crB2ting thB conditions in Chich pBoplB c2n li$B 2nd
pursuB thBir oCn 2PP2irs Cithout intBrPBrBncB Prom thoughtlBss indi$idu2ls,
ThB rights oP B$Bry mBmbBr in sociBty 2rB protBctBd by thB courts through
thB 2gBncy oP thB policB PorcB, Chich is thBrBPorB 2 sourcB oP inspir2tion 2nd
hopB to 2ll l2CT2biding citicBns, ;ny intBrPBrBncB Cith thB rights oP onB
citicBn by 2nothBr is ProCnBd upon by thB policB PorcB,
|n thBir BPPorts to promotB thB CBlP2rB oP sociBty thB policB PorcB B]tBnds its
2cti$itiBs B$Bn to thB rBmotBst rBgions oP thB country, |P 2 m2n is lost in 2
dBnsB PorBst or 2t sB2 by his oCn P2ult or othBrCisB, mBmbBrs oP thB PorcB do
thBir utmost to Pind 2nd bring him b2ck to his P2mily, hoCB$Br unplB2s2nt
thB BPPort m2y pro$B, RBldom do thBy gi$B up thBir sB2rch iP thBy 2rB cBrt2in
th2t thB m2n still sur$i$Bs, _Bdic2tBd to thB sBr$icB oP sociBty, thBy 2rB
prBp2rBd to Cork undBr 2ny conditions to protBct 2 pBrson, somBtimBs B$Bn
2t thB risk oP losing thBir oCn li$Bs,
ThB knoClBdgB oP thB 2cti$itiBs in Chich thB policB PorcB is Bng2gBd h2s
incrB2sBd thB conPidBncB 2nd mor2l strBngth oP pBoplB in sociBty, Q$Bn thB
cripplB 2nd in$2lid 2rB gi$Bn B$Bry protBction, Thus, pBoplB tod2y c2n li$B in
grB2tBr sBcurity 2nd h2ppinBss th2n thBy could bBPorB, RociBty thBrBPorB
oCBs 2 grB2t dBbt oP gr2titudB to thB policB PorcB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, $it2l n2ddop sGng c1n, qu2n trng
r, sBBk n$op m!u cHu, thBo &uZi
s, concBi$B n$op hnh thnh m J ngh, trong &Hu c0 J t!Vng
t, commit n$op phm lki
v, impunity nnop sD khng bI tr?ng pht
v , ri$2l n2dd op &Gi &Ich, cnh tr2nh
x, 2nciBnt n2ddo p ]!2, cZ
y, 2pprBhBnd n$o p bt, t0m, nm, l5y
z, dBtBr n$o p ng(n c#n, ng(n ch~n, lm n#n l1ng
m{, 2lBrtnBss nnop sD tnh to, sD c#nh gic
mm, discour2gB n$o p lm n#n l1ng, lm chn n#n
mr, compBl n$o p bt bu/c, thEc qp
ms, consBquBntly n2d$o p do &0, $ $y, bVi $y, cho nLn
mt, intBrPBrBncB nno p sD c2n thip, sD ]Bn $o
mv, l2CT2biding p trung thnh $Ni php lut, tu.n thBo lut php
mw, ProCn n$o p khng bng l1ng, ph#n &Gi
mx, pro$B n$op tX r2, ch3ng tX, ch3ng minh
my, dBdic2tBd n2ddop tn t*y, tn t.m
mz, gr2titudB nnop l1ng bi%t Fn, sD nhN Fn
$iscuss the vie) that tolerance is essential for eace and harmony in any
community or country
ThB progrBss oP 2ny community or country dBpBnds l2rgBly on thB conduct
oP thB pBoplB Cho rBsidB in it, _iscontBnt, dB2lousiBs, prBdudicBs, 2nd
intolBr2ncB 2mong 2 PBC oP thB pBoplB c2n c2usB grB2t d2m2gB to thB CholB
community or country,
^rBg2rious by n2turB, mBn h2tB to li$B in isol2tion, ThB urgB Por 2ssoci2tion,
thBrBPorB, Bn2blBs mBn to tolBr2tB thB $iBCs 2nd h2bits oP othBrs, to grB2t
B]tBnt, Uost mBn h2$B comB to rB2lisB th2t thB cohBsion oP sociBty c2nnot bB
sBcurBd Cithout thB B]BrcisB oP tolBr2ncB on thB p2rt oP its mBmbBrs,
; community or country is composBd oP $2rious typBs oP pBoplB, ChosB
psychologic2l soci2l 2n tBmpBr2mBnt2l 2ttitudBs 2nd nBBds 2rB not thB s2mB,
|n 2 grB2t numbBr oP c2sBs, thBrB 2rB Pund2mBnt2l diPPBrBncBs B$Bn in r2cB,
l2ngu2gB 2nd rBligion 2mong thB pBoplB, This is thB rBsult oP thB Bconomic
2nd soci2l nBcBssitiBs oP thB modBrn 2gB, Chich h2$B compBllBd pBoplB to
lB2$B thBir origin2l homBs 2nd li$B 2mong pBoplB oP PorBign dBscBnt, ThBsB
di$BrsitiBs in 2 community or country nBcBssit2tB thB m2intBn2ncB oP 2
tolBr2nt 2ttitudB on thB p2rt oP thB pBoplB toC2rds onB 2nothBr, ThBy h2$B to
rBspBct thB cultur2l 2nd soci2l h2bits 2nd bBliBPs oP onB 2nothBr 2nd rBPr2in
thBmsBl$Bs Prom doing, or s2ying things Chich might oPPBnd thB
suscBptibilitiBs oP somB pBoplB, ThB r2ci2l 2nd rBligious cl2shBs th2t h2$B
occurrBd in $2rious p2rts oP thB Corld indic2tB thB d2m2gB th2t thB
B]prBssion oP h2trBd 2nd prBdudicB c2n c2usB in 2 country, Q$Bn diPPBrBncBs
in thB colour oP thB skin c2n c2usB troublB 2nd $iolBncB in 2 community, 2nd
ChBn p2ssions 2rB 2rousBd, mBn losB thBir rB2son 2nd sBnsB oP proportion
2nd indulgB in thB most b2rb2ric 2cts, |nnocBnt li$Bs bBcomB thB $ictims oP
insBns2tB cruBlty,
Th2t tolBr2ncB is BssBnti2l Por pB2cB 2nd h2rmony in 2 country could bB
illustr2tBd by rBPBrBncB to thB pBoplB in U2l2ysi2, 2 country in Chich pBoplB
oP $2rious r2cBs rBsidB, _BspitB cultur2l, r2ci2l 2nd rBligious diPPBrBncBs
2mong thBmsBl$Bs, thB pBoplB hBrB h2$B li$Bd Por gBnBr2tions in pB2cB 2nd
h2rmony, ThBy h2$B 2lso hBlpBd onB 2nothBr in $2rious C2ys 2t $2rious
timBs, |t must bB 2dmittBd, hoCB$Br, thBrB h2$B bBBn 2 PBC incidBnts Prom
timB to timB c2usBd by commun2l diPPBrBncBs in cBrt2in loc2litiBs, yBt thBy
c2n h2rdly bB 2ttributBd to thB gBnBr2l uprising oP thB r2cBs 2g2inst onB
2nothBr, |n P2ct, thB goodCill th2t prB$2ils 2mong thB diPPBrBnt r2cBs oP
pBoplB hBrB h2s contributBd to thB dB$BlopmBnt oP 2 nBC n2tion, Chich h2s
bBcomB thB Bn$y oP m2ny countriBs, ThB r2ci2l unity 2mong thB pBoplB is
thB m2in P2ctor th2t h2s contributBd to thB progrBss oP thB country in 2ll
sphBrBs oP 2cti$ity,
;nothBr country th2t dBsBr$Bs mBntion is thB nitBd Rt2tBs oP ;mBric2, ThB
pBoplB oP this country too 2rB m2dB up oP 2 di$Brsity oP r2cBs 2nd culturBs,
Bt, by tolBr2ncB, coTopBr2tion 2nd goodCill 2mong thB pBoplB 2s 2 CholB, it
h2s bBcomB thB richBst country in thB Corld, ;ll this pro$Bs Ch2t could bB
2chiB$Bd by thB pBoplB oP 2 community or country Cho B]BrcisB tolBr2ncB
2mong thBmsBl$Bs,
-.( (/0$%1
m, tolBr2ncB nnop sD kho2n dung, l1ng kho2n dung, sD th2 th3
r, conduct nnop hnh ki'm, t! cch &o &3c
s, rBsidB n$op c0 nh c72 mnh V m/t nFi nh5t &Inh, c! trE
t, prBdudicB nnop &Inh ki%n, thnh ki%n
v, grBg2rious n2ddop sGng thnh tp th'
w, psychologic2l n2ddop thu/c t.m lJ
x, tBmpBr2mBnt2l n2ddop th5t th!"ng, h2y th2y &Zi khng bnh tnh
y, di$Brsity nnop t>nh &2 dng
z, nBcBssit2tB n$op &Xi hXi cHn ph#i c0
m{, rBPr2in n$op ki6m ch% lm $ic g, cG nhIn, cG n>n
mm, suscBptibility nnop t>nh nhy c#m, d4 ]Ec c#m, tD i
mr, cl2sh nnop sD ]ung &/t, sD $2 chm
ms, h2trBd nnop l1ng c(m thW, c(m h"n, c(m ghqt
mt, proportion nnop sD c.n ]3ng, sD c.n &Gi
mv, indulgB n$op h2m mL, thBo &uZi
mv, b2rb2ric n2ddop de m2n, m2n r=
mx, insBns2tB n2diop khng c#m ]Ec, nh:n t.m, &iLn r<
my, dBspitB nprBpop b5t ch5p, m~c dW
mz, commun2l n2ddo nthu/co cc nh0m ch7ng t/c $ tn gio &Gi lp V m $Wng
r{, 2ttributB n$o p cho l do, quy cho
rm, uprising nno cu/c nZi dy, cu/c khVi ngh2
rr, contributB nno p &0ng g0p, g0p phHn
rs, Bn$y nno p sD thKm muGn, sD ghBn tI, sD &G kg
rt, sphBrB nno p lnh $Dc, phm $i #nh h!Vng
$iscuss the advantages and disadvantages of having too many university
graduates in your country
ni$Brsity Bduc2tion conPBrs m2ny bBnBPits on thB indi$idu2l, |t dB$Blops
his intBllBct 2nd bro2dBns his outlook on liPB, 2nd Bn2blBs him to
discrimin2tB bBtCBBn thB good 2nd thB b2d, Thus, in thB p2st, only thosB
Cho sought to 2cquirB thBsB bBnBPits procBBdBd to thB $2rious uni$BrsitiBs in
thB Corld, Tod2y, hoCB$Br, mBn 2rB usu2lly dri$Bn to thB uni$BrsitiBs by
Bconomic nBcBssity, @BC oP thBm sBBk thB truB bBnBPits oP Bduc2tion, Por thB
groCing compBtition Por positions in thB $2rious proPBssions h2s m2dB it
diPPicult to sBcurB propBr BmploymBnt Cithout somB uni$Brsity dBgrBBs, ;s 2
consBquBncB, thBrB 2rB 2 l2rgB numbBr oP uni$Brsity gr2du2tBs tod2y in
2lmost B$Bry country,
ThB 2d$2nt2gBs oP h2$ing too m2ny uni$Brsity gr2du2tBs in 2 country,
hoCB$Br, 2rB m2ny, |n my country, Por B]2mplB, thB prBsBncB oP 2 l2rgB
numbBr oP gr2du2tBs Could Bn2blB thB go$BrnmBnt oP my country lo Pind
suPPiciBnt mBn to 2ssumB rBsponsiblB positions in thB $2rious 2dministr2ti$B
dBp2rtmBnts, |t Could 2lso r2isB thB st2tus oP thB country in thB ByBs oP thB
Corld, 2s onB Cith 2 high litBr2cy r2tB, ThB BPPiciBncy oP thB 2dministr2ti$B
org2ns oP thB st2tB Could 2lso bB incrB2sBd, 2nd in timB oP n2tion2l crisBs,
thB go$BrnmBnt could dr2C on thB intBllBctu2l rBsourcBs oP thB pBoplB, Q$Bn
thB youngBr gBnBr2tion oP mBn Could bBnBPit Prom thB cont2cts Cith
uni$Brsity gr2du2tBs, ThBy Could dr2C inspir2tion Prom thB Cork oP thB
gr2du2tBs 2nd thBmsBl$Bs dB$Blop, consciously or unconsciously, somB oP
thB mBnt2l 2bilitiBs oP thB gr2du2tBs, |n othBr Cords, thB prBsBncB oP 2 l2rgB
numbBr oP uni$Brsity gr2du2tBs Could crB2tB 2n 2tmosphBrB conduci$B to thB
mBnt2l dB$BlopmBnt oP thB youngBr pBoplB in thB country,
ThB $2rious pri$2tB Pirms 2nd industriBs too Could bBnBPit Prom thB prBsBncB
oP l2rgB numbBr oP uni$Brsity gr2du2tBs in my country, |t Could P2cilit2tB thB
sBlBction oP suit2blB mBn Por positions oP rBsponsibility in thB Pirms 2nd
industriBs, This Could contributB subst2nti2lly to thB progrBss 2nd
producti$ity oP thB businBss concBrns,
ThBrB Could, hoCB$Br, 2lso bB cBrt2in dis2d$2nt2gBs in h2$ing too m2ny
uni$Brsity gr2du2tBs in my country, ThB Corst oP thBm Could bB th2t pBoplB
Cithout uni$Brsity qu2liPic2tions Could Pind thBmsBl$Bs in 2 prBc2rious
position, ^ood positions in thB $2rious proPBssions Could bB closBd to thBm,
Thus, thBy Could h2$B to bB contBnt Cith humblB positions 2nd mB2grB
incomBs, aithout 2ny prospBcts oP promotion in thBir rBspBcti$B pl2cBs oP
Cork, hBsidBs, thB gBnBr2l drop in s2l2ry sc2lBs oCing to thB compBtition
2mong gr2du2tBs Por position, Could PurthBr 2dd to thB misBry oP thosB
Cithout uni$Brsity tr2ining, Por BmployBrs Could 2lC2ys look Por uni$Brsity
gr2du2tBs, B$Bn Por loC positions,
;nothBr dis2d$2nt2gB Could bB th2t thosB Cithout uni$Brsity dBgrBBs Could
bB rBg2rdBd 2s ignor2nt 2nd oP no consBquBncB, ThBy Could rBcBi$B littlB
rBspBct, unlBss thBy CBrB CB2lthy, Though thB uni$Brsity gr2du2tBs m2y not
dBlibBr2tBly 2dopt such 2n 2ttitudB toC2rds thBm, yBt thBy Could 2lC2ys
rBm2in sBnsiti$B to 2ny rBm2rks upon thBir 2bilitiBs, Ruch 2 situ2tion Could
producB 2 group oP disgruntlB mBn, 2nd thBrB Could bB much unBmploymBnt
2mong thosB Cithout uni$Brsity Bduc2tion, thus gi$ing risB to m2ny
problBms in thB country,
-.( (/0$%1
m, conPBr n$op tr2o ho~c t~ng
r, intBllBct nnop kh# n(ng hi'u bi%t, tr> tu, tr> n(ng
s, discrimin2tB n$op ph.n bit
t, consBquBncB nnop hu qu#, k%t qu#
v, suPPiciBnt n2ddo p &7
w, 2ssumB n$o p nm l5y, chi%m l5y
x, litBr2cy nno p sD bi%t $i%t, bi%t &c
y, BPPiciBncy n2ddop hiu qu#, n(ng lDc, kh# n(ng
z, conduci$B n2ddop c0 >ch, c0 l=i
m{, P2cilit2tB n$o p lm cho d4 dng, lm cho thun tin
mm, subst2nti2lly n2d$op $6 thDc ch5t, c(n b#n
mr, prBc2rious n2ddo p tm th"i, nh5t th"i, khng Zn &Inh
ms, humblB n2ddo p th5p kqm, hKn mn
mt, mB2grB n2ddo p nghKo nn, ]ong, &m bc
mv, sc2lB nno p quy m, phm $i
mw, oCing to nprBpop do $, bVi $
mx, dBlibBr2tBly n2d$op m/t cch t>nh ton, c0 ch7 t.m
my, 2dopt n$op ch5p nhn, thng qu2
mz, disgruntlBd n2ddop bDc t3c
(ar and eace
RincB thB timB mBn lB2rnBd to li$B in communitiBs, in thB rBmotB p2st, C2rs
h2$B bBBn Pought 2t rBgul2r intBr$2ls in $2rious p2rts oP thB Corld, |n P2ct,
thB history oP thB hum2n r2cB is m2inly 2 rBcord oP thB b2ttlBs 2nd C2rs
Pought in thB p2st bBtCBBn communitiBs 2nd n2tions,
a2rs 2rB c2usBd m2inly by hum2n grBBd 2nd 2mbition, |n thB B2rly d2ys oP
mBnSs B]istBncB, m2ny communitiBs li$Bd 2 $Bry h2rd liPB, oCing pBrh2ps to
thB l2ck oP gBogr2phic2l 2d$2nt2gBs or intBllBctu2l 2bility, ;s 2 rBsult, thB
prospBrity oP othBr communitiBs 2rousBd thBir grBBd 2nd Bn$y, 2nd C2rs
bBtCBBn communitiBs bBc2mB inB$it2blB, `nB sidB Pought to conquBr thB
prospBrous communitiBs in ordBr to g2in control oP thB mB2ns oP prospBrity,
2nd thB othBr sidB Pought to dBPBnd its indBpBndBncB 2nd C2y oP liPB, aith
thB p2ss2gB oP timB, thB communitiBs dB$BlopBd into n2tions, 2nd C2rs CBrB
Pought on 2 biggBr sc2lBu but thB b2sic c2usBs oP C2r rBm2inBd thB s2mB, |t
C2s only occ2sion2lly th2t b2ttlBs CBrB Pought Cith othBr 2ims such 2s thB
c2pturB oP 2 Com2n to s2tisPy thB sB]u2l oP 2 conquBror or rulBr,
MoCB$Br, succBss in C2rs stirrBd thB 2mbition oP m2ny n2tions, a2rs CBrB
thBn Pought Por domin2tion 2nd B]tBnsion oP poCBr, RB$Br2l sm2ll n2tions
soon c2mB undBr thB dominion oP 2 poCBrPul country, Chich thBn dB$BlopBd
into 2n QmpirB, ThB om2n QmpirB, Por B]2mplB, C2s crB2tBd m2inly by
conquBst, Q$Bn thB pBrson2l 2mbitions oP somB indi$idu2ls h2$B bBBn thB
c2usB oP C2rs 2t timBs, ThB 2mbitions oP A2polBon 2nd MitlBr Por Corld
conquBst c2usBd m2ny b2ttlBs, in Chich millions oP pBoplB, young 2nd old,
g2$B thBir li$Bs,
ThB dB$2st2tion c2usBd by C2rs, hoCB$Br, h2s 2lC2ys 2rousBd thB
consciBncB oP sB$Br2l n2tions, 2nd 2ttBmpts h2$B bBBn m2dB by such n2tions
to prB$Bnt C2rs in thB PuturB, ThBir lB2dBrs h2$B mBt 2t $2rious timBs, in thB
coursB oP history, to discuss pB2cB 2nd to Pind 2 C2y oP rBmo$ing thB c2usBs
oP C2r, |t is this urgB th2t lBd to thB crB2tion oP thB nitBd A2tions, 2PtBr thB
P2ilurB oP thB OB2guB oP A2tions, Chich tod2y is doing its utmost to m2int2in
pB2cB bBtCBBn n2tions,
hut thB dBsirB pB2cB h2s instB2d lBd to PurthBr C2rs, Por pB2cB oPtBn dBm2nds
thB dBstruction oP thB 2mbitions oP thosB Cho bBgin C2rs, ThB C2rs bBgun
by A2polBon 2nd MitlBr could bB BndBd only by Pighting PurthBr C2rs to
dBstroy thBsB mBn, Cho h2$B bBBn rBsponsiblB Por thB grB2tBst suPPBrings in
thB history oP thB Corld, Mum2n 2mbition, hoCB$Br, is indiPPBrBnt to thB
lBssons oP history, |n timBs oP C2rs, mBn sBBk pB2cBu but ChBn thBrB is
pB2cB, thBrB 2rB 2ttBmpts to bBgin C2rs, `ncB 2 C2r is bBgun, hoCB$Br, thosB
rBsponsiblB Por it 2rB crushBd in thB Bnd, Bt 2mbitious countriBs 2nd
indi$idu2ls 2rB still trying to B]tBnd thBir poCBr, but thBy 2rB bBing opposBd
by thosB Cho lo$B pB2cB, Thus, C2rs Cill continuB to B]ist, ChilB 2t thB
s2mB timB 2ttBmpts Cill bB m2dB to 2tt2in pB2cB in thB Corld,
-.( (/0$%1
m, 2t rBgul2r intBr$2ls nnop &6u &~n
r, grBBd nnop t>nh th2m l2m
s, prospBrity nnop sD thInh $!=ng
t , conquBr n$op chinh ph*c, ].m chi%m
v, dBPBnd n$op b#o $
w, lust nnop sD thKm kht, l1ng th2m
x, stir n$op k>ch th>ch, kh>ch &/ng, ]Ei gi*c
y, domin2tion nnop sD thGng trI
z, dominion nnop quy6n thGng trI, quy6n chi phGi
m{, dB$2st2tion nnop sD tn ph, sD ph h7y
mm, consciBncB nnop l!Fng t.m
mr , P2ilurB nnop sD th5t bi, cG gng khng thnh cng
ms, OB2guB oP A2tions nnop M/i uGc OiLn
mt, dBstruction nnop sD ph h7y, sD tiLu dit
mR, crush n$op tiLu dit &Ich, d\p t2n, lm tiLu t2n
mw, opposB n$op chGng &Gi, ph#n &Gi
mx, 2tt2in n$op &t &!=c, ginh &!=c
2ourage
9our2gB, likB 2ll hum2n qu2litiBs, is 2n 2bstr2ct thingu but it is this qu2lity in
m2n th2t h2s Bn2blBd him to 2d$2ncB 2g2inst 2ll n2tur2l obst2clBs through
thB cBnturiBs,
QndoCBd Cith intBlligBncB 2nd m2nu2l skills m2nSs cour2gB, B$Bn in thB
B2rly d2ys oP his B]istBncB, Bn2blBd him to 2ccBpt thB ch2llBngBs oP n2turB,
MB not only li$Bd in thB midst oP Cild 2nim2ls but 2lso bBg2n to domBstic2tB
m2ny oP thBm Por his oCn 2d$2nt2gB, Roon, B$Bn thB most PBrocious 2nd
l2rgBst oP 2nim2ls lB2rnt to rBspBct his cour2gB, ThBy bBg2n to 2$oid him 2s
P2r 2s thBy could,
|ndBBd, Cithout cour2gB m2n Could nB$Br bB 2blB to 2d$2ncB Prom thB
primiti$B st2gB, MB Could nB$Br try to rB2ch thB skiBs or B]plorB thB dBpths
oP thB ocB2nsu but impBllBd by cour2gB, hB lBPt his immBdi2tB conPinBs to
dBPy n2turB, 2nd soon m2dB thB Corld morB hospit2blB 2nd sBcurB Por
himsBlP, |t is this irrBsprBssiblB BnBrgy oP m2n, 2idBd by his cour2gB, th2t h2s
contributBd to thB comPort 2nd h2ppinBss th2t pBoplB B$BryChBrB Bndoy
tod2y,
9our2gB is thBrBPorB indispBns2blB to 2lmost 2ll hum2n 2cti$itiBs, UBn nBBd
cour2gB to P2cB thBir BnBmiBs 2nd thB uncBrt2intiBs oP liPB, ThBy nBBd
cour2gB to opBr2tB m2chinBry, to Ply 2Bropl2nBs, to construct t2ll buildings,
|n P2ct, thBy nBBd cour2gB to mBBt 2ll thB d2ngBrs th2t const2ntly thrB2tBn
thBm in 2ll thBir pursuits, Q$Bn to 2ccBpt thB rBsponsibilitiBs oP 2 P2mily
rBquirBs B]trBmB cour2gB,
Mum2n cour2gB 2nd $2lour h2$B bBBn displ2yBd most strikingly in 2ll thB
b2ttlBs th2t h2$B bBBn Pought in thB history oP m2nkind, UBn h2$B Pought
2g2inst mBn Cith dB2dly CB2pons to protBct thBmsBl$Bs thBir countriBs,
P2miliBs 2nd homB, @or thB protBction 2nd comPort oP thBir P2miliBs, mBn
h2$B 2lso P2cBd othBr d2ngBrs, ThBy h2$B dBPiBd d2ngBrous currBnts in ri$Brs
to bring Pood Por thBir P2miliBs by bo2ts 2nd r2Pts, ThBy h2$B 2lso dBPiBd
storm 2nd b2ttlBd thB C2$Bs oP thB ocB2ns to B]tr2ct Pood Prom thBm,
9our2gB, hoCB$Br, doBs not 2ssBrt itsBlP 2lC2ys, ThB instinct oP sBlPT
prBsBr$2tion usu2lly impBls mBn to sBBk s2PBty in Pight or concB2lmBnt
ChBnB$Br thBrB is 2 thrB2t to pBrson2l sBcurity, |t is in momBnts oP
dBspBr2tion th2t cour2gB 2ssBrts itsBlP 2nd Bn2blBs onB to mBBt 2ll thrB2tsu
2nd it is in such momBnts th2t mBn 2lso disco$Br thBir oCn physic2l strBngth,
2nd othBr 2d$2nt2gBs oP rBsist2ncB, @or inst2ncB, 2 m2n Cho is 2tt2ckBd by
2n 2nim2l Cill PiBrcBly in 2n BPPort to 2$Brt tr2gBdy to himsBlP, 2nd in thB
procBss disco$Br his oCn strBngth 2nd thB 2d$2nt2gBs oP using cBrt2in
CB2pons to o$BrpoCBr his 2d$Brs2ry,
@BBlings oP loy2lty 2nd dB$otion too h2$B oPtBn 2rousBd thB cour2gB oP
2mBn, ; pBrson Cho is dB$otBd to his P2mily Pights tooth 2nd n2il to protBct
his P2mily Prom dBstruction or B]tinction, Ch2tB$Br thB consBquBncBs to
himsBlP, Rimil2rly, 2 loy2l sBr$2nt m2y gi$B his liPB Por thB protBction oP his
m2stBr,
Thus, cour2gB is thB most import2nt qu2lity in m2n, MB nBBds it Por his oCn
2d$2ncBmBnt 2nd to mBBt 2ll thB ch2llBngBs oP his B]istBncB,
-.( (/0$%1
m, obst2clB nnop sD c#n trV, trV ngi, ch!Nng ngi $t
r, BndoC n$op phE cho, b2n cho
s, m2nu2l n2ddop th7 cng
t, ch2llBngB nnop sD thch th3c
v, PBrociousn2ddop d+ t=n, hung c, de m2n, tn bo
w, hospit2blB n2ddop m%n khch, hi%u khch
x, irrBprBssiblB n2ddop khng th' km nqn &!=c
y, indispBns2blB n2ddop tuyt &Gi khng th' thi%u &!=c
z, strikingly n2d$op nZi bt, &ng chE J
m{, 2ssBrt onBsBlP n$op kh[ng &Inh, qu# quy%t
mm, sBlPTprBsBr$2tion nnop sD thEc bch tD nhiLn &' sinh t<n
mr, dBspBr2tion nnop sD tuyt $ng
ms, PiBrcBly n2d$op d+ d/i, menh lit
mt, o$BrpoCBr n$op p &#o, ch% ngD, khu5t ph*c
mv, 2d$Brs2ry nnop k} &Ich, k} thW, &Gi ph!Fng
mw, dB$otion nnop sD tn t*y, sD thnh t.m, sD hi%n d.ng
$o you thin* that literary education is refera#le to scientific education
today+
; litBr2ry Bduc2tion h2s 2lC2ys bBBn rBg2rdBd 2s indispBns2blB to thB
dB$BlopmBnt oP ch2r2ctBr 2nd 2 bro2d outlook on liPB, ahBthBr such 2n
Bduc2tion is prBPBr2blB to 2 sciBntiPic Bduc2tion is, hoCB$Br, 2 moot
quBstion,
hBPorB thB 2d$Bnt oP thB RciBntiPic ;gB most schol2rs pursuBd 2 litBr2ry
Bduc2tion Chich conPBrrBd m2ny bBnBPits on thBm, |t not only g2$B thBm 2n
insight into thB 2PP2irs oP thB Corld but 2lso BquippBd thBm Cith 2
$oc2bul2ry th2t Bn2blBd thBm to B]prBss thBir $iBCs 2nd PBBlings Cith
cogBncy 2nd P2cility, hBsidBs, it dB$BlopBd thBir mBnt2l 2bility 2nd
intBllBctu2l poCBrs, 2nd m2ny oP thB 2chiB$Bd distinction in public liPB 2s
PorciblB spB2kBrs 2nd CritBrs or B$Bn 2s l2CyBrs 2nd politic2l thinkBrs,
M2$ing disco$BrBd thB bBnBPits oP such 2n Bduc2tion, 2mbitious mBn in 2ll
countriBs procBBdBd to thB uni$BrsitiBs or othBr institutions oP lB2rning to
2cquirB thB 2d$2nt2gBs oP 2 litBr2ry Bduc2tion, 2nd this tBndBncy is
discBrniblB B$Bn tod2y, though 2 sciBntiPic Bduc2tion is bBing considBrBd
morB 2d$2nt2gBous to thB nBBds oP thB prBsBnt d2y,
ThB in$Bntions oP thB modBrn 2gB h2$B indBBd rB$olutionisBd sociBty,
AumBrous goods 2rB bBing producBd, Cith r2pidity unknoCn bBPorB in
$2rious p2rts oP thB B2rth Cith thB 2id oP sciBncB 2nd sciBntists oP 2ll
countriBs 2rB continuing to B]Brt thBir br2ins to B]tBnd thB rB2lms oP sciBncB,
Q$Bry in$Bntion h2s hBlpBd to incrB2sB thB lBisurB 2nd con$BniBncB oP mBn
B$BryChBrB, 2nd thB dBm2nd Por goods is incrB2sing B$Bryd2y, ;s 2
consBquBncB, morB 2nd morB m2chinBs 2rB bBing in$BntBd to incrB2sB thB
production oP goods Cithin thB shortBst timB possiblB,
Q$Bry mBch2nic2l in$Bntion, hoCB$Br, h2s to bB opBr2tBd by skillBd mBn,
ThB l2rgBr thB m2chinB thB morB complic2tBd its opBr2tion, 2nd 2ny
mBch2nic2l P2ults in it c2n bB dBtBctBd only by mBn Cith 2 sciBntiPic
Bduc2tion, Cho 2rB but PBC in numbBr comp2rBd Cith thosB Cith 2 litBr2ry
Bduc2tion, |t is this sc2rcity oP mBn Cith 2 sciBntiPic Bduc2tion th2t h2s lBd to
thB 2ssumption th2t 2 sciBntiPic Bduc2tion tod2y is prBPBr2blB to 2 litBr2ry
Bduc2tion, ThB l2rgB P2ctoriBs rBquirB mBn to opBr2tB m2chinBry, dB2lBrs in
motorT$BhiclBs rBquirB mBn Por 2ll typBs oP Cork in thB industry, 2nd thBrB
2rB 2 di$Brsity oP othBr industriBs Chich 2rB looking Por mBn Cith 2 sciBntiPic
Bduc2tion, ThB dBm2nd Por mBn Cith 2 sciBntiPic Bduc2tion is, thBrBPorB,
grB2t, 2nd this sBr$Bs 2s 2n incBnti$B to young mBn to 2cquirB industri2l 2nd
tBchnic2l skills, Por thB possBssion oP such skills Cill not only Bn2blB thBm to
sBcurB rBmunBr2ti$B occup2tions but 2lso Bn2blB thBm to m2n2gB thBir oCn
P2ctoriBs or Corkshops in thB PuturB to incrB2sB thBir B2rnings,
;ll this, hoCB$Br, doBs not imply th2t thB m2n Cith 2 litBr2ry Bduc2tion is
losing his import2ncB r2pidly, |n truth, hB is 2n indispBns2blB pBrson B$Bn
tod2y in $2rious dBp2rtmBnts oP hum2n 2cti$ity, MB pro$idBs thB m2n2gBri2l
skill in 2n industry, contributBs his litBr2ry 2bilitiBs to thB promotion oP
litBr2cy in thB country, pro$idBs ministBri2l 2nd dudici2l sBr$icBs in thB st2tB,
2nd pBrPorms 2 host oP othBr Punctions,
Thus, it is not possiblB to s2y Cith Pin2lity th2t 2 cBrt2in typB oP Bduc2tion is
prBPBr2blB to 2nothBr, |t is Por thB indi$idu2l to m2kB thB bBst oP thB typB oP
Bduc2tion th2t hB h2s rBcBi$Bd,
-.( (/0$%1
m, indispBns2blB n2ddop r5t cHn, khng th' thi%u
r, moot n2ddop c0 th' bn mun
s, Bquip n$op tr2ng bI
t, cogBncy nnop sD $+ng chc, s3c thuy%t ph*c
v, distinction nno sD !u tE, sD ]u5t chEng, sD lki lc
w, PorciblB n2ddop sinh &/ng, c0 s3c thuy%t ph*c
x, discBrniblB n2ddop c0 th' nhn th3c &!=c, c0 th' th5y r
y, B]Brt n$op &!2 $o s) d*ng, p d*ng
z, rB2lm nnop lnh $Dc
m{, complic2tBd n2ddop ph3c tp, rc rGi
mm, sc2rcity nnop sD kh2n hi%m, sD kh0 tm
mr, di$Brsity nnop sD &2 dng
ms, incBnti$B nnop sD khuy%n kh>chu sD kh>ch l, &/ng $iLn
mt, rBmunBr2ti$B n2ddop &!=c tr# hu, c0 l=i
mv, imply n$op hm J, ng* J
mw, ministBri2l n2ddop thu/c b/ tr!Vng
mx, dudici2l n2ddop thu/c ho~c bVi m/t to n