You are on page 1of 16

[.

{g-f tltltrt;tl*nl

Name

Ap Biorogy

C h a p t e rj C u l O e OR e a d i n g

T h i sc h a p t eri s a re vi e wo f b a si cch em istr -y we will be goingthr oughthischapterver y


q u i c k l yl.f y o u h a vea n y p ro b l e ms- pleasesee m e befor eschoolfor additional
help .
1 . C o n tra stth e te rme l e me n w
t ithcompound.

rlet*lent-canrrot
r Subs\anteS.'"Jthf rrtiraI req.cton-r
k hot<rnJouln.ts ot{^

dcffesJn+s.etstqnte5Aw.brnedina {"xed ia|'}o,taal& hnltendo,pn


^ CCnp6q{nl- T"" or rno(q.
2 . L a b elth e d i a g ra mb e l o wa n d definethe ter msthat you label.
Electscnf -fie1ttl're cv\^@&
Cb*J aGneqctil(
+
I
ch a rS e (? " c-)
{f ,
'

.t

.,'Nudeus-

='/

on*^s \--

-i

ftadno

{al

{l; )

3 . C o n tra stth e te rmsa to mi cmassand atomicnum ber .


atornrL tt,r,rrnlc,"f-n.-rnlcer o{ potonS
o*on a\pn ( gttons t ot,tltcorrg)
4{orn,Z v'nass - *0\n\rn^a.ss
!

Wf'rrtis the differencebetweenthe termsatomicmass and atomicweight?

5. What is an isotopeand what is "special"aboutradioactiveisotopes?

di#evat+fi\ass/ue {o 6(ktun+ *ura@r oF netdricn-t


eterne-nt-r
Same
fadioac{\re
Cso'lop-nucterrs decat4Sre\eosirqSct clesad enerqg .
, _
- uteA{o dqte {oSsitsrastt"ieg os dtiaSnostz
lio\s in ,rndtclnl
howradioactive
6. Explain
tracers
areusedinscience?
Ao5eo OAioactiueisosfe irrjected irrlotfcHood, arr.ourtf6{
tha tq"cer ercwtdint4{

uci(l 13 tuut'surcd

Page 1 of 3

7 . E x pl a i nh o w th e mo ve me nof
t electr onsr elatesto the conceptof potential
en er gy
- u seth e d i a g ra mb e l o wto helpanswerthe question.

*.n"n%3
Eleatro*sha*re t"r*errt')r\
e(ecfcon
t'ro(Uf r 'asel'*u rro$rrQ
&cd.ar &'"p" nueler-tj.rsefectmn

-Grts\wct-'{o't}q
* nJretIErre(
{.s'{+s-F.t"r.ateus,
eneq,1i5
CLoS,sr

f eteosad

n-#,j,*

Fneqgislost

B. What determinesinteractions
betweenatoms?Why are valenceelectrons

-dnq
important?
rr.r^U,..of gatencee(ectruns deternines# reactiu\(ttre/
fectcf'orrSand-Lrldtnl
arq 14<snes fnudtreel;n cirennico."[
Ua[encee(cctons

9. Definethefollowing
terms:
a. ChemicalnonJ -4tttacfiorrsbett^recna{or* (
b. Covalent
bond- shaCrrvloF
b{'t r" atorns
a galro*rlatnce ckc*cor.-s
c. Singlebond- 6fie pir otrs[a ced etectronS
d. Doublebond * ? palrso( shaef elec{tnS
( vn,palg) e{ecfmruS
e. Valence -Vorld,nq6a6nct*4,
efrrat to *lc nurnnbero
'
(e1,uiced
fo cJ,^pfL.{e
Uo\enreslnqre
{{.y*"*s
f. Electrbnegativity
- otttachonSr eleClorf-5
g. Nonpolarcovalentbond - e\cc*OrrsShaqe^leV{4ll,V
h. Polarcovalentbond *.tectto,rs
shored unequatLa

vt

10. What is the differencebetweena structuraland molecularformula?

fy\o, r,r,ttac-

5L,.^rs tt< N'.rwt!/r qf,ol-\ge 6f atornS

't'[c nu"llop.c,qflearuAarfArra6
fi'avtrgf-a*or"r.f
Shourt
$Ftuc{uce\Page2 of 3

1 1 . H o wd o i o n i cb o n d sc o m p a r ew i t hc o v a l e nbt o n d s ?
{dAi-u-en4ati on 4\rl 4rr'o r",,,5-|ru,\Sffond
\oniC* akluatroH
bond
Co$o\ent- Slvre$ ttibnS,5s\
1 2 . C o m p a rea n d co n tra sth yd rogenbondsand van der W aalsinter actions.

1,oaK
-lpealL

i.^5&roqcn
{*. ..u"t*-*dFJJ.so
erbrr

"Jtec+*ng"ru^* "{";

*o
ooJa{mc{e&

*&+"- r etac{<qneqqtiw
n4'andpe'r' *WrrcgAre5;Au=
ruolecr'te.hns
Vor.alrir*^t'i - nonpJonrouo(err+bondaA

, h a t is an exam ple,in a livingsystem ,of how m olecul ar


1 3 . B a se do n th e re a d i h gw

shapeis critical?
t
m',rnice*k Shnps6+e larru*[5 occctrriS\OCo.lrhernic.-,
lv.otgh,ne
e'ndocght.t,,b.tk bir'd .{o recegtoss inYhe[cnin
in termsof quantities
of reactants
and
14. Definea dynamic
chemical
equilibrium
products.
o^cl
frD terr 6hasrXa-ir. c-otcentreHonsOF reactq^ts
fFsaqcts

rut frfcesacll5
(orlart+s cn4 psoduct-r clCc

Page3 of 3

ecya\tn (d^ceJ^tfatlo^

AP Biology
C h a p t e r3 G u i d e dR e a d i n g

1.

p i1"i,ass'${"i:'ftt:tic'r":*.
".ir#^"liFY*EJ"
#Hi1yilT :,?:fff&&''?A'
4ru-i'tlrJl
1"rr+'otty
;;yif;t;{. ""i.*{e*(ot* paa;aii5iEo'tl'r rthecth"-r"

F o r e a cho f th e b e l o wl i ste dpr oper ties


of water- br ieflydefinethe pr oper tyand
t h e n e xp l a i nh o w w a te r'sp olarnatur eand polarcovalentbondscontr ibute
to the
w a t ersp e ci apl ro p e rty.In cl udean exam plein natur eof each pr oper tyalso.
a. Cohesion*\d*3un
e'*{*r .l,+tt,r f,'.ulrwufrr
bond5 hptdu+a*9rrvuolra<lrs{c

unluct,rg{ {i'k'
transprt o( ,rate? ala-&$+-grauiqlr 61aler

uqbr

- vkter bnntc*s*o ce([uda\UOf W'%{n Y'^O:''l:'(#


b Adhesion
^id''rh'rci Lttb
uiX'ou
;"'R"
PSin
co$nvtf d;;;'J'[.,u
bren'Va}<
oT
s'+n+ctt
i+ r's*fti
c. Surface
tension- frrr.su(
'-" e tA/-,^>di#{"*l+
5altAerSso"&;-ii ".tly''/
^ ^",,lrculeron*4rs,,.rk(ean6,be^{at,o

ocil^+tnft

i,i"a
s"r5$cha'rx"
;,tffiyn*"Fn:l*X*itrff';';
'
*qf
r'C
itr +trlt1e
\

e so h&Al*is,-3;6-h,"' h lh'"'[igr Y:1*85,


^ t^ ^^r,t'"dto1al
arrs*okr
an4;11+r"Mliq
q
-q.rr.nti,uj
of vapori.arion
can e. F{eat

t^(

eli&

l:;{ra.Yd

"if^,.r*
p c-horvlpd; ifi'la'i
b&ys
lqdpgp^b,nds*,rs+Ib*

u ,u;rc

gfu

'yil1|tr,]?^r*t^lwksr
atotu
esccfe
Ainfr;c^erss
#$J'HSSSFf

Ivaro8^bonds/'t*Sfh brvh'n | - petct-e'n^4iin*-

.t,cSHl<4.o,^
Yk t-,^.t
leq-v$t,^^
@f-( \,,L.
7la'o*f::i,U;;'; uartvl

oF
4uapo-r'ah'on

3 . W h a t i s sp e ci aal b o u tw a te rand densitv?

4.

| , ., f ro
,t
|.
f*f t^ a?r
{1,uid
5o
|
s"rf
J'.i+"no
*#,i"-l;"J;a;i;
(ansul uiv(
btt+or{so
enimals
Irw ",a\,onlsdonikeeTaqts*k
Definethefollowinq
terms:
, , ,

a. Solute-s,rbs*qlnaekt$

disolted

b. Solvent- ditsolrit, q3{nt


c. Aqueoussolution- LdEr{cris*fpsr"lurrr*
- ulaterloui15
d. HYdroPhilic

e, Hydrophobic
Urq"hrft tl$

P a g e1 o f 2

ottof {nrqct{t{'rr
r colloid-5ptlites'stflensi
g Hydration
shel * fghefe

ttf,

i:ti
a'h d''s-;oLurJ
o{- ,oq{erfnolrcules*t t'*lit'ri f

oA
h. Molarity*-trni{-o{-con
cen'tr-a{r
5. Labelthediagrambelowto demonstrate
thedissociation
of thewatermolecule
andthenrelatethisdiagram
to pH.
I+
n

l'
r,.l

U
,,u,i
* ,..,r|,t'

tq

l.t- O

,,:.

.:
l+

o ll
W .

h^ldmnlurnio" /-l"lrci-)

;.|.,zo

b
p
{nilruU;d(
r'^i6n-)

oud,lo,rrPf{==7 /!'\orrt\af ,nt w ,alrJt.'c


inrssa54
i n t o* i"Ata{es
?M
AaStC
bose$4h pH :7
increa5{inol.r f r.J,'rc{"r
ol"t
lwoft
/hore
t
r I

6 . W h atd e fi n e sa n a ci da n d a base?

+lra+ rt|'urcs t'k +t+pl(A*'tv:h'oA


hsc - Srloslqncc
*tvtt int ft.t1s*k Il*unterttrattoA
Acfol.* S$bs+qncc
7 . w h y a re " a p p a re n tl y"
sma l lchangesin pH so impor tantin biology?

,M4 r nii aM ot+st.$rchc$r^ f tt rncq6ar sqbstqntrat


Concerrttatoonj

B. what is acidprecipitation
andwhyis it important
to livingorganisms?

S'a
grclgitti'on"M pl'l' lo'rlcrl't\4^
\,{t intatArs
1 Soilcht,hisfr?
- dan^q.eJ

Page2 of 2

AP Biology
C h a p t e r4 G u i d e dR e a d i n g

Name

1 . W h y i s o r g a n i cc h e m i s t rsyo i m p o r t a ni n
t t h e s t u d yo f b i o l o g y ?

i. h o I / i"'t'r3 + hiilqi
rodrre oqynicrornpaerndJ
o'f-,,,1i
brsnniJr?\s^g

Of
aff eo,nnrF#ci
I

2 . W h y w a st h e U r e y - M i l l e r e x p e r i mseoni tm p o r t a n t ?

. , .t/-Il , ,
r _ , a f l t'{'*)t'nri-'
. . r , . ! - "t'!
::i
.st{ii-Ltf6i?rr"-{
o{gerni{rnslf wles md{hu ue brrfi

on-Yi^f
or{u1Fordh
3 . W h a t i s sp e ci a a
l b o u tca rb onthat m akesit the centr alatom in the chemistryof

rire?
cnn6rrn Ll bonds

,laS$ersA{le
4. Usethediagrambelowto labelagdcontrast
thethreetypesof isomers. , I a
- 5af\g frrol8atat
k L /t
C6 Ht
g1.1-r,r.l..tca\i5onne.6

t
1|-L

r+fk t ,,| | t
c

| | :L

Il - *- u

l.l*AF*

,+ 1N

r,

cqfrft

_ dl4.fer in

h'nl
rr- ,tl 3,'H
a \ il:;X2r*:r'^'J*an
-c=c/
o

t*

tx

Y'

toalL

corF
lr 'c
c\tl

e/r\-*
s*-ro 1](4ttan*56'u1"furml

-[ rK' c o ( . l - r
tf Ii

Yt t - : c . ' rl
ll'

t ';

c
Nttz

Nltz
cFt3

al
Enqnt,ofne*
;|.,-ffi;xlati
i tots
- fn;r{oc

- lr*t

Page 1 of 2

At{) carbal

5 . C r e a tea ta b l eb e l o w :a fte reachfunctional


gr oup- dr awthe str uctur e,
nanr ethe
- ( doesn'thi
pr oper ties
c o mp o u n dw
, ri tea n $ e xa mpleand notethe functional
t s
l o o kl i keg re a tq u i zma te ri al?)
a . H yd ro xyl
)r
-f-{"n'*
sofr,(' '*f#...r
1la n {onvhnrlr c'i *,t,htn,/t
*sil

6r\cCIr{\ol

'

b . C a r b o n y la l d e h y d e

0
ll

tl

f\
tl

^c-l{

*rleh./e

*ilmiv',rl'i*^l'lS

qMl i,t srjfr{'.{

-6,**

1l

C arb o n ylke to n e

-: -

l?

tl

^(-'-',-1-

d . C a rb o xyl

- !-o[

("rilin sugarJ

(e*on e

- c-

CarboX'1l''c

o'L-rH

a c t6

oA

e. Amino

sl

-l{

./l+
- Nr ,

-l - N
o- C
H
tlt
rnin
o
'
l'l

f. Sulfhydryl

01r.DF

l't

-5H

yhio\

c
$ - J-dFz-sl{

at;dicProPe&iS
+
Jourlo'CtH

a&sosa baJ

oA
t, p H*-{*'^solu*)
rr
ii
i^ str(c{sre
Slabittfrs ltolf

I
rt
Y.

Ph osp h a te

0
\l

-0 - -of
I

0-

l+' i

gl'o{rt<

r
?r{f t*-O'fOFl- L-C'c.
()i;'l

Page2 of 2

neg{tuq
\ /ontnb,r{reJ
CLarXC
/
Canfqd oJi*hclroter

f{\gostnl0erg

AP Biology
C h a p t e r5 G u i d e dR e a d i n g

Name

8fb*{*ir:r.
i

1 . L a b e lt h e d i a g r a mb e l o w- i d e n t i f ay monomerpolymer
,
,
condensation
r eacti on,
a n dh y d r o l y s i s .

i[*

]f

f-f

9C
*p\u4tn
U
deh,,$tn{ion
,
[{or'}en*+iicrt)

1\0

?-

\Lo

{'i\Sfi6 f'{1e f

t
"f
P4w+'r
5

t+
H

W"U'i
RI

a3
p\mr r

l\o

f
fvVaome

What are the three hexosemonosaccharides?

SlucosrT
7 *uc{oS(
3a\cctose

3 -::::':;5.'i:'

rcdctio*
a)e[1!tat;m
v\
har'der
M'.^osa/c
;!ffi;*u'o

4. Compareandcontrastthetwostoragepolysaccharides.

enP$3
- lcrrt+s,
( ^ngy,\drotgsis rtleaces4u
storcd
5;tu.cch
f
dJ. r{ursL)e
c elts,hl*Llf's relfiJe|Vhe
n - aninatgr
f*oedirrliver
a\yry
enegt
Page 1 of 5

C o m p a rea n d co n tra stth e two slr uctur al


polysacchar ides

f.;
S+c^clgr{l

* Cet{usqt{:'i
irt"
r-stl.qtq:Sd
f/aniJ
l*i
fille t noft*r*'
-ee,{

* u.-red.
{l; s('{ung,'
*c,L:ui # e'rngfi r-t*{orrj ) u.s(d i n 1'*Ii r'';'?
*:l..i\i 1'1

W h y a re l i p i d sg ro u p e dto g ether ?

f"- t'**\r$nn\ nilig ''a"f't[L{J'lt*\u-:a*


7

W h a ta re th e b u i l d i n gb l o cksof fats?

qlt\rrr-ut.t,rd6rt\at{}"9

*l-

Contrastsaturatedand unsaturated
fats - how does this relateto the concept
t h a tstru ctu rea n d fu n cti o na r e linked?

--ftt\.single
hded cqrbns
Sa$,r"rrted
durblt6odelcarba45
*nra**td-one ol '!norq

aniivra\
f4ts-So*n*k/
- t'rnsa*qmVr'
{ctS
p\anr
Labelandidentify
the molecule
below.
-) . ,^
c[r H*t'rq
ckaline
tft,

"t{.i:d

.
:"'.h
,,f o- phosC".t{
,;,. -ctz
r,?
f
Sqrerul ,t
+ S
t=otto
?

5"s
TE-

&tq
'orids3

h'c
hadrooho

.l

{tr

t4,

-H %

ls

:{

i;

..r"",
r'V J j

'-$*ltl
.l

&.,,
Yd*
'd

- h'dtoPhilir
J ueoA
-

?"#lp

10. How wouldyou recognizea basicsteroidmolecule?

L{;nter Gnnrctedringf

Page2 of 5

h4JroPhob'r
e
t{oi
15

1 1 . L i s tt h e c i g h t t y p e s o f p r o t e i n sa n d J h e i rb . 4 s i cf u n c t i o r r .
"l'i;:'i'":'; r' -'f ra'l-fun
af f';e iirr' -i
ir3-qn''iir'f"
i'
*ti'tZ{"rtfal -"'i'"tr'I

,if+ta:{
""i^,H*l:ti,
: :j,*,,-'l,.lii::
,
.
-\-r,;rt-q;*ri"
a tli,,;f;ii-f,
.,'i?'^l.h-^ nrqon,snr

o.i -ch@r,irru(
$'lr'nrr(r'
b.oci,'eFt'J ]li',j*su cf et tt -rq

$t
f'"*i,",-ouri,tnd
I,iii,lifi;p'i:I'l*:io
.
.p,v\*c'fr*n
egains1'"
;[ ;5e*.I{
iiii'rii;;;i

1 2 . W h a ta re tffen a rn e sfo r th e m onomer sand polymer sof pr oteins?

r,xr.rin"*
rarn'J"-S

p*,14grp*tdef

1 3 L a b e lth e d i a g ra mb e l o wconceilig t!? catalytic


cycleof an enzym ef)"

t.oTill**;
*c*,v(s,'+c
t
"":
r. .r\-,

(rk^se

,-Bi[rll:,
tou|ev

r eilhil\.

oft
t+a

(5trccaSe)

]t'

\r

kvrlosu

"'-'

//' \ - -/

nzo

':w/*
5'!'5$tate

tf

1 4 . D r awtw o a mi n oa ci d s- n o tethe am inogr oup,the car boxylgr oupand the al pha


carbon,circlethe watermoleculeto be removedand then notethe peptidebond
formedwhen the tw o a rej o i ned. .,,
5A
'l'-

IW

gnino

(H:

9-

ct+z
Pfrv - L-c-olt

t..--"

tl

lFl, l+ iu,
HrN*-"-,i*l;'-;- c-o*
|

t+

\t-""

It 't

StonP h,
otf

('tre
'bonA

( c rb oA

Page3 of 5

ll

ft D

1 5 . F x p l a i nt h c f o u rl e v e l so f p r o t e i ns t r t r c t u r-e
a. Primary ..-",i*rinei
6(fe,$,:1,.Xxi'*lC{

** C. \,.r.liv '#
Sh*e*
b secondary
,
fls&trr,{
bun'CS
:;i ,\[i \i';',,etb* 'L"','J**"du,t
c Tertiary* g idealrrai
rrin*t cc1.'p[J

hjdroynboilst
l,tg$r*pf*,Uic
waakirrterorfa5
i rrteract'otJ
*n
cler
g5*.\ci\itaen\.,,"1
,v

6{dryS
Llr#:,Jis'[f;de
fc'ni,

s'rbc,n*JaErfiale
d euaternary
- pqpep*dle

A1tuila'yeir
henoStobi
,acidicor ba s i c
1 6 . H o w d o e sth e ch a ra cte ri stics
,
of an am inoacid- nonpolarpolar

relateto the issueof tertiaryandquaternary


structure?
lntenacf
Io-ff bf VFe

on anino alids
sJdechalns

yle{trrdtrf

1 7 . W h atd o e sd e n a tu ra ti omean
n
and why is it impor tant?

sAafle
Qnctfonal
*pr''dletrr
\oes i*s Aa{rve,

n W a'nesWry,tcot\'inadiv(
ed pr,./ci
derrafuc
I
t

' 1 8 .W h at a re ch a p e ro n i nasn d whatls theirr olein pr oteinstr uctur e?

gcotei^&drco(t'svhat osssf in prute;n6fd;,3


1 9 . W h ata re th e ro l e so f n u cl eicacids?

{or i*s oronrepl'tat'on


DNAf rourdvs
d irectlonS
'f

s t tarr|rolsrdvinYn+hes's
Ruftsgn*frri
0tr* direcrs
t ,J e
fnfl Nft - cornssDHft twssaf

Page4 of 5

2 0 t - a b etl h eb l a n kd i a o r a mb e l o w :
: . l r r r . r : rr ', '

,r rtrcGllltr;f

-']

!::a
i ;-r

ha";f,

if
t j -'S' .^ ft -"
.IL,'

0I

r.4

"

Tttia(

P,'wxo,{
'o'Jrf'
cl(
fiaclrcfl
)

,
\-.,,.,,,'

drorgribr>c ribos<
KNff
DNN

2 1. W h a t i s me a n tb y th e te rmthat DNA is anti- par allel?

5rt 3'
;"
o?(tcit
run
bones
bach
s'l,tsar=glwpha{e

rornancl'o+her
dir.J+'ons

Page5 of 5

AP Biology
C h a p t e r8 G u i d e dR e a d i n g

/l
Name ha,f dhe,j;"tio
\-t

1 . C o n t r a stth e ca ta b o l i ca n d a n abolicpathways.

Ccrfchriic- biu*fLdct;,t
{ta{itcucits
ortaLot,l;cliu;161
otq;,liotn,lrn*(ecu{eS

2. Definethefollowing
terms
a Energy.- ccr pafl-y io r-Acr!{C ha,trlt:
b K i n e t iecn e r g y- . n c g S 0 [ m o l i o r l
[anJCIth
lttouetnenf
c Heat/thermal
energy kirctit rrp;OlTSotiaIt! d:'l'h
,*
9,1ct-taynS
or no(( CLNIej
d. Chemical
energy{ur ruIeaS(,,tt achenir,z( feac"hari
ynler*icttenerq3ar:t,[lqbl
*
e Thermodynamics
*Iangfirfiationf tl"at' o((a 4-'1t1o,*,jq oF e rtetqcq
r)
(-rttEct$or\
o.[ rnrln*r
f. FirstLawof Thermodynamics
r: nert{ c an be t1-ons'fe;reci,.rrcitrvrr t h. e/ bctt I f cqnnuf bp r rpq(t/

o c clpsrcged
g SecondLaw of Thermodynamics
el. ytuns {o rr"ird;orrS in 6pecrJ *he
EneqltansQrf

entropS

o{ {tre gnlvtcs< '


h . F re eE n e rg y

u:orl'
freq3 *{rorFcqn
*tr for\ton o{ U sgS\e.vns
fcf{orwt
$'

Contrast
exergonic
andendergonic
reactions
in termsof:freeenergy,stability,
capacity
to do work.

- rc\etse elrwtg3
Yer3onic
e{\E\83wXttitud")absdbs{re eruq$
zi,.clzrc5onicn

Howdo youknowif a reaction


is spontaneous?

Page 1 of 4

5 L i s ta n d g i vea n e xa mp l eo f i lr ethtpemainkindsof cellularwor k done by ATP


-sSrrVlvsi5 a1(p'tr-1'vreft (on tv\of\brt4f-q
C-l^rirric,r\ iuct.i{
tuthqinnz'r S ar (o.s V'ernhcrl\s1
-!raiilf{ir-i'(
\ u.-,6rilC' * fh*fin
t
'^
,'gpll,lrrrnlrtrt uc,g1c ctrn tttrci'r''n e' rvut v i't aeLLS

L a b e lth e d i a g ra mb e l o wa n d indicatehowcellularwor k is done by ATP.

al-'ladcn;'re

(r) (f) lD

;,.._t[V

L /.;i,.re
fTTP

l-r,,
Y

(?)

[norqcnic phosghafe
fernourd .fttrT
rn

re?aa.()'

+
ar-) + E,terctrj
'%'.'/

TnotScnJc

PWoPtwt

fr bk'

7 . ' D e f i n ep h o sp h o ryl a te d .

* ^ lw4tLut(
*oclJitonof ., pbyhof
$iruP
Whatis the relationship
betweenexergonic
reactions,
ender gonic
r eactions
an d
the useandregeneration
of ATP?

9. Whatis activation
energy?
An^srrFoC onfttt
bacri e r^

fieoAeJ*hcpush yheir%ddntsp\r{c an enefts

Page2 of 4

1 0 L a b e lth e d i a g ra msb e l o wi n cluding


the changein fr ee ener gy
R', "

i'1,

i.-

r:

1"\J1n,[,11r :tct t
:,&1:l

i:

i\

Y'w-

k-,.f

..
:r

(t3',,\:)

z'i\."!

l-

\J)'
i

{E*rtr:,a'ti

,,^
, ,-;.
F
{5'

i ',

&

-r"'A^..^
e-ru<-u
,
'\c-r
iDl

\\
\

l'

".\*l

r)rqid"c+j
?to.1Wss,r(*i'e iaction

i'

Nithtttt

IlEn

vtl-1rvte7
".f

lrli*rtu\

i./

(r*n

,/'

er.afBS

l*q^'
f

fgac.hnts \
l

rrit,t^.
eh?^Jno

Frr u:i*h
"rt.?Srn-e-

bG

flr{uc?s
Fo"1n.*o{ rcact''oA
1 1 . Definethe following
terms:

a. Substrate*(eac\o(\.\-ar.rent3n&Ck
on
b. Enzymesubstratecomplex-ea\.,-a_h"d"s {os..bstru.t
c' Activesite -

Po.\ of enelffre {i^*aH.qefes fo sub<,t+trte


d' Inducedfit *ci1a^6*gi n sl^qpe o(- act\rc
51a 1ta+ u nnbtess'lLskoLe

\.' Vq\brSt

.,ju

en\re

Page3 of 4

1 2 . L a b e lth e fo l l o w i n gd i a g ra m:
\ri i n'l
3,"ts+r<,0
CIa+lvd s;+e

S"rtr:;lt'l'\P-1

stt bs\rct i'Q.


tl-ri
' - -i,'.\iYl^]'

[-c;twi)l{:f
I

****-/

.r LtN{
S,\

1 , 1 1, / t y v i d

.J,\

a.rLrsqr6iql5 /.'n rfierj

l"c

frwluc*

PtoJuc\s

13. How do temperateirfndpH (specifically)affect enzyme activitye


lrv'r'e'r'lp[)'naI tet'Pem"toPj
-.rrlcrf&d in +rnffca'{ttce.incrace-( e,lt?-,1yrprtc-*tuig5,CA?.dfFeS
14-pJc't"wsftq
\+- *"4;;t;'t*.ft
o{ a'\esp,ercitunqo\errc.lttinps
6,..p
l too !r{cX^.
- ";fric.l,r.kJ^o.1wor-lr.
g.k}5:,*;
,,r.i\r..t opdrr'a\
wo J
cchlr6pt\d<n*{utes1r"

egw.\yle5
io,.r
[$', ,
14. CohpareandcontrAst
comleti{ive
andnoncomp'etltive
inhibitors.",aayno-t o61ffi sr\<feoc*WrSb5 hocU;rug subs\tq{s {-(-tltne,ttirr5
Corvg{i\rveirt\,6ior -ced\I,^.:.r]}1*
Qc+Mes\d,eS
feoc$cr't q
r\ancc,wrpe\1\iwcnWbi\or-rc&ces.er\EJ4^e

!:U;X

{o a*,i*

i5\^,,
,
q{ack
(q^rq*t

15what
i, urrort"'.i",."srrut?offiffi*H:ig$*,.'FfifFr);rff"i"ts\*rss
m e t a bo l i sm?

q\41 b','d,ngofreX.r[a\wolec,.te1oo APcoBsrte


grokir.Qnfitcrrcctort sl\e ;s oG{eded
en'a*r+d
- lnhb,bc hi,dtrq SRbitr?J \+etrtocttile{o* oe'*4^e
shes
t*" S^"ff (tq| has {rnctarul ac-$'ne
_ ac\i.n\oc h^al,i .{oo cegu\at\5sit<E\qbi\c?es
1 6 . W h a t i s co o p E ra ti vi ty?

ar{"skuf<
-otts.rbsh**e-nelrc'.\<fi pdrnscrn enfuyr,{ barcegForJdFh.cno.\
wto\Ptut\g.!

-wo(\(s coi$. n"\fw5 V.si-hnr,tt-ro ocfns$es.rt.,ni*J


17. Howdoesfeedback
inhibition
work?

s.^:i+thdo{t q {1-ernh;b,*or1
birdanao+ t+{endprx$,otrrqle.[cdec
fl+thuco-5is

to an enfuvnettslclc+s<orf5in+4e
flM*a
Page4 of 4

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