1.

[info] hng dn chn cn khoan (drill pipe)

2. Nhn t quan trng trong vic chn drill pipe chnh l ti trng sp (collapse
load) v lc cng (tensile load) trn cn. i vi p lc n tung th thng
thng t c xt n v p lc tc ng ch yu ln vi phun (bit nozzle) hoc
ton b b khoan c (DST) rt t kh nng vt qu gii hn n (burst). Cn i
lc xon th khng xt n tr khi ging c lch (deviated) rt cao. Mt khi
lng ho c collapse load v tensile load th ta c th d dng nh c
loi cn ph hp
3. -- collapse load
4.
ngoi lc ln nht dn n sp cn khoan xut hin ti y cn (bottom)

5.
6.
7.
8.

khi c a xung ging trong trng thi rng v khi p lc ngoi ln nht
l
Pc=0.052xMWxTVD
(psi)
MW: mud weight (ppg)
TVD: True vertical depth (ft)
** p lc chng sp thng thng phi chia cho h s thit k 1.125 sau

chn drill pipe theo p lc sp c tnh h s sao cho n ln hn Pc. chn

c drill pipe tip theo kim tra lc cng
9. -- Tensile load
10. lc cng thng thng l do tc ng ca lc y ni (buoyancy), lc ny c
th tc dng ln cn theo chiu ngang xung quanh v theo chiu t trn xung
v t di ln. nhng b phn chu tc ng ch yu l ni thay i tit din
(gia cn khoan v cn nng,...). lc cng xc nh theo tng chiu su, v cn
thm cn nng vo y cn khoan m bo cc im trung ho nm trong
di cn nng, WOB v duy tr lc cng (cn nng c trng lng ln hn lc
y ni)
11. cn xc nh lc cng ln nh
The main factors considered in the drill pipe selection are the collapse load, and the tensile load
on the pipe. Burst pressures are not generally considered since these only occur when pressuring
up the string on a plugged bit nozzle or during a DST, but it is very unlikely that the burst
resistance of the pipe will be exceeded. Torsion need not be considered except in a highly deviated
well. Once the collapse and tension load have been quantified, the appropriated weight and grade
of drillpipe can be selected.

Collapse Load Factor for Drill Pipe Selection

The highest external pressure tending to collapse the string will occur at the bottom when the
string is run empty into the hole. (This only occurs when running a Drillstem Test DST tool). If a
non-return valve is run (preventing upward flow of fluid into the drill pipe) it is
normally standard practice to fill up the pipe at regular intervals when running in. The highest
anticipated external pressure on the pipe is given by

Pc = 0.052 x MW x TVD
where:
Pc = collapse pressure (psi)
MW = mud weight (ppg)
TVD = true vertical depth (ft) at which Pc acts
This assumes that there is no fluid inside the pipe to resist the external pressure (i.e. no back up).
The collapse resistance of new and used drillpipe are given in Tables drill pipe data. The collapse
resistance of the drillpipe is generally derated by a design factor (i.e. divide the collapse rating by
1.125). A suitable grade and weight of drill pipe must be selected whose derated collapse
resistance is greater than Pc. This string must then be checked for tension.

Tension Load for Drill Pipe Selection

The tensile resistance of drill pipe, as given in Table 11 and 12 is usually derated by a design factor
(i.e. divide the tension rating by 1.15). The tension loading can be calculated from the known
weights of the drill collars and drill pipe below the point of interest. The effect of buoyancy on the
drillstring weight, and therefore the tension, must also be considered. Buoyancy forces are exerted
on exposed horizontal surfaces and may act upwards or downwards. These exposed surfaces occur
where there is a change in cross-sectional area between different sections (Figure Axial Load on
the Drill String). By starting at the bottom of the string and working up to the top, the tension
loading can be determined for each depth. This is represented graphically by the tension
loading line (Figure Axial Load on the Drill String). If the drillpipe is to remain in tension throughout
the drilling process, drill collars will have to be added to the bottom of the drill string. The bouyant
weight of the drill collars must exceed the bouyant force on the drill pipe and the neutral
point shown in Figure below must be within the length of the drill collars. The drill collars required
to provide WOB discussed above must be added to the drill collars required to maintain the drill
string in tension.
When do drill pipe selection, the maximum tensile load that the string could be subjected to will
have to be considered. In addition to the design load calculated on the basis of the string hanging
freely in the wellbore the following safety factors and
margins are generally added:

Design Factor a design factor is generally added to the loading line calculated above
(multiply by 1.3). This allows for extra loads due to rapid acceleration of the pipe.
Margin of Overpull a margin of overpull (MOP) is generally added to the loading line
calculated above. This allows for the extra forces applied to the drill string when pulling on
stuck pipe. The MOP is the tension in excess of the drill string weight which is exerted. The
MOP may be 50,000 100,000 lbs

Axial Load on the Drill String

Safety Factor a safety factor for slip crushing is generally added to the loading line
calculated above. This allows for the interaction of hoop stress (Sh) caused by the slips and
the tensile stress (St) caused by the weight of the string. This effect reduces the allowable
tension load by a factor (Sh/St) which can be calculated as

follows:

safety factor for slip crushing

where:
D = O.D. of pipe (in)
L = length of slips (in)
K = lateral load factor
Slips are normally either 12 in. or 16 in. long, and for normally lubricated slips K = 4.00. Table 9
gives a direct result for Sh/St, but this assumes new pipe. If used pipe is being considered the
actual D must be measured and Sh/St calculated from the above equation. Having obtained this
factor it is applied to the tension loading line.
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