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ˆ\®hÆ£∫ 07, 2009 Cu hfl C¯n®¶

®Õ> ∏´°ƒÁ´•D √B[√|›>ÈVD


¬s˜hıÏ B®£˜µmi[ ]Ïhzxhfl “Check if Opera is default browser on startup”
Gfl÷ E“Õ Chzv¿ iU A¯hØıÕÆ
C¯n¢˜u Cflh∫ˆ|m GU϶˜Õıµ∏Æ
uµ®£kQ”x. Ax i£ı¿m §µƒ\µıP® Hÿ£kzuƒÆ. §fl K˜P QŒU ˆ\¥vhƒÆ.
£vØ®£kQ”x. B⁄ı¿ Au¯⁄zuıfl |ıÆ K˜P. ˜¡÷ §µƒ\¯µ i£ı¿m §µƒ\µıP
£Øfl£kzu ˜¡skÆ Gfl£v¿¯ª. G¢u ˆ\m ˆ\¥x £Øfl£kzvØ §fl⁄∫ ˜¡÷ ]ª
§” §µƒ\¯µ≤Æ |ıÆ hƒs˜ªım ˆ\¥x Pıµn[P–UPıP Cflh∫ˆ|m
Au¯⁄˜Ø |Æ ©ı”ıu §µƒ\µıP® ˆ\m GU϶˜Õıµ¯µ ´skÆ i£ı¿m §µƒ\µıP
ˆ\¥x £Øfl£kzuªıÆ. C∆¡¯P∞¿ A¯©zvh ¬∏Ƨ⁄ı¿ Gfl⁄ ˆ\¥¡x?
£Ø∫£ıUÏ, B®£µı, ˆ|mϘP® BQد¡ Cflh∫ˆ|m GU϶˜Õıµ¯µz v”¢x, Av¿
|©USU Q¯hUQfl”⁄. C¯¡ Tools / Internet Options / Programs
u¬µ Cfl›Æ £ª uÕ[P–Æ Gfl÷ ˆ\¿ªƒÆ. §fl “Reset
E“Õ⁄. C¡ÿ¯” hƒs Web Settings...” Gfl” £mh¤¿
˜ªım ˆ\¥x CflÏhı¿ QŒU ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. §fl “Internet
ˆ\¥x¬mhı¿, A¢u Explorer should check...”
§µƒ\¯µ G®£i i£ı¿m Gfl£v¿ QŒU ˆ\¥vhƒÆ.
§µƒ\µıP ˆ\m ˆ\¥¡x \õ, GuÿPıP Jfl¯”
Gfl÷ £ı∫UPªıÆ. i£ı¿m §µƒ\∫ G⁄
£Ø∫£ıUÏ §µƒ\õ¿ A¯©UQ˜”ıÆ. ]ª
Tools/Options ˆ\fl÷ General Cˆ©∞¿P“ A¿ªx
Gfl£ufl Rà “Default Browser” ˆhUÏmi¿ C¯nØuÕ
Gfl÷ E“Õ ChzvÿS ïP¡õP“ C∏USÆ. C¡ÿ‘¿
GvµıP E“Õ £ıUÍ¿ iU QŒU ˆ\¥uı¿, A¢u
A¯hØıÕÆ Hÿ£kzuƒÆ. ]Ïhzv¿ G¢u §µƒ\∫
ˆ|mϘP® G¤¿ i£ı¿m §µƒ\µıP E“Õ˜uı
Gfl.GÏ. ˜|¬˜Pmhõ¿ Edit / Preferences Ax CØUP®£mk A¢u uÕÆ v”UP®£kÆ.
˜u∫¢ˆukzx ˜©ªıP ¡ªx ⯪∞¿ |ıÆ ¡«UP©ıP® £Øfl£kzxÆ §µƒ\∫
E“Õ “Set Default Browser” Gfl£v¿ QŒU C¿ªı©¿ ˜¡÷ Jfl÷ i£ı¿m §µƒ\µıP
ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. B®£µı¬¿ Tools / Preferences C∏¢uı¿, £Øfl£kzx£¡∏US ]µ©©ıP
ˆ\fl÷ “Advanced” ˜h® ˆ\ªUm C∏UPªıÆ. G⁄˜¡ uıfl |ıÆ ¬∏ƶÆ
ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. Cv¿ “Programs” Gfl£ufl Rà §µƒ\¯µ i£ı¿m §µƒ\µıP ©ıÿ÷Q˜”ıÆ.

sıº¶V¸ ®¬¸AºeV´Ï ®[–D Á√_ º\º™¤Ï √ ¬ Ô D 6


E“˜Õ

÷[¶Ïÿ‚ cÈ˛[ ÿ>Va_ O‚√ ÿƒVuÔ^ √ ¬ Ô D 9


Á√_ÔÁ· ÷≈¬˛© √]Õm ¿¬zD kaÔ^ √ ¬ Ô D 1 4
¡ı\P∫P˜Õ . . . P Æ ® ≥ m h ∫ ~ ı ¿ P “
PÆ®≥mh∫ £Øfl£ık S‘zu u[P-Œfl \¢˜u-P[P- PÆ®≥mh∫ £Øfl£ımi-¯⁄U Pÿ÷U ˆPıkUSÆ
¯Õ-≤Æ ˜P“¬-P-¯Õ-≤Æ G -x-¯P-∞¿ _∏UP-©ıP ¡¯P-∞¿ ˆ¡Œ-∞-h®£-kÆ ~ı¿P“ ©ÿ÷Æ ]iUP“
G -x-©ı÷ ˜¡sk-Q-˜”ıÆ. PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª-õ¿ S‘zu S‘®¶-P“ PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª-õ¿ ChÆ ˆ£”
Cfl›Æ G¢u u¯ª®§¿ G u ˜¡skÆ Gfl£x A¡ÿ‘fl C∏ §µ-v-P-¯ÕU RÃUPsh ïP-¡-õUS
S‘zu u[P“ ˜u¯¡-P-¯Õ-≤Æ G -u®£-kÆ Pmk-¯µ- A›®¶-©ı÷ Afl¶-hfl ˜¡sh®£-k-Q-”x. ]i¯Ø
P“ ©ÿ÷Æ S‘®¶-P“ S‘zu u[P“ P∏zxUP-¯Õ- A›®¶-¯P-∞¿ Au¯⁄ E∏-¡ıUQ-Ø-¡∫,uØı-õzu {÷-
¡-⁄Æ, Q¯hUSÆ Ch[P“, ¬¯ª, ˆ¡Œ-∞mh |ı“
≤Æ G[P-–USz ˆuõ-Ø®£-kzu-ªıÆ.
BQ-د¡ S‘zu Pi-uÆ Ehfl A›®£®£h
G v A›®£ ˜¡siØ ïP-¡õ: ˜¡skÆ. 2008Æ Bsi¿ ˆ\®hÆ£∏US §fl
ˆ¡Œ¡¢u¡ÿ¯” ©mkÆ A›®£ƒÆ.
ˆ£ı÷®£ı]õØ∫, v⁄©ª∫ ñ PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫, 8, Pı\ı ˜©·∫ ˜µık, GU˜©ı∫, ˆ\fl¯⁄ 600 008.
|Æ PÆ®≥mh∫ ˜¡¯ª £ı∫®£uÿPı⁄ ™fl\ıµÆ {fl÷ ˜£ı¥ A¿ªx
AizuÕ©ıP A¯©¡x Ìı∫m iÏUuıfl. ©u∫˜£ı∫i¿ H˜u›Æ §µa]¯⁄
PÆ®≥mh¯µ CØUPzˆuıh[Q؃hfl Hÿ£mhı¿, B®£˜µmi[ ]Ïh©ı⁄x
ˆuıh∫¢x _«fl÷ ˆPısk C∏®£x Ìı∫m iÏU "A UPıQ¬mhx' (“dirty”)
Cxuıfl. ˆ¡®£Æ, y_ C¡ÿ‘ÿˆP¿ªıÆ Gfl÷ S‘zxU ˆPı“–Æ. Akzu ﯔ
Dk ˆPıkzx, B®£˜µmi[ PÆ®≥mh¯µ ßm ˆ\¥¯P∞¿
]Ïhz¯u CØUQ, ˜hmhı S‘®§mh A¢u iÏUQfl
¯£¿P¯Õ ¡ı[Q, £v¢x, £Sv¯Øa ˜\ıu¯⁄ ˆ\¥x
´skÆ GkzxU ˆPıkzx Aufl uÿ˜£ı¯uØ {¯ª
E«fl÷Æ _«fl÷Æ ¡∏¡x S‘zx A‘¬USÆ. C¢u
Ìı∫m iÏU. ˜\ıu¯⁄¯Ø |ı©ıPƒÆ
C®£i ˆ¡∆˜¡÷ ˆ\¥vhªıÆ. CuÿS ïuº¿
¡¯PØı⁄ £oP<¯Õ P©ısm ®µıÆ®m Gfl›Æ
˜©ÿˆPı“¡uı¿ Ax hıÏ Pmh¯Õ® ¶“Œ¯Ø®
£ª¡¯PØı⁄ £ıv®§ÿSÆ ˆ£” ˜¡skÆ. Ïhı∫m
E“ÕıPªıÆ A¿ª¡ı? A zvU Q¯hUSÆ µfl
A®£i BSƘ£ıxuıfl ¬s˜hı¬¿ “cmd” G⁄ ¯h®
vjˆµ⁄ J∏ |ı“ Ïi¯µU ˆ\¥x Gflh∫ ˆ\¥uı¿ P∏®¶
ˆ\¥x G¢u¬u©ı⁄ ¡snzv¿ hıÏ ¬s˜hı
ïfl⁄‘¬®¶Æ Cfl‘ Q¯hUSÆ. Av¿ £Œa]kÆ
CØ[Pı©¿ {fl÷¬kÆ. P∫\õfl A∏˜P fsutil dirty query c:

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A¿ªx AiUPi H˜u›Æ ¯£¿P¯Õz G⁄ ¯h® ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. CuÿPı⁄ ¬¯hØıP
uµı©¿, Au¯⁄ Gkzxz uµïiØıu Volume - c: is NOT Dirty G⁄U Q¯hUP
{¯ª∞¿ C∏®£uıP A‘¬®¶ ¡«[Q¬mk ˜¡skÆ.
{fl÷¬kÆ. C¤ ˆ\UiÏU Pmh¯Õ ˆPık®£x £ÿ‘
CuÿS® £õPıµÆ uıfl Gfl⁄? Cx £ı∫UPªıÆ. ˜©˜ª T‘Øx˜£ıª hıÏ
˜£ıfl” ]fl⁄ ]fl⁄ §µa]¯⁄P“ ¬s˜hı¬fl P©ısm ®µıÆ®m ˆ£ÿ÷
Hÿ£kƘ£ı˜u, A¡ÿ¯”a \õ ˆ\¥uı¿ Av¿ chkdsk c: G⁄z uµ ˜¡skÆ. A¿ªx
˜£ıxÆ. Ìı∫m iÏU B[Pı[˜P ˆPmk® chkdsk c: /f /r G⁄ƒÆ uµªıÆ. Cv¿ /f Gfl›Æ
˜£ıSÆ Ch[PˆÕ¿ªıÆ A¯hØıÕÆ Pmh¯Õ iÏUQ¯⁄a ˜\ıu¯⁄
Pın®£mk, A¡ÿ¯” Cufl CØUPzvÿS ˆ\¥¯P∞¿ H˜u›Æ §¯«P¯ÕU
Em£hı©¿ ¯¡zuı˜ª ˜£ıxÆ. CuÿPı⁄ Pshı¿, uı⁄ıP˜¡ Au¯⁄ \õ ˆ\¥vkÆ.
\õØı⁄ \ıu⁄z¯u ¬s˜hıÏ CØUPÆ /r Pmh¯Õ £ uıQ® ˜£ı⁄, ´skÆ
ˆPısk“Õx. Axuıfl "ˆ\UiÏU' £Øfl£kzu ïiØıu iÏUQfl £SvP¯ÕU
Gfl›Æ ¶˜µıQµıÆ. Psh‘¢x (bad sectors) Avæ“Õ
chkdsk.exe Gfl›Æ ¯£¯ª® £Øfl£kzv uP¡¿P¯Õ ´mkz uµ ïØÿ]USÆ.
Ìı∫m iÏUQ¿ Hÿ£mk“Õ ]UPªı⁄ ˆ\U iÏU ¶˜µıQµıÆ ˆ\Ø¿£k¡uÿS
{¯ªP¯Õ A‘تıÆ. ˜u∫¢ˆukUP®£mh iÏU ªıU ˆ\¥Ø®£h ˜¡skÆ. G⁄˜¡
i¯µ¬¿ A¿ªx ï  iÏU¯P C¢u ¯£¿ C¢u Pmh¯Õ ˆPıkzu §fl⁄∫,
˜\ıu¯⁄ ˆ\¥x, §µa]¯⁄P“ C∏¢uı¿ PÆ®≥mh¯µ üÏhı∫m ˆ\¥vmhı¿,
A¡ÿ¯”a \õ ˆ\¥vkÆ. G⁄˜¡ ˆ\UiÏU uı⁄ıP CØ[Q (CuÿS AvP
PÆ®≥mh∫ £Øfl £kzxÆ J∆ˆ¡ı∏¡∏Æ ˜|µÆ GkUPªıÆ) ˜\ıu¯⁄¯Ø ïizu§fl
©ıuÆ J∏ ﯔ ˜Ø›Æ C¢u ¯£¯ª ´skÆ ¡«UP©ı⁄ ¬s˜hıÏ v¯µUS
CØUQ® £ı∫zu¿ |¿ªx. Cufl ¡¢x¬kÆ.
£ØflP¯Õ≤Æ, A¡ÿ¯”® ˆ£” C¢u PÆ®≥mh¯µ üßm ˆ\¥uƒhfl, iÏU
¯£¯ª G®£i CØUP ˜¡skÆ ˜\ıu¯⁄ |h¢x ïi¢x ˜\ıu¯⁄ ïiƒP“
Gfl£u¯⁄≤Æ C[S PınªıÆ. Pımh®£kÆ.

v⁄©ª∫ & PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫ 3 ˆ\®hÆ£∫ 07, 2009


P©ısm ®µıÆ®m ˆ\¿ªı©¿, Qµı§P¿ ˆªmh∫ (C: D: E: ˜£ıª). Cv¿ ¡ı¿≥Æ
˜uıÿ”zvæÆ ˆ\UiÏU ˜\ıu¯⁄¯Ø ˆ£Ø¯µ≤Æ uµªıÆ.
˜©ÿˆPı“ÕªıÆ. CuÿS /f - G⁄U ˆPıkU¯P∞¿ iÏUQ¿ E“Õ
1. ‘My Computer’ IPı¤¿ ¯µm QŒU §¯«P“ S‘UP®£kQfl”⁄. CuÿS iÏU
ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. Q¯hUSÆ ˆ©›¬¿ ªıU ˆ\¥Ø®£h ˜¡skÆ. ˆ\UiÏU
‘Properties’ ˜u∫¢ˆukUPƒÆ. ¶˜µıQµı™⁄ı¿ A¢u iÏU i¯µ∆ ªıU
2. C¢u ¬s˜hı ˜ªım B⁄ƒhfl ‘Tools’ ˆ\¥Ø®£h ïiØı¬mhı¿, J∏ ]‘Ø
Gfl›Æ ˜h®§¿ QŒU ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. §fl ˆ©˜\‰ Pımh®£kÆ. Av¿ Akzuﯔ
‘Error Checking’ §õ¬¿ ‘Check Now’ Gfl£v¿ }[P“ PÆ®≥mh¯µ Ïhı∫m
QŒU ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. ˆ\¥vk¯P∞¿ C¢u i¯µ¬¯⁄ ˆ\U
3. §fl J∏ ]‘Ø ¬s˜hı Q¯hUSÆ. ˆ\¥x ˆPı“Õªı©ı Gfl÷ ˜PmP®£kÆ.
Av¿ E“Õ Cµsk ˆ\U £ıUÏPŒ¿ iU /v - G⁄U ˆPıkzuı¿ J∆ˆ¡ı∏ ¯hµUhõ
ˆ\¥x ‘Start Now’ Gfl£v¿ QŒU ∞¿ E“Õ J∆ˆ¡ı∏ ¯£¯ª≤Æ ˆ\U
ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. ˆ\¥¯P∞¿, A¢u ¯£ºfl ˆ£Ø∫
C®˜£ıx E[P–US J∏ ˆ\¥v Pımh®£kÆ.
Pımh®£kÆ. Av¿ }[P“ PÆ®≥mh¯µ /r - G⁄z u∏Ƙ£ıx £ u¯h¢u iÏU
üÏhı∫m ˆ\¥uƒhfl G∫µ∫ ˆ\UQ[ §õƒP“ (bad sectors) Psh‘Ø®£mk Av¿
ˆuıh[SÆ G⁄U Pımh®£kÆ. E“Õ uP¡¿P“ ´mk GkUP®£kÆ.
PÆ®≥mh¯µ üÏhı∫m ˆ\¥vhƒÆ. G∫µ∫ CuÿSÆ iÏU ªıU ˆ\¥Ø®£mi∏UP
ˆ\UQ[ ˜¡¯ª Ehfl uı⁄ıPz ˆuıh[SÆ. ˜¡skÆ.
iÏU ªıU ˆ\¥Ø®£k¡uı¿, E[PÕı¿ /x - C¢u Pmh¯Õ Gfl.i.G®.GÏ. (NTFS)
PÆ®≥mhõ¿ G¢u ˜¡¯ª¯Ø≤Æ ¯£¿ ¡¯P C∏USÆ ]Ïh[PŒ¿ ©mk˜©
˜©ÿˆPı“Õ ïiØıx. £o ïi¢uƒhfl, ˆPıkUP®£h ˜¡skÆ. /x Pmh¯Õ //f Gfl”
]ÏhÆ uı⁄ıP ´skÆ ü ßm ˆ\¥Ø®£mk Pmh¯ÕUS©ı⁄ £o¯Ø≤Æ ˜\∫z˜u
¬s˜hıÏ v¯µ Q¯hUSÆ. ˜©ÿˆPı“–Æ.
˜©˜ª T”®£mh ¬ÕUPÆ ˆ\U iÏU /i – (NTFS) ¯£¿PŒ¿ ©mk˜© ˆ\Ø¿
S‘zx, \ıuıµn©ıPU PÆ®≥mh¯µ® £kÆ. Cx, CflˆhUÏ ˆ\¥Ø®£mk“Õ
£Øfl£kzx£¡∏UPı⁄, ˆ£ıx¡ı⁄ ¡ÿ¯”a \ÿ÷ {uı⁄©ıP˜¡ ˆ\U ˆ\¥vkÆ.
¬ÕUPÆ uıfl. ˆ\UiÏU ˜¡¯ª /c - CxƒÆ (NTFS) ¯£¿PŒ¿ ©mk˜©
|hU¯P∞¿ Cfl›Æ B«©ı⁄ ]ª

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ˆ\Ø¿£ıkP–Æ ˜©ÿˆPı“Õ®£hªıÆ. ˆ\Ø¿£kÆ. /c Gfl” Pmh¯Õ‰ ˜£ı¿h∫
GkzxU PımhıP, ˆ\UiÏU Pmh¯Õ ÏmµU\∫PŒ¿ E“Õ ¯\UQ“P¯Õ ˆ\U
ˆPıkzu§fl PÆ®≥mh∫ üÏhı∫m BQ ˆ\¥Øıx. Cu⁄ı¿ ˆ\UiÏU ¯£¿
iÏU ˆ\U ˆ\¥Ø®£kQ”u¿ª¡ı! CØ[S¡uÿPı⁄ ˜|µz¯uU PımiæÆ
A®˜£ıx CØ[SÆ ¯£¿ Autochk.exe S¯”¡ı⁄ ˜|µzv˜ª˜Ø Cx CØ[Q
BSÆ. C¢u ¯£¯ª |Æ ¬∏®£®£i ïiUSÆ.
CØ[Qh ¯¡zvh |ıÆ ˆµ‚Ïmõ¯ØU /l[:size] – Gfl” Pmh¯Õ≤Æ (NTFS)
¯PØıÕ ˜¡siØv∏USÆ. G⁄˜¡ Cx ¯£¿PŒ¿ ©mk˜© ˆ\Ø¿£kÆ. }[P“
S‘zu uP¡¿P“ C[S uµ®£h¬¿¯ª. ¯h® ˆ\¥≤Æ AÕ¬¿ ªıU ¯£¯ª
C¤ P©ısm ®µıÆ®mi¿ ˆ\U iÏU A¯©USÆ. ¯\Ï Gfl” £ıµı´mh¯µ
Pmh¯Õ ˆPıkU¯P∞¿ Au¯⁄ ˜¡÷ ]ª A¯©UPı¬mhı¿ /l Gfl£x A¢u ªıU
£oP¯ÕU S‘®£ıPa ˆ\¥vh ¯£ºfl Jõ‚⁄¿ ¯\¯ÈU PımkÆ.
Pmh¯ÕP¯Õ G®£i A¯©UPªıÆ Gfl÷
£ı∫UPªıÆ. ]ª ïUQØ S‘®¶P“:
ˆ\UiÏU Pmh¯Õ RÃUPsh¡ı÷ ˆ\UiÏU ¯£¯ª CØUP J∏
A¯©ØªıÆ; chkdsk [volume:][[Path] PÆ®≥mh∏US“ }[P“ Am™¤Ïm
FileName] [/f] [/v] [/r] [/x] [/i] [/c] [/l[:size]] ˜µmhµıP ªıU Cfl ˆ\¥v∏UP ˜¡skÆ.
Cv¿ chkdsk Gfl£x iÏUQfl i¯µ∆ ˆ\UiÏU CØUPÆ ¯£º¿ E“Õ
v⁄©ª∫ & PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫ 4 ˆ\®hÆ£∫ 07, 2009
u¡÷P¯Õa \õ ˆ\¥vh ˜¡skÆ Gfl”ı¿, ˜£ı⁄ ˜hmhı H˜u›Æ C∏UQ”uı Gfl÷
}[P“ PÆ®≥mhõ¿ E“Õ G¢u ¯£¯ª≤Æ £ı∫zx Au¯⁄ ˜¡÷ J∏ ˆ£Øõ¿ ˜\∆
v”¢x ¯¡zv∏UPU Thıx. ¯£¿P“ ˆ\¥x ¯¡UPªıÆ. A¿ªx ˆuı¯ª¢x
A∆¡ı÷ v”¢v∏¢uı¿ RÃUPıqÆ ˆ©˜\‰ ´mP®£mh ˜hmhı \ı∫¢u ¯£º¿ \õØı⁄
E[P–USU Pımh®£kÆ. Chzv¿ C¯nzx ¯¡UPªıÆ.
Chkdsk cannot run because the volume is in R˜« GkzxU PımhıP ˆ\U iÏU
use by another process. Would you like to sched- õ®˜£ı∫m ©ıh¿ Jfl÷ uµ®£kQ”x.
ule this volume to be checked the next time the Volume Serial Number is B1AF-AFBF
system restarts? (Y/N) 72214528 bytes total disk space
uÿ˜£ıx \Æ£¢u®£mh iÏU Cflˆ⁄ı∏ 73728 bytes in 3 hidden files
ˆ\Ø¿£ımi¿ CØ[QU ˆPısi∏®£uı¿, 30720 bytes in 12 directories
11493376 bytes in 386 user files
ˆ\UiÏU ¯£¿ CØUP ïiØıx. G⁄˜¡ 61440 bytes in bad sectors
Cflˆ⁄ı∏ ˜|µzv¿ C¢u iÏU ˆ\U ˆ\¥x 60555264 bytes available on disk
ˆPı“Õªı©ı? (\õ / ˜¡shıÆ) 2048 bytes in each allocation unit
§”S Cflˆ⁄ı∏ ﯔ Cu¯⁄a ˆ\U 35261 total allocation units on disk
ˆ\¥x ˆPı“ÕªıÆ Gfl÷ }[P“ 29568 available allocation units on disk
˜u∫¢ˆukzuı¿,ˆ\UiÏU Akzu ﯔ Cx˜¡ NTFS ¯£¿ ]ÏhÆ BP C∏¢uı¿,
{[P“ PÆ®≥mh¯µ ü Ïhı∫m ˆ\¥¯P∞¿ RÃUPsh£i õ®˜£ı∫m C∏USÆ.
i¯µ¬¯⁄ ˆ\U ˆ\¥x u¡÷P¯Õa _miU The type of the file system is NTFS.
PımkÆ. CHKDSK is verifying files...
File verification completed.
iÏUQ“ E“Õ §¯«P“ G®£i _miU CHKDSK is verifying indexes...

«VÏ‚ Ω¸¬ WÁÈ ∂§B ÿƒ¬ Ω¸¬


Pımh®£kÆ?
Index verification completed.
ˆ\UiÏU iÏUQfl £µ®¶ ï ¡xÆ
CHKDSK is verifying security descriptors...
˜\ıu¯⁄ ˆ\¥vkÆ. FAT ©ÿ÷Æ NTFS ¯£¿ Security descriptor verification completed.
¡¯PP¯Õa ˜\ıvzx, CµsiÿS©ı⁄ 12372 kilobytes total disk space.
u¤zu¤ A‘U¯P∞¯⁄z u∏Æ. 3 kilobytes in 1 user files.
A‘U¯P∞¿ G¢u G¢u AÕ¬¿ §¯«P“ 2 kilobytes in 1 indexes.
E“Õ⁄ Gfl÷ £miغh®£kÆ. /f 4217 kilobytes in use by the system.
C¿ªı©¿ Pmh¯Õ A¯©UP®£mi∏¢uı¿, 8150 kilobytes available on disk.
§¯«P“ ˜£ıfl” ]ª¡ÿ¯”≤Æ PımkÆ. 512 bytes in each allocation unit.
Hˆ⁄fl”ı¿ Au⁄ı¿ iÏUQ¯⁄ ªıU 24745 total allocation units on disk.
ˆ\¥vh Cتıx. 16301 allocation units available on disk.
˜©æÆ /f C¢u Pmh¯Õ ˆPıkzuı¿ uıfl Cflˆ⁄ıfl¯”≤Æ P¡⁄zv¿ ˆPı“Õ
iÏU G∫µ∫P“ Psh‘Ø®£k¯P∞¿ A¯¡ ˜¡skÆ. ˜©ı\©¯h¢u ChÆ G⁄
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