Steve Jobs Deposition April 2011

Case4:05-cv-00037-YGR Document846-9 Filed10/22/14 Page1 of 13
Steve Jobs - Volume I

April 12, 2011
HIGHLY CONFIDENTIAL - ATTORNEYS' EYES ONLY
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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
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NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

SAN JOSE DIVISION
THE APPLE iPOD iTUNES
Lead Case No.
ANTI-TRUST LITIGATION.
C-05-00037-JW (HRL)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
VIDEOTAPED DEPOSITION OF
STEVE JOBS
VOLUME I
April 12, 2011
10:03 a.m.
1 Infinite Loop
Cupertino, California
Ana M. Dub, RMR, CRR, CSR 7445
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APPEARANCES OF COUNSEL
For the Direct Purchaser Plaintiffs:
ROBBINS GELLER RUDMAN & DOWD LLP
BONNY E. SWEENEY, ESQ.
ALEXANDRA S. BERNAY, ESQ.
CARMEN A. MEDICI, ESQ.
655 West Broadway, Suite 1900
San Diego, California 92101
619.231.1058
bsweeney@rgrdlaw.com
xanb@rgrdlaw.com
cmedici@rgrdlaw.com
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WITNESS: STEVE JOBS

EXAMINATION
By Ms. Sweeney
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Description
Page
Exhibit 1
E-mail Chain, Top E-mail
Dated July 23, 2004 to
Jeff Robbin from Eddy Cue,
Production Nos. Apple_AIIA
00090405-07
Exhibit 2
E-mail Dated July 24, 2004
to Eddy Cue, et al., from
Katie Cotton, Production
No. Apple_AIIA01384973
Exhibit 5

Dated July 26, 2004 to Steve
Jobs from Zach Horowitz,
01384975-76
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Also Present:
MATTHEW COPE, VIDEOGRAPHER
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Dated July 26, 2004 to Philip
Schiller, et al., from Steve
Jobs, Production Nos. Apple_AIIA
00093875-76
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Exhibit 4
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For the Defendant Apple, Inc., and the Deponent:

O'MELVENY & MYERS LLP
GEORGE A. RILEY, ESQ.
Two Embarcadero Center, 28th Floor
San Francisco, California 94111-3823
415.984-8700
griley@omm.com

Dated July 25, 2004 to Philip
Schiller from Eddy Cue,
00090429-31
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PAGE
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Exhibit 3
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For the Indirect Purchaser Plaintiffs:

ZELDES & HAEGGQUIST, LLP
AARON M. OLSEN, ESQ.
625 Broadway, Suite 905
San Diego, California 92101
619.342.8000
aaron@zhlaw.com
INDEX OF EXAMINATION
Exhibit 6
July 29, 2004 Press Release
Exhibit 7
CNETNews.com Article
Exhibit 8
Exhibit 9
The Wall Street Journal

Article
Chicago Tribune Binary Beat
Column
Exhibit 10 Redacted E-mail Chain, Top

E-mail Dated August 17, 2004,
00920838-43
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Toll Free: 800.300.1214

Facsimile: 619.239.4117
Suite 1600
402 West Broadway
San Diego, CA 92101
www.esquiresolutions.com

April 12, 2011
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS - CONTINUED

Exhibit
Description
Page
Exhibit 11 E-mail Dated April 9, 2004
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to Steve Jobs from Rob Glaser,
Production No. Apple_AIIA
01385106
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Exhibit 12 E-mail Dated July 29, 2004

to Katie Cotton, et al.,
from Steve Jobs, Production
No. Apple_AIIA00090471
Exhibit 13 E-mail Dated April 27, 2004
to Steve Jobs from Katie
Cotton, Production
Nos. Apple_AIIA00098581-85
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Exhibit 14 E-mail Dated July 27, 2004,

to Steve Jobs, et al., from
Katie Cotton
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(Original exhibits included with original

transcript.)
indirect purchaser plaintiffs.

MR. RILEY: George Riley representing
Mr. Jobs and Apple.
THE VIDEOGRAPHER: And will we now swear
in the witness.
STEVE JOBS
sworn by the Certified Shorthand Reporter,
testified as follows:
EXAMINATION
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Good morning, Mr. Jobs. I introduced
myself before we got on the record. And as you
know, this is a short deposition, just two hours.
But at any time if you want to take a break, just
let me know and we'll break.
A. Thanks.
Q. What's your current position at Apple?
A. I'm the CEO.
Q. And were you CEO during the entire year of
2004?
A. Yes.
Q. Okay. And do you have any understanding
of what this lawsuit is about that we're here for
today?
A. Not much.
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DEPOSITION OF STEVE JOBS

April 12, 2011
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PROCEEDINGS
(Whereupon, Deposition Exhibits 1
through 10 were pre-marked for
identification.)
THE VIDEOGRAPHER: Good morning. This is
Disk 1 in the videotaped deposition of Steve Jobs,
in the Apple iPod iTunes Antitrust Litigation.
This deposition is being held at Apple
headquarters, One Infinite Loop, Cupertino,
California. It's April 12th, 2011 at 10:03 A.M.
My name's Matt Cope. I'm the videographer
from Esquire in San Francisco. The court reporter
today is Ana Dub.
Counsel, will you please introduce
yourselves.
MS. SWEENEY: Bonny Sweeney, representing
the direct purchaser plaintiffs.
MS. BERNAY: Alexandra Bernay, also
representing the direct purchaser plaintiffs.
MR. MEDICI: Carmen Medici, also
representing the direct purchaser plaintiffs.
MR. OLSEN: Aaron Olsen representing the
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Q. What's your understanding of the claims in

the case?
A. I don't know what the claims in the case
are.
Q. Okay. Are you familiar with a company
called RealNetworks?
A. Yeah.
Q. And do you recall in 2004 --
A. Do they still exist?
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Q. As far as I know.
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A. Okay.
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Q. In some form.
Do you recall in 2004 when RealNetworks
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developed a product called Harmony?
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A. Not -- vaguely. I don't really remember
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when it was, but I vaguely remember that they did,
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yeah.
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Q. Okay. And do you recall that that product
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enabled customers of RealNetworks to purchase songs
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from the RealNetworks store and play them directly
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on an iPod?
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A. I don't really remember that, but sure, it

might well have.
Q. Okay. What can you tell me that you
recall about Harmony?
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A. I don't really have much of a recollection

of Harmony.
MS. SWEENEY: Okay. Well, we can show you
some documents that might help refresh your
recollection. In fact, why don't we do that right
now.
And, in fact, George, we've premarked some
exhibits. Should we just pass them all out now?
Whatever's easiest for you.
MR. RILEY: Sure. Whatever works -MS. SWEENEY: Okay.
MR. RILEY: -- for you.
MS. SWEENEY: And we may not get through
all these, but I thought it was easier to just
pre-mark them.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Mr. Jobs, do you have all those exhibits
in front of you?
A. I have the ones you just gave me.
Q. Okay. Can you turn, please, to the one
that we have marked Jobs Exhibit 1.
A. Jobs Exhibit 1. Yeah, I was reading that
right now.
Q. Okay. Do you need to take another minute
to look through it?
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A. No.
Q. Okay. And this is a document that was
produced by Apple, and it's a series of e-mails.
The last e-mail, the one on the top left of the
first page, is from Eddy Cue to Jeff Robbin, and
it's discussing a draft press release by Apple
responding to the Harmony product.
Do you recall the discussions that took
place at Apple between July 23rd and July 26th, 2004
regarding Harmony?
A. I don't, no.
Q. Can you turn to the last page of
Exhibit 1.
A. Sure.
Q. And the top of that page reads:
"Describe the situation using
Steve's analogy. 'Normally
you're concerned that someone is
going to break [into] your house
to steal your stereo. In this
case, it appears that someone is
breaking into our house and
setting up their own stereo -but they're still breaking in.'"
Did you make that analogy to describe the
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RealNetworks' Harmony product?

A. I don't remember. Sounds like I might
have, based on this e-mail.
Q. Okay. And at the bottom of that last
page, again, of Exhibit 1, it says:
"Eddy -- any word from the
labels?"
Eddy Cue is one of the persons at Apple
who has been involved since the beginning of the
contracts with the labels in the negotiations
between Apple and the labels; is that correct?
A. I don't know if he was involved at the
very beginning, but he's been involved for a long
time.
Q. Okay. And you also have been very
involved with those discussions; correct?
A. Sure.
Q. And do you recall in July of 2004
discussing with Mr. Cue or anyone else at Apple the
labels' reaction to RealNetworks' Harmony product?
A. I don't remember any specific discussions,
no.
Q. Do you remember some general discussions?
A. Not really. I mean, I -- I just don't
have much of a memory of that whole time frame.
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Q. If you could look at the first page of

Exhibit 1. And, again, this is an e-mail from
Mr. Cue, and he says:
"I talked to Universal. They
were aware of it. From their
viewpoint, they are ok with it
because they want
interoperability."
In 2004, were the labels pressing Apple to
open up the iPod so that there was greater
interoperability between the iPod and competing
digital music stores?
A. Well, I think from their point of view,
they wanted everything to interoperate with
everything else, but there were other points of view
in the marketplace.
It depended on what your point of view
was. Depending on where you sat in the industry,
you'd have a different point of view.
Q. And what was your point of view as CEO of
Apple?
A. Well, I think, as best as I can recall, my
point of view and I'd say Apple's point of view was,
you know, we were the only big company involved in
this stuff at that time, the one with the deepest
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pockets.
And we had pretty much black-and-white
contracts with the labels that if people violated
the digital rights management system on iTunes or on
the iPod and they allowed music to be taken off of
the iPod, as an example, and put on somebody else's
computer, that that would be in clear violation of
the licenses that we had with the labels, and they
could cease giving us music at any time because of
that.
So I remember we were very concerned about
that. And we went to great pains to make sure that
people couldn't hack into our digital rights
management system because if they could, we would
get nasty e-mails from the labels threatening us
to -- you know, that they were going to yank the
license.
Q. But because RealNetworks' Harmony product
didn't strip DRM, the labels were okay with it;
isn't that right?
A. No, I don't remember that at all, no. I
don't know whether it stripped the DRM off or not.
I think it must have had to have stripped the DRM
off. Not strip it off, but break it.
Q. Let's --
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A. I don't think there's any other way that

something like that could work.
Q. Well, let's take a look at Exhibit 3.
A. Not 2?
Q. We'll come back to 2.
A. Okay.
MR. RILEY: What is Exhibit 3?
MS. SWEENEY: It's a series of e-mails.
The most -- the last one in the string is from Eddy
Cue to Philip Schiller and others, including
Mr. Jobs, and it's dated July 25th, 2004.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Have you had a chance to look through
that, Mr. Jobs?
A. No, I'm just reading it now.
(Witness reviews document.)
THE WITNESS: Okay. I've read it.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. And did you receive this e-mail from
Mr. Cue on or about July 25th, 2004?
A. I have no recollection of it, no.
Q. Do you have any reason you didn't believe
it -- you didn't receive it?
A. No.
Q. Okay. And in the top left of the first
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page of Exhibit 2, Mr. Cue says:

"The labels are convinced
that different formats are
hurting their growth. They want
us to license our DRM to Real.
Since Real has assured them that
they are putting the music in
FairPlay, they are ok with it
(that is until there is a
problem). Real is actually
saying they are playing a
protected song on an authorized
device for that protection
scheme."
So does that refresh your recollection
that Real's Harmony product preserved the DRM and
that the labels were okay with Harmony and, in fact,
some of the labels issued public press releases
applauding the Harmony product?
A. Yeah, I don't remember that.
And it doesn't say that the Real product
doesn't break the DRM. It says that Real is saying
that. It doesn't say that it's -- that we've tested
it or it's true. But I'm sure we did and figured it
out.
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Q. Did you ever -- did Apple ever conclude
that RealNetworks' Harmony product was stripping
DRM?
A. I don't really remember.
Part of the issue, also, was that -- I
recall something to the effect that we are con- --
we were constantly upgrading iTunes and enhancing
its DRM. And we -- you know, we assumed that future
enhancements would break the RealNetworks scheme,
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whatever that was. So that would be a real problem
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for everybody.
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Q. Did Apple ever conclude that RealNetworks'

Harmony product was illegal?
A. I don't know.
Q. Did Apple ever send a cease and desist
letter to Real?
A. I don't recall. I don't know.
Q. Now, Apple has, in the past, sent cease
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and desist letters to persons who were known to have
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developed programs that stripped DRM from iTunes
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music; correct?
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MR. RILEY: Counsel, I think you're

getting beyond the topics that the judge permitted.
MS. SWEENEY: I understand. I'm not going
to go too far down this line. Just get the answer
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to this question and -MR. RILEY: And I don't think it's tied to
the three topics that the judge permitted. Cease
and desist letters to third parties?
MS. SWEENEY: You've stated your
objection. Thank you, Counsel.
MR. RILEY: You don't have to answer that
question, Steve, if you don't want to.
THE WITNESS: Okay.
MS. SWEENEY: Respectfully, you can
object; and if I continue down roads that you think
are beyond the scope, you can seek an order from the
Court. But the only basis for instructing a witness
not to answer is if there is an attorney-client
privilege issue.
MR. RILEY: I'm aware of that, but this is
a different kind of deposition. The Court limited
it to three narrow topics. I don't see how cease
and desist letters to third parties fits into any of
those three topics.
MS. SWEENEY: Because it fits into -- if
you'll recall, the judge said we're permitted to
inquire about Apple's decisions related to
RealNetworks' Harmony technology.
And Apple did issue cease and desist
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letters against other companies, but not against

Real, and I want to establish that on the record.
MR. RILEY: You've misstated what the
judge permitted. Three topics.
"The deposition shall be
limited to the topics of (a) the
July 26, 2004 RealNetworks
announcement, (b) the July 29,
2004 Apple announcement in
response thereto, and (c)
Apple's software updates in
October 2004 that rendered the
RealNetworks digital music files
once again inoperable with
iPods."
Cease and desist orders -- letters to
third parties don't fit into any of those three
categories.
MS. SWEENEY: We're using up a lot of the
two hours, a lot of time on this question. It's
just a simple yes-or-no question. Maybe Mr. Jobs
doesn't even recall. Let him answer the question;
we'll move on.
MR. RILEY: Okay.
THE WITNESS: What was the question,
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again?
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Did Apple issue cease and desist letters
against companies that developed technology that
stripped DRM from iTunes songs?
A. I don't -- in that time frame, I don't
remember.
Q. Now, do you know who Rob Glaser is?
A. Well, I don't know him, but I know he was
the CEO of RealNetworks for a while.
Q. Did you ever meet Mr. Glaser?
A. That's a good question.
I probably did once or twice. I don't
remember.
Q. Did you ever talk to him on the phone?
A. I might have. I just don't remember.
Q. Now, looking at Exhibits 1, 2 -A. Do you want me to look at 2 now?
Q. -- and 3, collectively, I think these are
all exhibits pertaining to -A. Do you want me to look at 2? We haven't
looked at 2 yet.
Q. Oh. We haven't?
A. No.
MR. RILEY: No.
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BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. I'm sorry.
A. You skipped over it. Do you want me to
read it?
Q. No, that's okay. I'm sorry. Let me ask a
different question.
A. Okay.
Q. Okay. I'm sorry. Going back to
Exhibit 3, now Mr. Cue says in the top of the
left-hand side of the first page:
"Also remember some labels at
this point are also worried that
we are getting to be too
dominant."
And is this something that you discussed
at Apple around this time frame, that is, the
labels' concern that Apple was becoming too
dominant?
A. I don't really remember. I mean, I
remember there was such a time. I don't really know
when it was. Probably spanned many years, but I
don't really remember when.
Q. But you do recall that at some time the
labels expressed a concern that Apple was becoming
too dominant?
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A. I don't remember -- I remember maybe

reading some press articles where they might say
that. They never said that to us.
Q. If you could turn to the second page of
Exhibit 3, about two-thirds of the way down the page
it says:
"In April, Apple chairman
Steve Jobs" -A. I'm sorry. Exhibit 3?
Q. Yeah.
A. Okay. On page what?
Q. Page 2.
A. Okay. Sorry. Yeah. Yeah.
Q. It's about two-thirds of the way down the
page. It says:
"In April, Apple chairman
Steve Jobs rebuffed Glaser's
request for a meeting to discuss
an alliance between the
companies . . . ."
Do you see that?
A. Mm-hmm.
Q. Did you rebuff a request from Mr. Glaser
in April of 2004 to license FairPlay to
RealNetworks?
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A. I don't remember that. I might have. I

don't really remember.
Q. Do you recall discussions with Mr. Glaser
at any time during 2004?
A. I don't recall any specific discussions.
I'm sorry I don't remember more of this
for you, but there's been a lot of water under that
bridge in seven years. So . . .
MS. SWEENEY: I understand. I've been
reading these documents, so it's different.
(Whereupon, Deposition Exhibit 11 was
marked for identification.)
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Okay. I'm going to ask the court reporter
to hand you what's been marked as Jobs Exhibit 11.
A. Are you done with 3?
Q. Yes.
A. Thank you.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Okay. Mr. Jobs, this is an e-mail from
Rob Glaser to you dated April 9th, 2004. Did you
receive this e-mail?
MR. RILEY: Hold on.
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I object to this. This was a document

that was in front of Judge Lloyd. He said you could
not question about this issue. It's outside the
three topics.
MS. SWEENEY: Well, I disagree because it
goes to Apple's response to the July 26 announcement
by RealNetworks.
MR. RILEY: It's hard to see that. This
isn't part of a response. This is a letter that
occurred a couple of months before that time.
MS. SWEENEY: Yes, but it establishes the
background for the events that occurred between June
and October of 2004.
MR. RILEY: I will let you ask some
background about this as it relates to the previous
document, but I think this is clearly outside the
scope.
MS. SWEENEY: Your objection is noted.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Mr. Jobs, do you recall the question? Did
you receive this e-mail from Mr. Glaser?
A. I don't remember receiving it, but I might
have.
Q. Is that the e-mail that you use at Apple?
A. Yes, it is.
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Q. Is there any reason to believe you didn't

receive this e-mail?
A. I don't know. I just don't remember
receiving it.
Q. Did you respond to Mr. Glaser's request
that Apple license RealNetworks' access to FairPlay
on the iPod?
A. I don't remember doing so, no, because I
don't even remember this e-mail.
Q. Is it possible that you spoke with
Mr. Glaser about his proposal after he sent you this
e-mail on April 9, 2004?
A. It's possible. I don't remember doing so,
but it's possible.
Q. Do you recall Mr. Glaser telling you that
RealNetworks was working on a product that could
make its music interoperable with iPods?
A. I don't recall that, no.
Q. Is it possible that you had that
discussion?
MR. RILEY: Object to the form.
THE WITNESS: It's possible I had any
discussion. I just don't remember.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. If you could look at the next to last
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Q. Yes, please.
A. Okay.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Have you had a chance to read that,
Mr. Jobs?
A. No. I'm still reading it.
THE WITNESS: Okay.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. All right. So first of all, the headline
of Exhibit 7 says:
"RealNetworks breaks Apple's
hold on iPod."
And then it says:
"Rob Glaser and Steve Jobs
have feuded before."
Do you know what that's referring to, that
you and Mr. Glaser feuded before?
A. I don't, no.
Q. And then you recall in a previous exhibit
we were looking at, which is the e-mail
correspondence between you and Mr. Horowitz, you
were complaining about Larry's quote in a CNET
article.
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And halfway down the page -- excuse me.

The second page of Exhibit 7, there is a quote from
Larry Kenswil, president of Universal Music's eLabs
division.
Is that the Larry that you're referring to
in the e-mail that's Exhibit 5?
A. I don't know, but it might very well be.
Q. Was Larry Kenswil someone that you dealt
with at Universal in that time frame?
A. Not really, no.
Q. And in this statement attributed to
Mr. Kenswil, he says:
"Up to now, the world of
downloads has been far too close
to a world where the CD you buy
in one store wouldn't play on
the CD player you bought in
another."
And then he goes on to say:
"We applaud RealNetworks'
efforts to help correct this
situation and appeal to all
people and companies in this
area to work toward a world of
universal interoperability."
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Is this the statement that you described

in your July 26 e-mail as terrible and in need of
correction?
A. I don't really remember. Could be. You
mean the whole paragraph there?
Q. Yes.
A. Might be. I just don't remember.
Q. Is there anything in that statement, that
quote that I just read into the record, is there
anything in that that's inaccurate?
A. I have -- in which statement? Larry's
statement?
Q. Yes.
A. Well, you have to ask him. It's his
statement. I don't know if it's inaccurate or not.
I don't know what he meant to say.
Q. Can you look at the bottom of the second
page of Exhibit 7. And it says:
"Last January, RealNetworks
also announced that it had
figured out how to let its PC
software play songs purchased
from Apple's iTunes store and
save them onto the iPod."
Do you see that?
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A. Mm-hmm.
Q. Okay. And do you recall that
announcement?
A. I don't, no.
Q. All right. Let's have a look at
Exhibit 6. And I apologize for skipping around.
A. That's okay.
Q. That's the press release.
THE WITNESS: Okay.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. All right.
A. Excuse me.
Q. Exhibit 6 is -- appears to be a press
release by Apple dated July 29th.
Is that a press release that Apple issued
on July 29th, 2004?
A. I don't know. Looks like it, but I don't
know.
Q. Do you have any reason to believe it's not
a press release that was issued by Apple?
A. No.
Q. Some of the other exhibits we were looking
at discussed drafts of a press release pertaining to
RealNetworks' Harmony product. Do you recall those
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documents?
A. Yeah.
Q. Okay. And -A. That you just showed me?
Q. That's correct.
A. Yes.
Q. And does this statement on Exhibit 6
represent the final version of those various draft
iterations of the press release?
A. It would appear to.
Q. Okay. And looking at the text of the
statement, it says:
"We are stunned that
RealNetworks has adopted the
tactics and ethics of a hacker
to break into the iPod . . . ."
And then it goes on. And my first
question is: What did you mean by "the tactics and
ethics of a hacker"?
A. I don't recall writing this, so I don't
know. Maybe I wrote it, but -- I can guess at what
the person that wrote it meant, if you'd like.
Q. Is it a pejorative description, the
tactics and ethics of a hacker?
A. What do you mean by "pejorative"?
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Q. Is it -- does it have negative

connotations, in your view?
A. Yeah.
Q. And then it says:
". . . we are inves-" -A. But I'm sure some people would have the
opposite view.
Q. And then I'm reading, again, the second
half of the first sentence.
". . . we are investigating the
implications of their actions
under the DMCA and other laws."
And I already asked you some questions
about this, so I'm not going to reask all those
questions. But did you ever come to an
understanding as to whether Real's release of
Harmony violated the DMCA?
A. I don't remember.
Q. Okay. The second paragraph of the press
release, which is in Exhibit 6, says:
"We strongly caution Real and
their customers that when we
update our iPod software from
time to time, it is highly
likely that Real's Harmony
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technology will cease to work

with current and future iPods."
Do you see that?
A. Uh-huh.
Q. And in fact, when Apple released its 4.7
update in October of 2004, Harmony ceased working
with at least some iPods; correct?
A. I -- I think so, but I don't recall
specifically.
Q. And at the time that this press release
was issued, that is, July 29, 2004, were you certain
that updates to iPod software would cause Real's
Harmony technology to cease to work with iPods?
A. Well, I'm not an engineer, so I -- I
probably wasn't qualified to make such a judgment.
Q. Were engineers at Apple involved in the
drafting of the press release?
A. I don't remember.
Q. Do you want to take a minute to go back
and look at a couple of the exhibits we looked at
before and see who some of the people were involved
in the drafting? That would be Exhibit 3,
Exhibit 1.
A. So you want me to go back to these?
Q. Yeah, just briefly. Just look at the
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names in the e-mails.

A. So which ones?
Q. How about Exhibit 3 and Exhibit 4?
MR. RILEY: I think she's asking you to
look at the recipients copied, the people copied to
determine whether they include engineers.
THE WITNESS: Yeah. I'm trying to find 3
here. 3 and 4?
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Yes, please.
THE WITNESS: Well, I'm sorry. I read
Exhibit 3 as not having much to do with the press
release. So I don't know how that can illuminate
this.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Okay. That's a good point. How about
Exhibit 1?
A. You said Exhibit 4 or 1?
Q. How about Exhibits 1 and 4? And then, if
you could just look at the to's and the cc's,
et cetera.
A. Okay. Exhibit 1 and 4.
(Witness reviews documents.)
THE WITNESS: Okay. Exhibit 1 doesn't
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really have any engineers on it. And -MR. RILEY: I think she is referring to
the entire list of recipients.
THE WITNESS: Oh, I see. From Jeff
Robbin. Huh? Yeah, Jeff's an engineer.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Okay.
A. And I don't see any engineers copied on 4
either. So I guess Jeff sent this out to people,
and Eddy had sent it out.
MR. RILEY: Greg Joswiak.
THE WITNESS: Greg's not an engineer.
MR. RILEY: Right. But he's copied on
this.
THE WITNESS: But he's not an engineer.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. All right. So Mr. Robbin, who is an
engineer, was involved in at least some of the
discussions at Apple regarding the drafting of the
press release; correct?
A. Mm-hmm.
Q. Okay. And the press release says that it
is highly likely that Harmony will cease to work.
If it was certain that Harmony would cease
to work with iPods, wouldn't Apple have said that in
Harmony product, RealNetworks responded with its own
press release.
3
4
5
Do you recall that public dialogue, as it

were, between Apple and RealNetworks?
A. I don't.
Q. Okay. Did you speak with Mr. Glaser at
any time after Apple issued its press release in
July of 2004?
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A. I don't recall speaking to him.

Q. Did you have discussions with engineers
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and others at Apple about closing the holes in
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software that enabled -- or that permitted
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RealNetworks to create interoperability through
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Harmony?
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MR. RILEY: Object to the form of the

question.
THE WITNESS: Well, if you're asking me
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did I have -- did I talk with engineers about the
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RealNetworks situation, I'm sure I probably did.
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BY MS. SWEENEY:
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Q. And what did -- what was the substance of

those communications?
A. I have no recollection of them.
Q. Did you have any discussions -- did you
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make any public statements about the RealNetworks
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Harmony product in or after July of 2004?

A. I might have. I don't remember doing so,
but -- I just don't remember.
Q. Now, do you recall that Mr. Glaser
telephoned you the week before the RealNetworks
announcement of Harmony to let you know it was
coming?
A. I don't remember that, no.
Q. Is -- do you recall ever speaking with
Mr. Glaser by telephone?
A. I don't.
THE WITNESS: Do you want me to read this?
MS. SWEENEY: Yes, please.
And for the record, this is an Apple
document. It's an e-mail from Mr. Jobs to Katie
Cotton, Jeff Robbin, and others regarding
RealNetworks' statement, and it's dated July 29,
2004.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Okay. And this is the statement that
RealNetworks issued in response to Apple's statement
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its press release?
A. Well, "highly likely" is pretty strong.
Q. But it's not certain?
A. I don't know why certain words were chosen
and others weren't. But "highly likely" is pretty
strong.
Q. Now, when we looked at the e-mails
regarding the drafting of the press release
pertaining to RealNetworks' Harmony product, there's
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a lot of e-mails going around over the weekend.
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July 26 was a Monday. And there's e-mails from, I
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think, July 24th and 25th.
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Is it common for you and others at Apple

to work on press releases over the weekend?
A. Well, Apple's a 24-by-7 company. So a lot
of us work on things on the weekend.
Q. Was there an unusual amount of activity
18
surrounding the RealNetworks' Harmony announcement
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at Apple?
20
A. Not that I recall, but I don't know all
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Q. Now, after you -- after Apple issued its
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press release on July 29th about RealNetworks'
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concerned, if it gets legal

music into consumers' hands and
makes it more flexible, we
welcome it,' says Ted Cohen,
senior vice president of digital
development and distribution at
EMI Music . . . ."
Did you talk to Mr. Cohen of EMI Music
about the RealNetworks announcement in 2004?
A. No, not that I recall, no.
Q. Okay. Do you know who Mr. Cohen is?
A. I don't.
Q. And then at the bottom of the page and
carrying over to the top of page 3, the article
says:
"Even if RealNetworks is
successful, it's unclear if the
effort would harm or help Apple.
The move could boost iPod sales
by allowing users to buy songs
from more sites."
Do you agree with that?
A. I don't know. We've never run that
experiment.
Q. Did you discuss that possibility at the
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time, that is, back in 2004?

A. Not that I recall. Might have.
Q. And then the second paragraph says:
"'The more iPods they sell,
the better off Apple will
be . . . .'"
And you would agree with that; right?
A. Sure.
The thing that you have to keep in mind,
though, is there are lots of hackers trying to hack
into these things so that they can do things that
would put us in non-compliance with the contracts we
have with the music companies.
And we were very scared of that. So we
would constantly be revving iTunes and iPod
software, closing any -- any holes that might be in
it or any problems it might have. And so this was a
moving target; and, you know, anybody trying to keep
up with that moving target would probably have a
hard time doing it.
And so we were very concerned with, you
know, somebody like Real promising customers that
they would have compatibility when, in the future,
they might not.
And that's not something we could
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guarantee. So we could get sued by all these

people, you know?
Q. By Real customers?
A. Yeah.
Q. You said that you were very concerned
about non-compliance with music companies. In fact,
you said, ". . . we were very scared of that."
Did any of the labels ever threaten to
withhold music because of the RealNetworks Harmony
technology?
A. Well, we got -- we got letters from time
to time. I don't remember any specific ones. But
we got letters from time to time from the music
companies about a particular hack that had existed
out there that just popped up, and they were very
clear that they wanted it closed or they would
revoke the license.
Q. But that wasn't the labels' response to
Harmony; correct?
A. I don't know. I don't know if we got them
on Harmony or not.
The labels -- there's a lot of people at
the labels, and they -- sometimes some of the people
working there don't speak for the whole label, you
know. You've got to be careful about that too.
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Q. Well, you recall the exhibits we looked at

earlier today where there was an exchange between
you and Mr. Horowitz at Universal. Do you recall
that?
A. Mm-hmm.
Q. And you were upset because an executive at
Universal had actually applauded Harmony; right?
Mr. Larry Kenswil.
A. Okay.
Q. So you can't think of any instances, can
you, where a label complained to Apple about
RealNetworks' Harmony product?
A. But it doesn't really matter because in
fixing holes for DRM hacks, it might screw up the
Real technology anyway, as collateral damage.
Q. Did -A. One would have to be very careful about
that. And since we didn't own the Real technology
and probably didn't have access to it, that's not a
burden we would want to take on.
Q. And from time to time, there were DRM
hacks. And that's the phrase that you used. And
these are hacks that stripped DRM from iTunes music;
correct?
A. No. They would just find ways to get at
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stuff that would put us in non-compliance with the

agreements.
Q. And did any of the labels ever withhold
music because of a DRM hack?
A. No, because we were very responsive in
fixing them.
Q. Did any of the labels ever threaten to
withhold music from Apple because of a DRM hack?
A. Yes.
Q. Who?
A. I don't know. I remember we would get
letters from time to time.
Q. You would get letters asking you to fix
the holes or actually threatening to withhold music
from Apple?
A. Well, they would say both. Fix the holes
or else. So . . .
Q. But you can't remember which labels -A. I don't remember any -Q. -- sent such a letter?
A. No.
Q. And those would have been letters to you
or to Mr. Cue at Apple?
A. I don't know who they would have sent them
to. There might have been some legal department
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or -- I don't -- they wouldn't have been to me,

but . . .
Usually, there's contact people in the
contracts.
Q. Do you know who Josh Bernoff is?
A. I don't.
Q. If you look at the third page of
Exhibit 8, this is still that article.
A. Okay.
Q. And it's the paragraph that starts
"RealNetworks' technology . . . ." Do you see that?
A. Yes.
Q. Okay. And it says:
"RealNetworks' technology,
though, could undermine the hold
Apple has on its music
customers. Customers who
purchase music through the Real
Music Store -- which offers a
similar selection of songs at
nearly identical prices -- will
be able to switch tunes to other
devices, RealNetworks says."
And then it quotes Josh Bernoff, and it
says:
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"'Now that people know you

can do this,' says Forrester
Research analyst Josh Bernoff,
'a lot more people may try.'"
Now, were you, at Apple, concerned that
others might try to copy what RealNetworks had done
with Harmony to make their digitally -- their
digital music songs directly playable on an iPod?
A. I don't remember being concerned about
that, no.
Q. After the RealNetworks episode with
Harmony in July of 2004, was there ever an instance
in which a company other than RealNetworks
successfully created interoperability between its
digital music store and Apple's iPods?
MR. RILEY: Objection to the form of the
question.
THE WITNESS: What should I do?
MR. RILEY: You can answer the question.
THE WITNESS: Oh, okay.
I don't recall, but I would imagine so.
People have tried to hack iTunes for a long time,
and they're still trying.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Would you describe Apple's response to the
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RealNetworks Harmony announcement as strong or

vehement?
A. No.
Q. What about the early drafts of the press
release that you were involved in? Were those -many of those statements were ultimately edited out
of the final version of the press release. Was that
because they were too -- too angry-sounding?
A. I don't remember, but they don't sound too
angry to me when I read them.
Usually, a vehement -- I don't know about
the word "vehement," but a strong response from
Apple would be a lawsuit, as an example.
Q. But Apple never sued RealNetworks?
A. Not to my knowledge. I don't know if we
ever have. I don't think so.
Are we done with this?
Q. Yes, please. Can you have a look at
Exhibit 10.
A. Sure.
MS. SWEENEY: Exhibit 10, for the record,
is a multipage document produced by Apple with Bates
numbers ending in 920838. There's a lot of redacted
material, but part of it is an article by John
Borland of CNETNews.com.
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Q. Do you remember discussions at Apple about
BY MS. SWEENEY:
whether 4.7 would disable Harmony?
Q. Can you go back to Exhibit 4, please.
A. Yeah.
Q. And again, this is an e-mail from you to
others at Apple dated July 26, 2004 regarding the
Q. Did you have discussions with -- or do you
draft press release about RealNetworks' Harmony.
recall having any discussions with the press about
A. I'm sure they occurred, but I don't

remember them.
A. Mm-hmm.
the disabling by Harmony -- disabling by 4.7 of
Q. And then we already discussed the first
Harmony after it occurred in October 2004?
sentence in that e-mail. And the second one says:
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"I propose going with this:"

And then below that in quotes you say:
"We are stunned that Real has
A. I don't. Your -- one of the exhibits you
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handed me said that we were warning customers not to
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assume that -- you know, not to assume that it would
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continue to be compatible. That's all I really

remember.
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adopted the tactics and ethics
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of a hacker to break into the
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MS. SWEENEY: Let's mark this one.
15
iPod, and we are investigating
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the implications of their
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actions under the DMCA and other
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MS. SWEENEY: For the record, the court
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laws."
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reporter just handed you Exhibit 13, which is an
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And it goes on. And is that the language
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e-mail from Katie Cotton to you and others at Apple
that you proposed for the press release regarding
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dated April 7 -- excuse me -- April 27, 2004
Harmony?
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regarding "Final iTunes Speaking Points and Q&A."
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A. Well, I think it's a conglomeration of
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what I and other people have proposed or did
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propose, would be my guess. I mean, somebody might
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have -- else might have proposed it and I might have
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been the one to just edit it. I don't know who

proposed it. It's hard to -Q. But you did -A. -- hard to say.
Q. -- agree that this was a possible press
release that you could issue; correct?
A. Well, I said I -- I say in this e-mail:
"I propose going with this:"
Q. Now, when did you first learn that -A. Are we done with this?
Q. Yes.
When did you learn -- when did you first
learn that the redesign of FairPlay that culminated
in iTunes 4.7 would disable Harmony?
A. I don't recall.
Q. Can you give me your best estimate.
A. I don't have a clue.
Q. Did you -A. I mean, just about every release of iTunes
enhanced the DRM. So I probably would have just
assumed that the next release would. But I don't
remember at all.
Q. Do you know all of the -- or strike that.
What did 4.7 do?
A. I have no idea. I don't remember.

THE WITNESS: Okay. I finished reading
it.
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BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. All right. And this is -- it says at the
top of this e-mail:
"Here are the final speaking
points and Q&A for tomorrow."
Do you recall some kind of speech that you
gave on or about April 28, 2004 about iTunes?
MR. RILEY: I'm going to -- hold on just a
moment.
I'm going to object. This is completely
outside the scope. It's a document dated April 27,
2004. It is in no way related to the three topics
that Judge Lloyd permitted this deposition to
inquire into.
BY MS. SWEENEY:
Q. Can you turn to the third page of this
exhibit, please. At the top of that page, it's
asking you about the proposal made by Mr. Glaser of
RealNetworks to you; correct?
MR. RILEY: Which page are we on, Bates
stamp?
MS. SWEENEY: The third page of
Exhibit 13.
MR. RILEY: Bates stamp 584?
MS. SWEENEY: I'm sorry. Page 4.
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Suite 1600
402 West Broadway
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April 12, 2011
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CERTIFICATE OF REPORTER
I, ANA M. DUB, a Certified Shorthand
Reporter, hereby certify that the witness in the
foregoing deposition was by me duly sworn to tell
the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the
truth in the within-entitled cause;
That said deposition was taken down in
shorthand by me, a disinterested person, at the time
and place therein stated, and that the testimony of
the said witness was thereafter reduced to
typewriting, by computer, under my direction and
supervision;
That before completion of the deposition,
review of the transcript [X] was [ ] was not
requested. If requested, any changes made by the
deponent (and provided to the reporter) during the
period allowed are appended hereto.
I further certify that I am not of counsel
or attorney for either or any of the parties to the
said deposition, nor in any way interested in the
event of this cause, and that I am not related to
any of the parties thereto.
DATED: April 14, 2011.
__________________________________
ANA M. DUB, RMR, CRR, CSR No. 7445
DEPOSITION ERRATA SHEET
Page No._____Line No._____Change to:______________
__________________________________________________
Reason for change:________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
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SIGNATURE:_______________________DATE:___________
STEVE JOBS
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Our Assignment No. 385054

Case Caption:THE APPLE iPOD iTUNES
ANTI-TRUST LITIGATION.
DECLARATION UNDER PENALTY OF PERJURY
I declare under penalty of perjury
that I have read the entire transcript of
my Deposition taken in the captioned matter
or the same has been read to me, and
the same is true and accurate, save and
except for changes and/or corrections, if
any, as indicated by me on the DEPOSITION
ERRATA SHEET hereof, with the understanding
that I offer these changes as if still under
oath.
Signed on the ______ day of
____________, 20___.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
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___________________________________
STEVE JOBS
SIGNATURE:_______________________DATE:___________
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STEVE JOBS
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Toll Free: 800.300.1214

Facsimile: 619.239.4117
Suite 1600
402 West Broadway
San Diego, CA 92101

Steve Jobs Deposition April 2011

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Case4:05-cv-00037-YGR Document846-9 Filed10/22/14 Page1 of 13

Steve Jobs - Volume I

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

THE APPLE iPOD iTUNES

Lead Case No.

Ana M. Dub, RMR, CRR, CSR 7445

WITNESS: STEVE JOBS

E-mail Chain, Top E-mail

E-mail Chain, Top E-mail

For the Defendant Apple, Inc., and the Deponent:

E-mail Chain, Top E-mail

For the Indirect Purchaser Plaintiffs:

July 29, 2004 Press Release

The Wall Street Journal

Exhibit 10 Redacted E-mail Chain, Top

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Case4:05-cv-00037-YGR Document846-9 Filed10/22/14 Page2 of 13

INDEX TO EXHIBITS - CONTINUED

Exhibit 12 E-mail Dated July 29, 2004

Exhibit 14 E-mail Dated July 27, 2004,

(Original exhibits included with original

indirect purchaser plaintiffs.

DEPOSITION OF STEVE JOBS

Q. What's your understanding of the claims in

Q. And do you recall in 2004 --

A. Do they still exist?

developed a product called Harmony?

A. Not -- vaguely. I don't really remember

when it was, but I vaguely remember that they did,

Q. Okay. And do you recall that that product

enabled customers of RealNetworks to purchase songs

from the RealNetworks store and play them directly

A. I don't really remember that, but sure, it

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Case4:05-cv-00037-YGR Document846-9 Filed10/22/14 Page3 of 13

A. I don't really have much of a recollection

RealNetworks' Harmony product?

Q. If you could look at the first page of

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Case4:05-cv-00037-YGR Document846-9 Filed10/22/14 Page4 of 13

A. I don't think there's any other way that

page of Exhibit 2, Mr. Cue says:

Q. Did you ever -- did Apple ever conclude

that RealNetworks' Harmony product was stripping

A. I don't really remember.

Part of the issue, also, was that -- I

recall something to the effect that we are con- --

we were constantly upgrading iTunes and enhancing

its DRM. And we -- you know, we assumed that future

enhancements would break the RealNetworks scheme,

whatever that was. So that would be a real problem

Q. Did Apple ever conclude that RealNetworks'

and desist letters to persons who were known to have

developed programs that stripped DRM from iTunes

MR. RILEY: Counsel, I think you're

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Case4:05-cv-00037-YGR Document846-9 Filed10/22/14 Page5 of 13

letters against other companies, but not against

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Case4:05-cv-00037-YGR Document846-9 Filed10/22/14 Page6 of 13

A. I don't remember -- I remember maybe