Penataran Temple

Panataran temple is located in southwestern slopes of Mount Kelud, about 12 km to the

north of the city of Blitar, precisely in the Village Panataran, Ngleggok District, Municipality of
Blitar. This temple is a collection of ancient buildings that lined the north-west to east and then
continues to the southeast, occupying a land area of 12 946 m2.
Group Panataran temple was rediscovered in 1815 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles
(1781-1826), Lieutenant Governor-General of the ruling British colonial government in the
archipelago at that time. Together with Dr. Horsfield a natural scientist, Raffles made a visit to
the Temple Panataran. Having rediscovered by Raffles, the researchers began to arrive to
conduct the investigation and recording of archaeological objects in the region Panataran. In
1867, Andre de la Porte with J. Knebel also conducted research on the temple area Panataran.
Research results were published in 1900 under the title "De ruines van Panataran".
In the book Negarakertagama, called by the name Candi Candi Upgrading Palah. Told
that King Hayam Wuruk (1350 - 1389 AD) from Majapahit frequently visited Hyang Acalapati
Palah to worship, or what is known as Girindra (meaning the king of the mountain) in the trust
Shiva. Therefore, it is clear that the temple was built in the area accidentally Palah with Kelud
background, because it is intended as a place to worship the mountain. The Cult of Mount
Kelud aims to ward off the danger and avoid the catastrophe that can be caused by the volcano.
Based on the inscription on a stone which lies south side of the main building, believed
that the temple was built in the early Palah 12 M, on the orders of King Srengga of Kediri.
However, Temple Panataran continue to experience development and improvements to, and
even after, the reign of King Hayam Wuruk. This allegation was based on many years of writing
numbers in various places in this temple which ranged in 1197 until the year 1454 AD
Panataran entire area, except for pages that are in the southeast, is divided by two lines that
cross the wall from north to south into three parts.
a. Gate
Entrance into the temple area is located west side. From the entrance there is a
staircase down into the courtyard area of approximately 6 m2. In the courtyard there are two
giant statues guard the door (Dwarapala), the mat statue lettering in 1242 Saka (1320 AD) in
ancient Javanese script. Based on figures in the writings of experts suspect that the newly
inaugurated Panataran temple as a sacred place belonging kingdom (state temple) in the reign
of King Jayanegara, who ruled in 1309-1328 Majapahit M.

On the rear overhang, between two statues Dwaraphala, there are stairs up to the front
yard. At the top there are the remains of the gateway of materials of red brick. The gate is still
mentioned by Jonathan Rigg in Panataran visit to Temple in 1848.
Candi Panataran arrangement is interesting because the location of buildings to each
other face to face, lined up from front to back, so that a cursory look a bit confusing. Building
this kind of arrangement is similar to the arrangement of temples in Bali. In this arrangement,
the most sacred buildings located in the yard or at the very back, which is closest to the
mountain.
b. The court of Home
Bale Agung. In the front yard there are about 6 pieces of old buildings, 2 of them no
longer recognizable original shape. One of the important buildings are the Bale Agung, located
on the northwest side of the front yard, indented slightly to the west (the front). Bale Agung,
according NJKrom, used for meetings where the priests or markers, such as the temples in Bali.
Bale Agung is building a stage shaped like a rectangle measuring 37 X 18.84 m2 with floor
height 1.44 meter. The walls and roof of the building was no trace. Only the floors are still
intact.
On the floor there is a stone base that was once expected to function as a fulcrum
wooden poles supporting the roof. The entire floor is made of stone, decorated with carved
dragon wrapped around the walls of the floor and his head sticking out in every corner of the
floor.
In the middle of each side there is a staircase flanked by two statues of Mahakala. All
the statues of Mahakala is still in place except those located on the east side.
Housing minister. The building is located on the north side, parallel to the Bale Agung, is
expected to be used as a residence formerly pastor. The entire building was destroyed, so the
only remaining order of pedestals.
Pendapa Batur. The building is also called Pendapa Batur. It is located in the southeast
Bale Agung, just behind the residence of the pastor. As with the Bale Agung, which still remains
today is the floor made of stone buildings, covering an area of 29.05 X 9.22 m2 with a height of
1.5 m. Floor around the walls are decorated with reliefs of the stories. Presumably the building
was formerly Batur Pendapa serves as a place to put offerings in religious ceremonies.
Stairs to climb to the floor of the hall there is only on the west side or the front. There
are two steps, on the left and right, which in each flanked by a pair of small giant winged statue,
resting on one knee and one hand holding the rod. Cheek or bun-shaped wall with a decorative

ladder 'tumpal' beautiful at its peak. At the seams on the eastern side wall of the floor, hidden
among the vines and foliage carved decoration, there are carvings of figures showing that the
building was built in 1297 Saka or 1375 AD.
c. In the yard
The last page is in the original court is also limited by a transverse wall of the northsouth direction. In the south there is also a former gate is guarded by a pair of statues
Dwarapala. In the courtyard there are at least 9 buildings, 2 pieces which have to recognize is
the main temple building and the arrangement of his trial. The seven other buildings in ruins
that still has not revealed the form and function.
Main Temple (Parent). Mother Temple is the largest building in the entire building
Panataran. Building site is located in the courtyard at the rear (east), which is considered a
sacred part. The building consists of three terraces of the temple compound with a total height
7.19 m.
The first rectangular terrace with a diameter of 30.06 meters to the east west. In the
middle of each side there is a section that juts out about 3 m. For the first ride to the terrace,
there are two steps to the left and right sides of the west. On each side of the stairs there is a
statue of the saucer Dwarapala sculpted the figure in 1269 Saka (1347 AD). Throughout the first
terrace wall filled with sculptured reliefs of the story.
The second terrace is smaller than the first terrace, because the part that juts out on the
first terrace just a little further inside on the second terrace. Difference in size between the first
patio and terrace on the second floor hallway forming the first terrace, which allows people to
walk around the building while watching the scenes of the story depicted in the reliefs carved
on the walls. On the wall in the first and second terrace lined sculptured panels and Krisnayana
Ramayana and interspersed with ornate medallion motif.
On the second terrace there is a staircase up which is located almost in the middle of
the wall. This continued up the stairs with a ladder that was in the third terrace.
The third terrace is almost square shaped. The walls berpahatkan winged dragon with
the head slightly forward and looked up the winged lion with the hind legs in a squatting
position while the front leg lifted up. Carvings on the walls of the third terrace is in addition to
filling an empty field that also serves as a pillar of the building.
At the time of the demolition of third-floor terrace, in the context of restoration, it was
found that the center of the floor made of red brick. It seems clear plan rectangular buildings
with overhanging parts to the fore. Based on these findings, allegations arose that the original

temple building made of red brick Panataran. In the next period Panataran expanded to cover
how to use the original building blocks of andesite. The expansion is expected to occur in the
time of Majapahit.The third terrace is an overhang of empty. Where it is supposed that the
temple stood until now has not been restored to its original form because not all parts of the
building were found. Some of the main temple of the body has been prepared in array
experiments in the courtyard of the temple.
Inscription Palah. In the south of the main temple still stands erect a stone tablet. Given
the large size of the stone inscriptions, experts suspect from the first stone was located in the
place.
The inscription written in ancient Javanese script was framed in 1119 Saka (1197 AD),
made by order of King of the Kingdom of Kediri Srengga. Content of the inscriptions, among
others, mentioning the inauguration of a fief to the interests of Paduka Batara Palah Sira, the
underlying notion that what is meant by none other Palah Panataran Temple. If it is true that
the Temple Panataran Palah, then age Panataran Temple has reached at least 250 years and the
construction of this temple has a long way, from the year 1197, the era of Kediri kingdom, until
the year 1454, the era of the Majapahit empire. Almost all buildings can still be seen today date
from the reign of the kings of Majapahit. Perhaps the buildings were older (from age Kediri)
have long collapsed.
d. Other buildings.
There are still two other buildings that are situated outside the area Panataran who still
has something to do with Panataran temple, a pond dates to 1337 Saka (1415 AD) located in
the southeast and a pool of 'petirtaan' (bath) in size rather large, which is located
approximately 200 meters in the northeastern area of the temple.