Positive Material Identification PMI

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optical emission spectrometry OES

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Positive Material Identification (PMI) is the analysis of a metallic alloy to establish

composition by reading the quantities by percentage of its constituent elements. Typical methods
for PMI include X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and optical emission spectrometry(OES).
Spark and arc atomic emission spectroscopy
Spark or arc atomic emission spectroscopy is used for the analysis of metallic elements in solid
samples. For non-conductive materials, the sample is ground with graphite powder to make
it conductive. In traditional arc spectroscopy methods, a sample of the solid was commonly
ground up and destroyed during analysis. An electric arc or spark is passed through the sample,
heating it to a high temperature to excite the atoms within it. The excited analyte atoms emit light
at characteristic wavelengths that can be dispersed with a monochromator and detected. As the
spark or arc conditions are typically not well controlled, the analysis for the elements in the sample
is qualitative. However, modern spark sources with controlled discharges under an argon
atmosphere can be considered quantitative. Both qualitative and quantitative spark analysis are
widely used for production quality control in foundries and steel mills.

Positive Material Identification (PMI)

Positive Material Identification (PMI) refers to the identification and analysis of various metal alloys
based on their chemical composition in nondestructive testing (NDT). Measurement results are
shown in the form of elemental concentration in percentage or by specific alloy name such as
SS316L or Inconel 625. PMI is a field-testing method made possible by the portability of most PMI
analyzers. These instruments also can be used in the laboratory.
The Optical Emission Spectroscopy Technique OES

In the OES technique, atoms also are excited; however, the excitation energy comes from a spark
formed between sample and electrode. In this case, the energy of the spark causes the electrons
in the sample to emit light, which is converted into a spectral pattern. By measuring the intensity
of the peaks in this spectrum, the OES analyzer can produce qualitative and quantitative analysis
of the material composition. Although OES is considered a nondestructive testing method, the
spark does leave a small burn on the sample surface.
Chemical analysis (Spectroscopy) of metallic samples

LMATS has advanced its capability of chemical analysis () of metallic samples by adding the latest
technology spark atomic emission spectrometer (AES) for chemical analysis of metallic
samples.LMATS is the sole independent engineering testing laboratory in Victoria to
have spectrometer analysis off chemicals in metallic samples.
As a continual commitment to the industry to be the single point of contact for testing
services, LMATS has invested in the latest technology spectrometer for chemical analysis of
metallic samples, replacing our older optical emission spectrometer (OES).

The combination of LMATS ability to perform chemical analysis along with several engineering
tests and test result interpretation by experienced metallurgists ensures that the clients receive
report, within the shortest period of time, on accurate identification of material grade for
replacement of critical parts and or reverse engineering.
Typical applications:

Production quality control in foundries and steel mills

Product certification by analyzing chemical composition of a product sample
Calculate carbon equivalent for welding purpose by analyzing chemical composition

Analyze chemical composition to identify material type for the purpose of part replacement, failure
investigation, reverse engineering, etc
The elements commonly analysed are:-

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