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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online

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World's oldest geoglyph was made by


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visible from space was built 6,000 years...

Research by engineering firm Arup has imagined the skyscrapers of 2050


The buildings could include high-rise farms and algae-biofuel cells
'Intelligent building systems' will adjust to the needs of inhabitants
Jet-powered drones will maintain the modular structures, which can be
reconfigured to suit the needs of society

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By DAMIEN GAYLE
PUBLISHED: 14:02 GMT, 25 February 2013 | UPDATED: 15:12 GMT, 25 February 2013

48

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The skyscrapers of the future will be 'living' buildings powered by algae that respond automatically to
the weather and the changing needs of inhabitants, a new study claims.
Research by engineering multinational Arup, the firm behind the Pompidou Centre, the Sydney
Opera House and many of the stadia for the 2008 Olympics, has imagined how urban buildings could
look by 2050.
Predictions include ideas as outlandish as jet-powered maintenance robots, high-rise farms and
photovoltaic paint - all of which, incredibly, are already in development.

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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
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Skyscraper of the future: A new report claims that by 2050 buildings will have modular designs maintained by
jet-powered drones, a digital 'nervous system' and be entirely fuel efficient thanks to algae fuel cells

'In 2050, the urban dweller and the city are in a state of constant flux - changing and evolving in
reaction to emerging contexts and conditions,' the report says.
'The urban building of the future fosters this innate quality, essentially functioning as a living
organism in its own right - reacting to the local environment and engaging with the users within.'

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The study by by Arups internal thinktank predicts that structures will be fully integrated into the fabric
of the city, responsive to changes in the external environment, and designed for continuous
adaptability.
Responding to estimates that in four decades 75 per cent of an estimated global population of nine
billion will be living in cities, it foresees a shift to increasingly dense urban environments.
At the same time, it predicts, the rise of networked 'smart' devices will lead cities 'where everything
can be manipulated in realtime and where all the components of the urban fabric are part of a single
smart system and an internet of things'.

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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
argument'
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Got plenty to smile about

Maintenance drones: The modular skyscrapers of the future could have interchangeable units shifted and lifted
into place by jet-powered drones, according to the report's predictions

The most incredible prediction in the Arup report


claims that the buildings of the future will benefit
from brain-like 'intelligent building systems' that
enable them to automatically adjust to the needs
of inhabitants.
Using data about energy consumption, weather,
and the whims of residents, they will be able to
make 'calculated decisions' about how to best
use resources.
This could extend as far as using jet-powered
maintenance arms to swap the 'modules' that
form the building blocks of the skyscraper.
Such modular components could be used for
residential or commercial units, or even urban
food production sites housing animal, fish or
vegetable farms, depending on what is needed
at the time.
'In this emerging age, with significant
developments in construction, prefabricated and
modular systems are moved and assembled by
robots that work seamlessly together to install,
detect, repair and upgrade components of the
building system,' the report says.
With human population set to mushroom, the
predictions take into account likely increased
concern about the pressure so many souls
would put on our planet's already-strained
natural resources.
The Arup report promises buildings that will one
day in fact produce more resources than they
consume thanks to external walls coated with
photovoltaic paint, wind turbines and even pods
growing bio-fuel producing algae.
Green spaces would be dispersed throughout
the building to encourage urban biodiversity,
while water systems would be optimised for
recycling and reuse and filters would cut down
on environmental pollutants, it says.

'SAUDI SHARD' WILL BE 1KM HIGH


The British company that
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780million deal to build the
Kingdom Tower, pictured
right in an artist's impression,
in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,
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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
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Green architecture: The report's proposals included high-rise urban farms which can respond to urban
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Responsive: The facades, as well as having the potential to generate power from the sun, could also be coated
with nano-particle treatments that neutralise airborne pollutants and capture waste carbon dioxide

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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
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Community integration: Fully linked to the city's transport networks, the urban dwellings of the future would
integrate with the rest of the urban space and offer public spaces which encourage exploration, said Arup

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The Arup report, entitled It's Alive, was put together by Josef Hargrave, a consultant in the company's
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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
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Research by engineering multinational Arup, the firm behind the Pompidou Centre, the Sydney Opera House
and many of the stadia for the 2008 Olympics, imagined how urban buildings could look by 2050

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peterappleby21, Amsterdam, 1 year ago

WE WILL ALL BE DEAD!!!!!..OR WORSE!


Click to rate

Private Sector, London, United Kingdom, 1 year ago

Or the human race could stop over populating the planet, then there would be no need to live in
these sterile things

Lady in lace! Michelle


Heaton is on fine form in
fitted burgundy dress as
she makes an entrance
at annual cancer
research fundraiser
Looking good
Taylor Swift looks
super cute in checked
mini dress and chunky
heels as she touches
down in Japan
On the promo trail with
1989 album
Messaging a new love
interest? Single Amber
Rose is fixated on her

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2284208/How-tomorrows-living-skyscrapers-maintained-drones-powered-algae-respond-inhabitants-needs.h 6/16

11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
Click to rate

Nell Gosport, Gosport, United Kingdom, 1 year ago

phone as she touches


down in Los Angeles
Linked to French
Montana's brother Zack

Yeah right! And the pigeons and seagulls will all wear nappies!
Click to rate
Jaco, Indianapolis, United States, 1 year ago

We have had the ability to something like this for a while using solar power, but the powers that
be continue to make solar power very expensive because they don't want people taking
themselves off the grid. It is not in any governments own selfish interests for anyone to be
completely independent. I am not sure on the whole algae thing, I know in Iceland they have
been using Algae to produce Hydrogen, and use the hyrdogen to power cars and power stations,
but to be able to do that you need to create reactor to convert the hyrdogen to a fuel that can be
used for power. Having a reactor in every high rise, does everyone want that, would you be living
on a ticking bomb? We could be solving problems all over the world with solar power right now
but will anyone allow it or help make it happen? No! The liter of light project proves that people in
impoverished countries have to find their own methods as those in control of science will not
allow access to it by the poor people of the world.
Click to rate

Phil, London, 1 year ago

It all looks fine,will these be for the top 10% types while most other people will be living in
shoeboxes that are being built everywhere in London and with robots doing everything what will
the humungous population do for work in 2050,funny world this is...population going through the
roof...lets get rid of all the jobs...shum mishtake!
Click to rate

nickunknown, manchester, United Kingdom, 1 year ago

What happened to 'austerity measures'?


Click to rate

dgladys, Watford, 1 year ago

"There was something like this shown on TV some years ago. It was from a programme about
1930s science fiction. It was what life would be like in the 1980s to the 2000s. They got it
WRONG!!!!!!. How much did the clowns get paid for this? I could have done this looking at and
old science fiction magazine for 5. Generally what is predicted what life will be like in fifty years
time is way off the mark. - marc , tonypandy, United Kingdom, 26/2/2013 10:02"
So, my dear, can we take it that YOUR prediction ("......what is predicted what life will be lik e in
fifty years time is way off the mark ") is, in itself, way off the mark?
Click to rate

marc, tonypandy, United Kingdom, 1 year ago

There was something like this shown on TV some years ago. It was from a programme about
1930s science fiction. It was what life would be like in the 1980s to the 2000s. They got it
WRONG!!!!!!. How much did the clowns get paid for this? I could have done this looking at and
old science fiction magazine for 5. Generally what is predicted what life will be like in fifty years
time is way off the mark.
Click to rate

Sean, Sydney, 1 year ago

Quite unbelievable. In many ways our way of life hasn't changed much in 50 years, I don't see it
transforming that radically in another 50. The technologies really don't exist yet, so a little hard
to project realistically. Reminds me more than anything of those 1950s 'what the future will look
like' comic books -- and where's my flying car? You will need to grow a helluva lot more algae
than that to replace today's use of fossil fuels also. Might make a nice movie about a dystopian
future though -- yet another one.
Click to rate

atwbaker, Exeter, 1 year ago

Wharever - I'm still waiting for my flying car and robot manservant. ...
Click to rate

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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online

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whose body was found in a...
Sumarti Ningsih's 'almost decapitated' and
decomposing body was found stuffed in a suitcase
on Rurik Jutting's balcony in the red-light...
165 comments

3 videos

EXCLUSIVE: Psycho banker's

was having a party!'


Khloe Kardashian
reveals snub as Kendall
celebrates 19th birthday
without Mrs West
Sibling snub?

Romeo Beckham
steals the spotlight from
his famous parents
David and Victoria at
launch of Burberry's
festive film... which he
stars in
Made In Chelsea's
Louise Thompson
awkwardly phones the
other girl in Alik's life...
as the couple look set to
be rocked by fresh
scandal
Made In Chelsea has
lost its mojo, or lost the
plot: 5 storylines that
could have saved it's
most boring episode yet,
by JIM SHELLEY
Louise and Alik back on
Off to a flier! Fashion
forward Gwyneth
Paltrow draws attention
in red trousers as she
hurries to catch a plane
No missing her in those
bright bottoms!
Uncle Poodle 'wants to
star in reality show spinoff with Honey Boo Boo
and Sugar Bear...
following claims he is
planning to fight June for
temporary custody'
'The show wouldn't
come between me and
Wayne': Frankie Bridge
insists she has no fear
of the Strictly love curse
as partner Kevin is 'like
a brother'
Not exactly pitch
perfect! England captain
Wayne Rooney
caterwauls his way
through duet with Ed
Sheeran in after hours
pub singalong
Dapper dude! David
Gandy cuts a dashing
figure as he is named
Best Model at Spanish
GQ Men Of The Year
Awards 2014
No sign of Mollie King...
Camilla goes to war on
behalf of Mexico's sextrafficking victims:
Duchess declares
herself 'humbled' after
meeting woman sold
into prostitution aged 12
Blow for Camilla as new
poll shows majority of
Britons want the Prince
of Wales on the throne
next... but say she
should only become
Princess Consort

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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online

crazed weekend drug binges


turned him into a ZOMBIE, top
former cop reveals
Banker Rurik Jutting's pupils were dilated from
suspected cocaine abuse and he appeared to have
used amphetamines to act as a 'livener',...
27 comments

1 video

British jihadist who urged fellow


Britons 'to get yourself over here'
is believed to have been killed
fighting in Syria for ISIS
British jihadist Abu Abdullah al-Britani has been
reportedly killed while fighting in Syria. ISIS claim
they are mourning the fighter, who...
41 comments

1 video

How it's cheaper to FLY to the US


and buy an Apple iMac than pay for
one in the UK: MailOnline
investigation reveals how tech
firms are...
The iMac (pictured) costs $2,272 (1,704) with taxes
and fees. By comparison, the UK model costs
1,999. Prices for a return flight to the...
8 comments

Happy birthday mom!


Roseanne Barr is
surprised by her sitcom
kids Sara Gilbert, Lecy
Goranson and Michael
Fishman
Show ran for nine years
That dress is working
overtime! Khloe
Kardashian shows off
cleavage and pert
backside in curvehugging number during
cocktail launch
That's some
pregnancy style!
Kourtney Kardashian
wears kinky boots and
cat ears with minidress
to help Kendall Jenner
celebrate her birthday
Well presented: Laura
Whitmore displays
slender figure in trouser
suit as Jo Whiley wows
in caped minidress at
awards gala
Very chic

Should drinking alcohol while


pregnant be a criminal offence?
Landmark case could rule
damaging an unborn baby's health
is illegal

Jason Patric declared


legal parent of his fouryear-old son conceived
via in-vitro with exgirlfriend... following two
year court battle
Accused of being donor

A council in the North West of England is seeking


criminal injuries compensation for a six-year-old girl
with 'growth retardation' caused by...

In good company! Cate


Blanchett shows off
curly cropped hairstyle
as she chats to co-star
Robert Redford on the
set of Truth
Filming in Sydney

139 comments

1 video

'It feels different!'


Angelina Jolie dishes on
marriage to Brad Pitt
and admits to being
'open' to a career in
politics as she covers
Vanity Fair
Ghostly return!
EastEnders' Ian Beale to
be haunted by Lucy, Pat,
Kathy and Cindy for
Children In Need special
Ian Beale will be visited
by demons of his past
That's a Problem! Iggy
Azalea suffers
embarrassing wardrobe
malfunction as her
trousers split during
energetic performance
Too much Booty?
Call The Midwife gets
fifth series: Eight new
episodes will be
broadcast in 2016 as
show moves further into
the 1960s
Taking on new challenge
'You ole trout mouth':
Chris Brown attacks
'muppets' Adrienne
Bailon and Tamar

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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
Braxton after they
criticise him on US talk
show The Real

Sheer disasters the


stars want to forget:
From Cheryl's unsightly
slip to Cara's big black
knickers... when the
daring designs leave the
wearer over-exposed
Nicole Scherzinger
defies the heat in fluffy
boots as she jogs to a
fitness class in cropped
leggings and vibrant
tank top
Dashing to SoulCycle
'You will make great
lives, sorry I won't be
there to share it': Lynda
Bellingham's
heartbreaking letter to
her sons is read at
celebrity-packed funeral
So just how much
money does it take to
get Mariah Carey ready
for a photo shoot? Hint:
A LOT
Carey has developed a
reputation as a diva
All that glitters! Anne
Hathaway and Jessica
Chastain dazzle in
sparkling gowns at
Interstellar premiere in
New York
Pair oozed glamour
Battle of the beauties!
Stylish Alessandra
Ambrosio, plunging Lily
Aldridge and chic Karlie
Kloss face off at CFDA
Vogue awards
Looking fabulous
Lucy Watson goes for
girlie glamour in flirty
dress while sister
Tiffany dresses down in
skinny jeans at
Women's Cancer
fundraising event
'Some items of
clothing are timeless
and some are seasonal.'
MIC's Victoria BakerHarber blasts Sophie
Hermann as she goes
on 'friendship cleanse'
Still on the market!
Binky Felstead admits
her personal trainer
wasn't enough of a 'bad
boy' for her... just as
Alex Mytton comes back
into her life
Meet the Minions!
Kevin, Stuart and Bob
set out to find a new
villainous master in the
new trailer for
Despicable Me spin-off
Released in summer '15
Amanda Bynes 'paying
for her living expenses

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2284208/How-tomorrows-living-skyscrapers-maintained-drones-powered-algae-respond-inhabitants-needs. 10/16

11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
with American Express
gift cards from her
parents'
Troubled star estranged
from her parents

Make-up free Julia


Roberts brightens things
up in a yellow coat as
she enjoys a low key
dinner with her family
That's a bright jacket
Jules!
Leggy in leather!
Adriana Lima covers up
in thick jacket and
trousers after modelling
VS Fantasy Bra on Good
Morning America
Costly undies!
Simply stylish! Model
Joan Smalls looks chic
in loose-fitting check
print dress as she
attends CFDA Vogue
awards
Flirty number
So much on their
plates! New parents
Kelsey Grammer and
Kayte Walsh beam as
they enjoy a relaxed
family meal in LA
Two kids together
Driving Mrs Jolie-Pitt:
Brad gets behind the
wheel of a classic car to
shoot scenes for By The
Sea with Angelina... as
their working
honeymoon continues
Major model moment!
Hailey Baldwin sizzles in
a crop-top and strapless
jumpsuit as she fronts
Revolve fashion
campaign
Stephen's daughter
'We also take the
Oscar, right?': Matthew
McConaughey reveals
son Levi will save his
Academy Award in a
natural disaster
Has his priorities
Work it, birthday girl!
Kendall Jenner
positively struts into
lunch celebration with
her family as she nails
the effortlessly chic offduty model style
What feud? Selena
Gomez serenades
former frenemy Kendall
Jenner on her birthday
with a little help from
Cara Delevingne as they
call a truce
Turning them green
with envy! Salma Hayek
sexes up business attire
in low-cut dress as she
is honoured at charity
event
Amped up the glamour

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2284208/How-tomorrows-living-skyscrapers-maintained-drones-powered-algae-respond-inhabitants-needs. 11/16

11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
Another side to Dakota!
Ms Fanning slips into a
sheer chochet dress to
party with rapper Flo
Rida at star-studded
bash
Caught the eye
'Some days are better
than others!' Sharon
Osbourne reveals she
has been taking antidepressants for 16
years
Opened up about battle
Fit to the core! Kaley
Cuoco keeps it casual
as she steps out with
exercise mat after her
favourite yoga class
The actress is a regular
at the fitness studio
Out with a BANG! Jack
Walton and Lola
Saunders enjoy wild last
night at X Factor house
as remaining acts bond
over private fireworks
display
White hot! Game Of
Thrones star Natalie
Dormer sizzles in
revealing dresses for
Cosmopolitan as she
discusses her 'punkier'
look
Lily Collins wears knee
high boots and hotpants
as she steps out with
her rumoured beau in
West Hollywood
Looked cute and chic in
her outfit
'I'm scared to be
alone': Jennifer Lopez
on being single for the
first time... as she
reveals her struggle
with low self esteem
Married three times
Call Of Duty... Millie
Mackintosh cheers on
husband Professor
Green as they attend
video game launch
Supported her husband
on his gaming night
Hard man Vinnie Jones
sports velvet loafers and
pink shirt as he plays
round of golf with Brit
pals Piers Morgan and
Nigel Lythgoe
Not quite so formidable
Jodie Kidd puts her
best assets on display in
plunging gown as she
attends award
ceremony with husband
David Blakeley
Stunned on Monday
He looks just like his
daddy! Zach Galifianakis
shows off his bouncy
baby boy for FIRST TIME
while out for a stroll
Today was the day to
reveal 14-month-old
Rita Ora gets it very right
with chic corset and
culottes to switch on
Christmas lights in
London

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2284208/How-tomorrows-living-skyscrapers-maintained-drones-powered-algae-respond-inhabitants-needs. 12/16

11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
Ora out at Westfield,
Shepherds Bush

'Getting some tips':


Judy Murray looks
cheerful at Dance 'Til
Dawn press night after
surviving another week
on Strictly
Hasn't quite mastered it
Aussie model Jessica
Gomes works off duty
style in loose-fit
trousers and blazer as
she lunches in Sydney
Missed out showbiz event
Melbourne Cup
Amy Childs shows off
her slim figure in
skintight leather
trousers... after
revealing she is ready
for a new relationship
Looked stunning
Rock 'N' Roll romance!
Richie Sambora, 55,
passionately kisses his
guitarist girlfriend
Orianthi, 29, at the
Breeders Cup Horse
Races
It's a girl! Hunger
Games star Wes Bentley
welcomed his second
child with wife Jacqui
FOUR MONTHS AGO...
and is only telling the
world now
SEBASTIAN
SHAKESPEARE: Is Keira
Knightley's new role
based on Trumpers?
Is her role actually based
on the formidable
Baroness Trumpington?
It's another girl! ExBlossom star and
country music singer
Jenna von Oy welcomes
second daughter into
the world... names her
Marlowe Monroe
They (haven't) lost that
loving feeling: Meg Ryan
and John Mellencamp
look flirty during New
York City stroll after
brief split
Seen out and about
Dinner for one! Melanie
Griffith cuts a lonely
figure as she picks up
takeaway in casual
outfit
Star, 57, continued to
celebrate independence
'Baby is obsessed with
Kale chips'... Pregnant
Catherine Tyldesley
gives into her cravings
as she picks up a bite
She is due to give birth to
her first child next spring
Putting in the leg work!
Jewel shows off her
lean limbs in elegant

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2284208/How-tomorrows-living-skyscrapers-maintained-drones-powered-algae-respond-inhabitants-needs. 13/16

11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
mini-dress at ASCAP
Country Music Awards
Star, 40, showed off her
gorgeous complexion

He's an author too!


Tom Hanks has secured
a deal with Knopf to
publish his collection of
short stories
The actor is writing about
typewriters
Just the two of us:
Make-up free Danielle
Lloyd reveals slim pins
in printed mini dress as
she enjoys a day date
with youngest son
Retail therapy
Olivia Wilde, look away
now! Jason Sudeikis
ties the knot with Alison
Brie... but it's just a
scene for their new film
Sleeping With Other
People
'He's a very strong
man': Ronnie Wood's
son Tyrone says he
admires Mick Jagger for
coping in Australia...
where he learnt of
L'Wren Scott's passing

GADGET REVIEWS
Gadget review: Nexus 7 tablet - Premium
quality at an affordable price
The Nexus 7 is a premium tablet
which comes at a mid-range price.
That's the main selling point,
though it doesn't do justice to its
sleek style and detailed screen.
2 comments

Headphones: Musical Fidelity EB-33


The Musical Fidelity EB-33 in-ear
headphones are impressive. They
offer a strong performance which
more than matches their value and look good too.
comments

Gadget of the week: Orbotix Sphero 2.0


The Sphero 2.0 is a modern
Christmas present. In years past
you would have had a remotecontrol racing car running on AA
batteries.
1 comment

Gadget review: Snugs fitted earphones


Sound quality is normally the
purpose of a headphones review but not in the case of Snugs,
because they can be used on any
earphones.
comments

Gadget of the week: Waka Waka solar


powered lamp
The Waka Waka lamp and phone

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2284208/How-tomorrows-living-skyscrapers-maintained-drones-powered-algae-respond-inhabitants-needs. 14/16

11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
charger is a useful camping tool
and something that could be
extremely useful in the developing
world.
comments

Gadget review: Tivoli Radio Silenz noise


cancelling headphones
The Tivoli Audio Radio Silenz
headphones are light, comfortable
and portable, which makes them
good for travel. They feature stylish
wood panels.
comments

Gadget of the week: Snapdragon 540


degree Photobooth
The Snapdragon Photobooth isn't a
gadget you can buy, but it is the
coolest thing we've seen this week
- it's made up of 130 HTC
smartphones around a spiral unit.
comments

1 video

Gadget review: Jawbone Mini Jambox


Fun. That's the first word that
comes to mind when reviewing the
Jawbone Mini Jambox. As you
would expect from a product with
mini in its name, it's small.
comments

Gadget of the week: Philips Wake-up


Light can make the mornings easier
Nobody likes getting up in the
morning. That's a fact. So spending
money on anything that makes it
less painful is probably a sound
investment.
3 comments

Gadget review: Skullcandy Crusher


Headphones
The Crusher does exactly what it
says on the tin. Unleash an
unrelenting torrent of deep bass
through your eardrums. Be warned,
these are not for the faint-hearted.
comments

Gadget review: Klipsch Image X7i in-ear


headphones with 3-button control
The Klipsch X7i headphones are
nearly perfect. Nearly. The sound is
excellent - and in headphones,
that's 90 per cent of the battle won.
Just some blips hold them back.
comments

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11/4/2014

How tomorrow's 'living' skyscrapers will be maintained by drones and powered by algae to respond to inhabitants' needs | Daily Mail Online
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