Prof.Manoj S.

Kavedia 9860174297 9324258878

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Countdown timer using 8051

microcontroller (AT89C51)
// Program to make a timer similar to the timer in microwave. This
countdown timer counts backwards from a set value and raise an
alarm when the counting is complete.It also has a feature of pause.
#include<reg51.h>
sbit dig_ctrl_4=P1^0; //Declare the control pins for the seven
segment
sbit dig_ctrl_3=P1^1;
sbit dig_ctrl_2=P1^2;
sbit dig_ctrl_1=P1^3;
sbit reset=P1^7;
//Reset pin to reset the timer.
sbit start=P1^6; //Start pin to start the clock after the time is set.
sbit incr=P1^5; //Increment pin to increase the digits for time
setting.
sbit set=P1^4;
// Set pin to set the time.
sbit pause=P3^3;
// Pause pin to pause the operation
sbit buzzer_pin=P3^7;
int sel_seg_to_incr=0;
int ret_seg_to_incre=0;
int recent_incr_seg;
int begin;
unsigned char dig_disp=0;
int min2=0;
int min1=0;
int sec2=0;
int sec1=0;
int p;

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int avi=0;
char
dig_val[10]={0x40,0xF9,0x24,0x30,0x19,0x12,0x02,0xF8,0x00,0x10};//
Hex values corresponding to digits 0 to 9
void delay(int a) // Function to provide a time delay of approx. one
second using Timer 1.
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
TL1=0xFD;
TH1=0x4B;
TR1=1;
while(TF1==0);
TR1=0;
TF1=0;
}
}
int setfn() // Function to select minute and seconds digit to set
value.
{
while(set==0)
{
switch(recent_incr_seg)
{
case 1:
if(set==0)
{
dig_ctrl_4=1;
dig_ctrl_3=0;

//select the min2 digit

Prof.Manoj S. Kavedia 9860174297 9324258878

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dig_ctrl_2=0;
dig_ctrl_1=0;
recent_incr_seg=1;
ret_seg_to_incre=1;
P2=dig_val[min2];
delay(15);
}
case 2:
if(set==0)
{
dig_ctrl_4=0;
dig_ctrl_3=1;
dig_ctrl_2=0;
dig_ctrl_1=0;
recent_incr_seg=2;
ret_seg_to_incre=2;
P2=dig_val[min1];
delay(15);
}

//select the min1 digit

case 3:
if(set==0)//select the sec 2 digit
{
dig_ctrl_4=0;
dig_ctrl_3=0;
dig_ctrl_2=1;
dig_ctrl_1=0;
recent_incr_seg=3;
ret_seg_to_incre=3;
P2=dig_val[sec2];
delay(15);
}

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case 4:
if(set==0)
{
recent_incr_seg=1;
dig_ctrl_4=0;
dig_ctrl_3=0;
dig_ctrl_2=0;
dig_ctrl_1=1;
ret_seg_to_incre=4;
P2=dig_val[sec1];
delay(15);
recent_incr_seg=1;
}
}

//select the sec1 digit

}
return(ret_seg_to_incre);
}
void increase(int a)
//Function to set the minutes or seconds digit
{
while(incr==0)
{
switch(a)
{
case 1: // Set the min2 digit.
P2=dig_val[min2];
delay(15);
min2++;
if(min2==6)
min2=0;
P2=dig_val[min2];
delay(5);
break;

Prof.Manoj S. Kavedia 9860174297 9324258878

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case 2: //Set the min1 digit.

P2=dig_val[min1];
delay(15);
min1++;
if(min1==10)
min1=0;
P2=dig_val[min1];
delay(5);
break;
case 3:
P2=dig_val[sec2];
delay(15);
sec2++;
if(sec2==6)
sec2=0;
P2=dig_val[sec2];
delay(5);
break;
case 4:
P2=dig_val[sec1];
delay(15);
sec1++;
if(sec1==10)
sec1=0;
P2=dig_val[sec1];
delay(5);
break;
}

// Set the sec2 digit.

//Set the sec1 digit.

}
}
void resetfn() // This function brings the clock to reset or set mode.

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{
IE=0x84; // Disable Timer0 interrupt to stop the display of the clock
sel_seg_to_incr=1;
recent_incr_seg=1;
if(begin==0)
{
dig_ctrl_4=1; //Enable the min2 digit and disable others
dig_ctrl_3=0;
dig_ctrl_2=0;
dig_ctrl_1=0;
}
begin=0;
P2=dig_val[min2];
delay(5);
while(1)
{
if(start==0)
//Check if start pin is pressed
{
TMOD=0x11;
//Reset the Timer0
TL0=0xf6;
TH0=0xFf;
IE=0x86;
TR0=1;
break;
}
if(set==0)
sel_seg_to_incr=setfn();
if(incr==0)
increase(sel_seg_to_incr);
}
}

Prof.Manoj S. Kavedia 9860174297 9324258878

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void display() interrupt 1 // Function to display the digits on seven

segment using multiplexing.
{
TL0=0x36;//Reload Timer0
TH0=0xf6;
P2=0xFF;
dig_ctrl_1 = dig_ctrl_3 = dig_ctrl_2 = dig_ctrl_4 = 0;
dig_disp++;
dig_disp=dig_disp%4;
switch(dig_disp)
{
case 0:
P2=dig_val[sec1];
dig_ctrl_1 = 1;
break;
case 1:
P2= dig_val[sec2];
dig_ctrl_2 = 1;
break;
case 2:
P2= dig_val[min1];
dig_ctrl_3 = 1;
break;
case 3:
P2= dig_val[min2];
dig_ctrl_4 = 1;
break;
}
}

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void pauselock() interrupt 2

{
avi=1;
}

//Function for pause mode

void main()
{
pause=1;
set=1;
//Delaring set, reset, start and incr as input pins
reset=1;
start=1;
incr=1;
recent_incr_seg=1;
begin=1;
TMOD=0x11;
//Intialize Timer0
TL0=0x36;
TH0=0xF6;
IE=0x86;
TR0=1;
//Trigger Timer0
while(1)
// Back counting.
{
while(min2>=0)
{
while(min1>=0)
{
while(sec2>=0)
{
while(sec1>=0)
{
p=1;
while(min2==0&&min1==0&&sec2==0&&sec1==0&&reset!
=0&&begin==0)
{

Prof.Manoj S. Kavedia 9860174297 9324258878

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if(p==1)
{
buzzer_pin=0;
delay(50);
buzzer_pin=1;
p++;
}
}
if(reset==0 || begin==1)
{
dig_ctrl_4=1;
dig_ctrl_3=1;
dig_ctrl_2=1;
dig_ctrl_1=1;
resetfn();
}
while(avi==1&&start==1);
avi=0;
delay(20);
sec1--;
}
sec1=9;
sec2--;
}
sec1=9;
sec2=5;
min1--;
}
sec1=9;
sec2=5;
min1=9;
min2--;

//Enable all segments

Prof.Manoj S. Kavedia 9860174297 9324258878

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}
min2=5;
}
}