In electricity supply to final

consumers, losses refer to the amount of

electricity injected into the transmision
nddisribution grid that are not paid for by
users. the first step, we must understand the
complete picture of power systems losses.
(losses) is the amount of energy lost in the
process flow of electrical energy from the
substation to the consumer.

proportional to the voltage and a coil

connected in series with one of the leads that
produces a flux proportional to the current.
The dot product of those two fluxes creates a
force proportional to the load power. An
illustration of the basic components of the
watt-hour meter.

Power system losses can be divided

into two categories: technical losses and nontechnical losses.

METHODS OF ELECTRICITY THEFT

The most probable causes of NTL are:

Electricity theft
Non-payment by customers
Errors in accounting and report
keeping.
Electricity theft
is defined as a conscience attempt by
a person to reduce or eliminate the
amount of money he or she will owe
the utility for electric energy.
When the theft occur ?
1. An illegal consumer steal directly
from the distribution line or from
another legal consumer
2. A legal consumer steal either by
passing the meter or tampering with
the meter to make it read less or non
consumption
3. There is a collusion between the
consumer and company employee to
reduce the amount paid to the
company

Process flow meter

there are two coils that produce
electromagnetic fluxes: a coil, connected
across the two leads, that produces a flux

There are three main categories for methods

of electricity theft:
1. Slowing down the meter
A common method of tampering the
older meter is attach the magnet to
the outside the meter, when it
happen, the rotor disc is exposed by
magnetic field. So, the resultant
opposing magnetic field to the rotoris
highly increas leading to slowing
down the rotor disc or stopping the
disc rotation.
So, electricity meter is thus
manipulation and ultimately is
consumed without being paid for.
2. Inverting the meter
Thecomplate picture of the
invertingthe meter is to change
position of the positif to negatif, or
negatif to positif,
3. By passing the meter
Inthis method, the meter doesnt use
the fuse, so the consumer can use to
over power than the power they use
before.
The other way for electricity theft is
directly connecting an unregistered
load to a power line, and cut the
neutal line.
As a result of theft of electricity led to,
among others:

 There was loss of voltage (loses) , that mean

voltage is not distributed or sold in
accordance with the rupiah, so power
company (PLN) suffered loss.
Load the transformer will be Over Load
which is fatal will happen transformer
exploded, because the load exceeds the
available capacity or the ability of the
transformer is limited.
electricity company (PLN) suffered losses
due to function diversion of social tariff rates
used household without any report to PLN so
that the energy is not distributed in
accordance with the rupiah received.
electricity company (PLN) suffered losses
due to reverse flow which is fatal to
consumers themselves because the way the
connection is not correct or greater power
taken without any barrier, so that the energy
distribution is not acording to income
If the transformer Over Burden (OB) until
there is a transformer exploded, all of which
improve the utility company without the help
of the consumer, who ultimately suffered a
loss of PLN for the replacement transformer
exploded over the load.
So also if there function diversion of sosial
rates into the household rates,as a result, the
company's earnings power is reduced or
small.