1) a. A boot is a kind of shoe.

b. Houses have roofs.

c. These peoples are not Europeans.
d. A dog is good friend to a man.

2)

Tim

e. A cigarette is made of tobacco and paper.

e. c
om

GRAMMAR TEST - 012

a. Put a lemon in your soup instead of salt.

b. Fruit is very good for you.

c. Australian sheep give us some very good wool.

d. Coffee is a drink. Tea is another drink.

3)

lt-

e. I can write in ink or with a pencil.

a. What a pity your friend couldn't come!

b. What stupid of me!

w.E

c. What a clever boy you are!

d. How stupid can you get?
e. What awful news!

a. He took up swimming as a sport last year.

ww

4)

b. I should like a house in a country.

c. May I walk you home?
d. Donkeys are stupid animals.

5)

e. c
om

e. I am fond of apples with cheese.

a. Just between you and me, it's her I'm afraid of, not him.
b. Do you really consider him is stronger than me?

c. What! Me accept a present from him! I never even speak to him!

d. Surely, it's him you mean, not me!

6)

Tim

e. I think you're far prettier than them all.

a. The parents of all the other boys = All the other boys' parents
b. A club for women = A womens' club

c. The glass of someone else = Someone else's glass

d. The name of my sister-in-law = My sister-in-law's name

7)

lt-

e. Toys for children = Children's toys

a. That's too much money for a toy like that!

b. He is too unpopular to win the elections.

w.E

c. This soup is too hot for me to drink it.

d. I don't have enough money on me to pay the bill.

e. The wind is strong enough to blow the roof off.

a. You may come and see me any day, but you must come some day.

ww

8)

b. "Please give me some more." "I'm sorry, but there isn't some left."
c. Didn't you do some work yesterday? I feel certain you did.
d. You aren't expecting anyone to call, are you?

9)

e. c
om

e. These aren't my books. Did I take some of yours by mistake?

a. What were you two talking about out there in the garden?
b. How many of those are yours?
c. Who phoned this morning?
d. Which feet have you hurt?

10)

Tim

e. Who told you to do it?

a. He is much less cooperative than we had expected he would be.

b. She's not so ugly as you said she was.

c. She is so stupid as I thought she would be.

d. You'd be less well-off if you were married and had children.

11)

lt-

e. It is safer to tease a lion than scorn a woman.

a. I had my car repaired for me yesterday.

b. We don't have them cleaned very often.

w.E

c. Have someone bring it to you on a tray.

d. Why don't you have it brought to you on a tray?

e. Will you have it seen to soon?

a. All junior officers are to report to the Colonel at once.

ww

12)

b. I'm supposed to go and see the boss this afternoon.

c. Do I have to show my pass every time I go in?
d. You've got to give it back to me before you leave.

13)

e. c
om

e. No, you haven't to salute him every time you see him.

a. I needn't have bought a new one, so I've brought the old one back.

b. They didn't need to push it into the corner, because it was there already.
c. You needn't have said anything; then he would never have known.

d. You needn't have bought any food; but since you have, let's eat it now.

14)

Tim

e. We didn't need to say anything at all, which was a great relief for us all.

a. A regular chair can't stand on three legs; nor can a square table...
b. She used to get up early, but her husband didn't.

c. My friend hates mosquitoes. So does almost everyone I know.

d. The fish must be fried, but needn't the potatoes.

15)

lt-

e. You needn't stay at home, but I must.

a. "He wasn't late last night." "No, he wasn't, was he?"

b. They don't understand what we are saying, do they?

w.E

c. There never was any talk of it, was there?

d. "You're rather late." "Yes, I am a bit, aren't I?"

e. Doing all these exercises will do you a lot of good, won't they?

a. What have you been doing while I've been out?

ww

16)

b. Have you ever been beyond Erzurum?

c. What good films have you seen during this past fortnight?
d. Have you been waiting long for me?

17)

a. I generally do wear a hat in winter.

b. I nearly always have to do it myself.

e. c
om

e. You have been smoking at least five cigarettes since you came.

c. I have seen rarely a worse piece of workmanship.

d. He always does say rude things like that.

18)

Tim

e. He only lent it to me.

a. The boy fell down as he was running.

b. When the war broke out, we lived in Mersin.

c. We went fishing everyday when we were in Gcek.

d. When we were living in that house we had three servants.

19)

lt-

e. You were wearing a new hat when I met you yesterday.

a. You'll have noticed from my lecture how complicated this subject really is.
b. I take it that this is the right way of doing it.

w.E

c. Am I supposed to think that this'll be the very last time?

d. I shall have done a lot of work while he will be asleep.
e. I take it for granted that you'll finish the job on time.

20)

a. The valley had been flooded a year ago and it still shows some signs of it.

ww

b. I was certain that they would ask me what had happened to their friend.
c. She was wondering why I hadn't visited her before?
d. It was an ex-convict who had done the killing.
e. He jumped up as if he'd been stung.

e. c
om

06. b

11. a

16. e

02. a

07. c

12. e

17. c

03. b

08. b

13. a

18. b

04. b

09. d

14. d

19. d

05. b

10. c

15. e

20. a

ww

w.E

lt-

Tim

01. d

1) Yanl: d. A dog is good friend to a man.

e. c
om

AIKLAMALI YANITLAR

Bu soru, "countables/uncountables -- saylabilir ve saylamaz" adlar zerine kurulu. "Friend"

szc "saylabilir ad" olup, doru kullanm "is a good friend" olurdu. Bu tip konular, halen
zerinde almay srdrdm "ngilizce'nin Pf Noktalar" balkl e-kitapta ayrntlar ile ele
alyorum.
Gl eldirici: c. These peoples are not Europeans.

**"There are five peoples in the house," diyemezsiniz... "five people" demek zorundasnz. Ama,
"halklar" anlamna kullandnzda "peoples" geerlidir. u rneklere bknz:

Turkish-speaking peoples

Tim

peoples and cultures of The Middle East

One Land - Two Peoples: A Federal Solution for Israel and the Palestinians
a study of the peoples of Africa

The human rights situation of the indigenous peoples in Africa

Tpk, **"There are five fish on my plate," diyemeyeceiniz gibi... Ama, "fishes of the world" -yani "dnyadaki balk eitleri"...

lt-

2) Yanl: a. Put a lemon in your soup instead of salt.

Amalanan "limon suyu" dur. O da saylamaz (uncountable) dr. O halde doru yant "put some
lemon" (lemon juice, anlamnda)... "a lemon" dediimiz zaman, "koskoca bir limonu cumburlop ayna
koy" nerisini getirmi oluyoruz:

w.E

Gl eldirici: "Australian sheep give"... "sheep" szcnn tekil ve oulu ayndr: "an
Australian sheep" demeyip, genel ve oul anlamda kullandmza gre "sheep give" dorudur.
"gives" yanl olurdu...
"Coffee is a drink. Tea is another drink." tmcesi, ve "in ink", "with a pencil" ibarelerini
belleinize olduu gibi yerletirin. Kimi zaman dorudan ezber, aklamaa almaktan ok daha
tasarruflu bir yol olur... Bu testte, bu ekilde iinize ok yarayacak, ok sayda ezber tmcesi
var...

ww

3) Yanl: b. What stupid of me!

Dorusu, "How stupid of me!" (Amma da budalalk ediyorum / etmiim!...) Ksaca aklayalm: Bu
vurgulu yap kategorisinde, adlar iin "what", sfat ve zarflar (belirteler) iin "how" kullanlr.
Tmce dztmce olur, yani soru biiminde kurulmaz: What a clever boy you are! Soru sormuyoruz,
yorum yapyoruz: "Ne kadar da akll bir ocuksun sen bakiim!" (iltifat, takdir)...

e. c
om

"How stupid can you get?" farkl bir kategoriden bir tmce. "You" burada "one" (kii, ben sen, o)
anlamnda... "nsan nasl byle bir aptallk yapabilir, aptallaabilir, hayret bii, yahu..."
"What awful news!" = Ne berbat bir haber (veya haberler)... "News" szc "saylamaz ad"
olduu iin, "article" (a, an, the) almad...
4) Yanl: b. I should like a house in a country.

country =1. lke, memleket; 2. krsal kesim, kylk yer, kent d... Burada amalanan ikinci
anlamdr: Doru deyi, "in the country" dir. "Bir lkede bir ev", gramer olarak doru, ama anlam
olarak samadr: Dnyada "bir lkede olmayan bir ev" zaten yok ki...
I am fond of apples with cheese. = Severim severim, kime ne? (Tmce, yine saylabilir ve
saylamaz adlara dayal...)

Tim

May I walk you home? = Size evinize kadar elik edebilir miyim? (Olduu gibi ezberleyiniz.
Yaklamnz, "Demek ki adamlar bu laf byle sylyorlar," olmal...
5) Yanl: b. Do you really consider him is stronger than me?

lk bakta "him", "consider" fiilinin nesnesi ve doru gibi grnyor; aslnda "consider that he
is..." eklinde balayan tmceliin znesi ve yaln halde olmas gerekiyor...
Gl eldirici: c. What! Me accept a present from him! I never even speak to him! = Ne! Ben ha!
Ondan bir hediye kabul edeceim ha! vb. vb. Konuma dilinde byle bir ifadenin kullanlabileceini
not ediniz.

lt-

AZCIK FELSEFE: nsan kendi dilinde, yabanclara yada okullarda kendi ocuklarmza

rettiimiz kurallar nasl da atr atr iniyor. ineyince de, bu "vurgulu anlatm" yada
dpedz "yaratclk" oluyor. Eh, zaten yle olmasa, bir bakma hala dedelerimizin konutuu gibi
konuuyor olurduk... Ksacas, "kurallar inenebilir", ama nce aslnda kurallar bildiinize
herkesin inanmas gerek. Yani, "dilime kfreden bari Trke biliyor olsa"...

w.E

6) Yanl: b. A club for women = A womens' club

"women" zaten ouldur. Dorusu: women's...

7) Yanl: c. This soup is too hot for me to drink it.

ww

"it" fazlalk... DKKAT: Trke'de, "Bu orba, onu imem iin..." ok doal olduu iin, bu kategori
tmcelerde kolaylkla hataya debiliriz... Dikkat ederseniz dier tmcelerdeki "infinitive"
(mastar) yaplarnn ayr birer nesnesi var. Ama burada, "to drink" fiilinin nesnesi, zaten "this
soup" ve bir adl (zamir) ile yinelenmesi fuzuli...
8) Yanl: b. "Please give me some more." "I'm sorry, but there isn't some left."
Eminim ki burada hi glk ekmediniz. Dorusu "there isn't any left"...

9) Yanl: d. Which feet have you hurt?

e. c
om

a. You may come and see me any day, but you must come some day. = Bu tmce soru ve yorumlara
hedef oldu. "Any" ve "some" szcklerini vurgulu okuyunuz ve tmcenin anlamna bknz.: "Beni
herhangi bir gn gelip grebilirsin; ama birgn mutlaka gelmelisin."

Dikkat sorusu: "Hangi ayaklarnz?" -- Ancak krkayaklara sorulabilecek bir soru...

10) Yanl: c. She is so stupid as I thought she would be.
"not so stupid as" veya "as stupid as" olmalyd

as + sfat + as = gerek olumlu gerek olumsuz yaplarda;

so + sfat + as = yalnz olumsuz yaplarda kullanlabilir...

Tim

11) Yanl: a. I had my car repaired for me yesterday.

Eer, "bakas iin deil, kendim iin tamir ettirttim" demek zorunda kalsaydk, kendine dnl
(reflexive) "for myself" yapsn kullanmamz gerekirdi.
Tabii ok zor bir soru... klarn ierdii yaplar, ngilizcenin "ettirgen" (causative) yaplar:
Have someone bring it to you on a tray. = "have somebody do something" (birisine birey
yaptrtmak) yapsnn emir hali... Yani, karmdaki kiiye, "Onu kendine getirttir" diyorum...

lt-

Will you have it seen to soon? = "have something done" (bireyi yaptrtmak) yapsndan future
soru... "see to" (gereini yapmak, icabna bakmak) fiili kafa kartryor. "Will you have it repaired
soon?" deseydim, soru bir anda kolaylard...
12) Yanl: e. No, you haven't to salute him every time you see him.
have to + yaln fiil = zorunluluk yapsnn olumsuzu, "don't have to" eklindedir.

w.E

13) Yanl: a. I needn't have bought a new one, so I've brought the old one back.
Anlamca mantksz: "Yenisini satn aldm, ama meer almam gerekmiyormu (bunu sonradan
anladm); bu yzden de ite eskisi"... (Trke'de baya mantkl grnd di mi!)...
didn't need to do... Yapmak zorunda olmadm iin banda anlald, dolaysyla da byle birey
yapmadm...

ww

needn't have done... Meer yapmam gerekmiyormu, ama bu sonradan anlald; bu arada ne yazk
ki yapm bulunuyorum...
Reklama girecek ama, bu tr konular "Practical English for Turks" elektronik kitabmn "yardmc
filler" blmnde ayrntlar ile ileniyor...
14) Yanl: d. The fish must be fried, but needn't the potatoes.

e. c
om

Fiil, znenin sana gemeli; soru sormuyoruz... "but the potatoes needn't." ("needen't be fried"
eklinde yinelemee gerek yok.)
15) Yanl: e. Doing all these exercises will do you a lot of good, won't they?
Doing... will..., won't it?

klardaki u iki tmcede ise, karmzdaki kiinin gzlem yada yorumuna katldmz
belirtiyoruz: "He wasn't late last night." "No, he wasn't, was he?" ("Dn gece ge kalmad."
"Gerekten de ge kalmad, yle deil mi?")... "You're rather late." "Yes, I am a bit, aren't I?"
("Ge kaldn." "Doru walla, biraz ge kaldm, yle deil mi?")
16) Yanl: e. You have been smoking at least five cigarettes since you came.

Tim

flah olmaz bir tiryaki olan bendeniz bile ayn anda be sigara "iegelmi" olamam... Yine reklama
girecek ama, bu tr konular "Practical English for Turks" elektronik kitabmn "the tenses"
blmnde ayrntlar ile ileniyor...
17) Yanl: c. I have seen rarely a worse piece of workmanship.

Dorusu, "I have rarely seen..." Bu soru, bu kategorideki belirtelerin tmce iindeki yerini
ilgilendiriyor... "only" szcnn ise yerinin tmyle oynak olabileceine ve her konumda tmceye
farkl bir nans kazandracana dikkat ediniz.
18) Yanl: b. When the war broke out, we lived in Mersin.

lt-

"Tense" yanl. "were living in Mersin" olmalyd: savan patlak verdii noktada devam etmekte
olan bir sreten sz ediyoruz...
19) Yanl: d. I shall have done a lot of work while he will be asleep.
"while he is asleep"... Temel tmcelik herhangi bir "future tense" olduunda, zaman bildiren bal
(yan) tmcelik bir "present tense" olmak zorundadr...

w.E

20) Yanl: a. The valley had been flooded a year ago and it still shows some signs of it.

ww

"Ago", gnmzden geriye doru sreyi ler. Past perfect ise, "gemiteki bir noktann
gemiinden" sz eder... Dolaysyla, doru anlatm "the year before"... eklinde olurdu... Yok, eer
sel bugn itibariyle "bir yl nce" olmusa, bu takdirde de "The valley was flooded..." eklinde
Simple Past Tense kullanmalydk...

10