Automation QTP

Ways of Testing:
There are two ways of Testing

1.Manual Testing
2.Automation Testing
1.Manual Testing:
It is a way of testing in which one will perform all the phases of software
testing life cycle like Test planning, Test development, Test execution, Result analysis, Bug
tracking, and Reporting are accomplished manually, successfully with human efforts.
Drawbacks of Manual Testing:
More number of people are required
Time consuming
Human mistakes (No accuracy)
Tiredness / Bore
Simultaneous action are not possible
Cannot repeat the same task again and again in a

perfect manner.
2.Automation Testing:
Automation testing is a process in which all the drawbacks of manual testing
are addressed properly and provides speed and accuracy to the existing testing process.
Drawbacks of Automation Testing:
Tools are Expensive
Cannot automate all the area
Lack of experts
Automated Tool:
Automated tool is an assistant of a test engineer, which works based on the
instructions and information given by a test engineer.
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General Frame Work to learn any automated Tool:

A test engineer should learn the following to work with any automated tool
How to give the instructions?
How to give the information?
How to use its recording facility?
How to use its play back facility?
How to analyze the results?
Types of Automated Tools:

A black box testing tools are broadly divided in to Three types
1. Functional tools (QTP, Win runner)
2. Management Tools (Test Director/Quality
Center)
3. Performance tools (Load Runner)
QTP (Quick Test Professional)

Type Of The Tool:
Company:
Functional Tool
Mercury Interactive incorporation
Scripting Language:
VB- Script
Version:
#5.5,#6.5,#7.0,#7.6,#8.0,#8.2(2005),#9.0,#9.1,#9.2,#9.5,#10.0,#11.0
EMP
Anatomy of QTP:
E name
E age
E Sal
E Desig
Submit
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Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(ename).set Sri Balaji

Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(eage).set27
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(esal).set20000
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(edeisig).setTE
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(submit).set click.
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbEdit("VbEdit").Set "10"
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbEdit("VbEdit_2").Set "20"
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("ADD").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("SUB").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("MUL").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("DIV").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("CLEAR").Click
Adding Manager:
Adding manager is a feature provided by QTP which is used for showing
all the list of addings while opening the QTP so that the user can select the desired
addings and then enter in to the QTP, Before the user access the QTP the adding
manager will make the QTP compatible with all the selected environments.
By default QTP is always compatible with standard windows

environment.
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Whenever we purchase QTP we get Three built-in addings.

1.Activex
2.Visual Basic
3.Web.
A part from the above add-ins one needs to purchase the add-inns by paying extra cost.
QTP screen can be divided in to five parts

1.Test Pane
2.Active screen
3.Data Table
4.Debug Viewer Pane
5.Tool Options
1.Test Pane:
Test pane is an area provided by QTP, which is used for developing,
viewing, and modifying the test screen. It represents the test scripts in two views
(a). Expert view
(b). Key word view
(a). Expert view: It represents the script in VB script format
(b). Keyword view: Keyword view represents the script using a graphical user interface
(GUI) which is further divided in to four parts.
Item
Operation Value
Documentation
2.Active Screen:
Active screen is an area provided by QTP, which holds the snapshots of each and
every script statements and used for the following.
Easily understanding the script
Easily enhancing the script.
3.Data-Table:
The date table is originally called as formula1 sheet developed by third party and
integrated with QTP.
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Features:
It is used for holding the test data
It isolates the test script from the data source.
It provides the facility to import the test data from

different data sources like excel files, data base and flat
files (a file with out having format)
It allows the user to interact with the data directly
Note: QTP maintains two copies of data tables

i.
Design time data table
ii.
Run time data table
4. Debug Viewer Pane:

Definition of Debugging: Debugging Is a process of executing the script or a
program in a user desired passion with some temporary breaks in order to identify the
errors.
Debug viewer pane is an area provided by QTP which is used for viewing,
modifying or setting the current values of variables or expressions during the execution
break with the help of three Tabs by name Watch expression, Variables and Command
5.Tool- Options:
All the options available in the menu bar, file tool bar and testing tool bar are
known as tool-options.
RECORDING AND RUNNING

Record and Run Settings:
For every new test one has to compulsorily do this settings before recording or
running. These settings will make to understand on which applications it need to
concentrate while recording or running.
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Navigation:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option record and run settings
Select one of the following options

Record and run test on any opened windows based application
Record and run on these application (opened on session start)
If at all second option is selected then click on add button
Browse the desired application part
Click on OK
Click on apply & OK.
Operational overview of Recording:

During recording QTP will do the following..
1. It will generate corresponding script statements for every user
action on the application.
2. It will store the required related information in the object
repository.
Operational overview of Running:

During running QTP will doing the following..
1. It will read the script statement and understands what action
to be performed on which object.
2. Then it realizes it need to identify the object first to perform
the action
3. To identify the object it requires some information for that
information it will go the object repository and search.
4. Once the information is found using this information it will
try to identify the original object.
5. Once the object is identified it will perform the action on it.
Recording Modes:
There are there types of recording mode
(a). Context sensitive recording mode or Normal recording mode
(b). Analog Recording Mode
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(c). Low-level Recording mode.
(a). Context sensitive Recording mode:

It is used for recording the operations performed on the standard GUI
object in different situations
(b). Analog Recording Mode:

It is a special recording mode provided by QTP, which is used for
recording the continuous operations
Navigation:
Keep the tool under normal recording mode
Select the option analog recording
Select one of the following option

o
Record relative to the screen
Record relative to the following window

If at all second option is selected specify the window
title with the help of the Hand Icon

Click on start analog record
(c). Low-Level Recording:

It is a special recording mode provided by QTP, which is used for
recording at least some minimum operations on the non-supported environments also.
OBJECT REPOSITORY
Object Repository:
Object repository is a storage place where one can store the objects
information and it also acts as interface between
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n the test script and the AUT(application under test) in order to identify the original
objects during execution
Types of Object Repository:

There are two types of object repository they are
1. Per-Action Repository
2. Shared Repository
(1). Per-Action Repository:

If at all this type is selected as an object repository then the QTP will be
automatically creating and managing an individual repository for every action.
(2). Shared Repository:

Shared repository has to be created and managed manually once a
shared repository to created it can be shared among number of tests
Advantages:
Easy to maintain
Re-usability
Navigation for creating a shared Repository or Converting a per action in to

shared:
Collect the objects information in to the object repository
Click on export
Browse the desired location
Specify the file name with .TSR extension
Click on save button
Navigation for Creating the Shared Repository to the currant test:
Select the option settings
Select the resources tab
Select the option shared in the object repository type

section
Browse the desired repository file
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Click on apply & OK
Note: .TSR means Test Shared Repository
OPERATIONS ON OBJECT REPOSITORY

Navigation for adding the objects in to the object repository:
Open the object repository
Click on add objects button
Click on the title bar of the window
Click on ok
Only the selected objects
Selected objects and all its direct children
Selected objects and all its descendents
Click on OK
Navigation for deleting the objects form the object repository:
Select the desired object to be deleted in the object

hierarchy
Right click on it
Select the option delete
Confirm the deleting by clicking on
Navigation for Re naming the objects:

Select the desired object in the object hierarchy
Right click on it
Select the option Rename
Specify the desired name
Navigation for updating the properties list:
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YES
Click on add/Remove button
Select the desired properties to be added in to the

properties list
Deselect the properties to be removed from the properties

list
Click on OK
Highlight:
Highlight button is used for highlighting the corresponding object in the
AUT so that a test engineer can clearly understand which objects information is that.
OBJECT IDENTIFICATION
Object identification:
Object identification is based on four types of properties and an ordinal
identifier
Types of properties:
1. Mandatory Properties
2. Assistive properties
3. Base-Filter Properties
4. Optional Filter properties
A test engineer can specify the list of mandatory properties, List of assistive properties,
List of base filter properties, list of ordinal filter properties and an ordinal identifier.
QTP learns the information in the following in case only normal brain:
First of all the QTP will learn all the mandatory properties at a time and then think
weather these properties are sufficient to identify the object uniquely. If it feels
sufficient then it will stop learning otherwise it will learn the first assistive property and
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once again stops and thinks weather these properties are sufficient to identify the
object uniquely. If it feels sufficient then it stops learning otherwise learns the second
assistive property and checks weather these properties are sufficient or not. This
process continuous till the QTP satisfies or up to the end of the assistive properties list.
At the end of the assistive properties list also if it feels not satisfied then it will finally
learn the ordinal identifier and stops learning.
QTP learns the information in the following way in case of smart brain also:
While learning the mandatory properties along with them it will learn the
base filter properties, optional filter properties and stores them in the secret place.
It considers the mandatory properties only and check weather these
properties are sufficient to identify the object uniquely. and repeats the above process.
Note: In the above learning process except base filter properties and optional filter
properties all the remaining information learnt will be stored in the object repository.
QTP will use the information in the following way to identify the object during
execution:
First of all QTP will use all the properties present in the object repository
except ordinal identifier and try to identify the object. If at all the object is not identified
then it will forget about all these properties and freshly enters in to the secret place.
QTP will consider all the base filter properties and try to identify the
object and forms a list of all the objects that are matched with the base filter properties.
If the list contains only one object then that is the object otherwise it will take the
support of first optional filter property and try to match with all the object present in
the list and forms a new list of all the objects that are matched with that property and
then check weather the list is containing one object or more that one object. If the list is
containing more than one object then it will consider the second optional filter property
and repeats the whole procedure till the list contains on object or up to the end of the
optional properties list.
At the end of the optional filter properties list also if the list is containing more than one
object then it will finally go to the object repository and check weather the ordinal
identifier is available or not. If at all the ordinal identifier is available it will identify the
object roughly using that otherwise HANDSUP.
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Ordinal Identifiers:
There are three types of ordinal identifiers
1.Location
2.Index
3.Creation time
1.Location:
If at all the location is selected, as an ordinal identifier then the QTP will
generate a sequence of numbers from 0,1,2,3 based on the sequence of the objects
located in AUT.
2.Index:
If at all the index is selected as an ordinal identifier than the QTP will
generate the numbers from 0,1,2,3. Based ob the sequence of the programs of the
objects.
3.Creation Time (specially for web pages):

If at all creation time is selected as an ordinal identifier the QTP will
generate the number from 0,1,2,3, based on the loading time of the web pages
Smart Identification:
When ever the QTP is unable to identify the objects with the help of the
properties present in the object repository then the special mechanism provided by QTP
to identify the object smartly with some other properties is known as smart
identification.
Navigation for Object identification Configuration:
Activate the menu item tools
Select the option object identification
Select the desired environment
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Select the desired object type
Specify the desired list of mandatory properties and assistive

properties with the help of corresponding add/ remove buttons
Select the ordinal identifier
Smart identification
Select the check box enable smart identification
Click on configure button
Specify the desired list of base filter properties and optional filter
properties with the help of add/remove buttons
Click on OK
Click once again on Ok
Object Spy:
Object spy is a handy feature provided by QTP which is used for showing
the complete objects information like list of properties and their values, list of
methodology, syntax for methodology and description of methods then and there on the
spot immediately of both test objects as well as runtime objects.
Navigation for Object SPY:
Select the option object spy
Click on the hand icon
Click on the desired object
Types Of Objects:
There are two types of objects 1.Run time objects
2.Test objects
1.Run time objects:

All the original objects present in the AUT are known as run time objects
2.Test Objects:
Test objects are the reference objects created by the QTP for run time
objects, stored in object repository and used by the QTP for the original objects
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QTP LIFE CYCLE
QTP life cycle contains Six phases

I.
Test planning
II.
Generating the basic test
III.
Enhancing the test
IV.
Debugging the test
V.
Executing the test
VI.
Analysis the Results
I. Test Planning:
In this phase the automation test lead will do the following
1. Under standing the requirements
2. Identifying all the areas to be automated
3. Analyzing both the negative and positive flow of the
application
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4. Preparing the automation test plan document based on the

analysis
5. Preparing the tool ready with all the pre configurational
settings for the further operations
II. Generating the basic test:

In this phase the automation test engineer will generate the basic test
engineer will generate the basic test for both the +ve and ve flow of the application
IIII. Enhancing the Test:

One can enhance the script in the following ways
1. Inserting the check points
2. Synchronizing the test
3. Parameterising the test (Data Driven Testing)
4. Inserting the out put value statements
5. Inserting the transactional points for measuring
transactions
6. Inserting the programmatic statements
7. Adding comments
8. Inserting the script statement manually
1.Check Point:
Checkpoint is defined as validation pointer test point which checks the
objects state or bitmap state or data state during execution at any point of time
Operational over view of checkpoint:

Checkpoint works in two phases
i.
Pre-execution Phase:
It captures the expected value
Generates the corresponding test script statement
ii. While-execution phase:

It captures the actual value
Compared the actual value with the expected value
Displays the result
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Types Of Checkpoints:
a. Standard checkpoints
b. Bitmap checkpoint
c. Text checkpoint
d. Text area checkpoint
e. Data base checkpoint
f.
XML checkpoint
g. Page checkpoint
For Web
Checkpoints
Hidden Checkpoints
h. Table checkpoint
i.
Image checkpoint
j.
Accessibility checkpoint
a. Standard Checkpoints:
Standard checkpoint is used for checking the standard GUI objects

properties value, it can be inserted in two ways
i.
Through application
ii.
Through Active Screen
Navigation through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Go to checkpoint
Select the option standard checkpoint
Click on the desired object in the AUT
Click on OK
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Select the desired properties to be checked
Specify the desired expected values
Click on OK
Stop Recording
Navigation through active screen:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement so that the

corresponding snapshot is displayed in the active screen
Go to active screen right click on the desired object
Select the option insert standard check point
Click on OK
Specify the desired expected values

o
Before current step
After current step
Click on OK
(b) Bitmap checkpoints:

Bitmap checkpoint is used for checking the complete bitmap or apart of a
bitmap. It can be inserted in two ways
i.
Through application
ii.
Through Active Screen
Keep the cursor in the desired location of the screen
Select the option bitmap check point
Click on the desired bitmap
Click on OK
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If at all one need select a part of bitmap then select it using the
select area button
If at all one need save only the selected part then select the check
box save only selected area
Click on OK
Navigation Through Application:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement so that the

corresponding is displayed in the active screen
Go to the active screen
Right click on the bit map
Select the option insert bitmap check point
Click on OK
If at all one need to select a part of bitmap then select it using

select area button
IF alt all one need to save only the selected part select the check
box save only selected area

o
Before currant step
After currant step
Click on OK
(C). Text Checkpoint:

Text checkpoint is used for checking the text present on a specified
object. It can be inserted in two ways
i.
Through application
ii.
Through Active
Keep the cursor in the desired location of the screen
Click on check point
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Click on text checkpoint
Click on the desired text
Select the following option

o
Match case
Exact match
Ignore space
Text not displayed
Click on OK
Navigation through Active Screen:
Keep the cursor on the desired location so that the

corresponding snapshot is available in the active screen
Right Click on the desired position
Click on insert text checkpoint
Click on desired text
Select the following option

o
Match case
Exact match
Ignore space
Text not displayed
Click on ok
(d) Text Area Check Point:

Test area checkpoint is used for checking the test presenting a
specified area. It can be inserted only through the application but not through the
active screen
Keep the cursor on the desired location of the screen
Select the opinion text area checkpoint
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Select the exact area through cross hair pointers
Choose the following options

o
Match case
Exact match
Ignore space
Text not displayed
Click on OK
Stop Recording
(e) Data Base Checkpoint:

Data base check point is used for checking the contents of the data base
Navigation:
Activate menu item insert
Go to check point
Select the option data base checkpoint
Select the option specify AQL statement manually
Click on meet
Click on create
Click on new
Select the desired driver
Slick on next
Click on finish
Click on select
Select the desired database
Click on ok
Click on ok
Click on ok
Specify the designed query statement
Click on finish
Select the desired contents to be checked

o
Before current step
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After current step
Click on ok
(f) XML Check Point:

XML is an universally understandable language which is mainly
used for data information
Note: XML check point is used fro checking the contents of an XML file
Navigation:
Activate the menu item insert go to check point
Select the option XML check point
Browse the desired XML file
Click on OK
Select the desired contents to de checked

o
Before current step
After current step
Click on OK
(g) Table Check Point:

This is used for checking the contents of a table
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statements, so that the

corresponding page will be displayed in the active screen
Go to active screen
Right click on the page
Select the option, Insert standard check point
Select the desired table in the object hierarchy
Click on ok

o
Before currant step
After currant step
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Click on ok
(h) Image Check Point:

This is used for checking the properties of an image
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement, so that the corresponding page will be
displayed in the active screen
Select desired image in the object hierarchy
Click on ok
Select on ok
Select the one of the properties to be checked
Before currant step
After currant step
Click on ok
(i) Accessibility Check point:

Accessibility check point is used for checking the w3c standards( for web
consortium standards) in order to confirm weather the page can be accessed all over the world or not
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement sot heat the corresponding page is
displayed in the active screen
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Before currant step
After currant step
Click on ok
2.Synchroniztion:
Synchronization is a process of matching the speeds of both the tool and the application
in order to keep them in sync with each other to obtain proper testing results
Here the main concept is making the tool to wait till the application finishes its work it
can be done in three ways
1. Inserting the synchronization point
2. Increasing the default time
3. Inserting the wait statement
Navigation for inserting the synchronization point:
Go to step select the option sync point
Click on desired object
Click on ok
Select the desired property
Specify the desired property value
Specify desired extra time
Click on ok
Stop recording
In order to avoid above navigation one can directly type the statement in the desired
location with the following syntax:
SYNTAX: Object hierarchy. Wait property Property name property value, extra time in
milliseconds
Example: Window (flight reservation).win button(delete order).wait
propertyenabled,true,17000
Navigation for increasing the default time:-
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Select the run tab
Specify the desired time in milliseconds in the object synchronization

time out field
Click on apply and ok
Syntax for Wait Statement:

Wait (time in seconds)
Example: Wait (17)
Data Driven Testing: Data driven testing is a concept introduced in the automation in order to implement retesting
Steps to be followed to perform data driven testing:
Collect the test data in to the data table
Generate the basic test
Parameterize the test
Execute the Test
Analyze the result
Parameterization:
Parameterization is a process of replacing the constant values with parameters or
variables in order to increase the scope of the test. Parameterize can be done in three ways
1.Through data driver wizard
2.Through key word view
3.Manually
Navigation Through Data Driver Wizard:
Select the option data driver
Click on parameterize
Click on next
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Click on the parameter option button
Select the desired column name
Click on ok
Click on next
Click on finish
Finally click on ok
Navigation Through Key word view:
Go to key word view
Select the desited constant value
Click on configure the value button
Select the option parameter
Click on ok
To avoid the above navigation one can directly type manually as follows:
A= datatable(v1,1)
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val1).set A
Vbwindow (form1).vbedit(val2).set datatable(v2,1)
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(Add).Click
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(res).check checkpoint(RES)
Navigation for parameter zing the check point:
Right click on the check point statement
Select the option check point properties
Select the option parameter
Click on the parameter options button
Click on ok
Once again click on ok
4.OUT PUT VALUE: - 25 -
Out put value is a feature provided by QTP, which is used for capturing a value from an
application or from a database or from a XML file and stores it under specified column in the runtime
data table
Operational overview of out put value: The out put value feature works in two phases
1. Pre-Execution Phase
2. While Execution Phase
1.Pre-Execution phase:
It will capture the field name from which it need to capture the value
It will generate the corresponding script
2.While-Execution phase:
Captures the actual value from the field
Stores it under a specified column in the run time data table
Types of Out Put Values:

There are five types of out put values
1.Standard Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing property value of a standard GUI object
2.Text Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing the text present on a specified object
3.Text-Area Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing the Text present in a specified area
4.Data Base Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing a value from the database
5.XML Out put Value: - It is used for capturing a value from the XML file
Navigation for Standard Out put value through application:
Go to out put value
Select the option standard out put value
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Click on OK
Select the desired property to be captured
Click on modify
Specify the desired column name
Click on Ok
Once again click on ok
Stop recording
Navigation For standard check point through Active Screen
Keep the cursor under the desired location
Click on active screen
Right click on desired location
Click on insert output value
Click on ok
Select the desired property
Click on modify
Specify the desired column name
Click on ok
Once again click on ok.
5.Inserting the transaction points for measuring the transaction: It is a concept introduced in QTP which is used for calculating the time taken by an
application to perform a specific task or the execution time of a block of statement
To do the same QTP has provided two options
1.Start transaction
2.End transaction
Navigation for inserting transaction points:
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Select the option start transaction
Specify the transaction name
Before currant step
After currant step
Click on ok
To avoid the above navigation one can directly type the following statements manually in
the desired location
Services.start transaction transaction name
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Services.end transaction transaction name
6.Inserting the Programmatic statements: -
There are five types of programmatic statements in the V.B script

1.Normal statements (or) Object calls
2.Conditional statements
3.Looping statements
4.Comments
5.Utility statements
Reporter utility object: -
It is used for reporting an user defined message to the result window
SYNTAX: Reporter.reportevent status,object name,message

Example:Reporter.reporevent micdone,my report,add button is working fine.
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Status:
Pass
Fail
Done
Warning
0
1
2
3
IV. Debugging The Test:

Debugging:
Debugging is a process of executing the script or aprogram in a user desired passion
with some temporary breaks in order to identify the errors
To do the same QTP has provided step commands and break point feature.
Step commands: There are three step commands

1.Step into
2.Step Out
3.Step over
1.Step into:
Step into is used for executing a single statement then it will step in to the function or
action and stops the execution.
2.Step Out:
Step out is used for executing all the remaining statements from the position of pointer
in the function of the action and comes out of the function or action and stops execution
3.Step Over:
Step over is used for executing the single statement if that statement is a function call
or action call then it will execute all the statements in side the function or action once and stops the
execution
Break Point:
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Break point is the feature provided by QTP, which is used for breaking the execution
temporarily
Navigation:
Activate the menu item debug
Select the desired option
Example
Function my func( )
Msg box Hai
Msg box hellow
Msg box How r u
End function
My func
Msg box bye
My func
Msg boxsee u
My func
Msg welcome
Debug viewer Pane:

Debug viewer pane is used for viewing, modifying or setting the currant value of
the variables or expressions during the execution break with the help of three tabs by name
1.watch expressions
2.Variables
3.Command
Dim a
A= 10
B= 20
Msg box a
Msg box b
Msg box a
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V. Executing the Test:

In this phase one will execute the test
VI. Analyzing the results:

In this phase one will analyze the results..
*******************************End Of QTP Life Cycle**************************************************
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ADVANCED CONCEPTS
Regular Expressions: When ever the QTP is unable to identify the objects due to the regular changes in the
objects properties values dynamically during the execution then to overcome this problem one need to
replace the corresponding property value in the object repository with a suitable regular expression
Navigation:
Open the object repository
Select the desired property in the properties list
Click on the constant value options button
Replace the constant value with suitable regular expression
Select the check box regular expression
Click on ok
Click on ok
Batch Testing Or Batch execution: - 32 -
Executing a group of script files at a time is known as batch execution. To do the same
QTP has provided a special tool by name test batch runner
Before using the test batch runner one need to do the following settings in QTP
Select the opt option
Select the run tab
Select the check box allow other mercury products to run tests
and components
Click on ok
Navigation for test batch runner:
Start ProgramsQuick test ProfessionalToolsTest batch

runner
Once the test batch runner is opened add all the desired script
files and save it as a batch file with .mtb extension
When ever required open the batch file and execute it
Recovery Scenarios:
During the execution QTP may face some problematic situation where in it needs to
recover by itself and continue the execution. To do the same a test engineer would have defined a
solution well in advance and made it available to the currant test before starting the execution.
QTP may face four types of problematic situations
1.Problems related to pop-up window
2.Problems related to object state
3.Problems related to test execution
4.Problems related to application crash
To define the solution for the above problems QTP has provided four trigger events
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1.Pop up window
2.Object state
3.Test run error
4.Application crash
Navigation for object test:
Select the option recovery scenario manager
Click on new scenario button
Click on next
Select the trigger event as object state
Click on next
Clixk on next
Click on the hand icon
Click on ok
Click on next
Specify the desired properties with the help of add/remove button
Click on next
Once again click on next
Select the recovery operation as function call
Click on next
Browse the desired library file
Select the option define new function
Specify the desired function name
Write the body of the function
Click on next
Deselect the check box add another recovery operation
Click on next
Specify the desired scenario name
Click on next
Select the desired check boxes

o
Add scenario to the currant test
Ass scenario to default test settings
- 34 -
Click on finish
Click on save
Browse the desired location and save the file by specifying a file
name with .QRS extension
Click on close
Environment Variables:
The variables that may be varied in different environments and need to be used
in the multiple scripts, should not be directly used in the scripts. They need to be declare separately in
an environment file that file need to be associated to the test and then the variables in that file need to
be used in those test so that when ever the values need to be updated in different environments one
can update them very easily in the environment
So all the tests using those variables will be automatically updated such kind of
variables separately declared in the environment file are known as environment variables
There are two types of environment variables
1.Built in variables
2.User defined variables
1.Built in variables:
These variables will be by default available with all the tests so that on can
directly use them in any test with the following syntax
SYNTAX: environment.value(built invariable name)

Example:
var = environment.value(05)
Msg box var
2.User defined variables:

These variables need to e declared by us according tour need and need to be
stored in a separate environment file. Whenever required one need to associate these files to the
currant test and use those variables
Navigation for creating an environment file with environment variables:
- 35 -
Select the environment tab
Select the variable type as user defined
Click on new
Specify the variable name and the value
Click on ok
Click on export
Browse the desired location
Specify the desired file name with .XML extension
Click on save
To avoid the above navigation one can directly develop the XML file as follows
<environment>
<variable>
<name> flight path </name>
<value>d:\program files\mercury </value>
</variable>
<variable>
<name> b </name>
<value>203</value>
</variable>
</environment>
Navigation for associating an environment file to the currant test:
Select the environment tab
Select the variable types as user defined
- 36 -
Select the check box load variables and value from ecternal files
Browse the path of the environment file
Click on apply and ok
In order to avoid the above navigation one can directly type the following script
statement in the starting of the script
Syntax: environment. Load from file path of the env file
Example: environment. Load from filed:\envfile122.xml invoke application

environment. Value(flight Path)
Virtual object configuration:
Virtual object configuration is a process of making the QTP t treat a specified area or
an user defined object as a specific object
Navigation:
Go to virtual objects
Select the option new virtual object
Click on next
Specify the desired class(type) of the object
Click on next
Mark the area in the application with the help of mark object button
Click on next

o
Entire parent hierarchy
Parent only
Click on next
Specify the desired object name
Specify the desired collection name
Click on finish
- 37 -
Virtual object manager:

Virtual object manager is a feature provided by QTP which is used for creating
and managing the virtual objects
Once a virtual object is created it will be available to all the tests unless until we delete it.
Framework:
Framework is a generic work (outline work) or a set of guidelines designed by an expert
to perform a task in an effective, efficient and optimized way
Types of frame works: - (Mainly)

1. Linear frame work
2. Modular frame work
3. Key-word driven frame work
4. Hybrid frame work
5. Data frame work
1.Linear Framework
Generate the basic test
Enhance the test
Debug the test
Execute the test
Analyze the test
2.Modular Framework:
Develop the individual components for each and every task
Make them as reusable components
Prepare the required drivers based on the end to end scenarios
Execute the drivers
Analyze the result
Actions
ACTIONS: Action is a set of script statements used for performing a specific task
- 38 -
Types of Actions:
There are three types of actions
1.Normal actions
2.Re-usable actions
3.External actions
Note: External actions are not editable .The re-usable actions called in another test are known as
external actions
Operations On Actions:
Navigation for inserting a new action:
Select the option call to new action
Rename the desired action
Select the one of the following options
At the end of the test
After the currant step
Click on ok
Navigation for splitting an action in to two actions:
Save the action
Keep the cursor on the first statement of the second path
Activate the menu item step
Select the option split action

o
Independent of each other
Nested
Specify the desired action name
Click on ok
Navigation for making an action as reusable action:
Select the desired action
Select the option action properties
- 39 -
Select the check box reusable action
Click on ok
Navigation for renaming the action:
Specify the desired name
Click on ok
Navigation for calling on existing action:
Select the option call to existing action
Browse the desired test
Select the desired action

o
At the end of the test
After the currant step
Click on ok
Key word driven framework:
Create the folder structure as follows
Crate the required test data file and save them in the
corresponding folders
Create the required shared repository files and save them in the
corresponding folder
Create the required library files and save them in the

- 40 -
Create the required environment files and save them in the

Create the required recovery files and save them in the

Open the main test and associate all the required files to each
Develop the script in such a weather it executes based on the key

words specified in the data table
Example:
Var= data table (keys,1)

Select case var
Case L1
Login( )
Ins ord( )
Logout( )
CaseL2
Openord( )
Logout( )
Case L3
Login( )
Logout( )
End select
Specify the desired key words under the corresponding column in the data table
and save the test in the corresponding folder
When ever required open the test and execute it and analyze the result
- 41 -
Methods
First method Capture bitmap:
It is used for capturing a snap shot of an object or an window during executin
and stores it in the desired location
Syntax: Object hierarchy.capturebitmap Path of the location with a file name.bmpextension

Example:
Window(flight
Reservation).dailog(openorder).winbutton(ok).capturebitmapD:\fl_automation\b1.bmp
Second Method- Exist method:

It is used for checking the objects existence if the object is existing then it will
return a value True, and make the QTP to continue the execution, If at all the object is
not existing it will make the tool to wait till object exists. Once the object exists it will
return true and make the QTP to continue the execution. If at all the object is not
existing up to the maximum time then it will return false and make the QTP to continue
the execution
Syntax: variable=object hierarchy.exists(time in seconds)

Example: Var= window(flight reservation).exists(12)
Wait property:
Wait property is used for making the tool to wait based on the object properties value
Syntax: object hierarchy.wait property property name, property value, extra time in mille seconds
Wait: it is used for making the tool to wait till the specified time is elapsed.
Syntax: Wait Time in seconds
Simple and regularly used methods: -
- 42 -
The first method among those is click method.
1. Click method: Click method is used for clicking on specified object

Syntax: Object hierarchy.click(x,y,[button] )
2. Double click: It is used for double clicking on a specified object

Syntax: Object hirerarchy.dblclick(x,y, [button])
3.Set Method: - Set method is used for setting a value in to an edit box or selecting or deselecting
acheck box or selecting a radio button
Syntax:
Object hirerearchy.setvalue
Object hierarchy of check box.set on/off
Object hierarchy of radiobutton.set
Case study-1:
Develop the script customer id, custname, currant age, cust phone number and clicking on
submit button
Cust
Cust Id:
Cust Name:
Cust Age:
Cust Ph no:
Submit
- 43 -
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(cust).set.Custid
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custname).setname
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custage).setage
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custphno).setphoneno
Vbwindow(cust).vbutton(submit.click
Second Case study

Develop the script of selecting Testing tools, sql server, live projects check boxes and clicking on next
button..
Testing Tools
SQL Server
QTP
Live Project
NEXT
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(testingtools).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(sqlserver).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(liveproject).set on
Vbwindow(mindq).vbbutton(next)click
- 44 -
Third Case Study

Develop the script for deselecting the testing tools check box,selecting the QTP and live project
check boxes and clicking on next button
Testing Tools
SQL Server
QTP
Live Project
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(testing tools).set off

Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(QTP).setON
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(liveprojects).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbbutton(next).click
Fourth Case Study:

Develop the script for entering the name, age, country, and selecting the gender, selecting the check
box photo profiles only and clicking on search button
Name
Age
Matrimony
Country
only
o Male
o Female
Photo profiles
- 45 SEARCH
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(name).setsri balaji
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(age).set25
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(country.set India
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbradiobutton(female).set
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbcheckbox(photo profile only).set on
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbbutton(search).click
Select Method:
Select method
is used
Train
No:for selecting an item in a combo box or a list box
Train Name:
Syntax:Object hierarchy.selectitem name
Date of Journey:
Fifth Case Study:
From
Develop the script for entering train number, train name, date of journey, selecting starting point,
To
selecting destination point, selecting berth, selecting class
UB
LB
MB
RES
First A/c
Second A/C
Third A/C
Sleeper
Break Fast
Lunch
Dinner
- 46 NEXT
Vbwindow(res).vbedit(trainno).set2085
Vbwindow(res).vbedit(Trainname).setGodavari
Vbwindow(res).vbedit(Date of journey).set15-aug-08
Vbwindow(res).vbcombobox(from).select Sec
Vbwindow(res).vbcombobox(To).selectTpg
Vbwindow(res).vbradiobutton(LB).set
Vbwindow(res).vbradiobutton(sleeper).set
Vbwindow(res).vbcheckbox(breakfast).set on
Vbwindow(res).vbcheckbox(dinner).set on
Vbwindow(res).vbbutton(next).click
Activate Method:
It is used for activating a window or a dialog.
- 47 -
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Activate
Close Method:
It is used for closing the window or a browser
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Close
Set Secure:
Set secure method is used for setting an encrypted data in to an edit box
Type Method:
Type method is used for performing any kind of key board related operation
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Type key value
Example:
Dialog (login). Winedit(agent name).type mic tab
Descriptive Programming: If at all the objects description is specified in the program itself then that type of programming is
known as descriptive programming
Dialog(text:=login,width:=320).windedit(attached test:= Agent Name:)

Dialog(text:=login).winedit(attachedtext:=password:).setsecure xxxxxx
Dialog (text:=login).winbutton(text:=ok).click
Window(text:=flight reservation).close
GetRoProperty:
It is used for getting the currant value of the runtime objects property
Syntax: Variable=Object hierarchy.getroproperty(property name)
Sixth Case Study:

Develop the script for clicking on a ok button if it is existing and enabled otherwise the corresponding
message should be reported to the result window
- 48 -
Form 1
OK
Var= vbwindow.(form1).vb button(ok).exixts

If( var=true) then
Var2= vbwindow.(form1).vbbutton(ok).getroproperty(enabled)
If(var2=true) then
Vbwindow.(form1).vbbutton(ok).click
Else
Reporter.report edit,3,my report,Ok button is visible
End if
Else
Reporter.report edit,3,my report,form dowsnot exists
End if
Seventh Case study:

Develop the script for selecting the product id, entering quantity, clicking on cal button and checking
weather it is working fine or not
PRODUCT
PID
PNAME
PRATE
QUANTITY
AMOUNT
CAL
- 49 -
Vbwindow(product).vbcombobox(pid).select 007
Q=5
R=vbwindow(product).vbedit(prate).getroproperty Text
EV=r*q
Vbwindow(product).vbedit(quantity.set q
Vbwindow(product).vb button(cal).click
AV=vbwindow(product).vbedit(amount).getroproperty text
If (EV=AV) then
Reporter.reportevent, 0,my report,cal button is working
Else
Reporter.report event,3,my report,cal button is not working
End if
Simple VB script functions used for comparisons and calculation: -
1. CINT: Used for converting a value in to integer value

2.CSTR: It is used for converting a value in to string
3.CDBL: It is used for converting a value in to Boolean value
4.CBOOL:It is used for converting any value in to Boolean value
5.LTRIM: It is used for trimming the left side spaces
6.RTRIM: It is used for trimming the right side spaces
- 50 -
7.TRIM: It is used for trimming the both side spaces
8.LEFT: It is used for getting the left side sub string

SYNTAX::var=left(string or variable, no of chars)
9.RIGHT: It is used for getting for right side sub string
SYNTAX::var= Right(string or variable, no of chars)
10.MID: It is used for getting the middle sub string

SYNTAX: var=mid (string or variable, starting char no, no of chars)
11.UCASE: It is used for converting a string in to upper case
12.LCASE: It is used for converting a sting in to lower case
13.Round: It is used for rounding any decimal value to nearest highest integer
Eight-case study:
Develop the script for selecting product id, quantity, clicking on cal button, If it is existing and enabled
and checking weather it is working fine or not
Product
PID
PNAME
PRATE
QUANTITY
AMOUNT
CAL
- 51 -
Vbwindow(procuct).vbcombobox(productid).select 007
Q=10
Vbwindwo(product).vbedit9prate).getroproperty(Text)
R= vbwindwo(product.vbedit(prate.getroproperty(text)
Ev=R*Q
Var1= vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).exists
If cstr(var1)=cstr(true) then
Var2=vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).getropropertyexists
If cstr(var2)=cstr(true) then
Vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).click
Av=vbwindow(product).vbedit(amount).getroproperty(text)
If cint(Av)=cint(Ev) then
Reporter.report event micpass,myreport,result is pass
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic fail,my report,result is fail
End if
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic warning,my report,cal button does not exists
End if
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic warning,my report,cal button is disabled
End if
Get to property:
Gettoproperty is used for getting the text objects properties value
SYNTAX: var= object hierarchy.gettoproperty (property name)

Example: var= vbwindow9form1).vbbutton(add).gettopropery(text)
- 52 -
Note: Text objects property means the properties present in the object repository+properties present in
the secret place
Set to property:
Settoproperty Is used for setting the text objects properties value temporarily during the execution
SYNTAX: Object hierarchy.settoproperty property name,property value
Tenth case study:

Develop a script for clicking ona button for three times whose text property value will be dynamically
changing from start to stop and stop to start
OR
SPB
Form 1
NC:Button
Text:start
START
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).click
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).settoproperty text,stop
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).settoproperty text,start
DATA TABLE METHODS
- 53 -
Data table methods:

Data table methods are used for performing the operations on the runtime data table
1. Add- sheet: It is used for adding the new sheet for the runtime data table
SYNTAX: Data table.add sheetsheet name
2.Delete- sheet: It is used for deleting a specified sheet from the run time data table
SYNTAX: Data table.delete sheetsheet name
3.Import: It is used for importing the data present in all the sheets in an excel file to the runtime data
table
SYNTAX: Data table.import path of the excel file
4. Import Sheet: It is used for importing specified sheet of data from the excel file to the specified sheet
in the runtime data table
SYNTAX: Data table. Import sheet path of the excel file, source sheet id, destination sheet id
5.Export: It is used for exporting the complete data present in the run time data table to a specified
location
SYNTAX: Data table. export Path of the location with a file name.xls extension
6.Export Sheet: It is used for exporting the data present in a specified sheet in the run time data table
to a specified location
SYNTAX: Data table .export sheet path of the location with a file name.xls extension, sheet id to be
exported.
7.Set currant row: It is used for making the QTP focus on a specified row
SYNTAX: Data table. Set currant row (row number)
8.Set next row: It is used for making the QTP focused on the next of the currently focused row
SYNTAX: Data table. Set next row
9.Set Prev Row: It is used for making the QTP focus on the previous row of the currently focused tow
SYNTAX: Data table. Set prev row
10. Value Method: It is used for getting a value from a specified sheet, specified column and currently
focused row.
- 54 -
SYNTAX: Variable= Data Table. Value ( column name, sheet id)
11. Get Sheet: It is used for making the QTP to focus on a specified sheet
SYNTAX: Data table. Get sheet (sheet id)
12Get Row Count: It is used for getting the row count of a global sheet
If at all one wants to get the row count of a specified sheet first of all they need to make the QTP to
focus on a specified sheet and then get the row count
SYNTAX 1: Variable= Data Table. Get row count

SYNTAX 2: Variable= Data Table. Get sheet (sheet id). Get row count
Example:
Data table. Addsheet Sri
Data table.import sheet e:\Sri\td122.xls,1,3
N=Data table.get sheet( 3).getrowcount
For i= 1 to n
Data table. Set currant row( i )
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val1).set data table(v1,3)
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val2).set data table(v2,3)
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(add).click
Exp val= data table.value(ev,3)
Act val= vbwindow(form1).vbedit(res).getroproperty(text)
If (exp val= act val) then
Data table (res,3)= pass
Else
Data table (res,3)= fail
End if
Next
Data table.export sheet D;\fl_automation\log\file2.xls,3
Data table.delete Sri
- 55 -
Input/Out put Parameters:
One ca pass number of values in to the function while calling and a function can return
only one value.
Example:
Function add(a,b)
Main program
Res= a+b
Add(10,20)
Add= res
Msg box var
End function
Input/Out put parameters concept is used for passing some values in to the action to return some
values once the execution is finish
To do the same one has to declare the desired number of input parameters and out put parameters at
the action, which is about to be called
Navigation:
Select the parameters tab
Declare the desired number of input/output parameters
Using the corresponding add buttons
Click on OK
- 56 -
Exmaple
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit ("val1").set parameter ("a")
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2").Set parameter ("b")
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("ADD").Click
var= vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("res").GetROProperty "text"
parameter ("c")= var
vbwindow("Form1").Vbbutton("SUB").Click
var1=vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("res").GetROProperty "textA"
parameter ("d")=var1
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("CLEAR").Click
At the calling point one need to specify the input values in a sequence separated by
commas and the variable names in a sequence in order to catch the return value
Example:
Take the new test
Run action "action1[inout122]", one iteration,20,30,r1,r2

msg box r1
msg box r2
Automation Object Model
Automation object model: (AOM)

Automation object model is a concept provided to automate the operations on QTP through scripting
Dim qtapp
Dim qttest
Set qtapp= create object (quicktest.application)
Qtapp.launch
Qtapp.visible
Qtapp.opend:\aom1, true
Set qttest=qtapp.test
- 57 -
Qttest.run
Qttest.close
Qtapp.open d:\aom122, true

Set qttest= qtapp.test
Qttest.run
Attest.close
Qtapp.quit
Data Base Connection
M.S Access Connection:

Dim con, rs
Set con = createobject("adodb.connection")
Set rs= createobject("adodb,recordset")
con.provider= "microsoft.jet.oledb.4.)0"
con.open "d:\test data.mbd"
rs.open "select * from info", con
Do while not rs.eof
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val1").Set rs.fields("v1")
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2".set rs.fields("v2")
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("add").Click
rs.movenext
Loop
Oracle connection:
Con .open provider =oraoledb.1;server=local host;uid=scott;pwd=tiger;database=testdata;
SQLServer connection:
- 58 -
Con.open provider= sqloledb.1; server=local host; uid=sa; pwd=; database= test data;
Happy learning Best of Luck
QTP 9.0,9.1,9.2
QTP 9.0:
Test menu item is renamed as Automation
Settings option is moved from test menu item to file menu item
Quality center connection option is moved from tools menu item to file menu
item
Step menu item is removed and all the options present under it are kept in the
edit menu item
- 59 -
A new menu item window is introduced used for managing the window
A new option by name function definition generator is introduced which is used
for creating the functions easily
New options are provided for commenting and un commenting the block of
statements
A new option by name check syntax is introduced under tools menu item used
for checking the syntax of script
Some of the options related to the resources like object repository, recovery
scenario manager are moved from tools menu item to a new menu item
resources
A new menu item resourced is introduced with some new options like object
repository manager and associate repositories
Object repository manager is used for creating and managing the shared
repositories with out having any connection to the test
Anatomy of QTP 9.0:
QTP 9.0 screen can be divided in to 7 parts
1. Test pane
2. Active screen
3. Data table
4. Debug viewer pane
5. Tool Options
6. Information screen
7. Missing resources screen
6.Information screen:
Information pane is used for viewing the syntax related information during the syntax
Check
- 60 -
Main change: One can associate one or more shared repositories to an action a part from its local
repository
7.Missing resources:
When the test is being open if at all any associate resources like repositories, library files, recovery
files are missing then the complete information related to that will be shown in the missing resource
pane
QTP 9.1:
A new feature by name navigate and learn is introduced present in multiple
pages or windows continuously by navigating
A new feature by name object repository comparison tool is introduced which is
used for comparing two shared repositories
QTP 9.1 is compatible with windows vista operating system and .net frame 2.0
environment
The script editor is made user friendly
The company has announced that they will provide license for all the add ins
also
QTP 9.2:
A new feature by name screen recorder is provided which is used for recording
the movie of the execution and that can be played back during the result
analysis for better understanding
One can handle the object repositories dynamically through scripting with the
help of an utility object repositories collection
Example:
Repath= d:\r1.tsr
Repositories collection.remove all( )
Repositories collection.add(repath)
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit ("val1").set 10
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2").Set 20
- 61 -
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("ADD").Click
Pos= repositories collection.find(repath)

Repositories collection.remove(pos)
Object spy functionality is enhanced in such a weather one can view multiple
objects information continuously by keeping the mouse pointer over the object
QTP 9.2 is compatible with the following browser
Internet explorer 7.0
Mozilla fire fox2.0
Net space navigation 8.1.0
- 62 -

Automation QTP

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Automation QTP

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Ways of Testing:

There are two ways of Testing

Drawbacks of Manual Testing:

More number of people are required

Human mistakes (No accuracy)

Simultaneous action are not possible

Cannot repeat the same task again and again in a

Drawbacks of Automation Testing:

Tools are Expensive

Cannot automate all the area

General Frame Work to learn any automated Tool:

How to give the instructions?

How to give the information?

How to use its recording facility?

How to use its play back facility?

How to analyze the results?

Types of Automated Tools:

QTP (Quick Test Professional)

Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(ename).set Sri Balaji

By default QTP is always compatible with standard windows

Whenever we purchase QTP we get Three built-in addings.

QTP screen can be divided in to five parts

Easily understanding the script

Easily enhancing the script.

It is used for holding the test data

It isolates the test script from the data source.

It provides the facility to import the test data from

It allows the user to interact with the data directly

Note: QTP maintains two copies of data tables

Design time data table

Run time data table

4. Debug Viewer Pane:

RECORDING AND RUNNING

Activate the menu item test

Select the option record and run settings

Select one of the following options

If at all second option is selected then click on add button

Browse the desired application part

Click on apply & OK.

Operational overview of Recording:

Operational overview of Running:

(c). Low-level Recording mode.

(a). Context sensitive Recording mode:

(b). Analog Recording Mode:

Keep the tool under normal recording mode

Activate the menu item test

Select the option analog recording

Select one of the following option

Record relative to the screen

Record relative to the following window

title with the help of the Hand Icon

(c). Low-Level Recording:

Types of Object Repository:

(1). Per-Action Repository:

(2). Shared Repository:

Navigation for creating a shared Repository or Converting a per action in to

Collect the objects information in to the object repository

Browse the desired location

Specify the file name with .TSR extension

Click on save button

Navigation for Creating the Shared Repository to the currant test:

Activate the menu item test

Select the option settings

Select the resources tab