FORK AND VFORK FUNCTION

AIM:
Write a program using fork() and vfork()
PROGRAM(A):
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
int a=10,b=20;
int main()
{
int pid;
printf("\n fork");
pid=fork();
if(pid==0)
{
a++;
b++;
printf("\n child process:");
printf("%d %d",a,b);
}
else
{
a--;
b--;
printf("\n parent process:");
printf("%d %d",a,b);
}
return 0;
}

PROGRAM(B):
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
int a=10,b=20;
int main()
{
int pid;
printf("\n vfork");
pid=vfork();
if(pid==0)
{
a++;
b++;
printf("\n child process:");
printf("%d %d",a,b);
}
else
{
a--;
b--;
printf("\n parent process:");
printf("%d %d",a,b);
}
return 0;
}

RESULT:
Program is executed and output is verified

OUTPUT(A):
$ cc fork.c
$ ./a.out
fork
parent process:9 19 fork
child process:11 21

OUTPUT(B):
$ cc fork.c
$ ./a.out
vfork
child process:11 21
parent process:10 20
vfork
child process:11 21
parent process:10 20

IMPLEMENTATION OF SIGNAL

AIM:
Write a program using signal
PROGRAM:
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<signal.h>
#include<string.h>
void add();
void mul();
void stop();
int a,b;
int main()
{
printf("\n enter the 2 values");
scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
if(signal(SIGINT,add)==SIG_ERR)
printf("\n cannot catch the signal");
if(signal(SIGQUIT,mul)==SIG_ERR)
printf("\n cannot catch the signal");
if(signal(SIGSTOP,stop)==SIG_DFL)
printf("\n stop signal error");
for(;;);
}
void add()
{
printf("\n SIGINT caught");
printf("\n sum=%d\n",a+b);
}
void mul()
{
printf("\n SIGQUIT caught");
printf("\n mul=%d\n",a*b);
}
void stop(int sig)
{
printf("\n stop the signal");
}

RESULT:
Program is executed and output is verified

OUTPUT:
$ cc signal.c
$ ./a.out
enter the 2 values 10 20
^C
SIGINT caught
sum=30
^\
SIGQUIT caught
mul=200
^Z
[2]+ Stopped
./a.out

ALARM FUNCTION
AIM:
Write a program using alarm()
PROGRAM:
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<signal.h>
#include<string.h>
void sig_alrm();
int main()
{
int sec;
int sleep1(int);
printf("enter no of second");
scanf("%d",&sec);
sleep1(sec);
return(0);
}
int sleep1(int sec)
{
if(signal(SIGALRM,sig_alrm)==SIG_ERR)
{
return(sec);
}
alarm(sec);
pause();
return(0);
}
void sig_alrm()
{
printf("alarm set");
}

RESULT:
Program is executed and output is verified

OUTPUT:
$ cc alarm.c
$ ./a.out
enter no of second 5
alarm set

IMPLEMENTATION OF PIPE

AIM:
Write a program using pipe
PROGRAM:
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,fd[2],pid;
char b='a',d;
pipe(fd);
pid=fork();
if(pid==0)
{
close(fd[0]);
write(fd[1],&b,1);
printf("\n child writes %c",b);
}
else
{
close(fd[1]);
read(fd[0],&d,1);
printf("\n parent reads %c",d);
}
return(0);
}

RESULT:
Program is executed and output is verified

OUTPUT:
$ cc pipe.c
$ ./a.out
parent reads a
child writes a

IMPLEMENTATION OF FIFO
AIM:
write a program using FIFO
PROGRAM:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
int main()
{
char b='a',d;
int wfd,rfd;
mkfifo("sample.txt",O_CREAT,0777);
if(fork()==0)
{
wfd=open("sample.txt",O_WRONLY);
if(write(wfd,&b,1)<0)
{
printf("\n write error");
}
else
{
printf("child writes");
}
}
else
{
rfd=open("sample.txt",O_RDONLY);
if(read(rfd,&d,1)<0)
{
printf("\n read error");
else
{
printf("parent reads:%c\n",d);
}
}
return(0);
}

RESULT:
Program is executed and output is verified

OUTPUT:
$ cc fifo.c
$ ./a.out
parent reads:a
child writes

MESSAGE QUEUE IMPLEMENTATION

AIM:
Write a program using message queue
PROGRAM:
#include<sys/msg.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
struct msg
{
long mtype;
char mtext[20];
}*mbuf;
key_t msgid;
char temp[20];
int no,ch,t;
msgid=msgget((key_t)051,IPC_CREAT|0776);
mbuf=malloc(sizeof(struct msg));
do
{
printf("\n 1.sendmsg\n 2.receiving\n 3.exit");
printf("enter the choice");
scanf("%d",&ch);
fflush(stdin);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
printf("enter the msg");
scanf("%s",temp);
strcpy(mbuf->mtext,temp);
fflush(stdin);
printf("enter the type of msg");
scanf("%ld",&mbuf->mtype);
t=msgsnd(msgid,mbuf,10,IPC_NOWAIT);
if(t<0)
printf("\n error");
break;
case 2:
printf("enter the msgno");
scanf("%d",&no);

t=msgrcv(msgid,mbuf,20,0,IPC_NOWAIT);
if(t<0)
printf("error in receiving");
else
printf("msg received:%s\n",mbuf->mtext);
break;
case 3:
return 0;
}
}while(ch!=3);
return 0;
}

RESULT:
Program is executed and output is verified

OUTPUT:
$ cc mqueue.c
$ ./a.out
1.sendmsg
2.receiving
3.exit
enter the choice 1
enter the msg welcome
enter the type of msg 3
1.sendmsg
2.receiving
3.exit
enter the choice 2
enter the msgno 3
msg received:welcome
1.sendmsg
2.receiving
3.exit
enter the choice 3

IMPLEMENTATION OF SEMAPHORE
AIM:
Write a program using semaphore
PROGRAM:
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/sem.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void prod(int);
void cons(int);
int main()
{
int pid,semid;
semid=semget((key_t)6,2,IPC_CREAT|0766);
pid=fork();
if(pid==0)
{
while(1)prod(semid);
}
else
{
while(1)cons(semid);
}
return(0);
}
void prod(int semid)
{
int val,pcount=0;
printf("consumer is waiting");
while(pcount<2)
{
val=random()%100;
semctl(semid,pcount,SETVAL,val);
printf("producer produces:%d\n",val);
pcount++;
}
sleep(5);
}
void cons(int semid)
{
int val,ccount=0;

printf("producer is waiting\n");
while(ccount<2)
{
val=semctl(semid,ccount,GETVAL);
printf("consumer consumes:%d\n",val);
ccount++;
}
sleep(5);
}

RESULT:
Program is executed and output is verified

OUTPUT:
$ cc sem.c
$ ./a.out
producer is waiting
consumer is waiting
producer produces:83
producer produces:86
consumer consumes:83
consumer consumes:86