05082015 Random Idea English: Exploring inversion an rong Exploring inversion and fronting Inversion ‘This inves reversing the poston of the subject and an aur, or somtimes the subject and the whole er. You be famitar wth the ea ram queton farms and guest tag, where we Sap oF (oxchango) the subject and ax (nung Pol), ofthe ves bo, Yad azo know sues red expressions 2s 9.0 ana nthe "Yu probaly ls know ait about inversion wih negative andimitng savers, and tat we can somatines invert contol, This mean puting 2 word r expression which namially comes ltr tothe fr ofthe entanc, bor he subject. This cul be, or example, sn aver or adoctval expression, a oun pase ot claus, oven a vt. ‘The purpose ofthis post “This pst eno tenes to ba an nodcton to nversion and fronting, etre an exsoration ofall the diferent pater of varsion ang ening ean find, wih i of Iho natura sung) ‘examples. you ae specs loking fr rermaton abet negative iron ot inverting Condtionas,o moot question fags an shor wor, you might Bo baller looking a one of my oto otis, laced oat he Dotan of ths post Looking for exercises? [As is post is already rathr lng Im nt including any exercises hee ut wl ink instead to thar posts win exercites, a8 and when Fv wen ter, au can i Inks a heer of hs pt 10 ‘xeriee on nage version, iverson n erations, version in tag quotons an short answers, an fring (reludng some sbjctxet version) Introduction English is ite stiet about word ode, the standard in positive (dectaratve) sentences bing! Subject Ver - object (SV). Whan tis is changod, we know somting specials happening, ‘Semstimes, 2 informing questions, version seligtery. But toh ‘tring, wich ie always optional, we weully ube ies its opera, and tk + to ve ext emprass to somthing, etherby binging othe font, erin some cases by puting al the nd ofa etn + o¢ cohesive device totinks clase of santence Lo what has jut gore belo «lo gven more dramatic afc, especialy in witing Inversion and fronting Invasion fs fon used in connection with fntng, Somaimes ong wolves inversion, often it doesnt. Sometimes tht iverson fe obligatory, ometmes en + Froring fa nogatve adv, with abligator inversion He had naver seen such a wonder sunset. etandars word order Never ad he seen such a worded unset, froted with inven) + Frorting ofa prepositnal pase, wah optional inversion ‘urge do ayn foto the reac (tana wo ser) In tort of re ropoca, lay 2 are co. rorted with inversion) Intro he tepiace, 2 are doa was chewing @ boro rene, no inversion) + Froring of wheetause- here version ot posse ve no ideo why shes at (tarda word ose} ny she's ate, ve no dea. troted no wversion) 1. att tom quota fom an afew expression Ike so /nathr db, versions matty ‘odin oral an marae lots, 80 for mary leas (ard ndood matvespeaker)# woul be ‘ute possible o 99 trough te haut ever raving to use ne iype of emonatic inversion, 2. Forthose doing carticals exams, however thy willbe oxpecodto know about negative Inversion and inverson in contin, ard possibly inversion ae 0 and su. 5. few foms of version, such a ore came he chlurn"er thee goes ou bus are qute itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/201410alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 112805082015 categ Inversion fs fen avert two catogois, Subject sully Invrslon and Subjoct-v inversion and some ferns of invasion anly happen wih the vatb ba. ¥e akan a ight ferent apprasch nd ‘vided ts poet nto seven ma sotons, austere is oi overto! Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong Informal and cal mak your Erish sound more rata “4 Andi yet going te doany extends wring, soe ofthe structs that use forking a a ohosive devi to fll on fom infomation already given coud bo uso fer exarte when ‘akong comparisons, But you have to be caret Sk carly to tna pattems gan, ang even nen, some tings wort, sme dot 5 Alot te other inva andor forte strutues ae fomal or trary, and may seam tobe ‘being used ess anaes, Thay ar sted hore snl foriraret's sak, and most naive spoakers use thom ely rly tal jaton inthis post 1. Sbjectauitry inversion - blair, ro emphasis involved 14 Question forms 412 S00, nator dos te 2 Sibjectustary invesen-optonl usualy fr emphasis 2: Negative ovsion with feted adverbs 2.2 ering condonals 2.3.08 + inversion i fallow-on clauses sentences 2.4 than + inversion in comparatves 2.5 Exclamations 26 Hopas and wishes stating with ny 5. Fronted g and such 51 Sa jective + tnking vee + tht cause 532 So+ saver + vor tat clause 33 Such + be + noun phase + tht clause $34 So much itl it. that 13.5 Using such tote beck to eating aed mentioned 8.6 Some expressions wih so ad sich using inversion 4, Fontes adverts and advrinl expressions 461 Hare and tere + Be, coms, 92 42 0b common exeesens wih fentng 43 Prepostonalprases of place wih vas of poston + aversion 4.4 Pepostonalprates of itcton with verbs of moverent + inversion 4.6 Prpositioal pases of place ad drectin wth vets of movement ro Inversion 47 Propostonal pases of place wi ater var without inversion 48 Fronng ner averbs and adverbs 5 Fronos adjetves an pails + ovate bo 51 Fronting simple adjectives 5.2 Froning comparative, supsatves and other forms of comparison 653 Frontad not eo cnatuctone 54 Fronted worth afook ete 55 Double camparaives + inveran- the bgp, the beter ate 5.6 Frond proson and past pails {6 Other foms of subject ver inversion 6:1 Froning subject complemen foun phases) 1218 dec space ans newspaper neadtnes 63 Frortad expressions strato 14 Exclamation with how and what 65 Froning noun clauses “7. Othe foms pf feng wher inversion dose take placo 71 Froneg wh clauses 72 Frenteginitives of pupose 7.3 Franng tects 174 Fronting adjectives +i clauses 17.8 Franiing os ae though in clauses of concession 1.6 Fronting and echoing aproviusly menenoa vr 177 Detached tote vet pes 7.8 Delaced fronted sujocts and objects 7.9 tector pvases te thing so itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng imes 0s2015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong ‘Because inversion ad ring have to be ust ear crefuly, be ging it rater ato data in this ‘exploit se what wrk and what does, what is rata and what isnt. And exploration is wrath is, my comments relecting my understanding rather than any hard and fast es. colour coding + tort exression + tly verb + sbject etude corde te iano aes wen orgs ae wt ‘This consis of question forme and 30 |, aretha le 41.4 Question forms "Note - Remember hat wth smgle lenses (opt om with th vab bs) wa have io add, coss as In gusts and ragatves: + Wo wont tothe cinoma ast nih (Oh Wht eit you soo? + Many ans Sam are oavng nom: ‘Aron they coming with us 9 the pak? + (ve bought a prosent for Sandy. But have you Bog ene tore? + Cont yeu ehitron mak atl les ise? Wout you bad tis forme, please? + Isr Samantha prot, al oss up Uk that? ‘ra yo a ray yo? ‘Subject questions - We dont inv when the question refers othe eect + Wo gave you thse lowers? ark (gave me re Rowers). + nat is making 60 mach rise? ‘The washing machine fs waking 80 much is) + wich of you has boon hore bof? nay has (ban here bear) Indirect questions -We dont iver in inde (ake embeds) queson: + He asked me where | was staying + She wanted to know what he wa ding atthe weekend 10 you know i you! be soving Peter lator? ‘Quoston fags Iverson is uso + Sho dint grow up hor, a sho? + You are gang to Saly’s party, arnt you? + You havent dono your homework, have you? + We shoulsieave soon, shouldnt wo? Echo questions - Inesion's used + AcTha’s Miss Spence. She's ou daughter's new Nistor teach Be she realy? She looks so yung. + As He's ust mona place a Ontor as he ndoes? You must be realy proud of him +B: Wo saw Poor yostery 8: Oho you? Ant now she? J havent seen him forages oa Come on chien, ts tme for bed. Bs Oh must we? We wart fo wath the fm ( shor for Must we go to bed nw) 41.2 Soand nelther!nor ‘Same way answors expressing agraement ‘The mast common way tog 8 same-way answer's to use So oF nese and ubjet-auaiay itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng imes 0s2015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong lnverion, bt ther are aso covet of oar ways: + realy ke hi ttt fi, B: Sob To t00 eto. (eral) +h: But havent sae als fis, B: Nosh have | hav other Mo nater. (fort) Nota you want to use th informal vrson whon arcing witha naga, rambaro sy athe and NOT "Me te. Remember ao that lvrslan shit used with opps way answers, when we dagen: + Bry tk ace 8: Oh dor. nd it Bonn +c Fhavent sean tat now fm yet B: Oh nave. | ely enjoyed ‘Same way linking ‘Ws can do smathing sar whan jain two same-nay clases (or sentences) with ands, nor, and rath Hore we have aches of wo farm for the secon pst inva with soar nto, ot Standars word order wth i90oothen, Wi can use both so and nether/nar+ ular + roun phase + Sho can swim ral wel, and so can hor sister ‘She ean swim rly wal and he ister ean too. + She cant sng fr peanuts, and nate ean her baer ‘r+ She can sing for paar, ond her ther an thor + He oa kos ze. And 0 do is chison ‘r- He raly hos jaz. Art schon do, oo, + He doosit ke rp, ror dos is wit. (re doesn’ ke ap an is wife does either Note -Remember hat nether and nae always used wih apostve ver, and thr wih a negative ‘eto (orn questions), versions no ued when the two clauses express a cra, for example er ‘batho can swirly wo bul her siatr can Stating a second clause or santance with nor [Ato a frst cluss © sertncs cvtairing anogatve, we can nrosuce a second clause o sentence wth nor uxilany + clout, ae reer more foal alma fo and + nepatve clause © nar® postive clause, Noe the use af Yodo soto val epeting @ vr rm the previous clause, + Thay dont hove a car, nor have hey shown any sign of wanting oe. ‘Thay dot havea car, and thoy have shown any sgn of wanting oe. {He dows want to rai unt nox yoar Nor Une any good reason why he shou ‘He doesnt want ore unt next yar. Arter ist any good reason why he shoul. + She hasot appt forthe ob yet, nor do we expect har todo sa. ‘er She hast apple fr the ob ye, and we dn expect haa ‘nan tot clauses nave the same subject, no inversions use fr gestar amps, More commonly w'd ute or and na ropeat the subj. + Ho dows oto the thats, nor does ho vist sous ‘ermere canmarly - He doesn got the theatre or vist museums + She coud nt play the pana, nor cout sho sing vry wal ‘exmre canmanty - She cul nt pay te plan a 3g ety wall ‘We can ato use nor inversion after ara lae contanng a word wih a negative meaning, Ike ary, aay oe: + Herat ges thor nowadys, Nor does he miss the place parca hay nw him, Nor Anow wis bother vary wal ‘Trivia comer In arth frmal an lashed tye, the exeesson Yo do sis tsa ceasinaly uses with co ronted~ 20 foo, but not fen nor claves, Nowadays ths seem mainly connec to legato. | can Wve lone, se-eepect, and ckeumstnces rque me 20 od. Jane Ey, Cheeta ronte ‘The loge dtonce was tht ei servant can pas on formation tn the noes of tno stato 201000 (om the Brtsh National Corpus -fo do so would be mare commen hes) itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im05082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong alter. nor nen we use the coma nih... ner. eanstrustion with a fullclause nthe second pat, we need inves the secant negative Wi can alo vert he fat clause, type af negative invrson used for spacial fet, in when cae wo needa parallel ul clause the second part, also ivetd: + Neither do! boteve 2 wade says, nor dott hm an inch ‘NathardoDolove-awont he sayenorintfi-aniiah- ut natio hese oar nthe... or. consruton (without inversion: + One subject, wo vas + Two subjects, one vor Nithor he rer is sstr smokes. (anda singular vor) Nettor he nor hs sstr emt (efomal- plural vers) “This is usualy used fr amphatc or aay ffect, and ince: 2.1 Nagatve version wit Honea edvatils 22 ivering conationls 2.3.08 + version in fallow-an clases! tontonca 24 han + version in compartives 2.5 Exclaations 2.6 Hopes and wishes starting with my 2.4 Negative inversion “This invaos fronting a negative or estctve aver or adverbial phrase and ivering the subject and aalary. Tiss usualy dave for emphatic eect. For example: stand word oder © eted werd der Seléom had ho heard such wonder music [Note - Sometimes the novetial exsresion inthe standard word frie spt ito wo pars, You need to puttheae together inthe inverted vari, Rerimbar hat you leo nee to ade dons in sree tenses: stand word oder ‘She had nover Doon rated so bay bar, Ho ony realised re had frton hs walt when he was askod for is 1. eres version Never before had hs bse rested so bey. (ny whan he was asked fri ID ae reali he had feroton his wale. Note -We cast invert every tine wa have 8 negative saver hae are fee pattems. Bi woo fel the negative adverbial, then versions bligalr. Noize especialy the vor Toms used In each pattem. Fora mere deal discussion, S08 my past on making sense of negative inversion Noked to above, “Thi s mot oen used wit test petal or past plc, an typtcaly with soo such (ara salir expression) o express te uniquoness or rear niqueess a an experence, oF 0 make a comment abot it “+ Nove before nave | ben treated so bay. ‘Ana ver opain wil put yp with that sof weatmant. + Never ne make te sightst lass, even thugh he was in some dscanfo. Nove for ene moment dl she igi tha sho would becom so succostu, Note the saying + Noverwas a nr hing sid in jos, ‘rely soldom, hardly ver Wen used wit present perfecto past perfec, tase also often appear wth soc sch ora iar expessin) + Rarely had sho seen such beaut course Vory rarely do we haar musi ofthis ual itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng imes 0s2015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong ‘She's quite an exctable dog, bt ray 6 this a prolom, + Sold nad he seen anything ute ke i (ny salem does somaare become a enminl by chance Seldom was she heard fo say a word against tm. + Hany ever had she experinced feings tke these Horay ever dd ey get odo enyting nthe slightest bt interesting. ‘Wo always go with Ngh expectations, and har over ar we sapped ro sooner + past perfect, than + past simple ‘scarcly / barely / hardly + past perfec, when + past simp "Note the two fret ptons than wih no sooner and whan wit the others. “No sooner ha she le the house than started fo pour with ran + Barly had ho 83 down, whan thos was a knock tthe doa ‘on no account/ under no circumstances at no tine /nowhere/ no way Wi can vert after no ina fw sot expressions, but ely these: + no account shoud you tl anyone ase sbou this + Under no creumstances must this infomation bo dsclosed to ow competitors + Ato time was |incmed of ter cio. + But Office! Nowhere does it sy that! connor park bare. “+ No way am ging to py tha much for an ic coe! Its day robbery! (hi que infernal) ot until not sinc + expression of ime “Not unt much tore nd ate th + Not since sho lived in Tuscany had she tasted such deco fod ot even f+ cause; not fr + noun phrase J not for nothing + clause + Not oven hey pat im double would ho wrk this weekend + Not fr al the tan China was! gang to miss hs matchi {elem mesning nt fr anything, 80 "ot oral the move In the wa) + Not fer nothing was ho cas Lighting Smiths (eiom mearing Yor a very good reason) ot only» (butalso) not even) + Not only was the foo below expectations, (bu) they (ls) overcharged us + Not ony thy rtuso to give usa retuned, (but) thoy ct over) apologise. not + object followed by inversion ‘This can happen it 2 stander er form o passive nv: + Nota single word dhe say + Nota pony nave oy recived n campansaton + Nat a mament wast be ost, (© Wo wore o tose 8 moment) ‘nly + Se expression + ny tana tb tt dawn on mo + Only ance ys ve read he book wil you See what Vn taking abo + Only after she showed them hor pct ina rawspapar wor (ey convinced ha sho was ono sho said sho was, + Only rely / seldom do we get the chance tos partrmance as good as ts ‘only it clause only by + ng form + Only if you increase the cecount can we poseby accept he dea. + ny by bnting the peter we manago to get ames! sor upto cu roan. Note - Wah ony in paricular the negative ave exzression canbe qute lag, and may be in two pas inthe unverted version. You may alsa have Lo change the ase af he servenee. Compare these unsvored sertoncos with thr inverted versions wove: + They wor ony convinced tal sho was who she sid sho was afer sho showod rem hor itr ina newspaper + We oly managed to gta meal sent upto cur roam by bbing the porter. itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im05082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong Noize hat we can als use anit with hese expressions, in which case version sno wet + (Lwas ony after she showed thm er pcture n anewspspe al ey were convinced that ‘ts was who sho $0) sho was + lLwas ony by bing to porter that wo managed to go a mest son upto our room [Note - Wo det ive ater on itis not followed by a tine expression oan hy clus Ite + do / does it + Lite does else what’ in str fori + tot wo suspect how much toute he would cause us. + Lite does sho care what hn “This attr wt ites used wih vats ke imagine, know, realise, suspect, understand, ands nly used poset simple and pat simple. Shot fms Ike ‘Lite does he know" an Lit des she ar’ are used te matical in spokon langage. Exorcisos "Yu can find some exercises on napstive inversion nate 2.2 Inversion with conditional Incondtenals, we can invert te subeet an the aus should were and ad Out no tes), ane msn + Should you so0 Pte, can you fl him I was looking fort? + Wr thoy nat offer me tho jb, Fl bo vory sapped + Had ho boon istning more careful, ho might have raised Ws mista. [NoteWhen invering negative causes, we can use conimaetions shui’, werent and hag we must use te ful negative: should. not Wor. no and ad ..nt it we can reasonably add ‘by any chance, "hapa oof ‘chan foto a rel Ye cantonal eeing to he present or futur, then we can replace that expression wth should ae ve. We can dots with some 1s conditional, and some cndtoals hat dort the tt condtional pater: + fy 368 Petr ater, a him | was aking for him It you ebanes to see Peter ater tal hm J was asking fr i 1 you shes eo Peter tr, fl iy ws asking frm. ‘Shou you see Peer tron tl in | was asking or in, + te hanpans tt be ahs ofc, you cn contact him on ts mumbo ‘Should he rat be at hs ae, you can contact him on ths rambo. + ty any chance your fends ar hunny, there's some pie nthe hee. ‘Should you ends be hung, tee’ some pein te tage ‘were - unreal present and future conditions (2nd conltonal) ‘Tce ae two ways of iveting 2nd conden: ithe main verbo the aut inthe clause ie ws corer, we can simply ivr ans omit Note tat we ean aly vet wth were, 0 was must be changod to were + If sho was were abit lr, sho could tov by hors Ware che a it ld, she cul rave By hare + the wasiwore ftring us better scours, we would sceapt Wor ho efena ut baler scour, we Would secon! inal oer cases we ees to change the va the clause tom past simple to wor constneton (usualy sed to make suggestions mor teas). We seem fobs ale to this wth most 2nd conational,espocally when we th er hope) he the corton is more unl + ifthe goverment introduced tis tox would tec a to sop ‘tne government ware fo itedce ti tax, woud elect alot of peop Wer is goverment inedice hs ox would alec to poop + tthe drt sccept oor, wo's hav fo lak elsewhere Were ey oto a02e9t crf, we wad have took elena + The tomade cou cause a tof damage ht Havana ha tomada coud cause a to mage were tot Havana Note version Isnt very common when wares the man veo, and it seems to wrk beter when wer followed by an ajc porate rthes tan 8 noun or ronun.In particu, we WOU Bevery itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 72805082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong ntkty tives the et oxpessin | wore you to "Were | ya (atheugh its possi, somewhat rary and paraps, od fashionad). Seo pole an graph atthe oe ‘had «unreal past conditions (3d conditional) Wo can iver any 3 contin by inverting had ad ho stead orting i + tf 71 hd old me eater, | would Pave been able todo something abo Hat you told me eae. | wed have been ae odo something about + Held never have beloved tf ho had seen wth is own eyes Htd raver have balloved it had heme sean i with owm eyes, Wi can vert mixed cordtionas wih wore a hd, depending en whether Ie condin claus reales {othe present or the past + Hox ho not worked so hare wou be where ho now. (Grd! 2nd)- pat condton,eoeer ecu + Wore she no olay, she woul have passed har exams. (end Ses)- poset (goer cendion pst resut “Thess an liom using the une past used to say a oe event makes another event possible (or Impossible). Wo us wasnt / wren forte tak about prosent and ur stuatons, and i hat been forfor past stations. [As with stand 2 person singular in Secordcontionals, wo can use was r ware (mor arma). ‘Wie can vert these exgressins inthe same way as wih Secand and The condonals. Ard es with Secon condita, when we vert we must ehange was Wor. + tFitwase' for my father's hl, wo wouldn't beable fo pay the mortgage. Wor i at or my father’s hop, we wouldnt be abo pay th morgane + Sho woud never have entered the competion had not been fer the enecuragement of har Engishtascner ‘Sho would nover hve ontars the compotion had na Boe fo the encouragement ef hr English acho [Exceptions 1 - should in and coneiton Wo somotios use a Second condtinalo make a suggestion mor teri or pl, in negotiations for example Inthese cases wa can use shoul, ana ean alo invet wih shouts stead o a). + tf yu increased your oder, we would consider fre deve. I you shxad ncrase you ear, wo would corsa te aavoy. ‘Should ys increase your oe, wo woud consider tee due” [Exceptions 2- were in rd conltonals ‘Semmes a construction with were fo have + past patcpo (rd form can bo wsod instead of od in ‘thd condonal. This can suages that someting seven more hypothetical x somtimes suggests that the consequences would have ben very seicus, We can als vat ths. + te alice were to eve found out, Ne woud have Been n treble Wor pale Yo have fun ut, he woul have Coen in tobi. 2 vation on stan contonl form + Ite police tad fund ut ho wou have boon in toi, Hd the ple fund out he woud have boar in tous Rarer types of inversion in condtionats ‘hare aoa fow thor more exotic types of condionalnvrson that ESLIEFL books don usualy tak aoa. tm cota nt suggesting thst frig ears should use these, bu you ght come acess thom in Books, fms te: Inversion fs very aceasionaly used when talking abou possession, especialy with things ke nm, ‘maney, 898%, undertandng. many, ininaton. This teams to hapben most with comparives or ter aslectves, and is use seams tobe n desing: + Hed the ntnatio, | woul work harder: but | rly cat be bothered. + Had we th necessary time ad resources, we could go aed wih reject + Had wo a bator undorstaning of what is inelvad, | might agro with you (on ver ae occasions it alba happens with have lo for elgaten Io, mainly wit and we. This use so som to bein sock + Hac to do al cver again, | woe go about rath erry itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im05082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong + Had het choose between the tno lcalins, he say he would choose Spain + Hd wot depend an his hep, we shoud nove get syting dove Invasion wth had sons to be much more common tan with should ar war, Ba the Ute af version In contra in goeral seems tobe doeng, Exercises "Yu can fin is of exercise on inversion with eonstionl hs 2.3 as + auxiliary (or be) in a follow-on clause or sentence Infant leary syle, we can stat a second clause oa new sentence wih iste of an, to 59y somebosy or someting sor does somthing snlarin some way fs peopl or hings ‘meroned in ho previus clause or sentence. AS wih ard so, me need i inv. 1+ Peters a doctor, asi is wife May (er lefomaty~ an e018 as wit My.) + She comes am Swaden, a do sever cher members ofthe class + The upper floor war burning 8 was one othe ros en the ground ore + Herhasarady passed his doving test, as ass win sister, Say, + The bothers can sing rather wel. As ined can the resto th fon ‘This construction sounds strange wth proncuns, an soa to sour best with ute long subj "Note - Wo dot ivet when the subj of bah clases is tho same +My sstoris taking tho bus to schoo, as sho das oor day. + Wore spending Cestmas a! my parents‘ hemo, as wo" ve aways dono. 2.4 Comparatives with than’ ‘This Is somstines usad when crcl comparing two peopl, hogs or situations (ne of whichis the sumect ts athe teary andra conan mn spoken langage (ere we at kop te sone Yate goths 1 oly option, and | wou suggest frig earsrsavois ta can sun voy sage, + Tho Prado has mare Goyas than has any other gay ‘The Prado has mare Goyas than any the galery (has. (meee natural) + She sng ao bata than doe resto her fay. ‘She sings lt Better than he rst of he aly). (rae tual) Uke inversion after s,s sounds least mural wth proroune, a best wih ger and more completed subjects. ut ven hors mere natural ust ort ts verb + Their hose is rater grande than are char in he neighbourhood, ‘hair house erate grander than eer inthe ighbouoed ar). 2.6 Exclamations Wo somotimos use a negative question fom o give emphasis o an oxclamaton, + Havent you grown, young man? + tent asin pre? ‘Sometimes non-negative question foms are uses, especialy in American English. Using question fom, |s oon anéusuty gute wfrmal + Boy, does iat cassero mel godt (oF Boy, ha casserole sats goad) + Wal, have wo got suse fr you! + Man, a tot woman sng ‘Se sso exclamation with how ans wht 2.7 Hopes and wishes with may ‘These ae typical feundin stings and sympathy cars, and in toasts ate: + Maya your wishes come tue + May sho etn peace + May you have slong and ttt mariage, itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng imes 0s2015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong ‘Ad nf and mui + May the force be with yout (Siar Wors) + May a your Csimassos be white! {rom white Cnistnas- Ivng Bein) + teeg may youn {abu by the Neal Young Steve Sts bana) + May shoop efely graze. (Cantata by J.Bach) trom Gos eave tha Queen’ =the Bish natonl anther) ‘Sem ar nt quts so sympathati: + May youve in teresting times! (is I rn, wishing Someone bad ick) + May ho rn ho for leery “Typical uses with that + So exhausted ai he fel that he want straight tobe + So wath she rn hr business that scams th leaden fl 1 Suchwas nis strength of serve that his opponent rarely manage fo tu Fer mere dtl, see the nsvidual sections: 2.1 80+ adjective + Inking verb «that cause 22 50+ adver + verb + hat use 133 Such bo + noun phrase + that clause ‘34 Somuch ite i. that 4.5 Using such to fe back to seman aesey mentonad 5.8 Some expressions wih s0 an Sve using version 3.1 So+ adjective + linking vorb + that clause ‘nen we use an active with bo we ean nvr the whole ver at just the allay + So stong had Bee to wind that several tees had bean Blown down, + So power wou beth atracton ofthe 2 tha bef ng he wou the nae. ‘ut when we use cher (ikng)vetbs, we Seem to be ited osubject-eusy inverse + So ties had he Bocome, that ho inmestately watt bed + So good lis stk ook tha wo easored ne each for ourselves ested some mre example inthe final sectn of tes por 3.2 So+ adverb + verb + that clause Hor wo seem ory tobe abot vert sutoct and aay + So fon had he played hs opponent that they krew each thers every move + Sowell wore he toa laying, tat he began to wonder hay might nt win + So bady lt no fol abut what he had sad that he cou lop atl 3.3 Such+ be + noun phrase + that clause Wo sometimes ute noun pas folwed by be + such tit. .o emphasise ha dag o quay of somthing, understandable rom conto: + His commimant othe jobs such tht ho cfon works at weckords Hels vary commited Penaps he shoud ge af + Tho weather was such that they spent most ofthe tine indoors “The wearer was vry bad +The ory had ben such, that he coune hao change thei decison “Thos had been a huge ote, Ina mare ampratic version, wo can font such, and ive the sutject and ver + Sushis his commimsnt 1 the jo, that he often works at woskands + Such was to wosthor tha they spent mast of the tm indoors. itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im05082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong + Such had been the outer tht the counel had o change he decision > ‘These clauses can ale be reversed, leaving eu that fr ain a comma) + He tn work a weaken, such his commitment otha fod + The cane hasta change hi decison, uch had boon the cue) 3.4 So much /litle did. that. ‘These constrictions were quo popular in 6h centr books, bt oem tobe ong out + Somuch td his manner annoy her that she ted toevid Kim a al ost. + So much eho rly on her avi that whan se eft ho cn krow wht todo + Solis dhe know about the busines that sued the compen suvived al + Soltis dd ey care abou thsi smpoyees thet sre ware quite equ 3.5 Using such to refer back to something already mentioned Wi can aso use such, instad of th, that or whi to refer back to something aroady sald ae put new information tothe end of he cau + Some animals cary way. (or= Ths the case with the Kangaroo and the walaby) + Jackson sign af the end of his Mth season. Such had aways boon his itrton. \er= Which nad abays bean his irtrton) ‘+ Unemployment inthe ara had aways been high, and suc stil the stuation td (er= and that sti he sista ody) ir young in pouches. Such the case with the Kergao0 ar tho nether those examples consttes invasion eguabe but hare are @ couple of thes tom Shana ‘wai’ song's Tore ie ter Love7, where thre defi ver ut evar for ony foot ‘And such aoa om Inihis extract, such a+ invari oor bak othe provous ne, to mean semoting Ik ha kind of (Fhe ta’. She's saying that hei als a lonly fol - Adm that hed fo analy fo. 3.6 Some expressions with s0 and such using inversion Such is io ( Wes te that) I's the weckond ard it ang again! Oh wo. Such i et + Amon’ haley on 2 deserted trical sland! Suc eth st tht crams ae mas of + So bev (An expression of acceptance o resignation) I ney appa him instead ef me, 50 be ‘Tos involv ewassing he subject andthe nol vr, not st the aul ary. Apart rom uses with ere ac thee, th occur most tan in Maray and desrpve wtih. It a featur fsuboc-vro varaon tat rely occurs with pronouns 441 Hore an there + be, come, go 42 Other common expressions with ong 43 Propstionlprasos of lace wih verbs of poston + inversion 44 Propstionalprasee of recon wih verbs of movement + Inversion 45 Prepstionel phrases with vrs of positon and movement -no version 47 Prepositions pase of lac with ae: vebe witha invertion| 4.8 Frosting other avers ard adverts 441 Here and there Prottly the mos common ype of soc-er inversion when we stat sentence with hr or {hor when uses aerial to ndcatopaco) athe vores bn, come ae go. tho subject sa nun, wo must invert we cant ver fie ron: + Here's your cates Hor he comes now + Thar aro my koys, Fe baen loking for thom overran ‘An! Troe. Fae wondering where et itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 18es 0s2015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong + Thore goes ou bus. We've missed ‘Thor sho goes. Thor sho gows again. (Song by the LAs) There (and hers) plus positon vers Ina mor tery style we sometimes use adverbial thr, ant lessor extent hoo, with vee Indeaing positon, Ike sand and st Again, pronouns are not ives: + Ther sto chien, re out afer thong wat There they Se, eng ha sandwiches. + Hare stand « memo tol those klled in th two Word Wars, Hoe tard, an has done 80 for canta, Invoductory taro Remember hats often more rata to stat a sertence with inveduciory theo fs known as ‘eet hore lle ue comeing existe somewhere), Some poop refer to ts ae a Kind of Invest + Thore was a lage fountain nthe garden (A fourtain was nthe garden’ sounds ange) 1+ Thor are some cus in he cupboard (Some cups ar inthe cupboat hs sounds even strane) \isen ho irtreuctory thre clause includes an adverbial of poston, we can font hat aarti in which case ti flowed by mversin. Ths usualy done in naatives rae han in spoken langage, and we usd rt re + Inthe garden thr} was lage fours + On the sideboard ther) wore some cups 4.2 Common expressions with fronted adverbs of movement “hase shor avail expossons ar often used wih pronouns when aking infra, espe > een: + (ff you 9, enon or yout be ate for soho, + That's nt, up yu com. + And away ste goes! 43 Fronted prepositional phrases of place + verbs of position In section 4.1 we saw how, ina mero Israry syo, lausas wih exist hee + be + rpestonl pases of pace canbe inverted, usualy oniting thee + Inthe garden was alae fun + nthe sideboard wore sme cups ‘and we sto saw how expessans wih he and thors wih be and verb af positon, tke st stan 5a hang, le ea be invrtes + Howes my passport + Thor sat tho chien, ted out afer theiong wa + Hore stands a memoral to al ose kiled inthe wo Wes Was ‘Wi can aso vert wih these vets str ronte prepositional phrases of pace, 3 with here and thee: + Inte diveway was anol Bono + Batweon the French windows stod an anéque grandfather clock + Above the fepiace ng large para of @ woman cessed in back + Qn the hearty lay an enoemous wathoun 1 At the bar sat grup of young women, ‘We can do the same wih can cou be +h ams of $6, har, make oi te + Inte background he painting can be sben te ld i fous + Outsse nthe ste could behead he Sound of ean paying, + Inte stance cout ust be made ou he ig fare ier, ‘Trivia note was sat-ineeasngly ininfomal Bish Englih you can hoa the expression was state instead of was sting te. Nol everybody considers this coe, but is Booming increasingly opdar win people who speak oes patect English tan so te used in iver sentences: + A.young woman wae sats th ba spping a cack ‘Sata the bar was young womsn sping cock itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im ee05082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong ‘ee Section 45 far examplsof situations with oted adverts of pace and decton where we ort use invorion 4.4 Fronted propositional phrases of direction + verbs of movement ‘Sometning sir can occur wth verbs of movement ike come, oo. climb, afte prepsitonl vases cf erection, especialy naratves and Iara or mae femal styles. When these eater fxgrssions ae fronted, inversion posible with reun vases bl i nt used wah pronouns: + An id action engine cameron the comer, stam pouring fr ts chine Found th comer came an cd traction ongina, steam pouring fam is chimey. Found th comer came, stoam pering fem ts chimney. positional phrases + Upthe hit riged te wear tram, knowing hat the top he woud fod ad shat. + Over toi heads ow are ecko strings, rsing and dating ike + Off to seo! want te cis, having. hoa of sh ton hearty bresktast + Dowa the hi od an enormous snowbal,goting even bigger 38 went Other adverbial expressions [As well as srepestonal pases and hoe ard thr, we an tan ether adverbial exession. With ‘sino non phrases, orion common, opr: + Fist wore ho Household Cvaly, and thon came tho Alo. Afr thom marched the nga of Guarés and fray came the royal coach set + Now comes the weather and nxt wi be te news 4.5 Fronted adverbials of place and direction with verbs of position and movement = without inversion Wve just soon in be as tno sections how adverbs of place an tie canbe feted ard in some cases inverted, parculary with vers of poston or movemer. Hare aoa few coraxs where we feat odo usualy vert + th preseuns {pte il thy came, mre ans move of thom (nthe hrzon he eau make ou some ils. = wih rantive vers (nthe tate heals woman ha placed an ol abecleth {pte i 8 man was pushing 8 wheetbarow. + When an intansiive vet i alowed ay an adver af manner Alt back othe hal, 8 young gt stood silently holding » cance ‘Along the oad th ald man tsged weeny Wi cris tenses Inthe co, same boys wor staring taking 466 Fronted propositional phrases of place and direction with other verbs + without ‘Wi dot vet when rnte prepostena hess ae flowed by vars that dont express postion er movement + Somewhere nthe house, 2 or samme + Inthe garden birt could bo haar singing ody, + Bonin he house, someone was igaig th gard 4.7 Fronting other adverbs and adverbials “This Is usualy done to shift the omphasis. We can tet avers of manner (uci, he gathered up his things ana let Canty, he tucked the cid up ne ‘And we cantante of te At mont, sha wsitedfr his eal ‘At precisely sc clack, te telephone rang. 5.1 Frntng sim actives itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 132805082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong 5.2 Fanny comparatves, speraives and ater arms of eompacon 53 Fronted ol so consitions 5:4 Fronted worth lok ote '55 Double comparatives + iverson the boner, the be 5.6 Frarodpresnt and past patios ote 51 Fronted plain adjectives + be Adjectives sometimes come afer bo ad ote Inking verbs (npredicatve pestlon Fresing single adoctvos as te flowing examples is arty rare and rater lorry ft seems tobe used most in religous boks) I mostly seme to occur wth adjectives such a fortunate, happy ee, and often sod with fetuced) lave clases. Probably the best known exagle comes rom the King James Bit + Blessed ae tho meok, fr they wil inher the sath. Mattow 5:5) the teary examples ince: + Happy sth man who finde hist so great beloved. (The Mann the ton Nk, Alexoere Dumas) + Lucky the Quen that has euch minster; and chy bth cour tht over by ‘hem (The Monthy Law Magazine ané PaltcalReview, 1840) Inversion with adjectives folbwed by ines seems ts be att more naira: + Fortunate indeed ar those who can ator a aly ke hat + Sadindoed wi be te cy when we cant xpress cuseves fee. But tis examgl taken fom something Yose mht say + Quek arses wil be your modes proce, language wabste cose not seem natural to meat al sounding mare Ie ‘Thor ao, however, contexts whe adjctves canbe otad wih wero na uch more aa way a he flweg te sections show 5.2 Fronted comparatives and superlatives and other adjective forms + bo “These ae ute natura, nul fellow on from somthing aleady sald inking two sentences ot clauses. Thay seam to wrk best wits nsf such as sl, even, far et or eomparaives, sd by fa, of al ee for supotatives, The subject can be aroun phase aroun laa or exp, wh uses ad hat use) CComparatives + be + The stator was evelont, but beter ai was ths main course. + Forme, more impotant than the pric is whether i's good value fr more. Her frst round vitry was somewhat uneepeced. No less supsing was how easy she ‘eather sacondapponart Dente has gute a good dy tte aces. Even eke was er ens Nina, whe wen en over horse sho bol on oss succesful than Dobbie or Nina though, wes tater ord, Pai, wh otal hor ete ‘Superatives + be + Happiest of ll was Amand, who had at ast met the man of her reams + Fastst ound te track was Fang, the Feat + Most impressive of al wae tht she managed to do ln recor time + Ani time were prety good, but by far the best was ‘Rl Brave + Loss exeted athe prospect was Mike, who da want ogo ata Expressing equality wit equally /just as He, we oxpress sina of quay wih someting ele mentioned ten tater) + Equly as dsapoitng asthe statr was the main cours, ratbrlugh oat bea with 9 soggy Yorkshire puting, boat rp was realy rot. Ard ust 2s good was th prin the evening atonal Expressing inequality with not so Horo, we oxpross a conta with somthing mentioned befor, For mare on ts constuction se the ext ecto: itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im san05082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong + at managed to get served before the cashier wet of for er heh, Not sc wa the woman stating bein me nthe gui + We rth eriyed th set as’ perfomance Not 30 amusing, however, was discovering that | had been pickpocket. ‘Standing out rom the rest-paricuarty and especially Ina simlar way, inversion's que often uses when these two testes are used wih such sects as good enjoyable, import, noteworthy, signee, sinking, nade, nares, -Aaain he adctiv pvase usualy rfers back o someane or something that has already boon ‘mostoned. Ths sor of ivosion canbe foun in academic tots ans eri, fr example. Her re 2 ‘0 example ‘rom Coogle Books: Especialy important wes the fact that George Washington dt and he had the tint (king of ho dosign fot White Howse) ~The Americas: Infomation Dictionary of Histone Paces, Ty Ring and others, 2013 Paricuaty siniant was is encouragement of th yout Erasmus, whose fst two publcetons appeared in works by Gagan (aking about Rober Gaguin)- Renaissance Teg, Reber Blac, 2001 special stoking was his infront tnth Spy Wars Males, Mystores, ard Deadly Games, Teonert . Bagley, 2007 Paricuaty imprssive was te numberof cycles, reported 0/6 millon a city of 12 illo, (ra Lcky Canuck, David A Bar, 2006 Espociaty netowemhy was he super lon by the chorus and most a the pros [Gibe an Sullvan Soys and Gets, 2008 Partcuatynaicable was re skil mannorin which he aranged hop Boys’ Lite - As 1984 5.3 Not so + adjective + be + inverted subject ‘Th unaly flows an from someting aready sa. is used msi wih agectvas suggesting someting positive, the lacky / fortuna hapoy/ good / grt. The veo be ca be folmed by a noun Dias or an ing clave, Vary cocasionaly ti followed by mthat clause, or even mor rely, by (o- Ininve clase in whieh cave is uvaly used wih a wat cle). Noun phrase + Peterson scored a lucky goal arty ann the match. No 2 fonunate was his teammate Jaton, who missed two easy goals nthe socord hat + Patiia was overthe moon af wining frst pit. Not que so dated howaver washer ‘va! Amal, who ad assured that he prize would be hes ing clauses, wh clauses and that clauses + Not s0 amusing was aruiag Just time fo so cur train ove. + Not eo funny was wat happened net. 1+ Not so grat wa tat ost my wale Wat lets Not so cemeaisons ace gute ote thar emphasised by using wha cls 1+ Tho may ttf treted us wasnt so great. * nomal Subject Vero oer + Not so grat was the way stat tated us. tromting + Subjoc Vr iversion + What wast so rat was ho way staf tated us rst. + Suect Verb version ‘couple of exameles: + Tho het! abby soemod woleaming enough, but what was not so encouraging was the sate of eu ra, + What wasnt s0frny was losing my wate. + What was not so grat was fo else we'd hve fo spend anaor te dys thor 5.4 Fronted phrase - worth a look /visit otc. + be [Asan acest, worth highly unusual ina is wal followed by noun pease org tr, itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 182805082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong rather han singly @ noun, the most ser adjectives: ‘The Rodin Museums 1s0 realy wah sing, ‘Common noun phrases used aftr worth include 2, 2 is, a ook, ap, detour the wait tho fon the cot the pce ae An vets stuctr wth ort wor has becom neeasinaly popular, and fe ut commen on User-generated websites such a8 Tipit com. IIs ten preceded by alg o wal ut NOT ¥en “These examples ar al rom the heme ‘Also wath 9 ook the ‘Custard Foctoy” once owned by Bids Costar Ws worth a vsti tho 12 contry Nor Dare-a-Grando, Worth ty ao tractonal hick potato soup and cream of purin. Wen worth the wat is ho Tris Pais Pots do Crime. (a dase 1 tk) Worth» dtcrs Mineral King Itoh cent mining and ogi came Aso worth 9 tpi the fonehing rn Maorele [As wellas being used a a simple adjactve prase itis also semtimes used to medly a fonted noun vase, rater Ie e reduced relate clause: ther pps worth look are tne stone Goodwood Park andthe Shang tes Anataratacton pte mon a datouris the Comtown Roda, Two mor vilogs well woth vi ae Lynn snd Lynch (One varity worth ty 8 Gran Sausazo ‘5.5 Double comparatives - The bigger, the better ete ‘Optonaly, we can ive inthe second else fm dose comparative This snot very common + The nearer houses to the city cena, the higher the rent. ‘mare ommarly +The nearer house i to city conte, the highr the rnt ds 15.6 Fronted present and past participle clauses + be ‘Ths ao ton used to describe the Scone, especialy in naratvas: Present participles (ng forms) de + Coming over the hil was 2 whale top of cava + And banging up the ears Diamond Boy, Being ion tay by Pat Waker. + Net wasting any time wer Stove and is ends, who wet stright fo the bar riba an action Past participle (and passive infritve) clauses descr + Left on for tsa was a smal puppy, no bigger han art A smal puppy, na ger than a rt hd been ef fo fond fr ts.) + Tobe found nsimost every vlogs are delight ite restowants, serving dalicious loc foo Note gone i ate commonly ud his way, ten with word tke days; line, anton allowed by 8 clause staring wi whor + Gone was the uit oi pub we had once known, and ints place Was an uy mat + Gone was the chance to say what ho realy fl + Lang gone ar ho clays whan such language was acceptable. + Gone was the time when he coud st tum up for work when heft he Past participle /parlpal adjective phvases used te describe poston: + Stusted cose tthe vlage goon i 8 bast ol ud. + Almost totaly hidden among the bushes was 4 marble sate of Es. + Coratutypostined other side he toplace were two sramous Chinese poral ds 1 versions of thet exapos wou probably ben thr is/are te + There's a Beatle pub stated clase fo the vilage gre. "Nota when fone as parle, sve verb arms take an ing for (xesont patie; parsve ors take an farm past parti itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 162805082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong + Alage bookcase 100k up most of ane wa Taking up mos fone wal was large bookcase + Alage bookcaee has boon paced along oe wal Paced along one wal was a lage bookcase {61 Frosting subject commons (noun prrass) {6.2 1n root specch and newspaper hesaines 6.3 Frovted mxpessons ater also {64 Exclamation with ow ane wha {65 Froning non closes 661 Swapping the subject and the subject complement (noun phrase) sen anon pea ellos the vrb be Yona a decribes te sbjct in same way, ae «alld a subject complomort. Because tho subject andthe subject complement rer oon ad ho 3 person or thing, they are fen itechangesle: + Pau! Jones sour gust speaker ods (ewe) Cur guest speaker fody is Pau! Jonos + Pari ete capt of Franco (evwated) Tho capt of Franco Pas + The ost was our main concer (ewertad) Our man concem was the cost. [Note - we cart inv wan th subject fe pronoun: + He sow guest speaker toy. ‘Bugis speaker toda + That was ourmain eancom Quem oncom ae ta [At oor tines, however, inversion dose seam to work a + Paul Jones ean engine, AncngncerieFod-iones but we can semaines ave tis sr of tance a infer ty + Aly qusited engnser is young Paul now! Would you bev? cor when commenting ively onthe subjects quaties + Paul id an amazing job on ha sg contrac, Yes, ablody good engineer is young Paul Fontng with an verted clause ean olen be ued nt fret ways to amps wo oer things: + Wo needs a conserew when youve gota Swiss amy krfo? Yes, aver sell os the Swiss army Ane (tering tac to someting just manana orphans on ovary use! oo") + When tiking what to take, a very use fats the Swiss sy kf, (outing new inerntion othe end - emphasis ison tho Swiss ary kno} Inwring. rong th subject complement can help the low rom sentance to sentance, and can help nthe presentation frfeaton, We ns infomation eae to understand nen the ope or snowy Infomation comes atthe bognning of he sertance, an new lfamtion at heen + Wien considering where logo ler on ecloiel hose one pce worth consdenng ie Than + Labrador and retiovers ar an excellent chace fr familes with chien, Another chide trenay bred sto boxer ‘+ Towards the endo the eighteenth century Europe was shaken by @ momentous event That event was, of curse, the Franch Revolution, Enipsis Ina vey informa ail, we sometimes fen artes yee complement ad eave aut the veo be (an + Funny thing, human nate Seange man, your boss. Vory interesting sujet, quantum mechants. Finaly, hres an example of more post type af subject subject complement reversal tam a wal knoan limerick by Amercan writer Dixon Lvir Mert (1878-1872), This version also has tring in itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im sme.05082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong the thi an fouth nas (se Section 5.8) ‘A tunny oe the paca, His boak ean ld more than Bs Foostora Wook He can alsin is beak 6.2 indirect speech and in newspaper headlines With direct speech in narratives In rarativs, version i ten used wih wont ike #37 and reply, and ther verbs suppeting ways of speaking. Inversion dossrt usualy happen whon the Sujets a grencun, “wat big eyes you have, sad thei ot to her granny, who was ling in be, nah and overze ghia rege “Al the batert se you wih, replete wot, for that was who fanny’ ely was. “Shout that be wih wich fo wat you", suggest Miss Hood who could best of 3 “watever, snapped back the wo someaa fed up wih tb Ie ges pedarey and sting nresinlyhunay “A wha ig ect youve t,o the gil in wonder, examining the wolf more closely. “Alte baterto et you wih, ne rowed, bengng the charade to an en by goboing her upinone go ‘After statement in newspaper headlines ‘sina sttre ts sometimes used in newspaper heatines, bt witha the quan marks + lotic pices bound tose, say eneny compari, + Breakthrough in peace tks imminant, suggests dolor + Now teatment fru avast, senounce heh ons + Goverment potey not respansibi for iersaes immigration aims govenmen minister 6.3 Fronted expressions after also ‘This constructions probaly most common In media pets an ads Lo Sometting jst sald can oceur wih pepostiond phases of pace: +The awards coramony was sande by the Presider Also nthe auonce ware many wellknown faces from stage and seven, + leaders mot yesterday in Bonn. Also atthe meeting wee waresentatives of develenng + Also nthe ear atthe tme ofthe acidon was the ministo’s private secretary It ean als accu with pipe clauses: + Also chosen to represent tan ls Paar Dickinson, the sprinter am Doncaster. + Als competing in th bo seigh race was 2 ear fn Jans. 6.4 Exelamations with how and what Inversion fs sometimes used in exclamation stating wih how ad what. Ts is quite ot fashionod and again aha itr. how * adjective phase + be + subjact, + How aren was my vay Fm rected ay J Fors 1964 + How boot i th aint Poem by American wrlerH.W.Lonfllow what+ noun shase + bo + subject, + What apiece of work is a mart (Seakespear- Hamlet 22} + What a wonder ting iste mal, capable of canveying across continents 2 warn human hand le (anomyeus uote) 6.5 Noun clauses after introductory it itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 102805082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong We usualy ute foinetve ad tal clavees ltr inoductry ‘ i/wasmad bee! + fs ater strange ha she shes havea that But sometins these claus ae Fone, fr fect informal English + Thal she shoud have said hat rater strange. + Tomb al the mountains n Seca had always bean bis baring ambition. Wo can do the same wih some wh: clases + Why she had let ike that was anyore’s gus. ‘or-itwas anyone's guese why she had let ke hat + How she hod dan it was atta mystery. er=itwes atoll mystery how she had ane ‘Se he nxt sation fr ring ject wi causes. 7.4 Foning wh clauses 7.2 Frontinginfitivs of purpose 17.3 Frosting objets 174 Frosting adjectives +t clauses 175 Frosting as and though n clauses of concession 17.8 Frosting and echong a previously mertiond vet 7.7 Detached trostes vor pasos 78 Detachod feted subjects and objects 7.9 eauctry phrases the hinge 7.1 Fronting object wh- clauses Wo’ jt soon (6.5) how we can front wh clauses fling inroitory We ean somtimes do te ro wren the w= clause ats 98 the obec: + What he's up to, cant imagine (oormal wort are cart magne what e's up to) ‘Same more examples: + What books she has, she hoops inthe ate + How ho mansged o persuade he bass we never discovered. + hat happens next youl just hove fo wal aed out ‘and wnat | suppor ie Hono obec comstement: + Yar they've gat, Pe 10 ea. 7.2 Fronting infintives of purpose ‘nan 1 moans in ocr to, wo an sometimes front the fo clause wren ws want o emphasis he reasan for eaing someting + He's gong to France on an exchange vis (nade to improve hi French To improve ni French, he's going o France onan exchange vs cope mote examples To.oam sbi of ext cash, shes taken» pattie ob To gt the est rect fom ths prod, clean it cecasenaly wih a damp cath To get it finshed more qucly, he got same hap fram some nerds. ‘This dost atways wor. woul realy work, fr example, with these sentences wth came and go wher, athough thre isan inintive of purpose, we would nama use in oc to: NOT Fob: some food- shee gonetothe shape: ‘Troy coming tfc the id ths atoroon. NOT Fovte the dpe theyre coming the afemoon- 7.3 Fronting objects. ‘Somes we onthe object when I has ust been mersoned or fers to somthing wot aed her about: ‘She go two presents far her brthy, a bicycle and a games consol. Tho biycle she got ftom her mater, ad the gamos consol ram er aha. itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im 102805082015 Random Idea Engh: Exploring inversion a rong (Or har thee sist, she gol an wl withthe to cdr anes, tthe young she arly Formos of ho tine wo stayed on the coast. Our last wook wo spent nthe outa, Inthe Imosck about the plcan wo came ares the Hines food fra Wook he cous isin his book, wher focdfora week sa foted obec. Wa can also do someting smlrin loss poetic contents: + OK. That much understand My problem les with he noe + This last pit 0 escuss in more deta abt ter ‘And semaines in exclamations + People ike that | jut ear staat + A wonder summer we're having! ‘We can slso font few dependent preposton pases + Toi sto nations can bo aed Faves snd Gomany. + Fram ts colgary we've excluded those who lf schoa! seen 174 Fronting adjective complements with pronoun + be + but Fomtng ho usualy echoes o fore back to an aeocive already menned, ans uso for semphasis ofc: + Thay said it was elegant and rather expensive. Expensive cetany was, but | hnk ealng elegant was going Bt far + Rich hay may be, but generous they crt arent 17.8 Fronting with as or though Wie can use tenting wit concession causes (cluses stating though, thaugh ever though, whi) bu ony with ough ra, Dieu though tho exarn was, ho passed teas. + Whoo ted very hart, ho just couldnt do Hard as ne ted he co In tho sacond of each pif thas sentences, he asec or advat has ben rovtd a olomed by though or as, Fron We tha fs sometimes used wh Inking verb such as be, seem, appec, came, ok suns te, Ti it done for effec or arpa Tolarted thoughas sh is, sho ct gol the fist ice, {ovon hough sho talorzed) ‘Smet theughvas she appar, she wes unio o answer he question. (even hough she appear sant) Supsing thats i sound, v0 eave Boon to Lenn. (even heh sands arazng) With verbs [Noo tht wih simple tenses of yrs other than bo, we ned oad toes atu use with ‘vores ane than Geis les commen han onstruction ike the one inthe frst exam). ‘Toy 28 might, he just cour atthe cata sta (even hough ne ted very har) Fail though sho cd tis tie, sho in give up hape of passing event (although se falod tis te) Nouns + tht though | may be, nat ha sta (athosgh I may be an it) Wi can do something sear with ar an the vom bo in eww exctamstions, bu IN not very ‘common. In Arian English only Nou pases can be rated his way ut in British English we ‘an theretcally go Rh ajetives ae wall (bt he even ass conan). Fool that Ja, | nevertheless managed o get everthing ht (even though tm tox ich that hey aro, buyng the cto was beyond even thar moans {ovon though thoy are ch (Bish English) NB, Causal meanings itp random -idea-englsh blogspot.com br/20140alexplorng nverser-and-srontng im