Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Families
DJCrystaL
visit http://Obama-OMama.blogspot.com/
for more eBooks and Software
Word Families
Word families are groups of words that have a common feature or pattern - they have some of the same
combinations of letters in them and a similar sound. For example, at, cat, hat, and fat are a family of
words with the "at" sound and letter combination in common.
The 37 most common word families in English (according to Wylie and Durrell) are: ack, ain, ake, ale, all,
ame, an, ank, ap, ash, at, ate, aw, ay, eat, ell, est, ice, ick, ide, ight, ill, in, ine, ing, ink, ip, it, ock, oke, op,
ore, ot, uck ,ug, ump, unk.
Many of the nursery rhymes contain common word families. You can use these rhymes to teach these
letter combinations (and how they are spelled and spoken), having the students sound them out after
memorizing the rhyme. You can study one word family a week. Students can use the Little Explorers
Picture Dictionary to look for more words that belong to word families.
The following is a list of the most common word families in English (from Wylie and Durrell, 1970, plus a
few other word families) and exemplars of each.
Word Families
ack
ad
ail
ain
ake
ale
all
am
attack
back
black
crack
hack
Jack
knack
lack
pack
quack
rack
sack
snack
stack
tack
track
whack
Zack
ad
bad
dad
had
lad
mad
pad
sad
ail
fail
hail
jail
mail
nail
pail
rail
sail
snail
tail
wail
brain
gain
grain
main
pain
plain
rain
slain
Spain
strain
train
bake
brake
cake
fake
flake
lake
make
rake
sake
stake
take
wake
bale
dale
gale
male
pale
sale
stale
tale
ball
call
fall
hall
mall
stall
tall
wall
cam
dam
dram
ham
jam
lam
Pam
ram
Sam
slam
tam
wham
ame
an
ank
ap
ash
at
ate
aw
came
fame
game
lame
name
same
shame
tame
an
ban
bran
can
clan
Dan
fan
flan
Fran
Jan
pan
ran
span
Stan
tan
van
bank
blank
crank
dank
drank
Hank
plank
prank
rank
sank
tank
thank
cap
clap
flap
gap
lap
map
nap
rap
sap
tap
trap
wrap
ash
bash
cash
dash
flash
gash
hash
lash
mash
rash
sash
slash
stash
at
bat
brat
cat
chat
fat
flat
hat
mat
pat
rat
sat
spat
tat
that
vat
abate
ate
crate
date
fate
grate
hate
late
mate
plate
sate
state
claw
flaw
draw
flaw
gnaw
jaw
law
paw
raw
saw
slaw
straw
thaw
ay
eat
eel
eep
eet
ell
en
ent
away
bray
bay
clay
day
delay
flay
gay
gray
hay
jay
lay
may
nay
pay
play
pray
ray
say
spray
stay
sway
tray
way
beat
eat
feat
heat
meat
neat
peat
seat
wheat
eel
feel
heel
keel
peel
reel
steel
wheel
beep
creep
deep
jeep
keep
peep
sheep
sleep
steep
weep
beet
feet
fleet
greet
meet
sleet
sweet
bell
cell
dell
dwell
fell
sell
smell
spell
swell
tell
well
Ben
den
fen
gentlemen
hen
men
pen
ten
wren
bent
cent
dent
lent
rent
sent
tent
vent
went
est
ice
ick
ide
ife
ight
ile
ill
best
jest
nest
pest
quest
rest
test
vest
west
ice
dice
nice
mice
rice
slice
kick
lick
nick
pick
quick
Rick
sick
slick
stick
thick
tick
trick
wick
bride
hide
pride
ride
side
slide
tide
wide
fife
knife
life
wife
bright
delight
fight
flight
fright
light
might
night
right
sight
slight
tight
tonight
file
mile
Nile
pile
rile
smile
stile
tile
vile
while
bill
hill
ill
Jill
pill
sill
still
till
will
in
ine
ing
ink
ip
it
oat
ock
bin
din
grin
in
kin
pin
shin
spin
thin
tin
win
dine
fine
line
mine
nine
pine
swine
tine
vine
bring
cling
fling
king
ping
ring
sing
sling
spring
sting
string
swing
thing
wing
zing
blink
brink
ink
link
mink
pink
rink
sink
think
wink
grip
hip
lip
nip
ship
sip
slip
tip
trip
whip
bit
fit
grit
hit
it
kit
lit
pit
quit
sit
spit
twit
wit
boat
coat
float
gloat
goat
oat
throat
block
clock
cock
dock
flock
frock
lock
mock
o'clock
rock
sock
stock
og
oil
oke
oo
ood
oof
ook
oom
bog
cog
clog
dog
fog
frog
hog
jog
log
slog
boil
broil
coil
foil
oil
soil
spoil
toil
awoke
bloke
broke
joke
poke
spoke
stroke
woke
boo
goo
moo
shoo
too
zoo
good
hood
stood
wood
goof
proof
roof
spoof
book
brook
cook
crook
hook
look
nook
shook
took
bloom
boom
broom
doom
gloom
loom
room
zoom
ood
ool
oon
oop
oot
brood
food
mood
cool
pool
spool
stool
tool
goon
moon
noon
soon
spoon
droop
hoop
loop
scoop
snoop
troop
orn
ot
ought
corn
morn
scorn
thorn
apricot
blot
cot
dot
got
hot
jot
lot
not
plot
pot
rot
shot
spot
tot
trot
bought
brought
fought
ought
sought
thought
oot
(long oo)
(short oo)
boot
hoot
scoot
shoot
foot
soot
ould
ouse
out
could
should
would
douse
house
louse
mouse
spouse
about
out
lout
pout
shout
spout
stout
tout
op
ore
bop
cop
crop
drop
flop
mop
pop
stop
top
bore
core
chore
lore
more
ore
pore
sore
store
tore
wore
ow
ow
bow
cow
chow
how
now
plow
sow
vow
wow
bow
blow
crow
flow
glow
grow
low
mow
row
show
slow
snow
sow
stow
throw
tow
own
uck
ug
ump
unk
brown
crown
down
drown
frown
gown
nightgown
town
buck
duck
luck
muck
puck
pluck
stuck
tuck
yuck
bug
dug
hug
jug
lug
mug
pug
rug
tug
bump
dump
hump
jump
lump
pump
rump
stump
trump
bunk
flunk
junk
lunk
plunk
punk
slunk
sunk
trunk
Word families
used in Nursery
Rhymes:
Bees
A swarm of bees
in May,
in June,
in July,
came out,
ran away.
----THE END----
Curly Locks
Curly locks
Will you
, Curly locks,
be mine?
a fine seam,
Sugar
, and cream.
8
jumped
in the pool,
jumped
in the pool,
10
One 1 frog
jumped
in the pool,
jumped
in the pool,
11
jumped
in the pool,
12
Georgie Porgie
Georgie Porgie
Kissed
the girls
----THE END----
13
to see
such sport,
14
Hickety, Pickety, My Black Hen: en, hen, gentlemen; ay, day, lay.
Hickety, Pickety,
My Black Hen
for gentlemen.
come every day,
doth lay.
----THE END----
15
Hickory Dickory Dock: ock, dock, clock; ive, five, hive; ine, nine, fine.
he run,
The bee
The clock
The hen
The clock
17
The horse
The clock
The cow
The clock
18
The snail
The clock
19
Humpty Dumpty
Humpty Dumpty
Humpty Dumpty
All the king's
sat on a wall.
men,
together again.
----THE END----
20
top.
will rock.
breaks,
will fall,
Cradle
and all.
----THE END----
21
hear me shout,
----THE END----
22
and Jill
To fetch a pail
Jack
of water.
fell down,
Jack
as fast as he
could caper.
to bed,
did trot,
23
be nimble,
be quick,
24
Knick Knack Paddy Whack: ee, three, knee; ive, five, hive; ine, nine, shine; en, ten, hen,
eleven, heaven.
thumb,
a bone;
, he
He
a bone;
25
, he
a bone;
, he
He
a bone;
, he
He
a bone;
26
, he
a bone;
, he
He
pen,
He
a bone;
, he
gate,
a bone;
, he
a bone;
, he
He
hen,
a bone;
, he
a bone;
, he
a bone;
----THE END----
29
Little Bo Peep
Little Bo Peep
alone,
come home,
behind them.
----THE END----
30
, come blow
your horn
;
in the
corn.
Where is the boy
He's
, fast asleep.
----THE END----
31
a Christmas pie,
am I."
----THE END----
32
Little Mouse: ouse, mouse, house; eal, steal, meal; out, about; un, fun, run; eep, creep, peep.
is about.
creep,
, sitting in a saucer,
best.
E
Aw, shake
it to the east
Aw, shake
it to the west W!
Aw, shake
it to the east
Aw, shake
it to the west W!
best.
----THE END---34
Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary: ary, Mary, contrary; ow, row, grow; ells, shells, bells.
Mary
, Mary
, quite contrary,
grow?
----THE END----
35
Mockingbird
Hush, little baby
Mama's
, don't say
going to buy
If that mockingbird
Papa's
going to buy
If that diamond ring
Mama's
going to buy
If that looking glass
Papa's
going to buy
a word,
you a mockingbird.
won't sing,
you a diamond ring.
turns brass,
you a looking glass.
gets broke,
you a billy-goat.
36
going to buy
runs away,
you another one today.
will do,
in the world.
----THE END----
37
Monday's Child: ace, grace, face; ing, giving, living; ay, day, gay.
A Week of Birthdays
Monday's Child
Monday's child
is fair of face,
Tuesday's child
Wednesday's child
Thursday's child
Friday's child
is full of woe,
has far to go,
is loving
Saturday's child
But the child
is full of grace,
and giving,
38
The Northwind Doth Blow: ow, blow, snow; ing, wing, thing.
do then?
Poor thing!
He'll
do then?
Poor thing!
39
40
Old Mother Hubbard: ead, bread, dead; at, cat, hat; ig, wig, jig; oat, coat, goat.
a bone.
She
When she
She
When she
had none.
to buy him
was bare;
some bread;
was dead.
to buy him
a coffin;
was a-laughing.
41
She
When she
She
She
came back, he
When she
When she
She
came back, he
When she
to buy him
came back, he
a hat;
to buy him
came back, he
some tripe;
came back, he
When she
She
to get him
a wig;
to buy him
some fruit;
to buy him
a coat.
42
She
When she
She
came back, he
When she
The dame
The dame
to buy him
some shoes;
When she
She
to buy him
to buy him
some linen;
was a-spinning.
some hose;
made a bow;
said,
----THE END----
43
and delve;
a courting;
in the kitchen;
awaiting;
empty.
----THE END----
44
a fish
alive.
go again.
go?
my finger
so.
did it bite?
45
, Peter
Had a wife
He
, pumpkin-eater,
put her
And there he
in a pumpkin shell,
kept her
very well.
----THE END----
46
Rain
Rain
, rain
, go away,
wants to play.
----THE END----
47
Rub-a-Dub-Dub,
Three Men in a Tub
Rub-a-dub-dub
And who
The butcher
, three
men
in a tub,
be?
, the candlestick
maker,
Turn them out, knaves
all three.
----THE END----
48
Marjorie Daw;
49
Baked
When the pie
The birds
in a pie.
was opened,
began to sing;
50
The king
Counting
The queen
Eating bread
The maid
and honey.
came a blackbird,
on the nose.
----THE END----
51
, star
I see
I may, I wish
I wish
bright,
tonight,
I might,
tonight.
----THE END----
52
on the bed.
Mama
said,
on the bed."
53
on the bed.
Mama
said,
on the bed."
on the bed.
54
Mama
said,
on the bed."
on the bed.
Mama
said,
on the bed."
55
on the bed.
Mama
said,
on the bed."
on the bed.
56
Mama
said,
on the bed."
on the bed.
Mama
said,
on the bed."
57
on the bed.
Mama
said,
on the bed.
58
Mama
said,
on the bed."
on the bed.
Mama
said,
on the bed."
59
There was a Crooked Man: ile, mile, stile; ouse, mouse, house.
60
There was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly: at, cat, that; og, hog, dog; ow, cow, how.
who swallowed
she
swallowed
a fly,
a fly.
61
blind mice,
Three
blind mice,
See
62
dear,
We sadly fear,
That we have lost our mittens.
What! Lost your mittens,
You naughty kittens!
Then you shall have no pie.
Mee-ow, mee-ow, mee-ow,
No, you shall have no pie.
63
dear,
64
Oh, mother
dear,
We greatly fear,
That we have soiled our mittens.
What! Soiled your mittens,
You naughty kittens!
Then they began to sigh,
Mee-ow, mee-ow, mee-ow.
Then they began to sigh.
The three little kittens,
They washed their mittens,
And hung them out to dry;
Oh mother
dear,
65
,
.
close by!
close by.
----THE END----
66
To Market
To market
, to market,
again, home
again,
Jiggety jig,
To market
, to market,
again, home
again,
Jiggety jog,
67
To market
, to market,
To buy a plum
Home
bun,
again, home
Market
again,
is done.
----THE END----
68
, Tom
Stole a pig
The pig
was eat,
And Tom
And Tom
was beat,
went crying,
69
Tommy Tittlemouse
Little Tommy Tittlemouse,
Lived in a little house,
He
caught fishes,
In other men's
ditches.
----THE END----
70
and Tweedle-Dee,
said Tweedle-Dee,
by a monstrous crow,
71
Vintery, mintery, cutery, corn,: orn, corn, thorn; ock, lock, flock; est, west, nest.
thorn;
in a flock.
One flew
And one flew
east,
west,
over,
nest.
----THE END----
72
, downstairs,
In his nightgown.
Rapping at the windows,
Crying through the lock,
"Are the children
all in bed?
73
What Are Little Girls Made Of? What Are Little Boys Made Of?: ice, spice, nice; ails, snails,
tails.
made of?
made of?
tails,
----THE END---74
Yankee Doodle
Yankee Doodle
came to town,
Riding on a pony.
Stuck a feather
in his
hat,
keep it up,
Yankee Doodle
Mind the music
and I
dandy,
be handy.
and boys,
Yankee Doodle
keep it up,
Yankee Doodle
Mind the music
dandy,
be handy.
----THE END----
Reference: Richard E. Wylie and Donald D. Durrell, 1970. "Teaching Vowels Through Phonograms."
Elementary English 47, 787-791.
76