JAPANESE _ FOR ~-% Ze WORE e Associati AATHIRAGANA: KATAKANA CHART yhalwnreluees ihe Phe! ViReE {Ke AN ON] a | 2 So SRa Wes | Was Brel ns wNs|yee ONE mMHe Dhe PHs wVihe Ve mE VRE NE ONE Game ORE Usa 8h= eX E A a S1X] WD) 3.) NN] UE | IE] OF] Bs) SE AVNJELTAIn Raye ~ | K ha hi fu he ho ba bi bu be bo ZFAlLGlH) BY lF| | ss[]F Vl Sl Al A El-spel| Ain] ma mi | mu | me | mo pa pi pu pe po < » x aye a a ya yu yo 5/0|4)n|4 7i\Vi|w\|via b & y 7JAPANESE FOR BUSY PEOPLE Kana WorkbookJAPANESE FOR BUSY PEOPLE Kana Workbook Association for Japanese-Language Teaching KODANSHA INTERNATIONAL Tokyo : New York - LondonAcknowledgments The book was compiled by four AJALT teachers: Mss. Kyoko Ishikure, Miyako Iwami, Satoko Mizoguchi, and Junko Shinada. They were assisted by Ms. Miho Shimada. Note: This book was previously published as Kana for Busy People. ebook credits scanned by Shigeru Stretch post-processing by Garet Jax ‘The Authors: The Association for Japanese-Language Teaching (AJALT) was recognized as a nonprofit organization by the Min- istry of Education in 1977. It was established to meet the practical needs of people who are not necessarily specialists on Japan but who wish to communicate effectively in Japanese. In 1992 the Association was awarded the Japan Foundation Special Prize. The Association maintains a web site on the Internet at www.ajalt.org and can be contacted over the Internet via info@ajalt.org by teachers and students who have questions about this textbook or any of the Association's other publications. Distributed in the United States by Kodansha America, Inc., 575 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10022, and in the United Kingdom and continental Europe by Kodansha Europe Lid, 95 Aldwych, London WC2B 4JF. Published by Kodansha International Lid, 17-14 Otowa |-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8652, and Kodansha America, Ine. Copyright © 1996 by the Association for Japanese-Language ‘Teaching. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan, ISBN 4-7700-2096-1 First edition, 1996 03.04.05 0607 08 09 10 15 14131211 109 www.thejapanpage.comCONTENTS I, INTRODUCTION Il, HIRAGANA I BASIC SYLLABLES MODIFIED SYLLABLES OTHER SYLLABLES Il, HIRAGANA 2 LESSON | Structure : ~(t~C4.. LESSON 2 Structure : ~~ LESSON 3 Structure: 12~ Cid HN SHA. LESSON 4 Structure | ~4-5~3T LESSON 5 Structure: ~# ¢ #34. LESSON 6 Structure: ~\/t:~3 t. ~A/i~ tle LESSON 7 Structure : ~14~ TL A. MU~TIL AVERATLAL LESSON 8 Reading and Writing IV, KATAKANA Katakana in Daily Life Katakana Chart BASIC SYLLABLES MODIFIED SYLLABLES V, READING REVIEW 48 52 55 56 57 58 75INTRODUCTION It is the hopeful aim of the authors of this book to help students to master kana—both hiragana and katakana—much more easily and quickly than ever before. It is our further hope that our readers will consist not only of those whose native tongue is English, but also students of non-English-speaking countries who don’t have workbooks such as this available in their mother tongue but who are conversant with English. The text for the exercises found herein is based on Japanese for Busy People, volume 1 (JBP1), published by Kodansha International Ltd. To be more precise, the vocabulary and sentence structure borrow from lessons | through 10 and are introduced here in much the same order. Thus, while learning to read and write kana, the student will at the same time acquire vocabulary and become familiar with sentence structure. Once having finished Kana Workbook, the student should be able to read at the level of JBPI's Lesson II, “Reading Review.” An Overview of the Book Before embarking on the workbook itself, the student may find it worthwhile to get a general notion of its contents. That is what the remainder of the Introduction is devoted to. Note, first of all, however, that there is a Kana table on the inside of the front cover, showing all the hiragana and katakana covered in this book, along with the appropriate romanization. HIRAGANA 1 * The pronunciation of hiragana using the kana table Here you will listen carefully to the pronunciation of each hiragana syllable on the tape while studying the table. You should do this until both pronunciation and chart become virtually second nature. * Coming to grips with the forms of hiragana The exercises in this section will give you a good visual sense of the formal features of hiragana. © Writing the basic syllables After becoming familiar with how Airagana appear to the eye, here you will practice writing the basic syllables. The exercises are designed to help you to reproduce hiragana shapes as accurately as possible. © Writing words First read the hiragana while concealing the romanization. Then practice writing the INTRODUCTION 7hiragana while concealing the models. After some practice, try writing while listening to the tape rather than relying on the romanization in the book. © Reading and writing modified syllables (yd-on), long vowels (chd-on), and double con- sonants (soku-on) The exercises here follow much the same pattern as those for the basic syllables above. HIRAGANA 2 © Reading and writing sentences Through the reading and writing exercises in this section you will learn particle usage and sentence structure at the introductory level. Lesson 3 of JBP1 should be completed before tackling this part of the book. In Lessons | and 2 you will write sentences with spaces after particles and between words in order to make them easier to read. From Lesson 3 on, however, you will write in the continuous style, without spaces, which is the customary way of writing Japanese. In the reading exercises, you are introduced to dialogues in a natural conversational style, so that you can gain some proficiency in the spoken language while learning to read and write, thus killing two birds with one stone. The exercises here are arranged so that you can gradually become accustomed to writing in the vertical style. Note that the symbol [22s] indicates sections that are recorded on the accompanying cassette tape. KATAKANA * Coming to grips with the forms of katakana Katakana are so simple in form that you may find it difficult to memorize them. For this reason, we start by providing some visual clues. First of all, we introduce katakana that resemble their hiragana equivalents. Then we categorize the other katakana into groups of similar shapes. * Reading and writing The exercises here are much the same as those for hiragana, which you will have al- ready completed and become familiar with. © Words written in katakana The words forming the exercises in this section will be restricted to the names of com- mon, everyday objects. © Transliteration of foreign words One function of katakana is to transliterate foreign words into Japanese. Here you will be given a few guidelines to help you with this not-always-easy task.HIRAGANA lGe BASIC SYLLABLES Pronunciation The Vowels ajiiujejo Slu (Rl zB Fl 4 |Mlzlt Consonants plus vowel and 2 The first line of the syllabary consists of the five vowels a, i, u, ¢, 0. They are short vowels, enunciated clearly and crisply. Pronounce the English sentence below, making all of the vowels short, and you will have the approximate sounds. The w is pronounced without moving the lips forward. The o is similar to the initial sound of “old,” but it isn't a diphthong, so don’t round the lips. Ah, we soon get old. aoiu eo The rest of syllabary consists of syllables formed by a consonant and a vowel. Most Japanese consonants are pronounced with the lips or the tip of the tongue more relaxed than in English. For example, if the ¢ in kite is pronounced too strongly and with a good deal of aspiration, it will be heard as kitte, So be especially careful to pronounce p, 1, and k with less aspiration than in English. alijujelo ws Wye k A\|*|7\|7)2 HEL CLAYS g WF 7T 7 | at S (Bl) tie) z s shi iE) azyely =m) ef e Zz ji | zu |B) x) ely 10 The consonant k is pronounced more softly than in English. At the beginning of a word, the g in ga, gi, gu, ge, hard (like the “g” in “garden”), but when occurring in the middle of a word or in the last syllable, it is often nasal, as in eiga (“movie”), The particle ga, too, usually nasalized, though nowadays many people use a hard g. The breath is expelled less forcefully in the Japanese consonant than the English. Shi is a near equivalent of the English “she,” but is enunciated with the lips unrounded. Note that there is no Japanese syllable si The breath is expelled less forcefully with the Japanese consonant than the English. When za, 21, ze, 20 come at the beginning of a word, the is alflricative, sounding like “ds” in “kids.” In the middle of a word or in the last syllable, however, it is fricative, sounding like the “2” in “zoo.” Ji is an affricate at the beginning of a word, like the “ * but fricative in a middle position, like “si” in “vision.” Note that Japanese doesn't have the syllable zialjijuje ABS) ct] e chi|tsu F\B\Bi 7] b = e rr F Bll2|a)|n}) na tF\/=|% ? (Z| WO) Be] N |S fu ATER N| a (X a] IF ANLELF[ NSN] K (2) Ue] ar] NP ALLEL TIN Z/Alol/AlE VlElAlsr le The aspiration of this consonant is weaker than in English. Chi is pronounced like “chi” in “children.” Tsu is pronounced with the consonant fs similar to the “ts” in “cats.” Note that Japanese doesn’t have the syllables ti or tu. % and % are pronounced ji and zu. The syllable di and du do not exist. In general, ji and zw are written Land 4’, but in a few rare cases custom calls for # and This consonant is similar to the “n” in “nice,” but is less prolonged. The breath is not expelled as strongly as in English. In ‘fu, the consonant is made differently from the “f* in English “foot.” It is produced by expelling air through lightly compressed lips, much like blowing out a candle. This consonant is pronounced nearly the same as English “b.” This consonant is pronounced with less aspiration than English “p.” This consonant is similar to the “m” in “mind,” though not quite as prolonged. HIRAGANA 1 II5/|4 r F\V)v db w 2 A n 2 Japanese y is pronounced with the tongue in a more relaxed position than the “y” in “year.” Japanese r is produced by tapping the tip of the tongue lightly against the teethridge. It is never pronounced with the tip of the tongue curled back W is pronounced with the lips rounded, but not so tightly or forcefully as with the “w" in “wait.” N is the only independent consonant not combined with a vowel. Occurring at the end of a word, it has a somewhat nasal sound. Otherwise it approximates the English “n.” If it is followed by syllables beginning with 4, m, or p, however, it is pronounced more like “m,” and is accordingly spelled as an “m” in this book. Special care is needed when the syllabic 7 is followed by a vowel, as in the word kin'en (ki-r-en, “no smoking”) Note the difference in syllable division between this word and kinen (ki-ne-n, “anniversary”).Recogaition:of ers ee Svj26B ws (Uo *LFRE Find the parenthetical syllables in the rows at right. (6) bk be AB (wy vy de coe IRF 4H FA (A)AR LA < Boek beb MAH OSH (3)2 33 ¥ 3 (JEN CL (Ni Wl We (Sf) Ses (S)S SF es R (LC LANAL Georg F (#) #2 # > (4)2 @ 4 5 ez ()(W)(F)H 02 HbF7 IBY IBS (UA) S LR ECA EC NCR BAS (H)(4)(B) 2 4 tray e~batpae CE) (I) () Pe ae Be f Reading (answers given below) Lbs 2WOR Bee 4LB SOX OSB GS COC tA “eT & + 1. aka (red) 2. ie (house) 3. kagu (furniture) 4. shio (salt) 5. kagi (key) 6. a0 (blue) HIRAGANA |(BSN 1 [ kBDTY eK AAD Find the parenthetical syllables in the rows at right. (Aico hk wie S (6) 4 (s)LI>=6 TO (<)L (ee ete exe (ak (is) i A Se (va) na (a) bah bb (OD) % (ia) (Fb iP WwW *F ls (W) “ (3) € 3 st 353. (N) 2 (13) (LH UE UF UE UF (7) (@) (ld) (2 RIE A GE ae (O) (2) () retnerexon (2) 2) (a) AOATTIMAICT (3) (a) (%) L A?P6EbANDIA es Reading Lite 2boh 2 aow 1, hana (flower) 2. okame (money) 3. sakana (fish) = 7S¢ 8 F & a b t [Si S$ 8 8 Lod wT An aA S$ 3 t & azAbHE POE 594H4 HEA | Find the parenthetical syllables in the rows at right. (@)t FS 21S (AL DDAABA (atvweto (b) Dav b AH (6)b Leb 1 (e)e ees ee ()O wD SHUR (Lhe tats (6)5%47 355 (MODI W 9 (4)5 34% 2 (H)n bah bw» (4% 4556455 (bh) btw Hb (e)e erect e (A)ARTHAAA @ihbpeesaerr rs sb bea (B)(4)(4)4 FF bA BBR EAD KH BEAS Hibinrababt os eb enon s (@)(e)(T se ote sant cere ten (U2) ¢ (LANL ECON TIL (id) (1) (2) (Fe EE FUE Rk ae EE HIRAGANA 115eS Reading bE 2b 3 pul Ss peReading and Writing The following pairs consist of look-alike syllables. Read, write, and distinguish them. b Oye 5 rr ki sa nu ne te ko shi mo ru ro ho ha ta na tsu to 3 2 utsu lou koi = (i ma ho | * #2 me nu ~ The te Now vii y © sumu a 3. e fu = T sote HIRAGANA | 23eS Reading and Writing First read the words, covering the romanization. Then write them, covering the hiragana. Lieb uchi 2¢ 3 kuruma Ty] 3. ors kasa aLoY shigoto [ 5 AF mizu fy] 6. A kagi L | RAA SL bengoshi a. 2D natsu SS TY hito 10. (A, hon CAB denchi |, | WADA mikan [ | ] 1, house, home 2. car. vehicle 3, umbrella 4, job, work 5. water 6. key 7. lawyer 8. summer 9. person 10. book 11, battery 12. tangerinef MODIFIED SYLLABLES Pronunciation: Consonants plus ya, yu, Although the following are written with two kana, they are pronounced as single syllables. The y, which sounds like the “y” in “year,” is pronounced between the initial consonant and the following vowel. s | sha shu sho ve Ya | ve HIRAGANA | 25Although, as you have already learned, a consonant plus ya, yu, or yo is pronounced as a single syllable, it is written with two kana and occupies the space for two characters. In such cases, ya, yu, and yo are written small, approximately one-fourth the size of a normal kana. In horizontal writing, they are written small in the lower left quadrant of the square. In vertical writing, they appear small in the upper right quadrant. Write the following hiragana, following the examples. 26HIRAGANA 1 27es OTHER SYLLABLES Pronunciation Long Vowels Double Consonants Long vowels are a doubling of single vowels. Be particularly careful to pronounce them as a continuous sound, equal in value to two short vowels. The way long vowels are written varies from case to case. With aa, ii, uu, the single vowel is simply doubled: 4%, ss, 44, Ee is most often written 24%, though 2 2 is also seen. Oo is generally $34, but some words customarily demand #54, The same rules apply when a consonant is followed by a long vowel: e.g, kaa (4:5), kil ($6), kuu (( 4), kee (198%, 192), koo (24, 2B). The first consonant of the double consonants kk, pp, tt, and ss is written with a small 2, 2 here indicates a ‘one-syllable pause, during which the mouth prepares itself for the pronunciation of the next syllable. Take kitte, for example. After pronouncing ki, pause for the length of one syllable, shaping your mouth for the pronunciation of te. And then pronounce it—¢e. With $5, as in zasshi, see that a small amount of air is emitted between the teeth before pronouncing the following syllable. The small > and ‘Y that indicate double consonants are written in different quadrants according to whether the text is horizontal or vertical. HIRAGANA 1 29eo Reading and Writing moku-yabi kin-yabi do-yabi nichi-yobi OBLISK BA <1) OA ES) — - 1 BARAK — HAL os / ao © Darl eva) Dar ¢ #0) Mas ¢ #0) Dkaigi (meeting) @ eiga (movie) @otd-san (father) @ okl-san (mother) © oni-san (elder brother) © on8-san (elder sister) ® watashi (1, me) ® bengoshi (lawyer) @ sensei (teacher) @ kaishain (company employee) > gakusei (student)eS Reading NLUCLD 2340 2 A909 4 b50 83119090 6050 LBBD &YP5D 2 LIDD Wve Weta lEA, NTR, 19h beh Cds 4X5L bb ko T ROS Buse ~@CLHVED ZO S 4ULk SbbExe 6 UwIls TMWIVAREC & LEELA 9 LIREF WbpIo¢ MLebsF BRNESG BUA &@OLMCA BRACE IY |. hitotsu (one) 2. futatsu (two) 3. mittsu (three) 4, yottsu (four) 5. itsutsu (five) 6, muttsu (six) 7. manatsu (seven) 8, yattsu (eight) 9. kokonotsu (nine) 10. 8 (ten) 11. ippon (one bottle, pencil, etc.) 12. ippum (one minute) 13. gofum (five minutes) 14. zasshi (magazine) 15. kitte (stamp) 16. kippu (ticket) B) 1. ky (today) 2. shiimatsu (weekend) 3. kaisha (company) 4. hisho (secretary) 5. ocha (tea) 6, jsho (address) 7. ybinkyoku (post office) 8. shashin (picture) 9. TOky6 (Tokyo) 10. Chdgoku (China) 11. shach® (president) 12. ryok6 (travel) 13. bydin (hospital) 14. goshujin (your/his/her husband) 15. tanjSbi (birthday) A HIRAGANA 131eS Reading and Writing First, read the words, covering the romanization. Then write the words, covering the hiragana. lL Wadi ippun 2 ECwil& — idisho 3. P59 yattsu 4 &oT kitte —_ 1 BY E29 ryokd 6 Fi L FU sui-yani 7 BILVYS A onisan 8 ULE hisho I. one minute 2, address 3. eight’ 4, stamp 5. trip 6. Wednesday 7. (older) brother 8. secretary 329. HL meishi 10. tA AVY sensei WDA kind 2 CAL e densha 3 (XYAOF bangs 4 EAC £7 US tanjooi 5. Lit tokei = SUIO3:A, — soft juppun | 5 10 9. calling (business) card 10. teacher 11. yesterday 12. train 13. number 14. birthday 15. watch, clock 16, ten minutes after five HIRAGANA 133es Reading BWA TT AY lau, FAST. ~2ALVAVRHIWACICZVET, % ive Ls & iL. Ge RB\VoTRETF, WoTboL ely, LomuVlit. |. O-genki desu ka. (How are you?) Hai, genki desu. (Fine, thank you.) 2. Démo arigat® gozaimasu. (Thank you very much.) D¥ itashimashite. (You are welcome.) 3. Itte kimasu, (I'm going.) Itte rasshai, (See you later.) 4. Tadaima, (I'm back [home].) Okaerinasai, (Welcome back [home].) 5, Saydnara, (Good-bye.) Shitsurei shimasu. (Good-bye.)Writing Write the sentences, following the examples. The punctuation , and , occupy one square. When writing horizontally, they are written in the lower left-hand quadrant. See p. 52 for vertical writing. WBIVIATS | Tt Fa]. la}esf. ALA tae AQ wah, |. O-genki desu ka. (How are you?) Hai, genki desu. (I'm fine.) t5 gozaimasu. (Thank you.) imashite. (You're welcome.) HIRAGANA 1 35,HIRAGANA 2eS LESSON 1 Reading Lonit ACT. 2ehis (tect. 3 ShHIL HATH. 4 Shlt ¥ACI CH. SbRLIL # 6 ABHAAIL KUAUCACH. Note that the particle wa is written [4, not , When reading aloud, pause slightly after the particles. Writing (Write the sentences, following the examples.) Lf ola flaitt| 2] c] st]. 2 |blailt| X|A/o} 9 | CFI. 1, Kore wa hon desu. (This is a book.) 2. Sore wa hana desu. (That is a flower.) 3. Are wa kasa desu. (That is an umbrella.) 4. Are wa gink® desu. (That is a bank.) 5. Watashi wa Tanaka desu. (My name is Tanaka, [I'm Tanaka.]) 6, Tanaka-san wa Nihon-jin desu. (Mr. Tanaka is a Japanese.) 38eS Reading 1 A B A: :onlt BATIA, :éhls OX TH. cng wxXtts. Teva, ehld HWETH. LCISATHO. Hib, HLITT. [AEH TT. LUMELT. CIFLSL(. PUG CH. CD BLSL Ce o> o> >> 2 Kore wa nan desu ka. (What's this?) Sore wa kagi desu. (That's a key.) Kore mo kagi desu ka. (Is this also a key?) lie, sore wa meishi desu. (No, that's a business card.) Note that +L (meishi) is pronouced méshi, with a long & Katd-san desu ka. (Are you Mr. Kato?) Hai, Kat desu. (Yes, | am.) Tanaka desu. Hajimemashite. Dézo yoroshiku. (My name's Tanaka. How do you do? I'm very glad to meet you.) . Kato desu, Dézo yoroshiku, (My name's Kato. Nice to meet you.) HIRAGANA 239.es LESSON 2 Reading ~O~ onl bELO (BETT. 2SMnlL KBHIAD LUWTT. 3. HMli LEP LAADTT. 4 PER SAlL PLISAD ULETT. S$ 2H6lL CISLTTARD KeMSATT. 6 onli 16D TAHIEALIITT. Writing [oiMflafalA Ll < | Siz] Cc] FI. 2 felalz Tt |, Kore wa watashi no kuruma desu. (This is my car.) 2. Sore wa Tanaka-san no tokei desu. (That's Mr. Tanaka's watch.) 3. Are wa Hayashi-san no desu. (That's Mr. Hayashi’s.) 4, Yamada-san wa Katd-san no hisho desu. (Ms. Yamada is Mr. Kato’s secretary.) 5. Kochira wa Tokyé Denki no Tanaka-san desu. (This is Mr. Tanaka from Tokyo Electric.) 6. Kore wa uchi no denwa-bang6 desu. (This is my home telephone number.)el Reading I A: Be A: LHlt WedD*LD (24TTD. ZR, DKLOTT. Hnli CHRKOTTA. [bNlt DbheEEAAD (42TH. [bELO BOULTTH, LIF, Bij e HIMMLCIOCLWVIT, Chlt DUYLeED TADILA LI THA. thw az, Enlt 31 60OTH. BWLD TAbILA LIL 451-7699 TF. POLE sawLset, CHblL AEKAATTH.O MEkKXAlL CIREITARDM KNACLTT. PME TH. AUMELT. CITIALS. Pl bblL PELAATT. AXLAAlL APLAAD ULE TH. HAUHELT. MELTI. CITFTL4ALS. e>er>e> > > . Kore wa Yukawa-san no kuruma desu ka. (Is this your car, Mr. Yukawa?) Ee, watashi no desu. (Yes, it’s mine.) Are wa donata no desu ka. (Whose is that?) Are ura-san no kuruma desu. (That's Mr. Kawamura’s car.) . Watashi no meishi desu. (This is my business card.) D820. (Please [take it].) - Démo arigaté gozaimasu. (Thank you very much.) Kore wa kaisha no denwa-bang desu ka. (Is this your company’s telephone number?) lie, sore wa 10 desu. Kaisha no denwa-bangd wa yon-g0-ichi-no-nana-roku-ky@-ky@ desu. (No, that’s my home number. The company’s number is 451-7699.) Go-shdkai shimasu. Kochira wa Numata-san desu. (Let me introduce you. This is Mr Numata-san wa Tékyd Denki no bengoshi desu. (Mr. Numata is a lawyer at Tokyo Electric.) Numata desu. Hajimemashite. Dézo yoroshiku. (I'm Numata. How do you do?) Kochira wa Negishi-san desu. Negishi-san wa Hayashi-san no hisho desu. (This is Ms he is Mr. Hayashi’s secretary.) . Hajimemashite. Negishi desu. D&zo yoroshiku. (How do you do? I'm Negishi. I'm very glad to meet you.) HIRAGANA 2 41Cs LESSON 3 Reading Lonls bELD lFATIS SV EVA, 22nli 160 Uwilstls SVEA, 3 SESSA DVL EWATIL HVEHA, 4 bnld I:1IAD (SETI SVFVA, Schld EID LASATIL SVEKA. 62M oT SHI NTS SVTEVA, Note that dewa is written Cid, not Ch, Writing . (2]afia]s [Slo] Clo] 5 [fe [tl SNA. a “ae N} aA [4/5] wm] IC] < [O] elt lselfce i te rs Pa rimasen. (This is not my book.) asen, (That is not my home address.) rimasen. (Mr. Kimura is not a company employee.) 4. Are wa Nihon no kuruma dewa arimasen. (That is not a Japanese car.) 5. Kore wa ky no shimbun dewa arimasen. (This is not today's newspaper.) 6. Kono kitte wa Chigoku no dewa arimasen. (This postage stamp is not a Chinese one.) a2& Reading ALLO AWS (MEAD AWS THF AW Bivy2, HAMIL SV SHA. ALEID RATT AS Bi bei I0( OTT. ALoMIL PIUARE(D TAHILA LI THA Biiwy2, PIVASECONTIL SLA. AIPDIUUARE(D TAbDILACIIL BAILATT A. B : 788-9904 TF, ALAolLID TADILA LIL? Blass l ID TAHILA SAIL 226-8768 TF. Kono ciga wa Nihon no eiga desu ka. (Is this a Japanese movie”) Hie, Nihon no dewa arimasen. (No, it’s not.) Doko no eiga desu ka. (Where is the movie from?/Where was the movie made?) ~ Chiigoku no desu. (It's a Chinese movie.) . Kore wa yabinkyoku no denwa-bangé desu ka. (Is this the telephone number of the post office?) - Tie, yabinkyoku no dewa arimasen. (No, . Yabinkyoku no denwa-bangd wa nan-bai post office? >pere> 's not the post office's.) jesu ka. (What is the telephone number. of the >= no-kyii-ky@-zero-yon desu. (It's 788-9904.) Gi ing wa ? (What about the telephone number of the school?) Gakk® no denwa-bang6 wa ni-ni-roku-no-hachi-nana-roku-hachi desu. (The telephone number of the school is 226-8768.) eps HIRAGANA 2 430] LESSON 4 Reading [STRUCTURE] xhb~kt | Lowblelt Gms SUECTTT. 28AClS CVA GUS CO FLETCTH. 3 oww8lt OHA BLIGAMSH WLETTT. 4USeOTAlL 2UHH CLO LUISSAETCT. S.BWOwPTAlL T7452 18libab BAD Z0ILHETTH. 6 PTAlL EC LIVHS WOLIiVETTT. Writing (Write the following romanized sentences in hiragana.) Kaisha wa ku-ji kara go-ji made desu. T Kaigi wa gozen hachi-ji han kara jdichi-ji jesu. Natsu-yasumi wa shichi-gatsu j0go-nichi kara desu. [ T T T | | 1 ji kara gogo san-ji made desu. (Banks are open rom 9 aM, to 3 pM) achi-ji han kara jGichi-ji made desu. (The meeting is from 8:30 in the morning to 11:00.) 4, Hiru-yasumi wa jOni-ji kara gogo ichi-ji j0go-fun made desu. (Lunch time is from 12:00 to 1:15 PM) su jigo-nichi kara hachi-ga vacation is from July 15 till August 30.) 6. Yasumi wa moku-yobi kara getsu-yObi made desu. (Our vacation is from Thursday to Monday./We are on vacation from Thursday to Monday.) janjd-nichi made desu. (Summeror) I A: We BAUTTA. > TUMLATT. taal dls BAU STTH AY [8UHSTT. [VSSeTFAlL GALETTHA. DL LOA TCT. raw SL BDAUCHS BALETTITAY POO 2UiMAeS 4UETTT. IFEPSSAM SEI OFAC, Re SDIHH FRIGXAIL BOPTATH,. XF5XAD BOMPFAML WET CHS. HOD Wibs TCH. « Hachi-ji i desu ka. (What time is it now?) su. (It's 7:30.) ji kara desu ka. (What time does school start?) ra desu. (It begins at 8:00.) . Hiru-yasumi wa nan-ji made desu ka. (What time [when] docs lunch time end?) - Tehi-ji nijuppun made desu. (It ends at 1:20.) . Kaigi wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu ka. (What time does the meeting begin and end?) ere paeraro> 2 ra yo-ji made desu. (It's from 2:30 to 4:00 pm.) jesu ka. (Is Mr. Sugiura off today?) wa natsu-yasumi desu. (Yes, he went on summer vacation yesterday.) . Sugiura-san no natsu-yasumi wa itsu made desu ka. (How long will Mr. Sugiura’s summer vacation last?) Hachi-gatsu nijdgo-nichi made desu. (Until August 25th.) HIRAGANA 2 450] LESSON 5 Reading LAS CHIN, 2 (Hy wee CHS 32D bar, (Abe IITA (KEV. 420 NATE G2? LKR, 8.62249 SoTH WS ¢ 64D BSW LUO AT (KAY. Note that the particle o is written £, not 4, Writing Mizu o kudasai. | | Kono ringo o muttsu kudasai. i 1 Rokujini-en no kitte 0 j0-mai kudasai. Ano Okii tokei o misete kudasai. J z 1. Mizu 0 kudasai. (Please give me some water./Water, please.) 2. Kuroi kasa o kudasai. (Please give me a black umbrella./I'd like a black umbrella.) 3. Sono akai hana o juppon kudasai. (Please give me ten of those red flowers.) 4. Kono ringo o muttsu kudasai, (Please give me six of these apples.) 5. RokujOni-en no kitte 0 j-mai kudasai. (Please give me ten ¥62 postage stamps.) 6. Ano dkii tokei o misete kudasai. (Please show me that big clock.)& Reading TA:LD TABI WC ETT AY B: @mnli VED 12BRA TT. A: lmli? B: Zmli 180ZA TT. AlLe, che (KEN. UW A: FALHA, 62RAAD OTH WE (KA, Bild, 25%, AL SMa 4IRAAD SoTH SE CHS. UMC OTHAY B:/,8552A TT. M Ar\WhHoL eset, Bi 5D HSE AKT CHA. ALENTT A. Bi SD HW AxTTH. ALLHTTAL CIF BI@D Hiwwsvy HS WC HTH A. A: chit 3,000RA TT. Bi Uwe, CD Hse CEA, I A. Kone denchi wa ikura desu ka. (How much is this battery?) B. Sore wa hitotsu hyakunijdhachi-en desu. (One of those is ¥128.) A. Kore wi ‘How about this one?) B. Sore wi jij-en desu. (That one is ¥180.) A. Ja, kore (Well, give me this one then.) IL A. Sumimasen, Rokujdni-en no kitte o nijd-mai kudasai. (Excuse me. I'd like twenty ¥62 postage stamps.) B. Hai, dézo. (Here you are.) A. Sorekara yonjdichi-en no kitte o jago-mai kudasai. (Then I'd like fifteen ¥4! postage stamps, please.) Ikura desu ka. (How much does that come to?) B. Senhappyakugojiigo-en desu. (That's ¥1,855.) Mm A. se. (May I help you?) B. misete kudasai. (Please show me that umbrella./I'd like to see that umbrella.) A. Dore desu ka, (Which one?) B. Ano aoi kasa desu. (The blue umbrella.) A. Kore desu ka. D&zo. (This one? Here you are.) B ‘asa wa ikura desu ka. (How much is that small umbrella?) A en desu. (This is ¥3,000.) B o kudasai. (I'll take this umbrella then.) HIRAGANA 2 47eo LESSON 6 Reading LbkKLIL BYoT AVLHAN WSEF, DEERAAlE DIO IKA TU JHE HAVEL. RSP LEAD CEKGIL BLA I:lIAN SEF. 4 bre LEBIS Lei dole Re FUI WAET, SALPLAAD BC SAlL HAL MID CLIVE BRA CFCIN VWREZLA, 6 $4 WUTTHES APN HAVET. LUESCBSAIL AEWA BHAAMSH CII SELLA, Note that both ni and e can be used to indicate the direction of movement. The particle e is written ~, Writing Watashi wa asatte taishikan e ikimasu. J Mo jo-ji desu kara, heya e kaerimasu. ] ee Watashi wa asatte taishikan ¢ ikimasu, (I'm going to the embassy the day after tomorrow.) Murata-san wa kin6 no ban ku-ji ni uchi ni kaerimashita. (Mr. Murata went home at nine last night.) Hayashi-san no tomodachi wa ashita Nihon ¢ kimasu. (Mr. Hayashi’s friend is coming to = Kyéto ni ikimasu. (We are going to Kyoto over the weekend.) no do-yobi ni Narita KGk6 ¢ ikimashita. (Mr. Hayashi’s wife went to Narita airport last Saturday.) M6 ja-ji desukara heya e kaerimasu. (I's already 10 o'clock, so I'm going back to my room.) Sekiguchi-san wa kyonen Osaka kara Toky® ni kimashita, (Mr. Sekiguchi came to Tokyo from Osaka last year.) ae 48Hayashi-san no tomodachi wa ashita Nihon e kimasu. T ] ] L li TL AtWdaee ElUMEN WREST, Bi dWLlen PAN ETA ALUW2Z, PAN EHtA, MN A: CASI EK WHoLeVELE.CIT Cb5~ Bi LomuLlat. ALYCIA Brit (KAY. M A: RoeTAI Cin wists. Bi tbebe kwILMIN WET, ALUSLEIE WRETA. Bliiw2, VALEIML WEA, 1 A. Ima kara Yokohama ¢ ikimasu. (I'm going to Yokohama right now.) B. Kaisha ¢ kaerimasu ka. (Will you return to the office?) A. lie, kaerimasen. (No, I won't.) Il A. Konnichiwa. Yoku irasshaimashita. (Hello [welcome]!) D&z0 kochira e. (Please come in.) B. Shitsurei shimasu. (May 1 [come in]?) A. Dizo okake kudasai. (Yes, please have a seat.) Il A. Natsu-yasumi ni doko ¢ ikimasu ka. (Where will you go for your summer vacation?) B. (I'm going to Kyushu with a friend.) A. mo ikimasu ka, (Will you be going to Hiroshima, too?) B. lie, Hiroshima ni wa ikimasen. (No, I won't [be going to Hiroshima).) HIRAGANA 2 49es LESSON 7 Reading ~la~ tLe a~ TIE HVERATL Lop Al CLIREITARD NACLELA, 2EEUMM DALMD KAULIVTLEA, 3 AMI PTATIA HVFHATLA,L 4 &OFlL CLAIVTSL SVEXATLE. Writing Ototoi wa watashi no tanjobi deshita. a LITITITttt Kino wa yasumi dewa arimasen deshita. LITTTTIT tt) T |. Kaneda-san wa Toky® Denki no bengoshi deshita. (Mr. Kaneda was a lawyer at Tokyo Electric.) 2. Ototol wa watashi no tanjObi deshita. (The day before yesterday was my birthday.) 3. Kind wa yasumi dewa arimasen deshita. (Yesterday was not a holiday.) 4. Kind wa do-yObi dewa arimasen deshita, (Yesterday was not Saturday.) 50Kaneda-san wa Tokyo Denki no bengoshi deshita. 7 TTT {| eS Reading 1 #ALei XAXT CM HAE HAVEL, Ciwyb DWELA. HAld B,S00LATLA.W Litiuis 39,000ZA TLA. 2, SOI CEI CLA. Lexi l2Ua TCL A SOFIE CEKEBM KAUEIVUTLA, CEKSA IFA DIAE ENELK. ELTAVAE ALLA. 1, Sensh Ginza de kono kasa o kaimashita. Tokei mo kaimashita, Kasa wa hassengohyaku- en deshita, Tokei wa sanmankydsen-en deshita. (I bought this umbrella in Ginza last week. | bought a watch, too. The umbrella was ¥8,500. The watch was ¥39,000.) 2. Kind wa do-yobi deshit ade deshita. Kind wa tomodachi no tanjobi deshita. Tomodachi to ban-gohan o tabemashita. Soshite eiga 0 mimashita. (Yesterday was Saturday. | worked until 12:00. Yesterday was my friend's birthday. | had dinner with him/her. Then we saw a movie.) Shi HIRAGANA 2 SIe LESSON 8 Reading and Writing Write the following sentences vertically in the squares. The punctuation mark , is written in the upper right-hand quadrant of the square. laPPlL[S Alltel Ul» [5 Fle |S Xe OlL Le avdslelo/Fa SAS EILAL ZU Hrs (Tk SLIMY ETL TAN | ook oe De PEN sea SASHA tll] D9] NI | gic le VW hy sceidagelichis oO Hayashi-san wa senshi Kydto no shisha kara Toky e kimashita, Soshite asatte Kydto ni kaerimasu. (Mr. Hayashi came to Tokyo from the branch office in Kyoto last week. He is going back to Kyoto the day after tomorrow.) 32om} Reading and Writing Write the following sentences vertically in the squares. Wig Kop eS Se x Sloe De [Cet telsle a CAI OF IC A Puen BlvA \\ E[C «olf RLS Te FEV Ale | ul” = = 2 ct Mole Lobos Si (SHH Seely) SIMMS A alee] sok ioe CANTINA ES He Ima ni Kawamura-san to okusan ga imasu. Shokudd ni otoko no ko to onna no ko ga imasu. Daidokoro ni wa dare mo imasen. (Mr. Kawamura and his wife are in the living room. A boy and a girl are in the dining room. There is no one in the kitchen.) HIRAGANA 2 53KATAKANAKatakana in Daily Life Katakana is used in the following ways: 1. For words of foreign origin 2. For onomatopoeia eg: 7% 7% (wan wan)=bowbow (nya nya)=meow 343 3— (kokekokk6)=cock-a-doodle-doo 3. For emphasis Seo = 36Katakana Chart KATAKANA 57BASIC SYLLABLES Writing The way lines are aids to accurate style. As with hiragana, in writing katakana, the stroke order is, e, first from top to bottom, then from left to right. “FCP N Ss ob hee Ne AG HE RS + A SAIN\h \y XY & iS Hi tet 44 aS | Pys 5 tr | Wb > LL on [| DZ) KI ve [RI DX] DRI! R wo A\ AI | ha7Z7\ 2 2N_ FEI » PEF A SSISho ie TT rh ma Ka _™~ t An | mi >| “~“ yarralral me > Al DA] | mE = mA P| Be] | yo Fa] ES yo (Sat TH FH SH | _ a7 7 5 HH Jlt i=aU nm Jb) Ib ribo vi roTI ) YT wa TZ) o FP FR FF oY) >| Y 0 NUReading and Writing The following look-alike katakana are easily confused. Read and write them. y Y shi tsu + sana 2 3 72\ no ha bk ito chi te “i 7 Jb yy y ku ta te x hie | | | 4 ma mu * o ho A nu su + me na Lb rure | a yo ko KATAKANA 63es MODIFIED SYLLABLES Reading and Writing 1. Modified syllables (e.g., kya, kyu, kyo) and double consonants are written in katakana in the same way as in hiragana, LAAN Dee RE LEY YH Ye YNY SYeAR BYaY7 LeyFy &BIYT WYavkyYT |. kyabetsu (cabbage) 2. kyasuto (cast) 3. Girisha (Greece) 4. shampen (champagne) 5. jasuto (just) 6. shokku (shock) 7. kitchin (kitchen) 8. koppu (cup) 9. shoppingu (shopping) 2. Long sounds are represented by a dash, —, WEI) IK 12.292-E- BAX—-— WFAN hf UAT 10, birw (beer) 11. bru (ball) 12. kOhi (coffee) 13, suki (ski) 14, depiito (department store) 15. sipu (soup) 3. Some syllables (sounds), such as English do not exist in the Japanese syllubary and therefore can’t be transliterated directly into katakana. They are represented by such combinations as seen in the following examples. 6 Fatyhb 1.Fa-F7 BHAT Ww7Pth WO 7eYR 2. 74—-IWE RWAA¢—-F BPPAARYY Me, -—FR WTtAR WAVA—-FY WIAN—F4A— BwFa—-—F— BW7A-Y 0.74 'F4— 16, duetto (duet) 17. diku (duke) 18. disuke (disco) 19, faito (fight) 20. fensu (fence) 21. firudo (field) 22, fOku (folk) 23. vaiorin (violin) 24, Vinasu (Venus) 25. Venisu (Venice) 26. Suéden (Sweden) 27. piiti (party) 28. ty@t (tutor) 29. kudtsu (quartz) 30, kuoriti (quality)eS Reading and Writing First read the words in katakana, covering the romanization. Then write them, covering the katakana. LPx YA Amerika | ANA Igirisu 3 7FAVA Furansu 4K 4Y Doitsu §. 2a—3-—7 Nyiyoku | 6nYKY Rondon LAER Sumisu 8. Howaito L % FIRS Buraun 1 America 2. England 3, France 4. Germany 5, New York 6, London 7. Smith 8. White 9. Brown KATAKANA. 65Co Reading and Writing LAXxF kamera RFE terebi LAY rajio 4 2NK basu ‘a kiro a-7FTFL guramu 71 EI biru 8 ANY pan 9 FIN— } depato 10. A—7V— sipa I. camera 2. television 3. radio 4. bus 5. kilo 6. gram 7. building 8. bread 9. department store 10. supermarketfs Reading and Writing The following words are from the illustration on p. 68, 69. First read the words in katakana, covering the romanization. Then write them, covering the katakana. Lapeer sarada 212-79 kora Ee piza 4F-K chizu 5. INF HF banana 6. $3 2L-— } chokoréto 1AA—f sukato zubon 9a RTIA nekutai 10. Yer y b jaketto I. salad 2, cola 3. pizza 4, cheese 5. banana 6, chocolate 7. skirt 8, trousers 9. necktie 10, suit jacket KATAKANA 67eS TEST YOUR READING ABILITY 1es TEST YOUR READING ABILITY 2 ISEFTT-7 WeEFtTy* 9a aL—-Fb WtyAr7y bak 70Wey bF-TLI-F— 36 T 40x KATAKANA 71shanderia tabako sta paipu kohi sukifu sOs@ji hamu 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32. 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 2 téburukurosu naifu foku supin piza piano iyaringu waishatsu nekkuresu nekutai jaketto kakuteru beruto sitsu wanpisu baggu zubon haihiru chandelier cigarette sweater pipe coffee scarf skirt sofa whisky wine brandy sausage drinking glass ham cheese salad pineapple banana beer melon orange cola tablecloth knife fork spoon pizza piano earring dress shirt necklace necktie suit jacket cocktail belt suit a dress purse trousers high-heeled shoes 22 34 35 36 x 38 9 40 8 kara beddo suitchi git doa pajama karenda beddokaba konsento raketto terebi surippa boru bideodekki bideotépu potto kukki supika chokoréto insutantokohi téburu kapetto kusshon katen sutando wilpuro dejitarukurokku kasettotépurekida fairu furoppidisuku serot&pu kyabinetto hitt airon basuketto hankachi kodo kuring cooler, air conditioner bed switch guitar door pajamas calendar bedspread wall socket/outlet racket television slippers ball video deck videotapes thermos jug cookies speaker chocolate instant coffee table carpet cushion curtain desk lamp word processor digital clock cassette tape recorder file notebook ball-point pen floppy disk scotch tape cabinet heater iron basket handkerchief code vacuum cleanereS TEST YOUR WRITING ABILITY Try writing the following English words in katakana, following the examples. jam>| 7 x | Ls hotel Ft sport 2] ]—|y| testa x)” F lunch>|7\|¥ FF) matcho 2) y | F a | super>| A)—|7N|—) top>) by | 7 —— = = . soup—| % -\7F party>\7*|—|\ 7) 4 |- |. tennis 2. golf! | amilk>{ | | 4. concert} | s.box>| | 6. maker> | 7. user—| l 8. system—> 9. money—>|_ To | 10. schedule | 1. computer TL] LFZAR LVF NEWT A aYHHb SHYT a tenisu gorufu miruku konsato bokkusu 6B A-H-— LA—Y¥— BYAFL 1TR— meka yaza shisutemu mané WATYa-—w I Ayeka-7— sukejaru Kompata KATAKANA 73fa TEST YOUR WRITING ABILITY coat, court>| 7 |—| } bath, bus>)7‘| ~ food, hood>| 7 | —) F light, right) 7| 4 | 1. lighter, writer—> 2. leader, reader—> 3. hall, hole 4. sauce, source = — 5. loan, lawn 6. ball, bowl L9te— VY-F— LR-W AYR raita rida horw sOsu S.o-7 64-1 ron boru 14READING REVIEWeS READING REVIEW 1 8O7F NAT EAENWSZL KR FNH FTL A—KFE BVWELE, SDSTATYA—-AEDALLE.ELT IZ YC THSDRV EL Ke 1, Kind basu de Ginza e ikimashita. Depato de rekddo o kaimashita. Kissaten de jisu © nomimashita, Soshite takushi de uchi ni kaerimashita. I went to Ginza by bus yesterday. I bought a record in a department store. | had some juice in a coffee shop. Then 1 went home by taxi. 2, Sumisu-san wa sengetsu Amerika kara Nihon e kimashita. Ashita okusan ga kimasu. 3 _2 Raigetsu okusan to Igirisu ni ikimasu. Z 2 e : is x \ Mr. Smith came to Japan from America last Fz + 3 FRE month. His wife is coming tomorrow. He is oD it fF ON going to England with her next month. # ~ ep < uw? : in 7 - 3. Ima ni Okii terebi ga arimasu. Tsukue no ue ni = & fe % Wee tt tépurekddd ga arimasu. Daidokoro ni rajio ga = = 5 2 arimasu. a7 is % a“ There is a big television in the living room. a . ; Cau There is a tape recorder on the desk. There is a 5 Te x US radio in the kitchen. yk & Kk aH oi ge Zi» “Be 7 4 ¢ 9 b |g Se] Dae YA a 2 b° Ae b 7 (2 16es 4 EDFUPTATLEHIPSLTEOMITARTLED SD, LEKEBLFARZELELAL FAVA LOAD BSA ITH As—bHH VET. CSETFAAI—HhETHRELHKL GI BroTFTARIA-—bSTSSETISBA CHWTHMN EC SI BAVAN ELK. CEKStEISICXSELAL, FT STY eH I—HHVELKWE LtUYa-REDAZR LA. US DAN TUT FA GF ERS LK. TMHSEE-NMEMAELK. Sl SA ZCI PYLAOAWHEAGLE, UCbLowry FYABAVA TLE. FEOHLFIN— bb TAN EDELELEA. HLAIULMUCADKAUE TUTTI HE ATII4 BAWEL ke TMH HY HK YNYbAVELKA Vocabulary F=AI— >} tenisukdto (tennis court) y+ 7—£HU44 shawa o abimasu (take a shower) ovyty7 romanchikku (romantic) 04% sono ato (after that) Kind wa yasumi deshita. Asa kara totemo ii tenki deshita kara, tomodachi to tenisu 0 kan no chikaku ni tenisukdto ga arimasu. Kuruma de tenisukdto isukdto made kuruma de jGgo-fun gurai desu. Jaichi-; Yesterday was a holiday. It was very fine from morning, so | played tennis with a friend There is a tennis court near the German embassy. We went to the tennis court by car. It takes about fifteen minutes from my house to the court by car, I got home about | 1:00. My friend came home with me. We took a shower. Then we had some juice. We had sandwitches together for lunch. We also had some beer. We saw a French movie in Ginza in the afternoon. It was a very romantic movie. After that, we did some shopping in a department store. Tomorrow is my husband's birthday, so 1 bought a necktie. And then I bought some champagne, too. READING REVIEW 77Learn hiragana and katakana more quickly and easily than ever before Japanese for Busy People: Kana Workbook is a concise course for “busy” students who want to learn the two kana scripts, hiragana and katakana, as etfectively as possible in a limited amount at time. This workbook offers a unique ‘and proven approach to writing accurate and well-formed kana that has been tried and tested in the classrooms of AAJALT. The pronunciation and configuration of the kana are taught in tandem, based on a solid foundation of clear-cut commentary, unique writing drills, and an optional audio cassette called Japanese for Busy People: Kana Workbook Tape. Using basic sentence patterns and phrases, the student learns not only how to read, write, and pronounce hira- .gana and katakana, but also how to incorporate and distinguish Japanese sorip in the living language, The Kana Workbook is a fully integrated component of the Japanese for Busy People series. All sentence patterns and vocabulary have been modeled after Lessons 1 through 10 of the best-selling Japanese for Busy People I. Used together, these two books accelerate and strengthen the leaming process. The Kana Workbook isthe ideal supplement for anyone using or planning to use the Kana Version of Japanese for Busy People. The Kana Workbook has the following features: + a unique approach to kana that enables the user to learn reading, writing, listening, and pronunciation + can be used together with Japanese for Busy People: Kana Workbook Tape, available separately + afocus on basic sentence patterns and kana usage + is fully itograted with the Japanese for Busy People series THE AUTHORS: The Assocation for Japanese-Languoge Teaching (AJALT) has bwen recognize sa nonprofit organization by the Ministry of ic tion since 1977, was established to mee the practical needs of people who are not necessary specialists on Japan but wha wish to communicate cefectwoly in Japanese. bo 1932 the Assocation was awarded the Japan Foundation Special Prize {Nil ll ISBN 4-7700-205b-1 www.thejapanpage.com