Numbers

Ada perbedaan tentang cara penulisan bilangan decimal antara bahasa Inggris
dengan bahasa Indonesia. 1) Untuk menuliskan bilangan pecahan, dalam bahasa
Indonesia bilangan decimal dipisahkan dengan tanda koma (,) sedangkan dalam bahasa
Inggris dipisahkan dengan titik (.). 2) Untuk memisahkan antara ratusan dan ribuan,
ribuan dan jutaan, dalam bahasa Indonesia dipisahkan dengan tanda titik (.), sedangkan
dalam bahasa Inggris dipisahkan dengan tanda koma (,).
Perhatikan contoh berikut.
a. Indonesian ~ 0,5
=> nol koma lima
English
~ 0.5
=> naught point five
b. Indonesian ~ 5.150
=> lima ribu seratus lima puluh
English
~ 5,150
=> five thousand one hundred and fifty.
Contoh cara membaca bilangan pecahan dalam bahasa Inggris
1. 0.05
= naught point oh five
2. 5.07
= five point oh seven
3. 50.509
= fifty point five oh nine
4. 555..555 = five hundred and fifty-five point five-five-five, etc.
Latihan 25
Write the following numbers with English words!
1. 0.007
2. 25.56
3. 50.0134
4. 0.68
5. 74.751
6. 571,570
7. 0.252
8. 2,590.36
9. 47.099
10. 115.155

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Penjumlahan
Cara membaca penjumlahan Antara lain dengan menggunakan ungkapan plus or
added by.
Contoh:
1. 2 + 5 = 7 ~ two plus five is/ equals seven
~ two added by five is/ equals seven, or
~ the sum of two and five is seven.
2. How much is fifteen added by fifty?
(15 + 50 = ..........)
~ Fifteen added by fifty is/ equals sixty-five or Its sixty five.
3. What is the sum of ten and twelve?
(10 + 12 = ..........)
~ The sum of ten and twelve is twenty-two or Its twenty two
4. Is the sum of nine and twelve -- twenty-one?
(Is 9 + 12 = 21 ?)
~ Yes, it is.
5. Is a fifth added by a third equals two-fifteenth?
(Is 1/5 + 1/3 = 1/15 ?)
~ No, it isnt. But It is eight-fifteenth, etc.

Latihan 26
a. Write the following mathematic sentences of addition with English words and find out
the result as well!
1. 7 + 9 = ..............................................................................................................
2. 19 + 40 = ............................................................................................................
b. Answer the following questions!
1. What is the sum of fifteen and twenty?
.........................................................................................................
2. Is the result of seven added by nine -- fifteen?
........................................................................................................
3. How much is four plus twenty-five?
.......................................................................................................
Pengurangan/Subtraction

Cara membaca pengurangan dapat digunakan ungkapan seperti: minus or subtracted

by.
Contoh:
1. 9 - 7 = 2
~ nine minus seven is/ equals two
~ nine subtracted by seven is/ equals two.
2. How much is five subtracted by one ? (5 - 1 = ........?)
~ Five subtracted by one is four or Its four
3. Is twenty minus five - fifteen ? (Is 20 - 5 = 15 ?)
~ Yes, it is, etc.
Catatan: Kita bisa juga mengatakan subtract ..... from ........
Contoh: Subtract 10 from 50. How much is the result or the rest?
That means take 10 from 50. The result or the rest is 40.
Latihan 27
a. Write the following mathematic sentence of subtraction with English words and find
out the result as well!
1. 1/2 - 1/3 = .......... .........................................................................................
2. 97 - 15 = ............ .........................................................................................
b. Answer the following questions!
1. What is the result of ninety-seven subtracted by twenty-two?
..........................................................................................................................
2. Is a third subtracted by two-fourth -- a twelfth?
..........................................................................................................................
3. If you subtract twenty mangoes from a hundred in a basket. How many mangoes
left?
.........................................................................................................................

Perkalian/Multiplication
Ungkapan yang digunakan dalam perkalian Antara lain: times or multiplied by.
Contoh:
1. 15 x 2 = 30 ~ fifteen times two is/ equals thirty
~ fifteen multiplied by two is/ equals thirty.
2. How much is seventy-five multiplied by seventy-five?
(75 x 75 = ......... ?)
~ Seventy-five multiplied by seventy-five is/ equals five thousand, six hundred and
twenty-five.

~ Its five thousand, six hundred and twenty-five. (5,625)

3. Is twenty-five times twenty-five -- six hundred and twenty-five ?
(Is 25 x 25 = 625?)
~ Yes, it is
Catatan:
Bisa juga dikatakan to multiply ....... by ......... .
Contoh : If we multiply six by seven, what is the result?
~ Its forty-two. (6 x 7 = 42), etc.
Latihan 28
a. Write the mathematics sentences below with English words and find out the result as
well!
1. 55 x 55 = ................................................................................................................
2. 12 x 15 = ................................................................................................................
b. Answer the following questions!
1. What is the result of nine multiplied by ninety?
....................................................................................................................
2. In order to get a hundred and fifty, we must multiply ............... by .................
3. Is twenty-five multiplied by three -- a hundred?
....................................................................................................................
4. If we multiply ten by two, what is the result?
...................................................................................................................
5. What is the result of two-third times a fourth?
...................................................................................................................

Pembagian/Division
Ungkapan yang digunakan adalah divided by.
Contoh:
1. 50 : 5 = 10
~ fifty divided by five is/ equals ten
2. How much is four divided by itself ?
~ Its one.
3. If we divide nine by three, the result is .....................
4. To get five in each part, we must divide ................................. by five.
5. Is twelve divided by three equals two ?
~ No, it isnt
Latihan 29
a. Write the following division with English words and find the result as well!
1. 28 : 7 = ........ ...............................................................................................
2. 4,225 : 65 = .......... ............................................................................................
b. Answer the following questions!
1. If we divide a hundred and forty-five by twelve, what is the result?
.............................................................................................................
2. How much is sixteen divided by five?
...........................................................................................................................
3. Is sixteen divided by three -- four point five?
............................................................................................

Akar/Root
The square root of x is y
The third root of ..
The fourth root of.

Example:
a. The square root of sixty-four is eight
b. The third root of eight is two
Exercise 30
Answer these questions
1. What is the root of forty-nine?
..
2. What is the third root of a hundred and twenty-five?
.
3. Is the square root of two thousand and twenty-five forty-five?

4. What is the root of four thousand, two hundred and twenty-five?

Pangkat/Power
The second power of
X raised to the second power ..
Example:
a. The second power of five is twenty-five
b. Five raised to the third power is a hundred and twenty-five
Exercise 31
Answer these questions
1. What is the second power of twenty-five?

2. What is five raised to the second power?

..
3. Is the fifth power of two - twenty five?

4. What is the result of nine raised to the third power?

.
5. Is seventy-five raised to the second power - five thousand, six hundred and
twenty-five?
..
Writing Letters

The only type of writing that most people will engage in is letter writing. You will
almost certainly write letters to parents, friends, and acquaintances, and you may have to
write letters in connection with your job. Occasionally, you may feel compelled to write a
letter to the editor of a newspaper or magazine, and sometimes you write formal letter to
institutions or officials for such purposes as applying for a job, requesting information or
service. Although you do not have to be much concerned about the form when you are
writing a letter to intimate friends, you are expected to observe certain conventions of
form and etiquette in business or official letter.
Here is a list of conventions for the business or official letter:
a. It is usually written on unlined white paper or on paper with a printed letter head.
b. It is usually typed or printed.
c. It usually uses salutation, such as Dear Sir, Dear Madam.
d. It usually uses complementary close, such as sincerely yours, or faithfully yours.
e. Salutation and complementary close are followed by comma.
f. A professional or academic tittles, such as Dr, Drs, MA or Ph.D can be used in
addressee or salutation, but it is very rare to be used in complementary close.
g. Official capacity, such as director, manager, etc. can be used in complementary close
and placed under the typed name of the sender.
h. Mr. and Mrs can be used in salutation but must be followed by the last or family name.

According to the style, there are 3 styles in letter writing: block style, full block style, and
semi-block style. The differences between them are as follows:
1. Block Style
a. The position of the addresser is on the top right corner of the paper
b. The position of the addressee is on the left-hand side of the paper under/after the
addresser
c. The body of the letter begins at the left-hand margin and the beginning of every
paragraph is not indented (without indentation), but between one paragraph and
another paragraph has larger space than the space used in the paragraph.
d. The salutation, sender, and official capacity are placed on the right in line vertically
with addresser.
e. The words encl. (enclosure) and CC (carbon copy) are placed at the left-hand
margin
Example:
Jayapura, february 20, 2005
Maju Reserch Center
Ahmad Yani Street
Jayapura, 99351
Dr. Yono Sinaga
Technical Director
Sandi Industrial Exchange
P.O. Box 80975
Surabaya
Dear Dr. Sinaga,
I have located information concerning the right machine which I think you will
find beneficial in the preparation of your proposal. Enclosed are photocopies of the
plans, implementation and costs of the A-5 model.
When you have had sufficient time to consider these facts, please submit your
opinion of the said product. My company is eager to have your advice on the
feasibility of this project.
Sincerely yours,
Ccicilia Winata
Product Supervisor
Encl.
CC: Business manager

2. Full Block Style

a. All things such as date, addresser, addressee, salutation, body of letter,
complementary close, senders name and encl/CC are put along left-hand margin.
b. Like block style, the beginning of every paragraph is without indentation.
Example:

Jayapura, february 20, 2005

Maju Reserch Center
Ahmad Yani Street
Jayapura, 99351
Dr. Yono Sinaga
Technical Director
Sandi Industrial Exchange
P.O. Box 80975
Surabaya
Dear Dr. Sinaga,
I have located information concerning the right machine which I think you will find
beneficial in the preparation of your proposal. Enclosed are photocopies of the
plans, implementation and costs of the A-5 model.
When you have had sufficient time to consider these facts, please submit your
opinion of the said product. My company is eager to have your advice on the
feasibility of this project.
Sincerely yours,
Ccicilia Winata
Product Supervisor
Encl.
CC: Business manager

3. Semi-block Style
a. The addresser, date, complementary close, senders name are placed on the righthand side of the paper.
b. The addressee, body of the letter, encl., CC, are placed on the left-hand margin
c. The beginning of every paragraph is indented.
Example:

Jayapura, February 20, 2005

24 Ahmad Yani Street
Abepura
Jayapura 99351
Dr. Yono Sinaga
Managing Director
PT. Freeport Indonesia
Timika Tembagapura
Dear Sir,
I read your advertisement in the Jakarta Post in which you mention opening a job
vacancy for the branch office in Jayapura. With ten years experiences working at
several companies I feel that I am qualified for the position you offer.
Although my present job offers good working conditions and adequate benefits, I
would like to make a change in my employment in the near future that I will
incorporate new challenges as well as opportunities for advancement.
I request an interview at your earliest convenience and I enclose my curriculum
vitae.
Sincerely yours,

Elisa Torn Berry

Glossary:
heading: kepala/kop surat
addresser: alamat pengirim
addressee: alamat tujuan
salutation: salam pembuka
complementary close: salam penutup
indentation: indentasi (awal paragraph sedikit ke dalam beberapa spasi)
encl.: (singkatan dari enclosure
CC: (singkatan dari Carbon Copy): tembusan
Signature: tanda tangan