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Otto
Diesel
Dual
Stirling
Ericsson
Brayton
Mquinas reciprocantes
Mquinas reciprocantes 2
Algunas definiciones:
max
r
min
Vmin
Vmax
wneto
Wneto
PME
Admisin
Compresin
Expansin
Escape
Purchase costs: In general, four stroke motors cost about 25% more upfront to
purchase than two stroke engines.
Operating costs: Four stroke motors are more fuel efficient than two stroke
engines, so fuel costs are lower. Over time, the savings in fuel expenses may
compensate for the higher purchase cost of the four stroke engines.
Maintenance costs: For basic maintenance, four stroke engines use fewer
spark plugs than two strokes but need periodic checking of crankcase oil level,
and regular oil and filter changes. For larger repair issues, four stroke repairs are
generally more expensive and involved than for two stroke engines, simply
because there are more components in a four stroke engine.
Ciclo Otto
Cuatro procesos
internamente
reversibles:
1-2: Compresin
isentrpica
2-3: Adicin de calor a
volumen constante
3-4: Expansin
isentrpica
4-1: Rechazo de calor
a volumen constante
Eficiencia trmica
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
10
Relacin de compresin
12
14
Eficiencia
trm ica
k=1.4
0.5
k=1.3
k=1.667
0
0
10
12
14