CAPITOLUL 1
INTRODUCERE. ISTORIC. ORIENTARI ACTUALE
1. INTRODUCERE IN PSIHIATRIE
Psihiatria cunoaste in ultimele decenii o schimbare profunda i con-
inwa atit datorité progreselor terapeutice, cit si frecventei crescinde
‘a bolilor mintale. Aceste fapte confer psihiatriei un loc important in
rindul stiinfelor medicale, in practica si teoria medicinei contemporane.
e In traducere etimologicd cuvintul psihiatrie inseamnai tratamentul
{vindecarea) sufletului (psyche = suflet; iatrea = vindecare). Acest
termen totusi nu exprima fidel continutul psihiatriei ca ramura a stiin-
4elor medicale, in epoca moderna, deoarece este greu s& mai presupun&
_ cineva azi c& pot exista boli psihice ,,sine materia‘, facindu-se astfel
- ecoul unor ipoteze vechi idealiste sau dualiste. Chiar dacd in multe
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