Analytic Vs Numeric

Ground Water Models

Ray R. Bennett, PE
Colorado Division of Water
Resources

Example Analytic (Glover)

Application

Analytic (Glover)
Depletion

(q) is a function of:

Pumping (Q)
Transmissitivity (T)
Specific Yield (Sy)
Distance from well to river (x)
Distance to Aquifer Boundary (w)
Data

is assigned by Aquifer (1 value)

RELATIVELY SIMPLE

Analytical (Glover)
Key Assumptions
Conductivity

(K) is Constant
Uniform Aquifer Thickness
Transmissitivity is Constant
Flat

Water Table
Stream is Fully Penetrating

Analytical (Glover) Results

Response from Pumping in Month 1 Only

URF 6400511
20
Volume of Depletion from AWAS

Volume of Depletion (%)

18

Adjusted to 100% (URF)

16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

10

15

20
Month

25

30

35

40

Example Numeric Model

Numerical (Modflow) Model

Depletion is still a function of:

Pumping (Q)
Hydraulic Conductivity (K)
Aquifer Thickness (b)
Specific Yield (Sy) or Storage Coefficient (S)
Distance from well to river (x)
Distance to Boundary (w)

Data is assigned by Model Cell (1,000s)

Might include complex geometry, multiple layers,
boundary conditions, partially penetrating
streams, ET from GW, subirrigation, impact on
canals, .
LOTS of WORK

Numerical (Modflow) Results

Stream Depletion
By stream Reach (not a point)

Water Levels
Ground Water Balance
Stream Water Balance

URF 6400511

20
Volume of Depletion from AWAS

Volume of Depletion (%)

18

Adjusted to 100% (URF)

16
14
12
10
8
6

Phreatophyte CU
Subirrigation
Complex Geology (faulting)
Complex Boundaries
Multiple, Layered Aquifers
4
2
0

10

15

20
Month

25

30

35

40

Comparison Summary
Item Analytical Numerical
Stream Depletion
Yes
Yes
Assumptions
High Low-High
Water Levels
No
Yes
Complex Geology
No
Yes
Dry Stream
No
Yes
Multiple Aquifers
No
Yes
Effort
Low Med-High

South Platte DSS

N
or

th

Pl
at
te

Division 1 except Republican (WD 65) and North Platte (WD 47)

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t
u
o
S

te
t
a
Pl

pu
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R

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Colorado Water Conservation Board and Division of Water Resources

SPDSS
Major Components
Data

- Tabular and Maps

New Data - Irrigated Lands,
stream gages, aquifer data, and
observation wells
Tools CU, SW, GW
User Involvement
Documentation & Product
Distribution

DSS Components

dmis

CU Model

HydroBase
HydroBase
dmis

dm
is

Groundwater
Planning
Model

Water Rights
Admin

TSTools
dm
is

dm
is

dmis

Other User
Components

Surface Water
Planning
Model

dmis

Field and
Historical Data

dm
is

Water Budget
Model

= DSS Integration Component

Tabular Data

Stations
Streamflow
Climate (temp,
ppt., evap.)

Structures
Diversions
Reservoirs
Instream Flows

Water Rights
Transaction
Net

Ground Water
Water Levels
Pumping Tests

Calls
Tributary
Mainstem

Other
Agricultural
Statistics
Crop Growth
Coefficients

Tabular Data
Internet (WWW)

Spatial (Map) Data

Basemap
Hydrology
Roads
Cities and Towns
Public Land Survey
(T-R-S)

Stations
Diversions
Reservoirs
Instream Flows
Climate

Irrigated Acreage
Water Source
Crop Type
Irrigation Method

Other
Average
precipitation
Average
evaporation
Canals
Drains

Spatial Data
Irrigated Acreage Mapping

Irrigated Area,
Crop Type,
Irrigation Method,
Water Supply

Consumptive Use
StateCU

Irrigated
Acreage
and Crop
Type

Soil
Data

Climate Data
90

80

PCU for Alfalfa at the Fort Collins Climate Station

0.8
Potential Consumptive Use (feet)

70

60

50

40

30

20

0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0

10

Jan

CROP_TYPE
Alfalfa
Corn
Alfalfa
Corn
Corn
Small Grains
Alfalfa
Alfalfa
Small Grains
Alfalfa

IRRIGATION ACREAGE PERIMETER

Sprinkler
131.832
2610.943
Flood
135.253
2650.783
Sprinkler
124.643
3103.069
Sprinkler
123.794
2532.175
Flood
133.197
2619.833
135.335
2649.933
Sprinkler
Flood
134.877
2637.105
Flood
134.181
2637.852
Flood
125.197
2542.805
Sprinkler
122.907
2521.061

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

ASCE Standardized

0
1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

PARCEL
10101
10102
10103
10104
10105
10106
10107
10108
10109
10110

Locally Calibrated
Blaney-Criddle Crop
Coefficients
Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Modified Blaney-Criddle,TR-21 Coeff.

Surface Water Supply Data

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

Bridge on County Road 56 over the Larimer County Canal

2000

99

01

00
20

19

20

96

95

97

94

93

92

91

90

89

88

87

98
19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

84

85

83

82

81

80

86
19

19

19

19

19

19

19

78

77

79
19

19

76

19

Ditch Efficiencies

19

Irrigation Method

StateCU Typical Results

CU by Water Supply (SW and GW)
Figure 5

Surface Water Year

20

05

00

20

95

19

90
19

85

19

80

19

75

19

70
19

65

19

60

19

55
19

50

1,000,000
900,000
800,000
700,000
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
19

CU (Ac-Ft)

Phase 5 CU by Water Supply

Ground Water

StateMod
Colorados Water Resources Planning Model

Ray Bennett, Colorado Division of Water Resources

StateMod Major Features

Network System
Monthly or Daily Time Step
Prior Appropriation Doctrine
Structure Types
Diversions, Reservoirs,
Instream Flows, Wells &
Plans
Operational Rules
Complex water operations
Graphical User Interface

StateMod Features (cont.....)

Creates Base or Natural Flows
Efficient Solution Method
Direct Solution Algorithm
Modified Direct Solution Algorithm
Variable Efficiency
Soil Moisture Accounting
Plan Accounting
Call Reporting

StateMod Typical Results

Compact Delivery Vs Compact Call
12000

11500

Yield (Kaf/yr)

11000

10500

10000

9500

9000
1/1/1850

1/1/1930

1/1/1950

1/1/1960

Compact Call Date

1/1/1970

1/1/1995

Colorados Ground Water Model

Modflow (USGS)

Alluvial
Aquifer

Modflow Features
Geology
Aquifer Parameters
Pumping
Recharge
Boundary Conditions
Streamflows and Diversions
Springs
Drains
Evapotranspiration
Subirrigation

Modflow Typical Results

Proposed Pumping Impact

More about SPDSS

Web Site
http://cdss.state.co.us

DWR
Ray Bennett (303) 866 - 3585
ray.bennett@state.co.us

CWCB
Ray Alvarado (303) 866 - 3517
ray.alvarado@state.co.us