Modelling and Simulation of Marine Power and Propulsion Systems

9.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Adnanes, A. K., 2003. Maritime Electrical Installations and Diesel Electric Propulsion. ABB AS, p.
86.
B&W, M., 2011. Diesel-Electric Drives. Diesel-Electic Propulsion Plants, pp. 3-20.
Bishop, R. H., 2007. LavVIEW 8 Student Edition. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Bishop, R. H., 2009. LabVIEW 2009 Student Edition. s.l.:National Instruments.
Buckingham, J., 2010. Fast Performance Modellling of Marine Power and Propulsion Systems. BMT

Defence Services, pp. 1-12.

Carlton, J., 2007. Marine Propellers and Propulsion. Second ed. Massachusetts, USA: ButterworthHeinemann.
Ertugrul, N., 2002. LabVIEW for electric circuits, machines, drives, and laboratories. s.l.:Pearson
Prentice Hall.
Furness, P., 2010. Hydrostatics. Launceston: AMC.
Hansen, J. F., Adnanes, A. K. & Fossen, T. I., 2001. Mathematical Modelling of Diesel-Electric
Propulsion Systems for Marine Vessels. Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical

Systems, p. 32.
Holtrop, J., 1984. A Statistical Re-analysis of Resistance and Propulsion Data. International

Shipbuilding Progress, p. 11.

Holtrop, J., 1988. A Statistical Resistance Prediction Method with a Speed Dependent Form Factor.

SMSSH88, p. 7.
Holtrop, J. & Mennen, G., 1982. An Approximate Power Prediction Method. International

Shipbuilding Progress, p. 5.
Hung, N., 2010. Marine Instrumentation and Control Engineering. s.l.:AMC.

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Lahtiharju, E., Karppinen, T., Hellevaara, M. & Aitta, T., 1991. Resistance and Seakeeping
Characteristics of Fast Transom Stern Hulls with Systematically Varied Form. SNAME

Transactions, Vol. 99, pp. 85-118.

Lawerence, N., 2011. Maritime Engineering Design. Launceston: AMC.
Lewis, E. V., 1988. Principles of naval architecture Vol. 1 - Stability and strength. Jersey City, NJ:
The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers.
Lewis, E. V., 1988. Principles of naval architecture Vol. 2 - Resistance, Propulsion and Vibration.
Jersey City, NJ: The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers.
Stapersma, D. & Woud, H. K., 2002. Design of Propulsion and Electric Power Generation Systems.
s.l.:Imarest.
Wildi, T., 2006. Electrical Machines, Drives and Power System. s.l.:Pearson Prentice Hall.

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10.0 APPENDICIES
10.1 APPENDIX A

Figure 10-1: R/V G.O. Sars specifications

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Figure 10-2: R/V G.O. Sars general layout drawing

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Figure 10-3: SV290 specifications

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10.2 APPENDIX B

Figure 10-4: Block diagram of limitations check VI

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Figure 10-5: Block diagram of Holtrop Resistance Prediction Algorithm VI

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Figure 10-6: Block diagram of Lahtiharju Resistance Prediction Algorithm VI

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10.3 APPENDIX C
Step 1 - Limitations Check
Holtrop 1984/1988
This program implements the statistical ship power estimation method presented by Holtrop
(1984/1988). This model is based upon hydrodynamic theory with coefficients obtained from the
regression analysis of the results of 334 ship model tests conducted at MARIN. The user should
usually consult these papers prior to using the program. An explicit air drag estimate has been
added. The range of applicability of this estimation method is stated to be the following:
0.55
3.90
2.10
0.05

Cp 0.85
L/B 14.9
B/T 4.00
Fn 1.00

Lahtiharju 1991
Lahtiharju is a reliable resistance prediction method which is used to predict the resistance of a
planning hull. Extensive systematic resistance tests were carried out with all models, including
typical hard chine planning hull form. Resistance prediction equations were developed by using
regression analysis, which was based on parameters and resistance data if some older systematic
series, the new series and suitable models from the records. The range of applicability of this
estimation method is stated to be the following:
4.49
2.73
3.75
0.43

L/1/3 6.81
L/B 5.43
B/T 7.54
AT/AX 0.995

Figure 10-7: Inputs for limitations check VI

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The input to software is through a series of eight inputs within the menu Vessel Operating Profile
as follows:
1) Length on Waterline, LWL (m)
2) Breath moulded, B (m)
3) Displacement volume moulded, (m3)
4) Draught, T (m)
5) Midship section coefficient, CM
6) Transom area, AT (m2)
7) Maximum section area, AX (m2)
8) Max ship speed, VS (knots)

Figure 10-8: Limitations check front panel

The green Boolean will represent the applicability of each limitation in either Holtrop or Lahtiharju.
To use a specific resistance prediction algorithm, users need all four Boolean to be green before they
can run the specific algorithm.

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Step 2 - Holtrop Resistance Prediction Algorithm

Figure 10-9: Inputs for Holtrop Resistance Prediction Algorithm VI

The input to software is through a series of eighteen inputs within the menu Vessel Operating
Profile as follows:
1) Length on waterline, LWL (m)
2) Length between perpendiculars, LPP (m)
3) Breadth moulded, B (m)
4) Draught moulded on F.P, TF (m)
5) Draught moulded on A.P, TA (m)
6) Displacement volume moulded, (m3)
7) Longitudinal centre of buoyancy, lcb (% aft of 0.5 LPP)
8) Transverse bulb area, ABT (m2)
9) Centre of bulb area above keel line, hB (m)
10) Midship section coefficient, CM
11) Waterplane coefficient, CWP
12) Transom area, AT (m2)
13) Wetted area appendages, SAPP (m2)
14) Stern shape parameter, CStern (Figure 2-6)
15) 1+k2 (Table 2-2)
16) Propeller efficiency, D (%)
17) Fuel available onboard, F (tonne)
18) Ship speed, VS (knots)

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After inputting, run the software by pressing this button

resistance will be calculated:

on the top left of the screen. The

Figure 10-10: Predicted results for resistance

If Lahtiharju passed the limitations check, either run Holtrop or Lahtiharju resistance prediction
algorithm in the project folder.

Step 3 Inputting DEP electrical efficiencies

Figure 10-11: Predicted results for power in DEP

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The input to software is through a series of nine inputs is as follows:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)

Generator efficiency
Switchboard efficiency
Transformer efficiency
Frequency converter efficiency
Electric motor efficiency
Propeller shaft efficiency
Number of Generators
Number of Electrical motors
Number of Propellers

After inputting, run the software by pressing this button

on the top left of the screen. The total
generator power required, required power per generator, required power per electrical motor and
power per propeller shaft will be calculated out. The power flow through components of DEP will
also be shown.

Step 4 Generators selection

Run the VI from the project explorer. The VI will prompt users for a excel file. Select the Diesel
Generators.xls and a list of diesel generators will pop up from the database. Select the generators
based on the power loads required for the diesel generators. After which, users can compare two sets
of generators by inputting in the specific fuel consumption of the selected generators.

Step 5 Inputting the SFC of diesel generators

Figure 10-12: Inputs for generators comparison

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After inputting the specific fuel consumption (g/kWh) from the database, the software will analysis
the mass flow rate of fuel, fuel consumption per mile, range and endurance of the two selected diesel
generators.

Step 6 Plots

Figure 10-13: Write to Spreadsheet Boolean

From the Holtrop resistance prediction algorithm VI, data will be written to excel file. It is as
follows:
Column 1 Ship speed, VS (knots)
Column 2 Resistance, R (kN)
Column 3 Effective power, PE (kW)
Column 4 Endurance (days)
Column 5 Range (miles)
Column 6 Fuel consumption per mile (ton/mile)
Column 7 Endurance (days)
Column 8 Range (miles)
Column 9 Fuel consumption per mile (ton/mile)

Generator 1

Generator 2

The excel data could be used for further analysis in excel. In the plots VI, link the file path to where
the excel file was being created and run the VI.

Figure 10-14: Read from Spreadsheet Boolean

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The plots for the resistance curve and effective power are as shown:

Figure 10-15: Plots for resistance curve and effective power

The comparison for the fuel consumption per mile, range and endurance between two selected
generators are as shown:

Figure 10-16: Plots for fuel consumption, range and endurance

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