Unit I

Processes and threads:

Introduction to operating systems:

1.0 What is an operating system?

• A program that acts as an intermediacy between a user of a computer and computer
hardware

Operating system goal:

• Execute user programs and map solving user problems easier
• Make the computer system convenient to use
• Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner

1.1 Computer system components:

• Hardwareprovides basic computer recourses(cpu,monitor,i/o devices)
• Operating Systemcontrols and co-ordinates the use of the hardware among
various application programs for the various user
• Application ProgramDefines the ways in which the system resources are used to
solve computing problems of the user
• Pepole the user or other computers

1.2 Operating System Definitions (System views)

• Resource Allocatermange’s and allocate resources
• Control Programcontrol the execution of the programs and operations of input and
output devices
• KernelThe one program that running at all times call on the computer

2.0 Mainframe Computers:

• Mainframe computer systems were the first computers used to tackle many
commercial and scientific application
• Reduce the step timing by batching similar jobs
• Automatic job sequences automatically transfer one control to another
• First rudimentary(basic/simple)operating system
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