VANET Modeling and Clustering Design Under Practical

Traffic, Channel and Mobility Conditions

ABSTRACT:
In Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), vehicles driving along highways can be
grouped into clusters to facilitate communication. The design of the clusters, e.g.,
size and geographical span, has significant impacts on communication quality.
Such design is affected by the Media Access Control (MAC) operations at the Data
Link layer, the wireless channel conditions at the Physical layer, and the mobility
of the vehicles. Previous works investigated these effects separately. In this paper,
we present a comprehensive analysis that integrates the three important factors into
one model. In particular, we model an unsaturated VANET cluster with a Markov
chain by introducing an idle state. The wireless channel fading and vehicle
mobility are integrated by explicitly deriving the joint distribution of inter-vehicle
distances. Closed-form expressions of network performance measures, such as
packet loss probability and system throughput, are derived. Our model, validated
by extensive simulations, is able to accurately characterize VANET performance.
Our analysis reveals intrinsic dependencies between cluster size, vehicle speed,
traffic demand, and window size, as well as their impacts on the overall throughput
and packet loss of the cluster. Performance evaluation results demonstrate the

practical value of the proposed model in providing guidelines for VANET design
and management.

EXISTING SYSTEM:
In empirical path loss models were developed in four different vehicle-to-vehicle
environments, i.e., highway, rural, urban and suburban. In analysis of onedimensional, an analytical model was proposed to investigate the connectivity of
VANETs in the presence of Rayleigh, Rician and Weibull channels, from a queuing
theoretic perspective. In one-hop broadcasting, analytical models were developed
for broadcast efficiency and reliability in 802.11p for Rayleigh fading channels. In
evaluation information propagation, the connectivity of information propagation
was studied, focusing on packet loss rate, packet transmission distance and
effective coverage range of road-side stations.

DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM:

Not always true in mobile vehicular environments
Unable to provide complete evaluation

PROPOSED SYSTEM:
In this paper, we propose a comprehensive analytical model for VANET that
incorporates MAC protocol operations, PHY layer wireless channel conditions,
and the moving pattern of the vehicles. In doing so, the practical performance of a
VANET cluster can be fully characterized. Specifically, we characterize the
broadcast protocol of the MAC layer with a Markov chain, and design an idle state
to capture unsaturated traffic conditions in practical VANETs. We also capture the
influence of PHY layer fading channels in the model by deriving the joint
distribution of the distance between every member vehicle and the CH. The
mobility of the vehicles, to be specific, the speed and inter-vehicle distances, is
reflected in the joint distance distribution. Calculating the important performance
metrics of a VANET, such as packet loss and throughput, requires integrating the
derived joint distance distributions, which makes closed-form expressions
intractable.

ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM:

It can provide complete evaluation
Increasing the throughput

 Reduce the delay

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE:

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Comprehensive Analytical Model

Performance Analysis

Cluster Design

Integrate the models

MAC protocol operations

PHY layer wireless model
Moving pattern

Derived closed form expressions

Find average packet probability

Compute throughput

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
System

Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.

Hard Disk

40 GB.

Floppy Drive

1.44 Mb.

Monitor

15 VGA Colour.

Mouse

Logitech.

Ram

512 Mb.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Operating system :

Windows XP/7/LINUX.

Implementation

NS2

NS2 Version:

NS2.2.28

Front End

OTCL

(Object

Oriented

Tool

Command

Language)
Tool

Cygwin (To simulate in Windows OS)

REFERENCE:
Huixian Wang, Ren Ping Liu, Senior Member, IEEE, Wei Ni, Senior Member,
IEEE, Wei Chen, and Iain B. Collings, Fellow, IEEE, VANET Modeling and
Clustering Design Under Practical Traffic, Channel and Mobility Conditions,
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 63, NO. 3, MARCH
2015.