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10 1 1 300 6194
10 1 1 300 6194
2013
1. INTRODUCTION
Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water
supply is fundamentally needed of all people. Without
potable or fresh water, there is no human life.
Industries and agricultural need fresh water without
which they cannot function or thrive. Water is
therefore, the key to mans prosperity; it is intimately
associated with the evolution of civilization from
rivers, lakes and ponds in plenty are becoming scarce
because of industrialization and population explosion.
2. SOLAR DISTILLATION
2.1. About Distillation
The solar distillation method is an easy, small-scale
and cost effective technique for providing safe water
at homes or in small communities. Distillation is one
of many processes that can be used for water
purification. This requires an energy input as heat and
the solar radiation can be the source of energy. In this
process, water is evaporated, thus, separating water
vapor from dissolved matter. The vapors get
condensed as pure water. A conceptual diagram
showing the process of solar still is shown in Figure
1. Most of the conventional water distillation plants
discussed earlier are energy-intensive and require
scarce electric power or fossil fuel for operation. But
solar energy, despite being much lower grade energy,
is ideally suited. The technology involved in
distillation of saline or brackish water using solar
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IJRREST: International Journal of Research Review in Engineering Science and Technology (ISSN 2278- 6643) | Volume-2 Issue-1, March 2013
multi-use environment, greenhouse and, multisource, multi-use environment heat pipe are
integrated with the solar still to increase the
temperature of the solar still water. Higher energy
may be required to increase the temperature of the
entire solar still water. The evaporation rate is
proportional with the temperature of the free surface
area of the water only. So, baffle suspended absorber
plates are used to increase the free surface area of the
water.
factors influencing the productivity of a multipleeffect diffusion-type solar still coupled with a flat
plate collector and the effect of inclination of external
flat plate collector of basin type still in winter were
studied by Tanaka and Nakatake (2005, 2007)
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Glass Angle
Depth of Water
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Other Methods
2.4.7.1 Reflectors
2.4.7.2 Condenser
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2.4.7.3.2 Gravel
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3. SUMMARY
The orientation of glass cover is very important for
increase in productivity. Hence, north latitude places
south facing glass cover should be used and south
IJRREST: International Journal of Research Review in Engineering Science and Technology (ISSN 2278- 6643) | Volume-2 Issue-1, March 2013
4. REFERENCES
[1] Safwat, M. Abdelkader, A. Abdelmotalip, A.A.
Mabrouk, 2000, Parameters affecting solar still
productivity, Energy Convers. Manag. 41, pp.
17911809.
[2] A.A. Badran, A.A. Al-hallaq, I.A. Eyal Salman,
M.Z. Odat, 2005, A solar still augmented with a
flat-plate collector, Desalination 172, pp. 227
234.
[3] A.A. El-Sebaii, 2004, Effect of wind speed on
active and passive solar stills, Energy Convers.
Manag. 45, pp. 11871204.
[4] A.A. El-Sebaii, S. Aboul-Enein, M.R.I.
Ramadan, E. El-Bialy, 2000, Single basin solar
still with baffle suspended absorber, Energy
Convers. Manag. 41, pp. 661675.
[5] A.A. El-Sebaii, S. Aboul-Enein, M.R.I.
Ramadan, E. El-Bialy, 2000, Year-round
performance of a modified single-basin solar still
with mica plate as a suspended absorber, Energy
25, pp. 3549.
[6] A.K. Tiwari, G.N. Tiwari, 2007, Annual
performance analysis and thermal modeling of
passive solar still for different inclination of
condensing cover, IJER 31 (14), pp. 13581382.
[7] Abdallah S, Abu-Khader M M and Badran O,
2009, Effect of various absorbing materials on
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