HEALTH

INTERVENTION

HEALTH INTERVENTION

I.

FIRST AID
Immediate and temporary proper aid
provided to a sick or injured person or
animal until medical treatment can be
provided

HEALTH INTERVENTION

I.

FIRST AID
Consists of series of simple, lifesaving medical techniques that a
non-doctor or lay person can be
trained to perform with minimal
equipment

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
HISTORY
Knights Hospitaller

First to specialize in battlefield care

for the wounded
St. John Ambulance

Formed in 1877 to teach first aid

(a term devised by the order) in
large railway centres and mining
districts
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
HISTORY
The order and its training began to
spread throughout the British Empire
and Europe
In 1859, Henry Dunant helped
organize villagers in Switzerland to
help victims of the Battle of Solferino
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HEALTH INTERVENTION

FIRST AID
HISTORY
Four years later, four nations met in
Geneva and formed the organization
which has grown into the Red Cross
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
HISTORY
Developments in first aid and many
other medical techniques have been
fueled in large by wars

American Civil War prompted Clara

Barton to organize the American
Red Cross
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
HISTORY
Today, several groups promote first
aid

Military

Scouting movement
New techniques and equipment have
helped make today's first aid simple
and effective
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HEALTH INTERVENTION

FIRST AID
TRAINING
Requires hands-on training by experts
to perform first aid safely
More useful if it occurs before an
actual emergency
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
TRAINING
Proper emergency preparedness is
achieved only with regular and up-todate refresher courses and
recertifications

CPR
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Contents of First Aid kit

References/Instruments/Misc:
1 - 40 Page First Aid Guide booklet
10 - Cotton tipped applicators
4 - Exam quality vinyl gloves
2 - One time use Thermometers
2 - Medium safety pins
1 - Scissors
1 - Tweezers
Topicals/Antiseptics:
14 - Alcohol cleansing pads
12 - Antiseptic cleansing wipes
5 - Antibiotic ointment packs
3 - Insect sting relief pads
3 - Castile soap towelettes
2 - First aid/burn cream packs
1 - Burn relief pack

 Medicine :

6 - Extra-strength non-aspirin (tablets)

6 - Aspirin (tablets)
4 - Ibuprofen (tablets)
Bandages:
50 - Adhesive plastic bandages 3/4" x 3"
20 - Junior adhesive plastic bandages 3/8" x 1-1/2"
3 - Fingertip fabric bandages
3 - Knuckle fabric bandages
3 - Elbow & knee plastic bandages 2" x 4"
1 - Triangular sling bandage
1 - Non-stick pads 2"x3"

 Injury/Treatment

5 - Butterfly wound closures

2 - Premium grade moleskin 2" x 2"
1 - Finger splint 6" x 3/4"
1 - Instant cold compress 4" x 5"
1 - 1/2" x 5 yd. First aid tape roll
Dressings :
6 - Gauze dressing pads 2" x 2"
2 - Gauze dressing pads 3" x 3"
2 - Gauze dressing pads 4" x 4"
1 - Trauma pads 5" x 9"
1 - 2" x 4.1 yd. Conforming gauze roll bandages
2 - Sterile eye pads
2 - Non-stick pads 2"x3"
10 - Cotton tipped applicators

First Aid Kit

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Altitude sickness

Can begin in susceptible people at

altitudes as low as 5,000 feet

Can cause potentially fatal swelling

of the brain or lungs
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Anaphylaxis

Life-threatening condition in which

the airway can become constricted
and the patient may go into shock
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Anaphylaxis

Reaction can be caused by a

systemic allergic reaction to
allergens such as insect bites or
peanuts

Initially treated with injection of

epinephrine
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Battlefield first aid

After the 9-11 terrorist attack, this

protocol refers to treating shrapnel,
gunshot wounds, burns, bone
fractures, etc. as seen either in the
battlefield or in the affected area
resulting from a terrorist attack
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HEALTH INTERVENTION

FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Bone fracture

Break in a bone initially treated by

stabilizing the fracture with a splint
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID

I.

CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE

FIRST AID

Burns
Can result in damage
to tissues and
loss of body fluids
through the burn
site

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Choking

Blockage of the airway

Can quickly result in death due to

lack of oxygen if the patient's
trachea is not cleared
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Heimlich maneuver

Heimlich manuever

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Childbirth
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HEALTH INTERVENTION

Cramps in muscles

Due to lactic acid

buildup caused
either by inadequate
oxygenation
of muscle or lack of
water or salt

HEALTH INTERVENTION

FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Diving disorders resulting from too
much pressure
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Gastrointestinal bleeding
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
Gender specific conditions

Dysmenorrhea

Testicular torsion
I.

the testicle, normally attached to the

scrotum by a small ligament at its
base, becomes loose. The testicle
can then twist on itself, cutting off its
flow of blood. Surgery is usually
required, and it should be performed
within about 5 hours from the onset
of symptoms to save the testicle.

HEALTH INTERVENTION
I.

FIRST AID

Heart attack, or inadequate

blood flow to the blood
vessels supplying the
heart muscle

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Heat stroke ( type of heat
emergencies)
I.

Sunstroke or hyperthermia
Can occur during heavy exercise in
high humidity, or with inadequate
water ( heat exhaustion), Lost of salt (
heat cramps)
May occur spontaneously in some
chronically ill persons

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Heat stroke

Unconsciousness for more than two

hours usually leads to permanent
disability

Emergency treatment involves rapid

cooling of the patient
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
Hemorrhage

Heavy bleeding

Treated by applying pressure

(manually and later with a pressure
bandage) to the wound site and
elevating the limb if possible
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Hyperglycemia

Diabetic coma
Hypoglycemia

Insulin shock
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Hypothermia

When a person's core body

temperature falls below 33.7C
(92.6F)

First aid for a mildly hypothermic

patient includes rewarming
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HEALTH INTERVENTION

FIRST AID
Hypothermia

Rewarming a severely hypothermic

person could result in a fatal
arrhythmia
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Insect and animal bites and stings
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
I.

FIRST AID
Muscle strain
A muscle strain is the stretching
or tearing of muscle fibers. A
muscle strain can be caused by
sports, exercise, a sudden
movement, or trying to lift
something that is too heavy
Symptoms of a muscle strain
include
pain,
tightness,
swelling, tenderness, and the
inability to move the muscle
very well.

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Poisoning

Injection

Inhalation

Absorption

Ingestion
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Sprain

Temporary dislocation of a joint that

immediately reduces automatically
but may result in ligament damage
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Stroke

Temporary loss of blood supply to

the brain
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Sucking chest wound

Life threatening hole in the chest

which can cause the chest cavity
to fill with air and prevent the lung
from filling

Treated by covering with an

occlusive dressing to let air out but
not in
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Toothache

Can result in severe pain and loss

of the tooth

Rarely life threatening

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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
CONDITIONS THAT OFTEN REQUIRE
FIRST AID
Wound and bleeding

Laceration

Incision

Abrasion

Avulsion
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
PROVIDING FIRST AID
Emergency action principles
Emergency medical service
Rescue squad
First aid kit
Emergency Team
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HEALTH INTERVENTION
I.

FIRST AID
Artificial respiration
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Occlusive dressing
Oxygen first aid
Triage
Tourniquet
Sub-abdominal thrusts/ heimlich
manuever

 Tourniquet

O2 first aid

CPR

Artificial Respiration
Rescue Breathing
Procedure of causing air to flow into and

out of lungs of person when his natural

breathing ceased or inadequate
Methods:

Mouth to mouth, Mouth to nose

Respiratory Arrest
Cardiac Arrest

HEALTH INTERVENTION
FIRST AID
TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES OF
FIRST AID
Triage

French word used in first aid and

medical contexts

Sorting and classification of casualties,

and the establishment of treatment
priorities

Mass casualty situation, such as an

earthquake or bus accident
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