Pakistan Rich in Natural Resources But Poor in

their Management
Pakistan is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of natural resources
Outline
1- Introduction
2- Natural Resources and their management
3- Richness / abundance of natural resources in Pakistan
4- Pakistan's natural resources and their mismanagement
a) Energy resources
i- Nonrenewable energy resources
a. Oil and Gas reserves
b. Coal reserves
ii- Renewable energy resources
a. Wind and solar power
b. Hydropower
b) Agricultural resources
i- Irrigation Network
ii- Fertile Land
iii- Variety of Crops
iv- Animal Husbandry
v- Fishing
c) Mineral Ore Resources
i. Copper and gold resources.
ii. Salt mines and other minerals
d) Human resources
i. Sixth Largest Population in the World
ii. Youth comprising major chuck
5- Factors leading to poor management / Governance
a) Political instability/ rivalry,
b) Lack of vision and planning,
c) Flawed policies,
d) Bureaucratic bottlenecks and corruption,
e) Worsened Law and order situation,
6- Implications of mismanagement of natural resources
7- Way forward
8- Conclusion

TERRORISM THE BIGGEST THREAT TO PAKISTAN

Pakistan Faces Various Forms of Terrorism
1. Introduction
2. History of Terrorism in Pakistan: An Overview
3. Pakistan Faces Various Forms of Terrorism
a. Ethnic / Sectarian
b. Nationalist / Separatist
c. Jihadi / Islamist
4. Causes of Terrorism in Pakistan
a. Augmenting Illiteracy
b. Increasing Social Injustice
c. Swelling Poverty
d. Derailing Democracy
e. Heightening Religious Intolerance
f. Unending Afghan War
g. Crippling Economy
5. Is Terrorism a Great Threat to Pakistan: YES
I. To Democracy
II. To Sovereignty
III. To Economy
IV. To Governance
V. To Progress
VI. To National Security
VII. To National Integrity
6. Recommendations:
I. Using the Influence of Religious Leaders
II. Utilizing Civil Society
III. Employing Media Effectively
IV. Revamping Education System
V. Achieving Peace in Afghanistan
VI. Ensuring Competent Intelligence
VII. Dealing Effectively with Militants
VIII. Economic Recovery & Poverty Alleviation
IX. Ensuring Speedy & Affordable Justice

COUNTRY LIFE IS BETTER THAN URBAN LIFE

1. Introduction
2.
3.
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
5.
6.
7.

Urban life emerged as civilizations flourished

Urban life blessed man with the comforts of life
Life in countryside
Serenity and tranquility
Clean environment and healthy surroundings
Rich culture and simple lifestyles
Sincere and trustworthy people
Lesser crimes
Stronger social bonding
Agricultural self-sufficiency
Country life lacks basic amenities
Concept of suburbs
Conclusion

Freedom of Media in Pakistan Blessing or Bane?

Free media is a double-edged sword which has its benefits and
vices; however, its advantages overweigh the disadvantages.
1.
2.
3.
4.
a)

Introduction
Definition of free media
Media in Pakistan: From censorship to freedom
Role of media in Pakistan: a blessing and curse at the same time
Free media as a blessing:
i. educates and informs masses
ii. increases level of awareness
iii. develops public opinion
iv. supports democracy
b) Free media as a bane:
i. spreading misinformation: rumours and false news
ii. used for propaganda & sensationalism:
benefits antagonists groups
iii. exploitation of freedom: corruption and influence
iv. commercialisation: serves vested interests
5. Enrichment and invasion of culture; simultaneously
6. Media is a medium for socialisation and social isolation; concurrently
7. Media is a watchdog but lacking accountability within; contrarily.
8. Overall role in national development.
9. Conclusion

Education in Pakistan: Causes of Failed State and Future Road Map

Education has been accorded great importance in every religion and

society. Islam also attached utmost importance to it.
1.
2.
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
4.
5.
6.
a)
b)
7.
8.
9.

Introduction
Importance of Education
Present state of Education: Dismal
Literacy
Equity
Quality
Access
Relevance
Environment
Technical Education
Higher Education
Causes of Failure
Historical and societal
Governance-related Factors
Impacts on society and development
Recommendations for improvement
Conclusion

NOT IGNORANCE BUT IGNORANCE OF IGNORANCE IS TRUE

IGNORANCE
The fact that not ignorance but ignorance of ignorance is true ignorance encompasses the
justification of existence of behaviours which are antagonist to all facets of society and state.
True ignorance prevails when intellectual, social and moral maturities cease to exist in a society.
Not condemning the despicable behaviours which come in the sphere of ignorance causes states
to lag behind other states. It affects people not only on individual level but on national level as
well. Countries with such framework based on true ignorance attract anti-state factors to come
into play leading to collapse of the whole system. Thus, adoption of appropriate measures to
overcome appalling outcomes of true ignorance is the need of the hour.
Civil society should endeavour to cultivate the sense of maturity among all segments of society.
Media should present strategies to equip the society with moral, ethical and intellectual maturity
to counter the effects of true ignorance.
Being ignorant from true ignorance is the reason why societies dreams to be called civilized
ones remain unfulfilled. Ineptness to differentiate behaviours that are against the societal norms
doesnt exhibit a lack of education; rather, it manifests that the society is devoid of social and
moral consciousness. Unintentional acknowledgment of unacceptable behaviours laid the
foundation of true ignorance.
Our Pakistani society couldnt get rid of such ignorance in real sense. Here, people couldnt
recognize the behaviours which are unwanted in a civilized setup. For instance, in a civilized

society, daughters dont remain bachelorettes only because the family would lose a part of land if
they marry. Such behaviour speaks volumes on moral, social and intellectual immaturity that
prevails in Pakistani society.
The paucity of such maturities has paved the way for acceptance of unwanted behaviours in
society. Nations immature socially, morally and intellectually never stand out among others.
Pakistan though vociferously supports humanitarian causes but presence of vices like karokari,
wani, gender discrimination, and violence against women casts doubts on her stance.
The societies which dont curb the attitudes against their norms instigate the loss of moral
obligations in their citizenry. Moral obligation is a self-check that makes people to realize their
responsibilities toward society as well as the state. Unfortunately, in Pakistani society, such
ignorance is leaving its loathed mark on the lives of the masses. Loss of this obligation has halted
the internalization of social responsibility among individuals. Hence they dont care for the
duties they owe to society as well as state. For instance, a person who witnesses an accident
shirks helping just because he doesnt want to indulge in an activity that wont pay him anything.
Such an attitude has eroded the selflessness among the members of Pakistani society.
Emergence of individualistic approach marks the prevalence of true ignorance in Pakistan. Those
societies are doomed to fail where every member has a self-centred approach in each and every
matter of life. They care only about themselves. Instead of collective benefit, they prioritize
individual interests only. Egoistic approach deprives the social setup from sense of humanity.
Hoarding eatables in hours of flood may be an example of this negative attitude.
Egocentric people in Pakistan are letting jazzy rituals to thrive. For instance, despite all efforts
against Hindu tradition of dowry, many people have a mindset which favours this custom. This
ignorance has resulted in many girls turning into spinsters as their parents couldnt arrange for
their dower.
Another outcome of existence of such phenomenon in Pakistani society is social disintegration.
A pivotal force which creates a robust social system is unity among individuals. It gives them a
collective binding which results in a cohesive system. Such a system not only fulfils the peoples
basic needs like food, shelter, justice, equality, etc., it also safeguards them from the factors
which manipulate them according to their whims and wishes. True ignorance unleashes injustice
and iniquity in every aspect of life thus people have to lead their lives in a frail, imperfect social
setup which cannot ensure providence of equal opportunities to all without any discrimination of
cast and creed. Furthermore, it deprives the people of their basic rights and arouses feelings of
animosity toward society. This ensues in lessened social coherence and integrity making the
society vulnerable to be controlled by the aliens with a system that protects their vested interests.
Lack of justice is another factor that is increasing woes and is producing irregularities in every
aspect of life. Rampant corruption, cronyism, and disregard to law, etc., create belligerence and
weaken the social bond. Thats why anti-societal factors like feudal or tribal lords, etc., still rule
the roost in Pakistan.
Antiquated and bigoted mindset of different stakeholders in social setup furthers the inhumane
customs. Such customs harbour the phenomenon of true ignorance. In some parts of Pakistan,

freedom of women is still an elusive dream and a curse for the family norms, education of girls
amounts to challenging ancestors values. All these attitudes breed such behaviours unchecked.
These behaviours are in different shapes and inculcate in society with alternate forms. Illegal
landholding, exploitation of manpower, acid throwing, curbs on women to vote are some forms
of this detrimental effect to our social framework.
In Pakistan, practices conforming to true ignorance are leading to use of illegitimate means. No
civilized society can allow human trafficking, child labour, smuggling, or such other vices.
Those who let this happen are the true embodiments of senseless people who have no moral
obligation and indulge into true ignorance. Tax evasion, corruption, nepotism, abuse of power,
etc., are the ramifications of this irresponsible behaviour. Every individual owes some
inescapable duties to his or her state. Minds which resort to such practices are a part of social
setup discouraging those who perform their duties religiously. Tax evasion haunts the economy
of country. A major chunk of countrys finances is to be spent on providing basic amenities to
the citizens. This elaborates the need of collection of revenues in form of taxes. Tax evasion is
damaging the whole setup and a vicious cycle of unavailability of basic necessities still prevails.
Acceptance of corrupt means in Pakistani society is an outcome of being ignorant, knowingly or
unknowingly, from the phenomenon of moral values which bound everyone to condemn and stop
any immoral act. Corruption in any form i.e. cronyism, favouritism, etc., is a never tolerated in
civilized societies. It negates merit in every aspect of life. The corrupt people are weakening the
social fabric that is nearing collapse fast.
In Pakistan, the prevalence of true ignorance lets sectarianism and extremism prosper and thrive.
Anti-social factors rise in presence of an environment that helps them go on to pursue their
ulterior motives. Raja Bazaar Rawalpindi incident or Shia leaders killings are carried out by
anti-state actors as they want to derail the system and work for chaos in Pakistan. These savage
elements approach the affectees of terror incidents and instigate them to rebellion against the
state. These vile practices are encouraging an extremist and fanatic approach among some cadres
of society. Mobilizing all the resources of brainwashing innocent young boys, results in suicide
bombing and mass killings. Such episodes are creating panic and chaos in society leading to the
creation of conflict and frustration at all levels.
Inability to condemn and eradicate such negative behaviours ensued from true ignorance prove
detrimental to interfaith harmony in Pakistan. Mullahs, the pseudo-scholars, come with their own
bigoted interpretation of Islam. It is creating a wave of disdain and hatred among followers of
other religions. As this creates a sense of insecurity among minorities, peace in the society
remains a far cry. Islam teaches to be tolerant and modest in each and every matter, and being
not among those who spread mischief on earth. This true ignorance is tearing the social fabric
apart and is halting the social connection and coherence.
In Pakistan, attitudes based on such mindset are consequence of true ignorance. Acts like street
violence, destruction of public and private property, mass agitation, etc. are further adding to the
woes of people who are already mired in deteriorated law and order situation. All these actions
challenge the writ of the state. Once the writ of the state is challenged, the door to anti-state
groups to implement their destructive thinking opens. Unknown abductions, target killings,

extortion, kidnappings for ransom wreak havoc in the country. This had imparted an opportunity
to those anti-state elements who aspire to fulfil their malicious designs and create a state within a
state that is detrimental to the ideology of a country.
Notwithstanding, the whole scenario seems to be absurd but its not impossible to turn the tables.
Various strategies can be evolved and measures adopted to rout and annihilate these anti-state
elements thus countering the destructive impacts of true ignorance which has affected us at
individual as well as national level.
Internalization of self-check approach is the key to overcoming all repercussions caused by true
ignorance on individual level. It can be internalized through informal ways of social control
along with proper education. Once a sense of self-check is restored, a society based on
responsible citizens well equipped with moral obligation towards each other and state would take
its roots. It would put a full stop to self-centred approach and would create a social setup
featuring social integration.
Education system should be made capable of inculcating moral, ethical and social values in
individuals. This is the only way to overcome the hazardous effects of true ignorance in Pakistani
society. Such system would produce citizens who would abolish the outdated customs in society
and would be a source of social change to ensure eradication of all negative attitudes and
behaviours.
Civil society must come forward to get the culprits, who tarnish the image of the country with
their wrongdoings, penalized. An awareness campaign to discourage such behaviours which
favours the assimilation of culture of tax evasion, corruption etc, is direly needed.
Media is playing an unprecedentedly tremendous role as a watchdog to eliminate all the
behaviours which are trademark of true ignorance in our society. Media should also present the
content that should create awareness on responsibilities and duties of the citizens to end social
menaces. Media must people that they must not become a puppet in the hands of anti-state
actors. It should inculcate the sense of nationalism in citizens and enable them to safeguard the
ideology of Pakistan.
In nutshell, the notion not ignorance but ignorance of ignorance is true ignorance consists of
philosophy upon which basis of all the anti-societal behaviours lie. Whether a nation is a
civilized one is determined by its foundation on social and moral consciousness. The societies
which are lack such consciousness represent a typical example of true ignorance. Pakistani
society has become an embodiment of true ignorance which, in turn, is dismantling the whole
setup and entangling individual as well as collective lives of people in its ramifications. The
champions of outdated customs and traditions openly follow their absurd traditions.
True ignorance is damaging all spheres of life equally and is creating a catastrophic paradigm in
society by allowing anti-social and anti-state elements to carry on with their nefarious agenda. It
is jeopardizing national sovereignty and is putting its security at stake. There is no denying the
fact that there is absolutely nothing which can be redeemed. As someone has rightly said that
Impossible means I am possible. So, timely measures should be taken to get Pakistani

society out of the tangle of obnoxious repercussions of true ignorance. Internalization of selfcheck approach, education system capable of embedding moral, ethical and social values in
individuals, a living civil society and vibrant media are some steps which should be taken to
eradicate the curse of true ignorance from Pakistan once for all.

Need for Good Governance in Pakistan

Outline:
Introduction
Definition and concept of good governance
Pre requisites/ Essentials of good governance
Essentials of good governance:
Stable democracy/ political stability
Constitutional supremacy
Rule of law/ effective implementation of law
Independence of judiciary
Efficient administrative hierarchy
Vibrant foreign policy
Equality/ transparency
Equal distribution of resources
Public participation in all decision-making processes
Free and uniform education system
Financial satisfaction
Social security
Freedom of media
Status of good governance in Pakistan:
Poor scenario/ grim picture of governance
Political instability
Vacuum of leadership ever since Quaid's death
Vulnerable national integrity, piety, solidarity and sovereignty
Rampant corruption owing to vested interests of ruling elites
Lack of culture of accountability
Crippled economy
Poor law and order situation
Inefficient law enforcement agencies
Social insecurity and uncertainty
Socio economic backwardness of the masses
Suggestions for good governance:
Ensure stable democratic system
Supremacy of constitution
Rule of law
Efficient administrative system
Investment friendly environment
Public participation in policy-making
Education for all