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Help Wanted: 11 Million College Grads

By Bill Gates
| June 3, 2015
0944444455

This spring more than 2 million students across the US are doing something Ive
never done. Theyre graduating from college.
Thats an achievement we should all celebrate. Although I dropped out of college and
got lucky pursuing a career in software, getting a degree is a much surer path to
success.
College graduates are more likely to find a rewarding job, earn higher income, and
even, evidence shows, live healthier lives than if they didnt have degrees. They also
bring training and skills into Americas workforce, helping our economy grow and
stay competitive. That benefits everyone.
Its just too bad that were not producing more of them.
As the class of 2015 prepares to join the workforce, what many people may not realize
is that America is facing a shortage of college graduates.

By 2025, two thirds of all jobs in the US will require

education beyond high school.
That may not seem possible, especially for any graduate who is unemployed or
underemployed. But here are the numbers: By 2025, two thirds of all jobs in the US
will require education beyond high school. (That includes two-year and four-year
college degrees as well as postsecondary certificates.) At the current rate the US is
producing college graduates, however, the country is expected to face a shortfall of 11
million skilled workers to fill those roles over the next 10 years, according to a new
study by Georgetown Universitys Center on Education and the Workforce.
Ive had a couple chances to talk about this skills gap with Cheryl Hyman, the
chancellor of the City Colleges of Chicago. We first met over dinner with a number of
education leaders last year, and I was really impressed with her accomplishments.

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Raised in poverty in Chicagos housing projects, she got a college degree in computer
science, worked her way to the top of a Fortune 500 company, and is now one of the
most innovative leaders in higher education. Since taking the job in 2010, shes
doubled City Collegess graduation rate.
After our initial dinner, Cheryl kindly agreed to come out to my office so we could
continue the conversation:
One thing Cheryl and I talked a lot about is the key source of the skills gap. The
problem isnt that not enough people are going to college. (Enrollment in
postsecondary programs has grown by over 50 percent during the last 25 years.) The
problem is that not enough people are finishing. More than 36 million Americansa
fifth of the working age populationhave gone off to college and left without a
degree.

More than 36 million Americansa fifth of the working

age populationhave gone off to college and left without
a degree.
Its always moving to sit down with students and hear the stories of why they decided
to drop out. Many of them are poor and often the first person in their families to go to
college. They arrive on campus with big aspirations to get a degree and start a career
that would earn a good salary. Then their dreams unravel.
Many quit when they realize that their high schools didnt prepare them academically
for college. Some dont make it because they cant afford tuition. Others leave after
getting overwhelmed trying to navigate the college system without enough personal
guidance from their college. All leave school with a lot of debt and, even worse, a
diminished sense of themselves. Their entire sense of what they can achieve in life is
damaged.
The fact that a high percentage of people who dont finish college are from lowincome backgrounds should be a concern for all of us. Without degrees, they are more
likely to stay trapped in poverty. At the same time, the scarcity of skilled workers in

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the labor market drives up wages for those with a college education, worsening
income inequality in America.
At our foundation, we are working with college leaders, including Chancellor Hyman,
to transform the college experience to make it easier for studentsespecially low
income and first-generation studentsto stay in school and complete degrees at an
affordable price.
Cheryl and I discussed the need for colleges to create a less confusing course selection
process. Students often waste time and valuable credit hours taking classes that dont
help them progress toward graduation because they dont understand the degree
requirements. New personalized online guidance tools provide students with clear,
semester-by-semester maps to graduation and a career.
Ive written before about how online courses are helping reduce tuition costs for
college students and give them the flexibility to learn on their own schedule. While
Im enthusiastic about the future of online courses, I also agree with Cheryl that
theyre not, as she put it, a magic bullet that works for all students. Some of her
students, she told me, still need face to face time with instructors and classmates to
help them learn how to interact with other people and work as part of a team. Critical
skills nearly all employers look for in new hires.
While all of these efforts are important to close the skills gap, Cheryl says the biggest
issue is changing the culture of higher education. For many years colleges measured
success by how many students enrolled in their institutions and not whether they were
training students for jobs that were in demand in the marketplace. Weve taken our
eye off the goal. I think weve been divorced from the real world for far too long, she
said.
Its time for higher education and the real world of employers to start working
together to meet the demand for 11 million skilled workers in the US. If were
successful over the next decade, well do more than close the skills gap. Well also
make progress reducing the large and growing gap between Americas rich and poor.

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Prison worker arrested after

'helping two killers pull off
Shawshank-style escape'
A PRISON worker has been arrested after she allegedly helped two convicted murderers
escape.
Joyce Mitchell allegedly smuggled contraband into Clinton Correctional Facility, where Richard Matt
and David Sweat escaped last weekend.
She gave the pair hacksaw blades, drill bits and goggles with lights to assist their Shawshank
Redemption-inspired plot, according to reports.
Mitchell, 51, could face seven years in prison if found guilty.
Charles Guess of New York State police described the arrest as "a large piece of the puzzle in our
quest to find these two escaped murderers".
He added: "Our interviews with Joyce Mitchell have been fruitful and productive.
"We're satisfied and we would not have charged her today if we were not satisfied with the
productivity of those interviews."
Matt and Sweat, who have both been described as "dangerous individuals", used power tools to cut
through a steel wall in their cells last Saturday.
The hole in the wall led the pair to a series of tunnels, which took them to a manhole outside the
prison wells.
Guess said that chilly weather in New York State has made the hunt for Matt and Sweat difficult, but
added: "You've got to assume they're cold, wet, tired and hungry."
Sweat, 34, is serving a life sentence without parole after he was convicted of first-degree murder for
killing a Broome County sheriff's deputy in 2002.
Matt, 48, is serving a sentence for 25 years to life for kidnapping, beating and dismembering a man
in 1997.

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Theirs was the first escape from the maximum-security portion of the facility since it was built in
1865.