Redistribute Gi A OSPF Và IGRP

Redistribute gia OSPF v IGRP
Tc gi: Nguyn Th Bng Tm

Trong bi ny ta s thc hin redistribute gia hai giao thc hiu classfull l
IGRP v giao thc hiu classless l OSPF .
Mc tiu bi lm :
T mt router bt k trong mng ping thy tt c cc a ch .
Gii quyt vn m classfull gp phi l discontiguous network v VLSM .
Kim tra metric ca hai giao thc .
M hnh mng nh hnh v di y , router R2 chy hai giao thc l OSPF v
IGRP .Router ny s thc hin redistribute gia hai giao thc ny .
i ch ca cc interface trn cc router nh sau :

Router
Router R1
Router R2
Router R3
Router R4
Interface
S0/0
F0/1
F0/0
Loopback 0
S0/0
S0/1
E0/0
S0/0
E0/0
Loopback 0
E0/0
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
a ch
192.168.2.1/24
172.16.1.1/28
172.16.1.17/28
192.168.6.1/24
192.168.2.2/24
192.168.1.2/24
192.168.3.2/24
192.168.1.3/24
172.16.4.1/24
10.3.1.1/24
192.168.3.4/24
10.1.1.1/24
10.1.2.160/24
172.16.5.1/24
Cu hnh ban u :
R1
!
Hostname R1
!
Interface Loopback0
Ip address 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0
!
Interface fastethernet0/0
Ip address 172.16.1.16 255.255.255.240
!
Interface Serial0/0
Ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
Interface fastethernet0/1
Ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.240
!
End
R2
!
Hostname R2
!
Interface Ethernet0/0
Ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
!
Interface Serial0/0
Ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Clockrate 64000
!
Interface Serial0/1
Ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
!
End
R3
!
Hostname R3
!
Interface Loopback0
Ip address 10.3.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
Ip address 172.16.4.1 255.255.255.0
!
Interface Serial0/0
Ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
Clockrate 64000
!
Ip classless
!
End
R4
!
Hostname R4
!
Interface Loopback0
Ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
Interface Loopback1
Ip address 10.1.2.160 255.255.255.0
!
Interface Loopback2
Ip address 172.16.5.1 255.255.255.0
!
Ip address 192.168.3.4 255.255.255.0
!
End
By gi ta tin hnh cu hnh tng bc cho cc router :
Cu hnh cho router R1 :
Press RETURN to get started!
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config-line)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#no login
R1(config-line)#exit
R1(config)#interface s0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface f0/1
R1(config-if)#no keepalive
00:15:24: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface fastethernet0/1, changed state to up
00:15:25: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
fastethernet0/1, changed
State to up
R1(config-if)#interface f0/0
R1(config-if)#exit
00:15:45: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface fastethernet0/0, changed state to up
00:15:46: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
fastethernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config)#interface loopback 0
R1(config)#exit
R1#copy running-config startup-config
Building configuration...
[OK]
(thc hin lu cu hnh)
Router>enable
R2(config-if)#interface s0/1
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface e0/0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#exit
R2#
R2#wr
[OK]
(thc hin lu cu hnh )
Router>enable
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int loopback 0
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#exit
R3#write
[OK]
(thc hin lu cu hnh)
Router>enable
Router#configure t
R4(config-if)#exit
*Mar 1 00:04:19.865: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed
state to up
R4(config)#interface loopback 0
R4(config-if)#interface loopback 1
R4(config-if)#interface loopback 2
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#exit
R4#wr
[OK]
(thc hin lu cu hnh)
Kim tra bng nh tuyn ca mi router :

R1#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C
C
C
C
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 1 masks

172.16.1.0/28 is directly connected, fastethernet0/1
192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
192.168.6.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
R2#sh ip route
<omitted>
C
C
C

192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
R3#sh ip route
<omitted>
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C
172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
C
10.3.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
R4#sh ip route
C
C
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
C
trn bng nh tuyn ta ch thy cc connected network ,l do l v khng c

giao thc nh tuyn no chy trn .Cu hnh cho cc router R1,R4 v
interface s0/0 ca R2 chy OSPF vi process id l 1, area 0 . Router R3 v
interface s0/1 ca R2 chy IGRP process 1.
Cu hnh nh sau :
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.15 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.16 0 0.0.0.15 area 0
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#router igrp 1
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
Kim tra li bng nh tuyn :
R1#sh ip route
<omitted>
O
C
C
O
O
C
C
O

172.16.5.1/32 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, Serial0/0
10.1.1.0 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, Serial0/0
10.1.2.0 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, Serial0/0
192.168.6.0/24 is directly connected, loopback0
192.168.3.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, Serial0/0
Quan st bng trn ta thy :

O miu t cc route OSPF m R1 hc c .V d nh bng trn ta c th thy
R1 hc c route 172.16.5.1 thng qua interface 192.168.2.2 , 110 l AD ca

OSPF ,75 l cost i n c route 172.16.5.1 .Quan st ta thy ,R1 cng hc
c mng 192.168.3.0/24 thng qua OSPF nhng ch c cost 74 ,s khc nhau
y l v R1 mun hc c 172.16.5.1 phi i qua mt hop-count l R4,do
trong qu trnh tnh cost c cng thm 1 .
R1#ping 192.168.3.4
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/40/56 ms
R1#ping 172.16.5.1
!!!!!
R2#sh ip route
O
I
O
O
I
O
O
O
C
C
C

172.16.5.1/32 [110/11] via 192.168.3.4, 00:00:04, Ethernet0/0
172.16.0.0/16 [100/8576] via 192.168.1.3, 00:00:04, Serial0/1
172.16.1.0/28 [110/65] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
172.16.1.16/28 [110/65] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
10.0.0.0/8 [100/8976] via 192.168.1.3, 00:00:04, Serial0/1
10.1.1.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.3.4, 00:00:04, Ethernet0/0
10.1.2.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.3.4, 00:00:04, Ethernet0/0
192.168.6.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.2.1,00:00:04, Serial0/0
192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
Quan st bng nh tuyn ca router 2 :

R2 hc c 5 route qua OSPF , l nhng route bt u bng ch O ,c AD
bng 110 . Cost gia router R2 v R4 l 10 nn khi R2 hc route
10.1.1.1,10.1.2.1,172.16.5.1 t R4 s c cost l 11 .Cng nhn trn bng nh
tuyn ta c th bit c cost gia R2 v R1 l 64 .
Bng thng mc nh trn interface Ethernet l 10Mbps ,do cost trn
interface ny l 108/ 10Mbps = 10 .Tc mc nh trn cc interface serial l
T1= 1.544Mbps ,do cost mc nh trn cc interface serial l :
108/1,544Mbps = 64 .
R2 hc c 2 route qua IGRP , l nhng route bt u bng ch I .Ta c th
da vo nhng quy tc gi v nhn update ca cc giao thc hiu classfull

gii thch cho cc route IGRP trong bng nh tuyn nh sau :
Khi R3 gi update ,n thc hin kim tra nhng vic sau :
Route 172.16.4.0/24 c cng major network vi 192.168.1.0/24 (l i ch c
ng k n interface gi update ) hay khng ?
Khng , R3 summarize 172.16.4.0/24 thnh network c cng subnet mask vi
majornet l 172.16.0.0/16 v gi route ny i .
10.3.1.0/24 cng c gii thch tng t v R3 s gi 10.0.0.0/8 i thay v gi
10.3.1.0/24 .
Khi R2 nhn update ,n thc hin nhng vic sau :
Major network c nhn 172.16.0.0 c cng majornet vi 192.168.1.0 (l a
ch c ng k n interface nhn update ) hay khng ?
Khng ,c subnet no ca majornet 172.16.0.0 tn ti trong bng nh tuyn m
R2 hc c t interface khc khng ?
Khng ,R2 s chp nhn route vi mask l 16 v 172.16.0.0 l i ch lp B
Route 10.0.0.0 c gii thch tng t .
l l do ti sao trn bng nh tuyn ca R2 li xut hin cc route
172.16.0.0/16 v 10.0.0.0/8.
R2#ping 172.16.4.1
!!!!!
R3#ping 192.168.2.1
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
R3 ping 192.168.2.1 khng thnh cng l v R3 chy IGRP cn 192.168.2.0
chy OSPF .Mun ping thnh cng ta phi thc hin redistribute trn R2 hai
giao thc ny hiu nhau .
R2(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 1000 100 255 1 1500
cu hnh trn redistribute cc route c khm ph bi OSPF process 1 vo
IGRP process 1. Phn metric trong cu lnh l ng k metric IGRP cho cc
route ,th t nh sau :
Banwidth , n v l Kbps (mc nh l 1000)
Delay ,n v l tens of microsecond (mc nh l 100)
Reliability , c gi tr t 1 255 ,vi 255 th mc reliability l 100% (mc
nh l 255)
Load ,c gi tr t 1 255 ,mc nh l 1
MTU ,n v l octet (mc nh l 1500)

R2(config-router)#redistribute igrp 1 metric 20 subnets
cu hnh trn s redistribute cc route c khm ph bi IGRP process 1
vo OSPF process 1. Phn metric trong cu lnh ng k cost OSPF l 20 cho
mi route c redistribute .
Redistribute lm cho R2 tr thnh ASBR (autonomous system boundary router)
trong min OSPF v cc route c redistribute l cc external routes .Mc nh
l E2 external path . Subnets c s dng khi redistribute cc route vo OSPF
ch ra subnet details tc l c c subnet mask s c redistribute ,nu khng c
n th a ch major network c redistribute .
Kim tra database ca OSPF thy r hn iu .

R2#show ip ospf database
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID
ADV Router Age
Seq#
Checksum Tag
10.0.0.0
192.168.3.2 8
0x80000006 0xf8a 0
172.16.0.0
192.168.3.2 8
0x80000003 0x12d7 0
192.168.1.0 192.168.3.2 8
0x80000006 0xd464 0
Ta thy cc route c t m l external route (Type 5 )
Kim tra bng nh tuyn ca cc router :
Trc ht ta refresh li bng nh tuyn bng lnh clear ip route *
R4#clear ip route *
R1#clear ip route *
R4#sh ip route
C
O E2 172.16.0.0/16 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0
O
172.16.1.0/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0
O
172.16.1.16/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0
C
C
O E2 10.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0
O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.6.0/24 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0

R1#sh ip route
O
172.16.5.1/32 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:24, Serial0/0
C
O E2 172.16.0.0/16 [110/20] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:24, Serial0/0
C
C
O E2 10.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:24, Serial0/0
O
10.1.1.0/24 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:24, Serial0/0
O
10.1.2.0/24 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:24, Serial0/0
O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:24, Serial0/0
C 192.168.6.0/24 is directly connected, loopback0
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.2.2, 00:03:24, Serial0/0
Show ip route trn c hai router ta thy cc route c hc bi IGRP redistribute
vo OSPF c k hiu l O E2 .Cc route ny c metric l 20 (metric khi cu hnh
redistribute )
Kim tra bng lnh ping
R4#ping 10.3.1.1
!!!!!
R4#traceroute 10.3.1.1
Tracing the route to 10.3.1.1
1 192.168.3.2 4 msec 4 msec 0 msec
2 192.168.1.3 32 msec 16 msec *
R3#clear ip route *
R3#sh ip route
C

C
I 192.168.2.0/24 [100/10476] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0
I 192.168.3.0/24 [100/8576] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0
I 192.168.6.0/24 [100/12100] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0
R3 hc c 3 route t bn ngoi . l route 192.168.2.0/24 c metric l
10476 , route 192.168.3.0/24 c metric l 8576 v route 192.168.6.0/24 c
metric l 12100 .Metric y c tnh theo cng thc m ta nu phn
mt.
Metric trong cu lnh redistribute cc route OSPF vo IGRP ch c ngha i
vi nhng route m R2 hc c t OSPF. i vi cc route kt ni trc tip
vi n th metric c ly mc nh trn interface . Hai route 192.168.3.0/24
v 192.168.2.0/24 l 2 route kt ni trc tip vi R2 do metric ca n l
metric mc nh trn 2 interface ethernet v serial .
i vi mng 192.168.2.0 /24
Bng thng mc nh trn serial interface l 1544Kbit , delay mc nh trn
interface ny l 20000s .Tng delay trn 2 serial interface s l 40000s .
=> BWIGRPmin = 107 / 1544 = 6476
DLYIGRPsum = 40000/10 = 4000
metric = BWIGRPmin + DLYIGRPsum = 6476 + 4000
metric = 10476
i vi mng 192.168.3.0 /24
bng thng mc nh trn ethernet l 10Mbps => bng thng nh nht ca mng
ny n R3 l bng thng trn serial interface 1554kbit .
Delay mc nh trn ethernet interface l 1000 => tng delay = 20000 +1000 =
21000
=> BWIGRPmin = 107 / 1544 = 6476
DLYIGRPsum = 21000/10 = 2100
metric = 8576
i vi mng 192.168.6.0/24 :
V y khng phi l mng kt ni trc tip vi R2 m c R2 hc c thng
qua OSPF v c redistribute vo IGRP , do metric ca mng 192.168.6.0
c tnh theo metric m ta thit lp trong cu lnh redistribute .
Bng thng gn cho cc route bn ngoi khi c redistribute vo IGRP l
1000Kbit , bng thng trn serial interface gia R2 v R3 l 1544Kbit => bng
thng nh nht l 1000Kbit .
Delay gn cho cc route bn ngoi khi c redistribute vo IGRP l 1000s
=> tng delay = 20000 + 1000 = 21000
=> BWIGRPmin = 107 / 1000 = 10000
DLYIGRPsum = 21000/10 = 2100
metric = 12100
Thc hin lnh show ip route cho tng route thy r hn :
R3#sh ip route 192.168.2.0
Routing entry for 192.168.2.0/24
Known via "igrp 1", distance 100, metric 10476
Redistributing via igrp 1
Advertised by igrp 1 (self originated)
Last update from 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/1, 00:00:07 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 192.168.1.2, from 192.168.1.2, 00:00:07 ago, via Serial0/1
Route metric is 10476, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 40000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 0
R3#sh ip route 192.168.3.0
R3#sh ip route 192.168.6.0
R3#ping 192.168.3.2
!!!!!

R3#ping 10.1.2.1
.....
R3#ping 10.1.1.1
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.1 , timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Ta kim tra ng i t R3 n 10.1.1.1
1 * * *
2 * * *
3 * * *
khng c ng n R3 v trn bng nh tuyn khng c route 10.1.1.1
1 192.168.3.4 4 msec 4 msec *
Trn bng nh tuyn ca R3 ,ta ch thy xut hin c 3 route l 192.168.2.0 ,
192.168.3.0 v 192.168.6.0 cn cc route khc khng xut hin .
L do l v IGRP khng hiu discontiguos network v VLSM .Da vo cc quy
tc gi v nhn update ca IGRP ta s gii thch c iu ny nh sau:
R2 s qung b nhng route m n hc c t OSPF sang cho IGRP .
Khi R2 gi update, n tin hnh kim tra :
Route 172.16.1.0/28 c cng major network vi 192.168.2.0/24 khng ?
Khng , R2 sunmarize 192.16.1.0/28 thnh network c subnet mask vi major
net ca n l 172.16.0.0/16 v gi route ny i .
Khi R3 nhn update, n tin hnh kim tra :
Major network c nhn 172.16.0.0 c cng majornet vi 192.168.1.0 hay
khng?
Khng , c subnet ca majornet 172.16.0.0 tn ti trong bng nh tuyn m R3
hc c t cc interface khc hay khng ?
C , R3 loi b update
Cc route khc c gii thch hon ton tng t.
gii quyt vn discontiguous network v VLSM ta cu hnh static route
ch cho R3 bit ng i n cc mng trn .
R3(config)#ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0
R3(config)#ip route 172.16.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R3(config)#ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
Cc route trn R3 c subnet mask l 24 ,do R3 s khng hiu nhng route c
subnet mask l 28 .Do ta thc hin summarize nhng route c mask 28 thnh
mask 24 bng mt static route.
R3(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R3#sh ip route
C
S
S
C
S
S
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I
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I

172.16.5.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
10.1.2.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
192.168.2.0/24 [100/10476] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:00, Serial0/0
192.168.3.0/24 [100/8576] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:00, Serial0/0
192.168.6.0/24 [100/12100] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:00, Serial0/0
Ta cu hnh static route vi a ch ch l cc mng trn router R4 ,quan st

bng nh tuyn ta thy nu ta cu hnh ip route c theo sau bi a ch
ch ,mask quyt nh phn network ca a ch ch v a ch interface kt
ni trc tip ca next-hop router th trn bng nh tuyn s xut hin nh sau :
S
172.16.5.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
S
10.1.2.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
S
172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
Cch th hai ,thay v a ch ca next-hop router ta s dng interface i ra
ngoi mng ca router R3 ,trn bng nh tuyn ta thy :
S
Cc mng trn c xem l kt ni trc tip vi interface s0/0 ca router R3. S
dng lnh debug quan st xem qu trnh gi v nhn update ca R3.
R3#debug ip igrp transactions
IGRP protocol debugging is on

00:38:47: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Ethernet0/0
(172.16.4.1)
00:38:47:
network 10.0.0.0, metric=501
00:38:47:
00:38:47:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=10476
00:38:47:
00:38:47:
network 192.168.6.0, metric=12100
00:38:47: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0
(192.168.1.3)
00:38:47:
00:38:47:
00:38:47: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Loopback0
(10.3.1.1)
00:38:47:
subnet 10.1.1.0, metric=8476
00:38:47:
00:38:47:
00:38:47:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=10476
00:38:47:
00:38:47:
network 192.168.6.0, metric=12100
00:38:53: IGRP: received update from 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/0
00:38:53:
network 172.16.0.0, metric 10576 (neighbor 8576)
00:38:53:
00:38:53:
00:38:53:
R3#ping 172.16.5.1
!!!!!
R3#ping 172.16.1.1
!!!!!
R3#ping 172.16.1.17
!!!!!
Khi thc hin redistribute , cc external route vo OSPF mc nh l type E2 ,ta
c th cu hnh ch ra external type l E1 bng cch ch ra trong cu lnh

redistribute mt metric-type
R2(config-router)#no redistribute igrp 1 metric 20 subnets
R2(config-router)#redistribute igrp 1 metric 20 metric-type 1 subnets
Khi mt external route c redistribute vo min OSPF ,n phi c ng k
mt metric , ASBR s thc hin vic ny.
- Type 1 external path (E1) c cost l tng ca external cost cng vi cost ca
ng n ASBR
- Type 2 external path (E2) ch c external cost ,cc route E2 khng quan tm
n internal cost (l cost ca ng n ASBR). hiu r hn ta xem v d
sau y : (c hnh v bn di )
Router A c 2 ng n ch bn ngoi 10.1.2.0. Nu ch c qung b l
E1, ng A B- D s c cost l 35 (5 + 20 + 10) v c u tin hn ng
A C- D c cost l 50 (30 + 10 + 10) .Nu ch c qung b l E2 ,ng A
-B- D c cost l 30 (20 + 10 ) v ng A C- D c cost l 20 (10 + 10 ) ,lc
ny b qua cost n ASBR v ng th hai s c u tin hn.
Kim tra bng nh tuyn ca cc router :

R1#sh ip route
C
O
172.16.5.1/32 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:31:42, Serial0/0
O E1 172.16.0.0/16 [110/84] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:36, Serial0/0
C
O E1 10.0.0.0/8 [110/84] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:36, Serial0/0
O
10.1.1.0/24 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:31:42, Serial0/0
O
10.1.2.0/24 [110/75] via 192.168.2.2, 00:31:42, Serial0/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/84] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:36, Serial0/0
C
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.2.2, 00:31:42, Serial0/0
Trn bng nh tuyn ta thy ,cost ca cc external route l 84 (64 + 20 ) thay v
20
R4#sh ip route
O
172.16.1.16/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 00:32:06, Ethernet0/0
C
O E1 172.16.0.0/16 [110/30] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:00, Ethernet0/0
O
172.16.1.0/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 00:32:06, Ethernet0/0
C
C
O E1 10.0.0.0/8 [110/30] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:00, Ethernet0/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:00, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.3.2, 00:32:06, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.6.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.3.2, 00:32:06, Ethernet0/0
Cost ca cc external route l 30 (10 + 20) thay v 20 nh ban u .
Ta th thay i cc thng s v metric ca cc external route c redistribute
vo OSPF ri kim tra bng lnh show ip route :
R2(config-router)#no redistribute igrp 1 metric 20 metric-type 1 subnets
R4#sh ip route
O E1 172.16.0.0/16 [110/40] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:00, Ethernet0/0
O E1 10.0.0.0/8 [110/40] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:00, Ethernet0/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/40] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:00, Ethernet0/0
R4#sh ip route
O E1
172.16.0.0/16 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet0/0
O E1 10.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet0/0

O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet0/0
R1#sh ip route
O E1 172.16.0.0/16 [110/74] via 192.168.2.2, 00:14:07, Serial0/0
O E1 10.0.0.0/8 [110/74] via 192.168.2.2, 00:14:07, Serial0/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.2.2, 00:14:07, Serial0/0
R2(config-router)# redistribute igrp 1 subnets
R4#sh ip route
O
172.16.1.16/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 01:19:52, Ethernet0/0
C
O E2 172.16.0.0/16 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:57, Ethernet0/0
O
172.16.1.0/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 01:19:52, Ethernet0/0
C
C
O E2 10.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:57, Ethernet0/0
O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:57, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.3.2, 01:19:52, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.6.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.3.2, 01:19:52, Ethernet0/0
Khi thc hin redistribute m khng ng k metric cho cc external route th
mc nh metric l 20 cho cc route c redistribute vo OSPF ,external type l
E2 , v 0 cho cc route c redistribute vo cc giao thc khc .
R2(config-router)#no redistribute igrp 1 subnets
R2(config-router)#redistribute igrp 1 metric-type 1 subnets
R4#sh ip route
O
172.16.1.16/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 01:28:16, Ethernet0/0
C
O E1 172.16.0.0/16 [110/30] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:18, Ethernet0/0
O
172.16.1.0/28 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 01:28:16, Ethernet0/0

C
C
O E1 10.0.0.0/8 [110/30] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:18, Ethernet0/0
O E1 192.168.1.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:18, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.3.2, 01:28:16, Ethernet0/0
O 192.168.6.0/24 [110/74] via 192.168.3.2, 01:28:16, Ethernet0/0
Nh ni trn ,nu trong cu lnh redistribute khng ch ra metric c th
hoc l khng c mt default- metric th metric s l 0 cho cc route c
redistribute vo cc giao thc khc OSPF. i vi IS-IS n s hiu metric 0,
nhng vi cc giao thc khc nh RIP ,IGRP , EIGRP s khng hiu metric 0 v
RIP c metric l hop-count c gi tr t 1 16, IGRP v EIGRP c metric thuc
multi-metric. Do nu trong trng hp ny ,redistribute s khng lm vic.
R2(config)# router igrp 1
R2(config-router)#no redistribute ospf 1 metric 1000 100 255 1 1500
R2(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1
R3#sh ip route
C
S
S
C
S
S
C
I
I
I

172.16.5.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
10.1.2.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
192.168.2.0/24 is possibly down, routing via 192.168.1.2, Serial0/0
Bt debug ln quan st :
R3#debug ip igrp transactions
IGRP protocol debugging is on
01:12:37:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=4294967295 (inaccessible)
01:12:37:
01:12:37:

(172.16.4.1)
01:12:37:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37:
network 192.168.3.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37:
network 192.168.6.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0 (192.168.1.3)
01:12:37:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37:
network 192.168.3.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37:
network 192.168.6.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Loopback0 (10.3.1.1)
01:12:37:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37:
network 192.168.3.0, metric=4294967295
01:12:37:
network 192.168.6.0, metric=4294967295
Quan st bng nh tuyn v debug ta thy nu khng c metric trong cu lnh
redistribute th 3 external route c hc t IGRP b a v trng thi possibly
down .Nu R3 khng nhn c thng tin g v 3 route ny vi metric tt hn 3
external route s c gi li trong bng nh tuyn cho n khi flush timer tri
qua (mc nh flush timer trong igrp l 630s) .Ta kim tra li bng nh tuyn
ca R3 :
R3#clear ip route *
R3#sh ip route
C
S
S
C
S
S
C

172.16.5.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
10.1.2.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
Khng cn thy 3 external route c hc t IGRP trong bng nh tuyn na .

By gi ta thm phn metric trong cu lnh redistribute th bng nh tuyn ca
R3 s xut hin nh trc .
Cu lnh default - metric cho php ta cu hnh mc nh v metric khi thc hin
redistribute. N hiu dng trong trng hp cc route c redistribute t nhiu
source .Metric c ng k bng cch s dng metric trong lnh redistribute s
c u tin hn i vi metric c ng k bng default-metric .
R2(config-router)#default-metric 5000 100 255 1 1500
R2#show running-config
!
Router ospf 1
Redistribute igrp 1 metric-type 1 subnets
Network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
Router igrp 1
Redistribute ospf 1 metric 1000 100 255 255 1500
Network 192.168.1.0
Default-metric 5000 100 255 1 1500
!
(172.16.4.1)
01:19:19:
01:19:19:
01:19:19:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=10476
01:19:19:
01:19:19:
network 192.168.6.0, metric=12100
01:19:19: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0/0 (192.168.1.3)
01:19:19:
01:19:19:
01:19:19: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Loopback0 (10.3.1.1)
01:19:19:
subnet 10.1.1.0, metric=8476
01:19:19:
01:19:19:
01:19:19:
network 192.168.2.0, metric=10476
01:19:19:
01:19:19:
network 192.168.6.0, metric=12100
01:19:44:
01:19:44:
01:19:44:
01:19:44:
Kim tra li bng nh tuyn ca R3 ,ta thy metric vn khng thay i .
R3#sh ip route
I 192.168.2.0/24 [100/10476] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:30, Serial0/0
I 192.168.3.0/24 [100/8576] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:30, Serial0/0
I 192.168.6.0/24 [100/12100] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:30, Serial0/0
Nu b phn metric trong cu lnh redistribute th default- metric s c s
dng .
R2#show running-config
!
Router igrp 1
Redistribute ospf 1
Network 192.168.1.0
Default-metric 5000 100 255 1 1500
!
R3#sh ip route
I 192.168.2.0/24 [100/10476] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:30, Serial0/0
I 192.168.3.0/24 [100/8576] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:30, Serial0/0
I 192.168.6.0/24 [100/8576] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:30, Serial0/0
R3#sh ip route 192.168.6.0
Ta bit khi thc hin update, IGRP s broadcast ra ton mng , do tit
kim ti nguyn mng v trnh cho OSPF nhn update c nhng thng tin
khng cn thit th sau
khi hon tt cu hnh, ta nn s
dng thm lnh passive-interface t interface s0/1 ca router R2. Lnh ny c
ngha cho php router nhn nhng khng gi update ra ngoi .Khng nn s
dng lnh ny i vi OSPF v n s chn lun qu trnh trao i gi tin hello
dn n mi quan h lng ging khng c thnh lp.

Redistribute Gi A OSPF Và IGRP

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Redistribute Gi A OSPF Và IGRP

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Redistribute gia OSPF v IGRP

Tc gi: Nguyn Th Bng Tm

i ch ca cc interface trn cc router nh sau :

Kim tra bng nh tuyn ca mi router :

172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 1 masks

192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1

trn bng nh tuyn ta ch thy cc connected network ,l do l v khng c

172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks

Quan st bng trn ta thy :

R1 hc c route 172.16.5.1 thng qua interface 192.168.2.2 , 110 l AD ca

172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 3 masks

Quan st bng nh tuyn ca router 2 :

da vo nhng quy tc gi v nhn update ca cc giao thc hiu classfull

MTU ,n v l octet (mc nh l 1500)

Kim tra database ca OSPF thy r hn iu .

O 192.168.6.0/24 [110/75] via 192.168.3.2, 00:02:34, Ethernet0/0

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 ms

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets

Ta cu hnh static route vi a ch ch l cc mng trn router R4 ,quan st

IGRP protocol debugging is on

c th cu hnh ch ra external type l E1 bng cch ch ra trong cu lnh

Kim tra bng nh tuyn ca cc router :

172.16.0.0/16 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet0/0

O E1 10.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet0/0

10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets

01:12:37: IGRP: sending update to 255.255.255.255 via Ethernet0/0

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets

Khng cn thy 3 external route c hc t IGRP trong bng nh tuyn na .

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