STRESSES IN BEAMS

Flexural Stress,

WHERE:
Flexural Stress
M Moment at section being considered
I Moment of inertia about the neutral axis
y Distance from the N.A. to the fiber in question
REMEMBER:

For Rectangle:

.. =

3
12

For Triangle:

.. =

3
36

*In neutral axis/ Centroidal axis, stress is equal to zero

Cross Section Stress Distribution

y

Pwede tong magamit, if given

ang stress sa fibers(at least 2),
then may unknown value na
masosolve using similar
triangles

Stress

Maximum Flexural stress or Extreme Fiber Stress

=

WHERE:
c Distance from the N.A. to the outer most fiber

Sample No. 1:

Determine the magnitude of the flexural stress 40mm below the top at a section 1m from the free end.
Determine also the maximum flexural stress of the section.

15

=
3
1
y = 5kN

Solution:

y = 100 40 = 60 mm

@ 1 =

5
2

(1)( (1))
3

= 0.833

=
=

(0.833 106 )(100)

100(200)3
12

(0.833 106 )(60)

100(200)3
12

= 1.245 MPa

= 0.75 MPa

Sample Problem No. 2: Find the T and C

Figure

25(100) = 2500
25(125) = 3125

1
2

Area

187 500+39 062.5

2500+3125

75
12.5

Ay

187 500
39 062.5

= 40. 278

Ic.g.

25(100)3/12
125(25)3/12

d = | y|

34.722
27.778

Ad2

3 014 043.21
2 411
304.013

.. = (.. + 2 ) = 7 671 440. 973 4

=

2
10(4)2
=
= 20
8
8

Max Tensile Stress: (since pasmile ang bending ng beam, tension ang lower fiber)
=

(20 106 )(40.278)

=
= 105.008

7 671 440. 973 4

Max Compressive Stress: (compression naman sa taas)

=

(20 106 )(125 40.278)

=
= 220.876

7 671 440. 973 4

IMAGINE:

-Tension
-Compression

-Compression

-Tension

If ibebend natin ang ruler pataas (pasad

ang itsura), yung taas na part, nahihila
sya pababa meaning in tension yung
fibers dun.

Sample Problem No. 3:

A cast-iron carries a uniformly distributed load on a simple span. Compute the flange width of
the inverted T-section so that the allowable stress T = 34.5 MPa and C = 82.76 MPa reach their
limits simultaneously.

And then, we use the formula for centroid,

since isa na lang ang nawawala, pwede na
syang masolve
=
25() + 150(25) = 25()(12.5) + 25(150)(100)
b = 186.65 mm

175
=
34.5
82.76
y = 51. 49 mm
*since given na ang maximum tensile and compression stress, we could just easily find the
centroid of the section (using similar triangles), even with a missing value.

Horizontal Shearing Stress:

=

WHERE:
Horizontal Shearing stress
V Shear
I Moment of inertia about the N.A.
b Width of the fiber where shearing stress is desired
Q Statical moment of area above or below the fiber in question with respect to the
N.A.

Sample Problem No. 4:

A simply supported beam 100 mm wide, 150 mm deep, and 4 m long has a uniformly distributed load of 5kN/m.
compute for the shear stress developed at horizontal layers 25 mm apart from top to bottom of a section 1 m from
the left support. Compute also the maximum shearing stress developed in the beam.

@ 1 10
=
1
2
@ 1 = 5

Solution:

100 (150)3
= 28 125 000 4
12

If we analyze above layer 1, area = 0, so

Consider Layer 1: Q=0 also. If we analyze below, magiging

Q = 100(150)(0) = 0 pa din kasi walang
Q=0
distance ang N.A. axis ng buong cross=0
Consider Layer 2: section at N.A. ng area na inaanalyze
Q = 100(25) (62.5) = 156 250 mm3

5 000 (156 250)3

28 125 000 4 (100)

= 0.28

Consider Layer 3:
Q = 100(50) (50) = 250 000 mm3

5 000 (250 000)3

28 125 0004 (100)

Consider Layer 4:

= 0.444

Q = 100(75) (75/2) = 281 250 mm3

5 000 (281 250)3

28 125 0004 (100)

= 0.5

Consider Layer 5:
Since the layers have equal
= 0.444 MPa
distances, mirror lang yung
Consider Layer 6:
nasa taas for layers 5, 6, and
= 0.28 MPa
7.
Consider Layer 7:
=0
Maximum Shear at the Support:

10 000 (281 250)3

28 125 0004 (100)