Clase 10: El Pasado Simple

El Pasado Simple se usa en ingls para describir acciones que sucedieron en un tiempo pasado (muchos
siglos atrs o solo 10 segundos atrs) pero que ya no tienen relacin con el presente. En espaol
corresponde al Pretrito Perfecto simple de Indicativo.
Pasado de verbos REGULARES:
Los verbos REGULARES son los que forman el pasado simple agregndole -ed al verbo en infinitivo,
y se conjugan igual para todas las personas.
Ejemplos:
I cleaned the house yesterday. Limpi la casa ayer.
You worked hard last year. (T) Trabajaste duro el ao pasado.
He watched TV all afternoon last Saturday. l mir la televisin toda la tarde el sbado pasado.
She lived in Paris for three years. Ella vivi en Pars por tres aos.
The dog stayed in its place all morning. El perro se qued en su lugar toda la maana.
It started to rain five minutes ago. Comenz a llover hace cinco minutos.
We finished our meal very quickly. Terminamos nuestra comida muy rpidamente.
You connected the PC in the wrong place. Ustedes conectaron la PC en el lugar incorrecto.
They enjoyed the party last night. Ellos disfrutaron la fiesta anoche.
En caso de verbos que en ingls terminan en -e, solo se agrega -d, como en
danced
organized
perforated
abdicated
advanced
En algunos verbos que terminan en consonante ms -y, en el pasado simple la y es reemplazada por
i y luego se agrega -ed, como en:
study (estudiar) studied
copy (copiar) copied
worry (preocuparse) worried
try (tratar) tried
marry (casarse) married
Pero a los que terminan en vocal ms consonante -y y -w, slo se les agrega -ed, como en:
play played
show showed
stay (stayed)
Otros, como say (said) y pay (paid), son considerados verbos IRREGULARES.
Algunos verbos de una sola slaba, que terminan con una vocal ms una consonante, en el Pasado Simple
repiten la consonante y se les agrega -ed, como vemos en:
plan planned
stop stopped
Pasado de verbos IRREGULARES:

Los verbos en ingls son IRREGULARES cuando cambian totalmente la forma del infinitivo al construir
el pasado. A continuacin se detalla una lista de verbos irregulares con sus significados:

Infinitivo
awake (despertar)
be (ser/estar)
bear (soportar)
become (convertir)
begin (comenzar)
bend (doblar)
bite (morder)
bleed (sangrar)
blow (soplar)
break (romper)
breed (criar)
bring (traer)
build (construir)
burn (quemar)
burst (explotar)
buy (comprar)
catch (atrapar)

Pasado Simple
awoke
was, were
bore
became
began
bent
bit
bled
blew
broke
bred
brought
built
burned/burnt
burst
bought
caught

Participio Pasado*
awoken
been
born
become
begun
bent
bitten
bled
blown
broken
bred
brought
built
burned/burnt
burst
bought
caught

choose (elegir)
cling (sujetar)
come (venir)
cost (costar)
cut (cortar)
deal (tratar)
dig (cavar)
do (hacer)
draw (dibujar)
dream (soar)
drive (conducir)
drink (beber)
eat (comer)
fall (caer)
feed (alimentar)
feel (sentir)
Fight (caerse)
find (encontrar)
fit (encajar)
flee (huir)
fly (volar)
forbid (prohibir)
forget (olvidar)
forgive (perdonar)
freeze (congelar)
hang (colgar)
get (obterner)
give (dar)
go (ir)

chose
clung
came
cost
cut
dealt
dug
did
drew
dreamed/dreamt
drove
drank
ate
fell
fed
felt
fought
found
fit / fitted
fled
flew
forbade
forgot
forgave
froze
hung
got
gave
went

chosen
clung
come
cost
cut
dealt
dug
done
drawn
dreamed/dreamt
driven
drunk
eaten
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found
fit/ fitted
fled
flown
forbidden
forgotten
forgiven
frozen
hung
got
given
gone

have (tener)

had

had

hear (oir)

heard

heard

hide (esconder)

hid

hidden

hit (golpear)

hit

hit

hold (sostener)

held

held

hurt (herir, lastimar, doler)

hurt

hurt

keep (guardar, mantener)

kept

kept

know (saber. conocer)

knew

known

lay (poner, colocar)

laid

laid

learn (aprender)

learned/ learnt

learned/ learnt

leave (partir, dejar)

left

left

lend (prestar)

lent

lent

let (permitir)

let

let

lie (recostarse, tirarse)

lay

lain

light (encender)

lit / lighted

lit / lighted

lose (perder)

lost

lost

make (hacer)

made

made

mean (significar)

meant

meant

meet (encontrarse, conocer)

met

met

mistake (equivocarse)

mistook

mistaken

misunderstand (malentender)

misunderstood

misunderstood

overcome (sobreponerse)

overcame

overcome

overtake (sobrellevar)

overtook

overtaken

pay (pagar)

paid

paid

prove (probar)

proved

proven/ proved

put (poner)

put

put

read (leer)

read (suena como "red")

read (suena como "red")

ride (conducir, montar)

rode

ridden

ring (sonar)

rang

rung

sise (elevar)

rose

risen

run (correr)

ran

run

say (decir)

said

said

see (ver)

saw

seen

sell (vender)

sold

sold

send (enviar)

sent

sent

set (poner, fijar)

set

set

sew (coser)

sewed

sewn/ sewed

shake (temblar, menear)

shook

shaken

shine (brillar)

shined / shone

shined / shone

shoot (disparar)

shot

shot

show (mostrar)

showed

shown / showed

shrink (encojer)

shrank / shrunk

shrunk

shut (cerrar)

shut

shut

sing (cantar)

sang

sung

sit (sentarse)

sat

sat

sleep (dormir)

slept

slept

smell (oler)

smelled/ smelt

smelled/ smelt

speak (hablar)

spoke

spoken

speed (acelerar)

sped / speeded

sped / speeded

spell (deletrear)

spelled/ spelt

spelled/ spelt

spend (gastar)

spent

spent

spit (escupir)

spit / spat

spit / spat

split (dividir)

split

split

spoil (arruinar)

spoiled/ spoilt

spoiled/ spoilt

spread (desparramar)

spread

spread

spring (saltar)

sprang / sprung

sprung

stand (pararse)

stood

stood

steal (robar)

stole

stolen

stick (pegar, con pegamento)

stuck

stuck

sting (pinchar)

stung

stung

swell (hincharse)

swelled

swollen, swelled

swim (nadar)

swam

swum

swing (balancearse)

swung

swung

take (llevar)

took

taken

teach (ensear)

taught

taught

tear (rasgar)

tore

torn

tell (decir)

told

told

think (pensar)

thought

thought

throw (tirar)

threw

thrown

understand (entender)

understood

understood

undertake (encargarse de)

undertook

undertaken

wear (usar)

wore

worn

weep (llorar)

wept

wept

wet (humedecer)

wet/ wetted

wet/ wetted

win (ganar)

won

won

wind (dar cuerda)

wound

wound

withdraw (sacar)

withdrew

withdrawn

write (escribir)

wrote

written

Negativo del Pasado Simple:

El negativo del pasado simple se forma con el auxiliar DID NOT o su abreviatura DIDNT, ms el verbo
en infinitivo:
Ejemplos
I didnt clean the house yesterday. No limpi la casa ayer.
You didnt work hard last year. No trabajaste duro el ao pasado.
He didnt watch TV all afternoon last Saturday. l no mir la televisin toda la tarde el sbado pasado.
She didnt live in Paris for three years. Ella no vivi en Pars por tres aos.
The dog didnt stay in its place all morning. El perro no se qued en su lugar toda la maana.
It didnt start to rain five minutes ago. No comenz a llover hace cinco minutos.
We didnt finish our meal very quickly. No terminamos nuestra comida muy rpidamente.
You didnt connect the PC in the wrong place. Ustedes no conectaron la PC en el lugar incorrecto.
They didnt enjoy the party last night. Ellos no disfrutaron la fiesta anoche.
Como se puede observar, al ir didnt desaparece la terminacin -ed del verbo en el pasado afirmativo, y
lo que indica que el verbo est en pasado es el auxiliar didnt.
Interrogativo del Pasado Simple:
El interrogativo del Pasado Simple se forma con el auxiliar DID al comienzo de la pregunta y el verbo
principal en el infinitivo
Ejemplos:
Did I clean the house yesterday? Limpi la casa ayer?
Did you work hard last year? Trabajaste duro el ao pasado?
Did he watch TV all afternoon last Saturday? Mir l la televisin toda la tarde el sbado pasado?
Did she live in Paris for three years? Vivi ella en Pars por tres aos?
Did the dog stay in its place all morning? Se qued el perro en su lugar toda la maana?
Did it start to rain five minutes ago? Comenz a llover hace cinco minutos?
Did we finish our meal very quickly? Terminamos nuestra comida muy rpidamente?
Did you connect the PC in the wrong place? Conectaron ustedes la PC en el lugar incorrecto?
Did they enjoy the party last night? Disfrutaron ellos la fiesta anoche?
Ejemplos con QUESTION WORDS:
What did I clean yesterday? Qu limpi ayer?
How did you work last year? Cmo trabajaste el ao pasado?
When did he watch TV? Cundo mir l la televisin toda la tarde?
Where did she live for three years? Dnde vivi ella por tres aos?
Where did the dog stay all morning? Dnde se qued el perro toda la maana?
When did it start to rain? Cundo comenz a llover?
What did we finish very quickly? Qu terminamos muy rpidamente?
Where did you connect the PC? Dnde conectaron ustedes la PC?
What did they enjoy last night? Qu disfrutaron ellos anoche?
Obsrvese que en el interrogativo el verbo principal tambin se usa en el infinitivo, o sea, no lleva -ed.
Lo que adjudica la nocin de pasado al verbo es el uso del auxiliar DID.

Ejercicios: Traduzca estas oraciones:

She used a hat all the summer.
He followed the instructions carefully.
The pain didnt disappear after two days.
Did you ask for help?
We worked together to achieve your goal.
She kept her word.
He spent little time with the crutches.
The report was good.
Dentists improved their mouths greatly.
She had a terrible accident last year.
We cleaned the house yesterday.
They didnt maintain oral hygiene.
Traduzca este prrafo:
A NEW JOB
My first job was as a receptionist but then I replaced a secretary. When I came to France I was the
secretary to the Ambassador for two years!! When I was younger it was very rare for Latin American
people to have good English. It isnt difficult for me to find a job. All the doors are opened for me
because of my languages. I went to University and studied languages and Tourism. I like meeting people,
travelling and using my languages. I got a job in an international Travel Agency ten years ago and Im
still working there! Im a very happy person and I like my job very much.
PRINCE WILLIAM
Early in the morning of 31 August 1997, Princess Diana came out of the Ritz Hotel in Paris with
Dodi Fayed. A short time later, they died in a car accident. Diana was only 36 years old. William and
Harry were on holiday at Balmoral with their father. The two young princes were sleeping. At 7:30 their
father talked to them about the accident. He then telephoned Tiggy, their nanny, and she came from
Scotland to be with them.

WAS-WERE
WAS y WERE son el pasado del verbo TO BE (ser estar). WAS es el pasado de AM-IS y WERE es el
pasado de ARE. Los negativos son WASNT y WERENT. La particularidad de estos verbos es que se
pueden usar como auxiliares del pasado continuo (ver clase 11).
Ejemplos:
I am in London now. Yo estoy en Londres ahora
I WAS in Buenos Aires last year. Yo estuve/estaba en Buenos Aires el ao pasado.
You are the leader of the team now. T eres el lder del equipo ahora.
You WERE the leader of the team two years ago. T eras/fuiste el lder del equipo dos aos atrs.
He is a teacher now. l es maestro ahora.
He WAS a student last year. l era/fue alumno el ao pasado.
She is a lady now. Ella es una dama ahora.
She WAS very rude last year. Ella era muy torpe el ao pasado.
The dog is here now. El perro est aqu ahora.
It WAS in the garden five minutes ago. l estaba/estuvo en el jardn cinco minutos atrs.
We are at school now. Estamos en la escuela ahora.
We WERE at school last week. Estbamos/estuvimos en la escuela la semana pasada.
You arent in the pool now. Ustedes no estn en la pileta ahora.
You WERENT in the pool ten minutes ago. Ustedes no estaban en la pileta diez minutes atrs.
They arent at home now. Ellos no estn en casa ahora.
They WERENT at home yesterday. Ellos no estaban en casa ayer.
Traduzca estas oraciones:
I was tired last night.
Was she at school last Saturday?
When I was a child I was in England.
The weather wasnt nice yesterday.
Charlie Chaplin was a famous actor.
I phoned him last night but he wasnt at home. Where was he?
That exam was very hard.
The museum was very interesting.
Those books werent very expensive.
Was she here last week?