1.

Ang kalinangang Kanluranin o kulturang Kanluranin, na minsang

itinutumbas sa kabihasnang Kanluranin, sibilisasyong
Kanluranin,kabihasnang Europeo, o sibilisasyong Europeo, ay ang
mga kalinangan o kultura na pinagmulan sa Europa at ginagamitan na
napaka malawakan na pagtukoy sa pamanang pangkalinangan ng
mga pamantayang ugali ng lipunan, mga pagpapahalagang pang-etika,
mganakaugaliang kinapamihasnan, mga paniniwalang
pangpananampalataya, mga sistemang pampolitika, at tiyak na
mga artipaktong pangkalinangan, at mga teknolohiya.
Nagsasanga ang kulturang pangkanluran o kalinangang
pangkanluran mula sa dalawang pinagkunan: ang Panahong
Klasikal ngpanahong Griyego at Romano at ang impluwensiya
ng Kristiyanismo. Ang mga tema at mga tradisyong makasining,
pampilosopiya, pampanitikan, at batas na Kanluranin; ang mga pamanana
ng mga pangkat na etniko at pangwika (lingguwistiko), natatangi na
ng Europang Latin, Keltiko, mga taong Hermaniko, at kabihasnang
Helenistiko (sibilisasyong Heleniko); pati na ang kaugalian
ng rasyonalismo sa samu't saring mga nasasakupan ng buhay, na pinaunlad
ng pilosopiyang Helenistiko, Iskolastisismo, mga Humanismo, Himagsikang
Pang-agham, at ang Panahon ng Kamulatan; at kasama, sa kaisipang
pampolitika, ang malaganap na argumentong rasyonal (debate o
balitaktakan) na nakakiling para sa malayang kaisipan, mga karapatang
pantao, egalitaryanismo (pagkakapantay-pantay), at demokrasya.
Ang katagang ito ay naging ginagamit para sa bansa na ang kasaysayan ay malakas na
namarkahan ng imigrasyon o pananahanang Europeo papunta sa mga pook na katulad
ng Kaamerikahan at Australasya, at hindi nakatuon lamang sa Kanlurang Europa.
Ang mga tala na pangkasaysayan ng kulturang kanluranin sa loob ng nasasaklawang
pangheograpiya nito sa Europa ay nagsisimula sa Sinaunang Gresya, at pagkaraan ay
sa Sinaunang Roma, Pagsasakristiyano noong Gitnang Kapanahunan sa Europa, at
reporma at modernisasyon na nag-umpisa sa Renasimyento, at naging globalisado sa
pamamagitan ng sunud-sunod na mga imperyong pangkolonyang Europa
(mga imperyong Europeo) na nagpakalat ng mga kaparaanan sa pamumuhay at
edukasyon ng mga Europeo (mga taga-Europa) sa pagitan ng ika-16 at ika-20 mga
daantaon. Umunlad ang kalinangang Europeo o kulturang Europeo na may isang
masalimuot na sakop na pilosopiya, iskolastisismo at mistismong midyibal, at
humanismong Kristiyano at sekular. Ang makatwirang pag-iisip ay umunlad sa
pamamagitan ng isang mahabang panahon ng pagbabago at talatag (pormasyon) na
may mga eksperimento sa pagkamulat, naturalismo, romantisismo, agham,

demokrasya, at sosyalismo. Dahila sa kaugnayang pandaigdig, yumabong ang

kulturang Europeo na kasamang lahat ang udyok na kumandili, umangkop, at sa
pinakasukdulan ang makaimpluwensiya ng iba pang mga kalakarang pangkultura.
Ilan sa mga daloy ng kaisipan na nagbigay ng kahulugan sa makabaagong
mga lipunang Kanluranin ay ang pagkakaroon ng pluralismong pampolitika, tanyag na
mga subkultura(kabahaging mga kultura) o mga kontrakultura (mga pasalungat na
kultura, na katulad ng mga kilusan ng Bagong Panahon), at tumataas na sinkretismo na
nagresulta mula saglobalisasyon at migrasyong pantao.
2. KABIHASNANG MINOAN
-Hango ang Minoan sa pangalan ni Haring Minos na nagtatag ng kaharian sa
Crete.
-May mataas na antas ng kalinangan sa larangan ng arkitektura at may
mahusay na inhinyero.
-Ang isang palasyo na nagsisilbing sentro ng kanilang kaharian ay
matatagpuan sa lungsod ng Knossos.
-Noong 2500 BCE, may nakasulat nang alpabeto.
-Naging mahusay ang mga artisan nila sa paggawa ng kagamitan.
-Ang agrikultura ang pangunahing pinagkukunan ng kabuhayan.
-Nag-aalaga ng mga hayop.
-Nagtatanim ng trigo, ubas at barley.
-Nakikipagkalakalan
-Naglaho pagsapit ng 1400BCE dahil sa matinding pagsabog ng bulkan ng
isla ng Thera ang nagging dahilan.
-Pagkaraan ang ilang taon, ang Mycenaean ay sinakop at pinamahalaan ang
Crete.
KABIHASNANG MYCENAEAN
-Hango ang kanilang pangalan mula sa kanilang lungsod na Mycenae.
-Panahong HomerNaging makapangyarihan mula 1600-1100 BCE.
-Binubuo ng ibat ibang lungsod estado.
-Kabuhayan ang pagtatanim, pagpapastol, pagpapanday, paghahabi,
paglikha ng palayok, paggawa ng pabango, at pagkuha ng langis.
-Hango ang sistema sa mga Minoan.
-Humina noong manirahan sa Peloponnesus ang mga Griyegong Dorian.
-Nagkaroon ng digmaan sa paggitan ng Dorian at Mycenaean.
-Panahon ng Kadiliman na nagsimula nong 1100-800 BCE
-Unti- unti nabuo ang mga Polis.
-Nabuhay muli dahil sa kalakalan.
-Namayagpag ang mga Helleniko, itinuturing na ina ng Griyego.
3. POLIS- salitang Griyego para sa city-state. Lungsod-estado na nabuo
noong 800 BCE na isang yunit pilitikal.

SOURCES: https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinangang_Kanluranin KAYAMANAN

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THE ROAD NOT TAKEN

BY ROBERT FROST
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.

ENGLISH 9
HOW DO I LOVE THEE? (SONNET 43)
BY ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.
I love thee to the depth and breadth and height
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight
For the ends of being and ideal grace.
I love thee to the level of every days
Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light.
I love thee freely, as men strive for right.
I love thee purely, as they turn from praise.
I love thee with the passion put to use
In my old griefs, and with my childhoods faith.
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose
With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath,
Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose,
I shall but love thee better after death.

GOD'S GRANDEUR
BY GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS
The world is charged with the grandeur of God.
It will flame out, like shining from shook foil;
It gathers to a greatness, like the ooze of oil
Crushed. Why do men then now not reck his rod?
Generations have trod, have trod, have trod;
And all is seared with trade; bleared, smeared with toil;
And wears man's smudge and shares man's smell: the soil
Is bare now, nor can foot feel, being shod.
And for all this, nature is never spent;
There lives the dearest freshness deep down things;
And though the last lights off the black West went
Oh, morning, at the brown brink eastward, springs
Because the Holy Ghost over the bent
World broods with warm breast and with ah! Bright wings.

SONNET 116
BY WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
Let me not to the marriage of true minds
Admit impediments. Love is not love
Which alters when it alteration finds,
Or bends with the remover to remove:
O no; it is an ever-fixed mark,
That looks on tempests, and is never shaken;
It is the star to every wandering bark,
Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.
Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks
Within his bending sickle's compass come;
Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,
But bears it out even to the edge of doom.
If this be error and upon me proved,
I never writ, nor no man ever loved.

TREES
BY JOYCE KILMER
I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree.
A tree whose hungry mouth is prest
Against the earths sweet flowing breast;
A tree that looks at God all day,
And lifts her leafy arms to pray;
A tree that may in Summer wear
A nest of robins in her hair;
Upon whose bosom snow has lain;
Who intimately lives with rain.
Poems are made by fools like me,
But only God can make a tree.

BREAK, BREAK, BREAK

BY ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON
Break, break, break,
On thy cold gray stones, O Sea!
And I would that my tongue could utter
The thoughts that arise in me.
O, well for the fisherman's boy,
That he shouts with his sister at play!
O, well for the sailor lad,
That he sings in his boat on the bay!
And the stately ships go on
To their haven under the hill;
But O for the touch of a vanish'd hand,
And the sound of a voice that is still!
Break, break, break
At the foot of thy crags, O Sea!
But the tender grace of a day that is dead
Will never come back to me.

THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE

BY CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE
Come live with me and be my love,
And we will all the pleasures prove,
That Valleys, groves, hills, and fields,
Woods, or steepy mountain yields.
And we will sit upon the Rocks,
Seeing the Shepherds feed their flocks,
By shallow Rivers to whose falls
Melodious birds sing Madrigals.
And I will make thee beds of Roses
And a thousand fragrant posies,
A cap of flowers, and a kirtle
Embroidered all with leaves of Myrtle;
A gown made of the finest wool
Which from our pretty Lambs we pull;
Fair lined slippers for the cold,
With buckles of the purest gold;
A belt of straw and Ivy buds,
With Coral clasps and Amber studs:
And if these pleasures may thee move,
Come live with me, and be my love.
The Shepherds Swains shall dance and sing
For thy delight each May-morning:
If these delights thy mind may move,

Then live with me, and be my love.

THE NYMPHS REPLY TO THE SHEPHERD

BY SIR WALTER RALEGH
If all the world and love were young,
And truth in every Shepherds tongue,
These pretty pleasures might me move,
To live with thee, and be thy love.
Time drives the flocks from field to fold,
When Rivers rage and Rocks grow cold,
And Philomel becometh dumb,
The rest complains of cares to come.
The flowers do fade, and wanton fields,
To wayward winter reckoning yields,
A honey tongue, a heart of gall,
Is fancys spring, but sorrows fall.
Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy beds of Roses,
Thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy posies
Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten:
In folly ripe, in reason rotten.
Thy belt of straw and Ivy buds,
The Coral clasps and amber studs,
All these in me no means can move
To come to thee and be thy love.
But could youth last, and love still breed,
Had joys no date, nor age no need,
Then these delights my mind might move
To live with thee, and be thy love.

THE RAINY DAY

BY HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW
The day is cold, and dark, and dreary;
It rains, and the wind is never weary;
The vine still clings to the mouldering wall,
But at every gust the dead leaves fall,
And the day is dark and dreary.
My life is cold, and dark, and dreary;
It rains, and the wind is never weary;
My thoughts still cling to the mouldering Past,
But the hopes of youth fall thick in the blast,
And the days are dark and dreary.
Be still, sad heart! and cease repining;
Behind the clouds is the sun still shining;
Thy fate is the common fate of all,
Into each life some rain must fall,
Some days must be dark and dreary.

PSALM 23
BY KING DAVID
The LORD is my shepherd;
I shall not be in want.
He makes me lie down in green pastures;
He leads me beside quiet waters,
He restores my soul.
He guides me in paths of righteousness for his name's sake.
Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of
death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me;
Your rod and your staff, they comfort me.
You prepare a table before me in the presence of my
enemies.
You anoint my head with oil;
My cup overflows.
Surely goodness and love will follow me all the days of my
life, and I will dwell in the house of the LORD forever.

MATHEMATICS
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