Suzaku Spectral Observations of Fe Kα LINE In Magnetic Cataclysmic Variable (mCV) EX Hya

Suzaku Spectral Observations
of Magnetic Cataclysmic
Variable (mCV) EX Hya
BY
E. Sudum and R.N.C. Eze
Suzaku spectral Observation of

Magnetic Cataclysmic Variable
(mCV) Ex Hya. Department of
Physics and Astronomy UNN.
2/28/2014
Introduction.
1. The Suzaku Telescope

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2. Intermediate Polars or DQ HER

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3. Polars or AM Her
5. Ex Hya
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4. The iron K Line
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For an electron to be excited from a

state with energy E1 to a state with
energy E2 it needs to absorb a photon
of frequency
f = (E2 E1)/h.
where h is the Planck's constant.
E1
Emission
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E1
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E2
Absorption

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Fe lines/continuum flux
Bremsstrahlung/photoionization
Hard X-rays

Kraft 1962, first discovered EX Hya and identified

it as an eclipsing system with an orbital period
(Porb = 98 min).
Watson et al. 1978, first discovered the X-ray
emission in the quiescent state
Beuermann & Osborne 1988, first reported a hard
X-ray eclipse in EX hya
Eisenbart et al. 2002, showed that the broad
emission lines and the continuum flux in Ex hya
are formed in an optically thick accretion curtain
and from the innermost part of the accretion
curtain of the white dwarf itself.
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Previous work
10

Scott et al. 2005, Reported that a strong Fe K line was

detected in NGC 7469 with centroid energy of 6.39 0.01 keV,
and a line width 63101580 km s1. No EW was given but the
line flux was 3.90.7105 photons cm2 s1.
Evans et al. 2007, presented observations on NGC 2110. He
measured the narrow Fe K line parameters E = 6.3970.007
keV, and EW = 81+2730 eV.
Collinge et al. 2001, presented results from the Chandra HETGS
observation on NGC 4051 which showed that E = 6.41+0.010.01
keV, EW = 158+5147 eV, and FWHM < 2800 km s1 for the core of
the narrow Fe K line.
Eze, et al. 2013, reported that he hard X-ray from boundary
layers between the accretion and the compact objects irradiates
the cold gas in the accretion disk leading to the emission of the
Fe K fluorescence line.
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Previous work
11

Ex Hya was observed by Suzaku for 91 sec on July 18, 2007 (obsid
402001010). The data was processed using version 2.0 of the
standard Suzaku pipeline software and the HEAsoft version 6.10.
We downloaded Ex Hya data from suzaku achive.
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Source of data
12
The source and background integration regions of the Ex hya images taken with XIS1 at the XIS-default
position (left) and the HXD-default position (right) on 2013 March 15. The background regions with a
size of 126 by 1024 pixels each are taken at the left and right ends of the chip for the XIS-default
position, and a source region with a size of 252 by 1024 pixels is taken at the side far from the Ex hya
image for the HXD-default position. The remaining source-integration region has a size of 768 by 1024
pixels.

We used the XIS detectors to create source spectra.

We extracted the XIS background spectra.
We used xselect filter time file routine to extract the source and
background spectra for each observation.
We used xselect to extract Suzaku data into spectra, images, and
lightcurves.
2/28/2014
Data Analyses
13

The HXD PIN detector analysis was done by first downloading

non X-ray turned PIN background files and response matrices
suitable for the observation to make the PIN NXB spectrum.
We used the mgtime FTOOLs to merge the good time interval
to get a common value for the PIN background and source
event files.
We used the hxddtcor in the suzaku FTOOLs to correct the
dead time for the observed spectra.
We used XSPEC version 12.7.0 for the spectral analysis of our
data.
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Data Analyses contd.
14

Errors in our work were obtained using the XSPEC error command.
We modeled the spectrum using the absorbed bremsstrahlung
model with three gaussian lines for the Fe K emission lines. Since
we are primarily interested in the ion lines, our fitting covered 0 10.0 KeV for the XIS BI, 3.0 -12.0 KeV for the XIS FI and 15.0 40.0
KeV for the HXD PIN.
Energy below 3.0 KeV were ignored in the XIS FI and BI detector to
avoid intrinsic absorption which is known to affect data at this
energy range.
energy above 10 KeV were also ignored for XIS BI due to high
instrument background compared to the XIS FI detectors.
We resolved the neutral or low-ionized (6.41 keV), He-like (6.70
keV), and H-like (7.00 keV) lines.
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Data Analyses contd.
15
Suzaku spectra of Ex Hya fitted with a simple absorber bremsstralung

model (suited to highly ionized disks) showing a pointed X-ray spectral
observations of Fe K due to irradiation of the accretion disk by the hard
X-rays from the boundary layers, reprocessing in a dense absorber plus
partial covering absorber of the system. The insert shows an expanded
version of the resolved iron line complex

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Result and Discussion
16

2/28/2014
Result and Discussion contd.
Light curve of Ex Hya showing no flare, signifying no intrinsic

variation in the source during the observation.
17

A striking observation is the presence of strong Hlike and He-like emission lines detected at line
centroid energy of 6.7 and 7.0 KeV,
A detectable florescence of Fe XVIII-Fe XXIV lines
producing Fe K lines.
We assume that the observed continuum of Ex Hya
is that which drives the line emission.
Also, we assume that the observed reprocessed line
emission created in the photo-ionized medium is
completely unabsorbed but that of the
bremsstrahlung is absorbed along our line of sight.
With these assumptions, we deduced
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18

A detection of strong iron lines and the bremsstrahlung continuum

with an average temperature of 10 KeV in the source support the
thermal origin of the hard X-rays; hence these hard X-rays are most
likely released during the accretion process within the boundary
layer Eze, (2013).
We however observed no absorption of the hard X-rays by full
covering and partial covering in the source as shown in table 4.1.
The light curve shows no intrinsic variations in the system during
the observation.
We find that a simple model of absorber bremsstrahlung spectra
fits the data very well. The hard X-ray from boundary layers
between the accretion and the compact objects irradiates the cold
gas in the accretion disk leading to the emission of the Fe K
fluorescence line (Eze, 2013 in press).
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19
(KT) KeV
photons s-1cm-2 (Fcounts)
E6.4 (KeV)
E6.7 (KeV)
E7.0 (KeV)
F6.4 in 10-5 photon s-1 cm-1
EW6.4 in eV
EW6.7 in eV
EW7.0 in eV
Ex Hya (Value Error)

10.00 1.00
20.80 0.10
6.41 0.01
6.66 0.02
6.95 0.01
3.30 0.20
2.90 0.30
1.10 0.30
28.00 3.00
32.00 1.00
109-4+5

Parameter
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20

1. the intense flux around the white dwarf due to

collisional ionization because of the absence of
absorption.
2. The detectable florescence of Fe XVIII-Fe XXIV lines
and recombination to higher ionization state
3. In the hard X-rays from the boundary layers
between the accretion disk and the white dwarf
due to irradiation.
4. By the line energy range of 6.7-6.9KeV of H-like and
He-like iron by bremsstrahlung cooling
5. Photoionization of the k-shell followed by
florescence of atoms in ionized state
2/28/2014
Origin Of Fe K Line In Ex Hya
21

They may serve as possible diagnostics of accretion

flows and the structure of the source plasma in AGN
Information from the iron line complexes are useful
probe of the region very close to an accreting black
hole
Information from the iron line complexes can be
used to probe and study black hole activities at the
center of nearby galaxies
Its width can as shown on the spectrum of an
observed source can give kinematic information
that can be used to estimate the size and location of
the X-ray reprocessor
2/28/2014
Uses Of Fe K Lines in astrophysical sites
22

We have shown that a bremsstrahlung model is capable of

reproducing the X-ray spectra revealing a pointed X-ray
spectral signature of Fe K line of Ex Hya.
The hard X-ray from boundary layers between the accretion
and the compact objects irradiates the cold gas in the
accretion disk leading to the emission of the Fe K
fluorescence line in hard X-ray emitting symbiotic stars (Eze, et
al. 2007).
We resolved the neutral or low-ionized (6.41 keV), He-like
(6.70 keV), and H-like (7.00 keV) Fe K line complex in the
system.
From our bremstrahlung model, the Fe K line complexes in Ex
Hya at 6.41, 6.70 and 7.00 keV line originated by irradiation of
the accretion disk by hard X-rays from the boundary layers
between the accretion disk and the hot white dwarf, and by
collisional ionization by intense X-ray flux round the white
dwarf.
2/28/2014
Conclusion
23

The simplest physical interpretation of this model is that the

bremsstrahlung represents the interstellar absorption
component while the remaining two partial covering
absorbers represent the phase dependent absorption caused
by the accretion curtains.
We however observed a high absorption of the hard X-rays by
full covering and partial covering in all the sources as shown in
table 4.1.
The light curve shows no intrinsic variations in the system
during the observation.
We find that a simple model of absorber bremsstrahlung
spectra fits the data very well.
Hard X-rays are most likely released during the accretion
process within the boundary layer of Ex Hya
2/28/2014
Conclusion contd.
24

2/28/2014
THANK YOU
DAALU
NAAGODE
ESHEI
25

Suzaku Spectral Observations of Fe Kα LINE In Magnetic Cataclysmic Variable (mCV) EX Hya

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Suzaku Spectral Observations

E. Sudum and R.N.C. Eze

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Suzaku spectral Observation of

2. Intermediate Polars or DQ HER

Suzaku spectral Observation of

4. The iron K Line

For an electron to be excited from a

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Kraft 1962, first discovered EX Hya and identified

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Scott et al. 2005, Reported that a strong Fe K line was

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Suzaku spectral Observation of

We used the XIS detectors to create source spectra.

Suzaku spectral Observation of

The HXD PIN detector analysis was done by first downloading

Data Analyses contd.

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Data Analyses contd.

Suzaku spectra of Ex Hya fitted with a simple absorber bremsstralung

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Result and Discussion

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Result and Discussion contd.

Light curve of Ex Hya showing no flare, signifying no intrinsic

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Result and Discussion contd.

Suzaku spectral Observation of

A detection of strong iron lines and the bremsstrahlung continuum

Result and Discussion contd.

Ex Hya (Value Error)

Suzaku spectral Observation of

Result and Discussion contd.

Suzaku spectral Observation of

1. the intense flux around the white dwarf due to

Origin Of Fe K Line In Ex Hya

Suzaku spectral Observation of

They may serve as possible diagnostics of accretion

Uses Of Fe K Lines in astrophysical sites

Suzaku spectral Observation of

We have shown that a bremsstrahlung model is capable of

Suzaku spectral Observation of

The simplest physical interpretation of this model is that the

Suzaku spectral Observation of

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