Chapter 11 Continued Art History

11/05/2015

Romanesque Sculpture, Painting and Decorative Arts

All of the ideas are carved in stone
Victor Hugo,
Architectural Sculpture- These works are apart of the building
It is concentrated in certain places around the door ways and on
column capitols
Tympanum (Tympana(Plural)) Semi-Circular shape about a door
way
Carved 1120-1132
Sainte Madeleine in Vezelay, highest point in town,
Typical example of a Romanesque tympanum large figure or jesus in
the center
Size equals importance not depth or location
Jesus is shown in majesty and is surrounded by, almond shape glory of
light that is called a Mandorla (Shape of a pointed oval) doesnt take the
place of a halo.
Physical distortion is the norm.
The Mission of the Apposols- to spread christianity to all man kind,
Romanesque is simple and direct, From jesus to each of his apposols
There is a ray and coming from jesus hand shooting toward each
apposol, so the idea is that the mission is sent from jesus into the mines and
Archivolt- The arch surrounding the Tympanum, depicts signs of the
Zodiac and the labors of the months, goes back to antiquity used in the
middle ages, what the proper activity was at the specific time of the year, it
shows when they harvest depending on the climate and things like that.
The inner most archivolt and the lintel depict the various people
believed to inhabit the distant regions of the earth, to show jesus spreading
it across the earth, there are dog headed people, Abnormally enormous ears
Pigmes small size with a use of latter to mount their horse
Autun Cathedral, Tympanum rare example of an artist signature
GisleBertus, huge figure of jesus in the center, largest most important
surround by mandorla plus a halo, proportions, pose is different but still very
slender, the subject is the last judgement, most frequently depicted subjects
in Romanesque art. It is supposed to remind people to behave themselves,
correcting public behavior. Saved on left damned down below, whether you
are saved or damned is determined on the right side,
Gislebertus, carved capitols, carved with stores, narrative column
capitols,
Carved with scenes from jesus early life, 1120-1132AD

Magus (Mage (plural)) PersWise Man 3 mage sleeping an angel

comes and wakes them up, they sleep stacked up on bed, narrative clarity is
the goal not complete accuracy, The Mage are told to follow the star,
They travel they reach jesus and mary and they offer their gifts,
Flight into Egypt donkey is shown in a more sympathetic matter than
the humans, a woman would ride side saddle, Architectural Sculpture,
decoration on churches,
3 standing figures that are separate and not attached,
Mary and jesus Madonna and Child, Virgin and Child. Madonna
means my lady in Italian, both carved of wood, both Polychrone- many
colors, they represent what was repeated over and over again, you can find
the same thing in all of the different media used during the Romanesque in
every geographic location the style was popular, the the clothes seem to flow
up complete disregard for the laws of gravity
Almost all paintings that do survive are in churches, obligated to be
decorative and teach the public something, same concept in architectural
sculpture
The most important example of romanesque painting
Abby Church Saint-Savin sur (on) Gartempe (River)
Hall Church 1 story hall elevation covered by a barrol or a tunnel wall
ideal surface for Slight ledge where the vault joins the arcade
Vault at Saint Savin divided into 4 fields, old testament cycle from
creation to moses, 4 long fields
Multiple point linear perspective does not continue into this period,
The outlines are very dark
Manuscripts Illuminations popular throughout the middle ages
Folio rather than Page. Manuscript is illuminated rather than illustrated
Early 12th century French Folio from manuscript, Depicts initial R
cleverly formed by st. George and the dragon
John writing his Gospel 2nd half of the 12th Century, he dips his quill
pen into the inkwell that is held by Abbott Wedricus, writing on animal skin
2 folio from Bestiary
12th and 13th century English bestiary called WorkSop refers to a place,
the lion on the left and a unicorn on the right, it had to have existed in order
to be in a bestiary, it is described what it eats, it shows us moral models in
order to emulate or avoid

Decorative Art
Enamel small scale brightly colored Romanesque art
Colored glass used to a metal surface, you can take glass and turn
Reliquary- 2 examples are little boxes, contain reliques, decorated with
enamel, left portrays murder
On the right, late 12th century st and jesus in a mandora,
Limoges
Lamoge china, mosan area, part of todays belguim
Nicholas of Verdun northeastern france
Klosterneuvurg,
Abby of this name , near Vienna Austria 1181
Signed by, matron of exton of narol work of the 12 th century
Separate medal started with 45
Figure of mary, normal proportions are returning.

Exam trace track or follow an image throughout the course

Compare and contrast 2 things Romanesque architecture vs. gothic