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Edited by:
Jean-Marc Faurs and Guido Santini
FAO Land and Water Division
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200
600
150
400
100
200
50
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-50
-200
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-400
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Cereal production
-200
-800
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1960
1970
1980
Years
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2000
250
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150%
145%
140%
135%
Rural population
130%
Area cultivated
125%
Livestock (ruminants)
120%
115%
110%
105%
1960
100%
Millions
Rural population
192
90%
130
85%
Livestock (ruminants)
308
95%
80%
75%
70%
65%
60%
55%
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
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60
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0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
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"
Rural poverty
person/Km2
No data
<5
5 - 10
10 - 25
25 - 50
50 - 75
> 75
Country boundaries
Rivers
Waterbodies
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Regional
Climate,
agro-ecological
conditions, natural
resources base, principal
sources of livelihood.
Country
Land and water, institutions, policies,
population, livelihood patterns,
cropping patterns, topography.
Local
Power structure, local institutions, infrastructures, soils,
access to resources, sources of income.
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"
3
5
6
7
9
13
7
4
2
3
10
3
9
5
Livelihood zones
1
2
Arid
5
3
7 Highland Temperate
8 Highland Perennial
9
Tree crop
10 Forestbased
11 Large Commercial and Smallholder
12 Ricetree crop
13 Coastal Artisanal Fishing
Country boundaries
Rivers
Waterbodies
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4 Cerealbased
6 Rootcropbased
13
12
3 Agropastoral
5 Cerealroot crop
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10
13
11
1
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70
65
Other rural population
60
55
50
% of rural
population
Arid
28%
Pastoral
52%
Agropastoral
16
42%
Cerealbased
21
32%
Cerealroot crop
26
39%
Rootcropbased
15
31%
Highland Temperate
15
49%
Highland Perennial
11
33%
24%
10
34%
Tree crop
Forestbased
45
Million
Million
Livelihood zone
8%
40
Ricetree crop
45%
35
26%
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Arid
Pastoral
Agropastoral
Cereal
based
Cereal
root crop
Rootcrop
based
Highland
Temperate
Highland
Perennial
Tree crop
Forest
based
Large
Commercial
and
Smallholder
Ricetree
crop
Coastal
Artisanal
Fishing
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