Type

Salmonella

Chara
cteristi
cs

Faculta
tive
Gram
ve
Rods
Enterobacteri
acea
TGI
human
s
/
animal
s
MotilePetrich
uos
flagella

Speci
es

2:
S.
enteric
a
S.
Bongor

Listeri
a
monocytoge
nes
Gram
+ve
Non
spore
rods
Motilepetrich
uos
flagell
a (20
25C)

6
specie
s
L.mon
o
(patho

Camp
ylobacte
r

E.coli

Enter
otoxin
Invasi
ve
Infecti
ve
dose:
<103
Young
child
and
young
adults
(20 to
40
age)

Gram
ve
Nonspore
formin
g
Rod
Indicat
or fecal
contam
ination
Comm
on
comme
nsal
organis
m in
gut
(non
pathog
enic)
5
species
:
enterotoxigen
ic

Huma
ns
Only

genic
only)

S.
Typhi
s.
paraty
phi A
and C

Intrace
llular
organi
smcausati
ve
agent
of
listerio
sis,
high
fatality

(ETEC)
Enteroinvasiv
e(EIEC)
Enteropathog
enic
(EPEC)
Enteroaggreg
ative
(EAEC)
Enterohemorr
agic
(EHEC)
Diffusiv
ely
adhere
nt
(DAEC)
Invad
es
coloni
c
epithe
lial
cells
(infla
me &
diarrh
ea)
Guilla

30%
Infect
adults:
oral
ingesti
on,
intesti
nal
mucos
al
penetr
ation
&
system
ic
infecti
on

nBarre
syndr
ome
(imm
une
media
ted
paraly
tic
disord
er
affecti
ng
perip
heral
nervo
us
syste
m)
Bacte
rial
lipopo
lysacchari
de
(LPS)
cause
s
immu
ne
respo
nse

Host
adapt
ed
serov
ars

s.galin
arum
(poultr
y)
s.
Dublin
(cattle)

Antig
en
determina
nts

Somati
c (O)LPS
outer
membr
ane
Flagell
a (H)
Capsul
ar (vi)
virulen

Soma
tic
antige
n- LPS
O
seroty
pe
Hflagell
a
Virule
nce
genes
: stx
PCR
Eae
(adhe
sion)
Hiy
(hem
olysin
)
Killed
via
paster
uization
and
cookin
g.
Conta
mination

Physi
ology

ce
antige
n
serovar
s typhi,
paraty
phi c
and
dublin
Temp:
2 54
C
Mesop
hilic
strains
to
therma
l stress
=
resista
nt
temp
mutant
s
Survive
freezin
g
temps
Adapti
ve
pH 6.5
9.5
Survive

may
occur
after
cookin
g but
before
packag
ing.
Temp
range:
2- 45C
(psych
otrophic
)
Faculta
tive,
microa
erophilic
Aw
0.93,
best
>0.97,
surviv
e 0.83
Tolerat
e high
conc
salt
(1012)

Affect
ed by
low
pH,
killed
@ pH
2.3
Surviv
e in
milk,
feces,
water
4C 3
weeks
freezi
ng
ve
20C
Remai
n
dorm
antVBNC

organic
acid
treatm
ents
Acid
Toleran
ce
Respon
d (ATR)

Hydrophilic
MO
Soil,
water,
animal
s
(asym
ptomatic
carrier
s)
Surviv
e in
refrige
ration
temp,
low
pH,
high
salt
conc
Form
biofilm
s
Able to
grow
2-4C,
temp
in
vaccu
m
packag

Metabolis
m

e, MAP
Fermen Found
t
in:
glucos uncook
e (x
ed
lactose meats
)
and
Faculta unpast
tive
euri(oxidati zed
ve
milk,
fermen food
tative) from
Optima UP
l temp milk,
37C
seafoo
Grow
d,
on
waffle,
citrate sausag
Produc e,
e H2S
ham,
Decarb milk,
oxicheese
lated
lysine
and
ornithi
ne
X
hydroly
ze urea

Select
ive
enrich
ment

Disea
se
syndr
ome

Tetrath
ionate
/
Rappa
port
vasillia
dis
broth
42C
24h
TSI:
lactose
,
sucros
e,
glucos
e
Typhoi
d fever

s.typhi
Entero
colitis
invade
host
cells
Onset:
8-72h
after
ingesti
on
No
blood

Incuba
tion
period:
9-48
hr GI
sympt
oms,
2-6
weeks
invasiv
e
diseas
e.

Sympt
oms:
menin
gitis,
pneum
onia,
septice
mia,
endoc
arditis
(adult)
Milder:
absces
ses,
skin
lesion,

Symp
toms:
Onset
3-5
days/
7-10
days
Abdo
minal
pain,
cramp
s,
diarrh
ea
(W/ or
W/out

diarrhe
a
Abdom
inal
pain
Selflimiting
Chroni
c:
reactiv
e
arthiriti
s
Infectio
us
dose
( 1001011)

conjun
ctivitis
Preggo
: still
birth,
new
born
death
after
birth

blood)
,
heada
che,
fever
Last
>1
week
Selflimitin
g
Mimic
appen
dicitis