Aiexandria University - Faculty of Engineering Department : Structural Engineering Course: Soil Mechanies-2 (Elective Course - 3), CE-386 Lecturers Prof. Dr. / Khaled Gaver and Prof. Dr. Hassan Abouseeda Students: ‘Third Year Civil Date June, 2015 Time: 3 Hours Final EXAM Question 1 (25%) (a) Compare between standard Proctor test and modified Proctor test, Calculate the compaction energy for the 1Wo tests. (>) Conipare between vibrotfotation, dynamic compaction, and blasting to compact a loose ‘granular soil in a construction site () The following ave given for a natural soil deposit: moist unit weight, y= 16.00 KNim’, water content, we = 14%, and Gs = 2.70. This soil is to be excavated and transported to a construction site fur use in a compacted fill. Ifthe specification requires that the soil is 10 be compacted to a minimun dey unit weight of 18.40 KN/m’ at the same water content, how many cubie meters of soil from the excavation site are needed to produce 40,000 m* ‘of compacted fill ? Question 2 (25%) (a) Explain the principles of pre-compression (pre-loading) of soil to minimize post- construction setttement of a building on a consolidated clayey layer. (be) A soft clay layer of 12.00 m depth is drained on one side. The following data are a for soft clay: Cy = 2.45 nv Ch= 4.00 entiyear, sine the time 1equired for 90% consolidation, in ease of without sand drains. 4. Determine the time required to achieve 90% consclidation, in case of using sand drains of 400 mnt diameter and arranged in a square grid of 2.65 m spacing, Determine the time required to achieve 90% consolidation, in case of using prefabricated verticat drains (PVD) of 26 min hy 225.4 mm ancl arranged in a square grid of 240 m spacing lable ‘Question 3 (25%) (a) rawr neat sketches to show the following: surface dewatering, well-point system, and deep wells, (6) A-construction site, of dimensions 30.00 m x 45.00 1n, will be excavated to 2 depth of 7.00 1m below the existitg ground surface, Site investigation showed that the exeavation will be ‘carried out in a clay layer of 13.00 m thick which overlies a 12.00 m layer of sand. The sand layer has impervious layer below. The saturated unit weight of clay is 17 kN/ta’. The initial GW'T was found t0 be at depth 3.00 m below the eround surface. The coefficient of permeability of sand is 2.5.x 10 msec 1. Calculate the level to which GWT must be lowered to provide a factor of safety of 1.50 ainst ground heave and to satisfy water level is at depth of not less than 0.50 m below 1e excavation level Design a dewatering system to lowor GWT to the target level using fully penetrating deep wells, Each weil will be provided by @ pump of operating capacity 15 liter! see. 3. If a footing is 70 mi far trom the center of the proposed excavation. determine the vertical stress increase under the footing due to dewatering operation.«) oy jon 4 (25%) Explain with neat sketches the difference between the free head pile and the fixed head pile. Draw a typical diggram for each of the following: shear force diagram, diagram -lateral displacement diagraun Explain in detail how to calculate latwial displacements using # structural finite element analysis software, Stress on the following poinv: © Choice of soil parameters for the model Flement spacing and its elation to soil parameters ¢ Boundary conditions of elements av be used, For Ux% = 60% Te = OVA). (Us% i 1007, For Ute 2 80% T. = 1.781 = 0.933 log (100 Us %) 1 (let) = Fes (C0 Je) 1-L. (Gavia For square pattem sand drains, R=0.5648, For triangular pattern sand drains, R=0.525S, For contined aqaiter: Dk.thy hy Y/ 5°) For unconfined aquifer; q— aek.thy! By fli 2). OOOH = hale Consolidation, Uy, (2) Lh J U 0.004 Oot 0.04 oe 040 10 Time factor, T,Alexandria University Elective 3: Design of concrete bridges Faculty of Engineering June 2015 Civil Eng. Dept., 3 year. ‘Time allowec hours. Materials to be used Concrete: f,=45 Nimm’, f,,-38Ninm? Steel: f,,=1450 Nimoy. jf,71700 Némm? Reinforcing steel for stirrups: st. 240/350 Any required dala. that is not given, may be reasonably assumed. Question 1: ‘The given figure shows the main dimensions of a simply supported prestressed beam, Bonded strands (4p571800mm*) are sequentially: post-tensioned to apply a transferred prestressing force (P,=2000kN), ie The estimated anchorage slip is (4.4mm). ‘The C.G. of the parabolic prestressing tendon is shown in the ee ee figure. Fixed stiff steel ducts are used. The beam is subjected to uniformly distributed superimposed loads, (472 1SkN/m and wp,=8kN/m) in addition to its own 50%) © of pressing weight. The time dependent presiress losses are 20% of 7 gf the initial prestressing force (P). You are required to | * calcul | bel ‘a. The immediate prestress losses gig Bee b. The required shear reinforcement at the critical | 7 spay ital section ae ec. The ultimate flexural strength of the beam | a . i Bem cross section at mid-span Question 2: (20%) ‘A pre-tensioned prestressed concrete prismatic bridge beam with variable eccentricity tendon is simply supported over a 12 m span, The beam is subjected to superimposed dead Joad wpe8 KN/m (in addition to the own weight of the beam) and five load w;,=12 kN/m, The time dependent prestress losses are 20% of the initial prestressing force (P,). ‘You are required to speci! a suitable concrete cross section for the beam and calculate the magnitude of the required initial presteessing force (P,) and its eccentricity (¢) given that the beans has a symmetrical I scetion Question 3: 30%) The roof of « building is constructed using, prestressed inverted T-beams (case B) CG. of spaced at 2.0m center to center. The roof Precast beam slab is situ cast unshared reinforced 7 conerete (150mm, f/,-25Nimni, CGof ce SN/mm’). The weight of the roof prestressi prestressed beam covering material is (1.5kN/m?) and the roof is subjected to live load (rp=2kNin’). The beams are simply supported (Z="12.0m). The given figure page | of 4shows the main dimensions of the selected precast conerete beams and topping skub. The geometric properties of the cross section of the preeast beam are (4-200 1mm? and /.=15%10°mm'). The beams are pretensioned using straight wires (P=1800KN for each beam). The time dependent losses may be assumed 15% of the transferred prestressing force. You are required (© a. Check the stresses at mid span in the prestressed beams and floor slab both at transfer and at service foad. b. Calculate the maximum live load that can be carried by the roof considering the concrete stress limits. Best wishes: Data sheet si of iitial tensioning before time depen fact cercep, shrinkage, or relaxation have occurred (At Transfer) at Toa produced "| 1, Maximam compre 3 Maximum tensile sivess excopt as permitted in) item me \ ia all prestressed losses mpressivie suess di 1 prose pls sustained loads Biase die pies ssed 2 Maximum vores TES Ta We conapiaed Fane Case Ax Zeno tensile zone Case B 0.44 fF, casec. 0.00f, SAN frum? Case D- 0.8545 | | | pave 2 of 4Pe) gaya deal Shs (€gUH8! yy) Uta ola 5 Letnall Gbid) ghd yay! ely dani AS 18 ay elt os! pear a fey=30 N/mm? 3 jyaall pia ge Gad (OO /PN 6 AS) Legal lle aaa a ply gybacll * (Pe/Tts M8.) ge edha Ga OLS * IY aad Lp a ath Msn ae pgm slag g Label dia ll aS g Saal ag aay ce WETTED pe oe ol (%Y-) = «(RAS Aplane S}B YN Seas asl Ub} 5 Em DASE spay SyaS Coy Lam Sl Ala cabs ga quingll cuba ort Ace lady gubath Joby GLISH y Spb! qual ye ya galecll ali Milde y age stay pas alae! 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The numbers of pages of this exam are THREE pages only. ! ase answer all the following questions (You may assume any missing data) (os ake Doe a og les J gy at a pA a i Katt en) Question (1) (2 a) Explain using neat sketches the different types of anchorages that can be used to suppott ties in anchored sheet piled walls. b) For an anchored sheet pile of free-end support, shown in figure (1), itis required to 1. Caloulate the penetration depth (D), and determine the total length of the sheet pile, 2. Determine the required section modulus of the sheet pile, 3, Design the steel ties (diameter and length), and 4. Check the suitability of a plain concrete block of 1.00 x 1.00 x 1.00 m to support the tie. = 25 KN! Question (2) (20% ‘A circuiar footing of diameter 2m resting in a bed of sand of thickness dm, at depth 2m where GWT exists. The sand overlies a clay layer of 2m thickness. The sand has the following properties: Ysu = 2.0 tim®, @ = 30’, Ne=30, Na=18, N, and the clay has the following properties: ysot = 1.8 tm®, c= 2.0 tim’, C.=0.10,It is required to calculate the column load to satisty the two foliowing cor a) Factor of safety 3.0 against shear failure. b) Consolidation settlement § om Question (3) (2 a) Explain how to perform a pile load test, and what are the conditions required to accept the pile load? | b) Nine piles group of square pattern 3x3 spaced at 1.5m, each pile is a circular | reinforced concrete pile of diameter 0.5m and its length ts 20m. Piles are driven into @ sandy soil of yon: = 1.5 Ym, $= 20°, and Ny=30. Its roquired to:- 1- Caloulate the allowable group capacity. 2+ While performing a pile load test on the corer pile in the group it failea, redistribute the new group loads on each pile and check the maximury and minitaum loads. 3 Hthe maximum load on the pile is not safe suggest a suitable solution i Question (4) (20% For the foundation system shown in figure (1), Caloulate the following: a) Pile Loads. b) Geometric design of the foundation system. ©) Structural design. d) Sketch the reinforcement. 4 [P1= 2000 kN oe | 2 30.0x 80.0 em (2 2500 kN | yf |30.0 x 80.0. em! Figure (1) Parameters: | aire: = 150 kNim? K: = 9.225 , Ke = 1706, qenesr = 450 kNIM?, qpincn = 990 KN/m®, and dim= Ki (M /b)'? (Where M in kg.cm (kN.m x 16%), b in cm) ‘Question (5) (20%) Check stability and dimensions of the gravity wall shown in Figure. Given: Safety factor against sliding = 150 Safety factor against overturning 20 Safety factor for Bearing capacity 2.50 | Qe: 400 Kivi | Allowable concrete strength in compression = 4000 kN/m? Allowable conerete strenati in tension = 400 kNim?Sand y= 18 kN/m? =0.6m “A {H/10) # B=(2/5- 2/3) H= 3.2m > Best wishes, Exam committee: ver, Prof. Dr. Hassan Abousceda, and Prof. Dr. Amr ELWakilAa ee CF et 4 2) Jai Sigal pial sega galioy A ABET 5 4 Sagal Qu AUN Ghee Gale b tial Sh ren Sal lol gh URL Maly Sse Yaya gst -i rome gill lal ay Cop pt gil ale 2s (a2) ith at my files! ALLY! 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It is required to write a brief (44) technical report to your chief engineer (24445) trying to convince (¢) him to demolish the building, (Write in both Arabic and English in not more than half a page for each) a) A multi-storey building of 8 floors. b) The columns are typically 30x80 em. ©) The beams are typically 20x70 em d) The slabs are 14 em thick. ) Most columns, slabs, and beatns experience severe corrosion (este hoe Ge Ale5) (cracks exist in most structural elements). 1) Parts of the slabs have excessive (ai deflection. 4g) There exist diagonal cracks in the walls (suspicion (&4 ) of uneven settlement) | (Do not forget the elements of technical writing: (Audience, purpose, Style, flow, and organization) a y CELT Gast fd Sa ayy oe Lt ol ed a (CA) ia 3) gett ahead S390) Bram Fala ghar [gel y dea Oe dal oAV rypaella 4 patos Haag Lea te oleae YS cata! 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Gladys panes dad gill gael het od lap (0.F.R = 20-40 m'/m’/day ~ D.1 = (2-4) hr- O.F.W =450 m’/m/day- O.LR = 60 = 180 gm BOD/m’/day - H.LLR = 2- 4.5 m’/m?/day - O.LR = 406 - 110 gm BOD/m’/day - H.L.R = 10-25 m?/m’/day) haga Ve) pial yet! Hig jal) BS peg Olas age SSH Clase Jae BC = aa a ee pases Gb nad Baal! gg (ABs Ja anal! Gia Inline Abas 1 AS steal oye Gb Mallat yall 555 IS 1) Ayla Saal Aten Glaayy pe Gass poate Ye Gas gy fa bo ly gant dy tye Vg Sle aly sal cat Gage Te = S pgp eee Raa SSISM cd pall CUS g Sle YT hy led as Oe Se aba gala Spent) Jana al gli gjleall ote A tllene BOD 350 168 7 GU cil tal Sulgpagll g expand) Dally gl 9 Al Coe (O.F.R = 20-40 m*/m’/day ~ D.T = (2-4) hr- O.F.W =450 m'imiday- O.L.R = 60 = 180 gm BOD/m’/day - H.LR = 2- 4.5 m’/m*/day)Hy LAS Gala — aig ls opine IG Ha 2O1S att pet Aig Slate! igacat Leaigth aad EL 3: ALN aj Ayawall Ansaigt} 50 aslgl ce pall Abie ay path abe ca pall Gye p09) ME aes gin ols Mats Des 1 pegllaally ISN peel Ce M1 iad Saal) ole Aaa y baw ge ABS 15 Ue) Gay De Chad yall uae aad 6 Geil Jane Go Fiat eal at a pga A Ua gees Cola yall sat A Aa yt gall AG anand SNghS Uk Cte gap My Gta Quen Blea Gee Gell Gb Get Lett aust win ds {Se420) 2th (uy aay IN a7 __osy ae is 4 7 77 | thw nan bow ’ < 1 (0.00) Tha ie Tha CSUR GS 13) Gouda SyeUAll de ghia papell A Ga! peel Sle) Lg Aa8Ss Linatiy Rous 200000 Ansal! ala gy Lele ysis plus od yt Ayal) Gla Apally GALI Guo GLa! LAU CliLeal auc Maeall Gueiall 27 100 Gal aval) apa ila Agua 98 GB gdp Mla OL Jal! CAS 13) aad 5g Ay gaat sled gg) Slats paso (ipg2 10) 2020 Spat) Bl gan gh US Digan] SN ane Gat Sy (eS 2 Lied) Gad 500000 tans Hasad 14h. 16h] 16h-18n] fenambonzn Time (hours) [0h-2h! 2h-4h 4. | onsh 8h-10h fOh-12H 12-14] consumption ratio] 2. | 9 | 5 | I OS le ate gE 2G han le ul Sin ial) ghd) Sle Jay ad Guay) gil Jane bugis GIS Gigli! Ce JS apes Mla YS tl Sa ee clo 8 al AY 58150 aly! 2 atlAlexandria University Third Year Civil Eng Faculty of Engineering 12 une 2015 Irrigation & Hydraulics Dept Time Allowed 3 hrs. tion Structures (1) = She SW 1g Ge! Question No.1 (25 degrees ) J--It is required to make hydraulic design of the reinforced concrete two vents box culvert constructed on the canal cross section shown in figure (1), and check of heading up if entrance and exit wing walls are of the broken type, neglect rack losses. 2.--Calculate vertical and lateral loads acting on the culvert (1= 400m, 8 tim’, Live loads is the tanker 60 & 30 ton, and ~ 36"), Question No.2 (25 degrees ) 1---For the two cross sections shown in figures ( 2& 3 ), suggest the water crossing structure constructed of steel pipes and draw section elevation showing levels and dimensions. ( dhipe~ 1.0m, Be = 1.8 vin’ and =30° ). 2---Calculate upstream water level, if U.S and D.S. wing walls of the box type, negleet rack losses. 3---Design the pipe thickness( {=1000 kg / em’, LL level }. "7 2vim" on the road Question No.3 (15 degrees ) ‘An open trough aqueduct has an internal bed width of 2.5 mand constructed ona canal shown in figure ( 4 } to pass a discharge 6 m’/see, Walls at inlet and exit are of the broken type. Manning coefficient ~ 0.015, and length of the aqueduct is 25 ms. It is required to calcwlate upstream water level. Question No.4 (25 degrees ) Figure (5 ) shows a longitudinal section of a clear over fall weir based on a homogenous isotropic pervious foundation. Sketch out the flow net and carry out the following: 1---Find the distribution of the uplift pressure along the subsurface contour of the floor, ind the distribution of the exit gradient along the exit face. Calculate the seepage discharge beneath the floor in m'/day/m, 4---Check the safety against piping and heave phenomena if the foundation soil is medium sand, where the safe exit gradient value is 0.17. page 1/3Question No.5 (15 degrees. For the counterfort reinforced concrete retaining wall shown in figure ( 6 ), it is required to Design the vertical and horizontal slabs, the counterfort and sketch out the main reinforcement. ( S= 4m, countertort thickness = 0.3m, P = 0.88, £= 1800 kg fem’, R= 65 kg fem?, k= 0.316 and k= 1584 ). Vernal = 0-658 wt [sec Figure C1) C-S-DS- eA y (#-00) 7 Je Vas. = 0-5 1 /5ec, vv Figure (2) C-S-D-3- NSH i 10" y { (8-50) | ( 2 7 C400) Vases} [Sec Figure (3 ) ¢.8-D-S- Page 2/3Timpervans seatunn Figure (5 ) 9 a a LL s0-5 L/m2 4 v3.00) p=30 Yo = 8 t/a Fre 25 Yme Counterfort” Retaining wal pls p36 oy Figure ( 6) fizl3-89 af FETE TTEAA + tort bm? Comp. Comp- page 3/3Alexandria University Third Year Civil Eng. Faculty of Engineering June 2015 Irrigation & Hydraulics Dep. Time Allowed 3 hrs Final Term Exam Hydraulic Structures Question Ni A) Using neat sketches, state the different types of canal escapes. B } For the canal and drain cross sections shown in figure (1 }, it is required to design the circular escape well and the outlet pipe of the tail escape, if the maximum canal discharge equals 4.5 m’/sec., the discharge that can be escaped automatically to the drain is 25% of the maximum canal discharge, the length of the last reach of the canal = 2.5 km, and emptying time of the last reach = 24 hrs. C ) Draw neat sketches showing plan (H.E.R.) and longitudinal section of the tail escape. Question No. 2 For the weir cross section D.S. shown in figure ( 2 ), it is required to draw with calculations the following: A) Uplift pressure acting on the floor, B ) Net stress acting on soil, C} Bending moment acting on the floor, D) Check the floor thickness, and E ) Design the vertical member showing position of the main reinforcement. Question No. 3 For the counterfort reinforced concrete retaining wall shown in figure (3 }, it is required to design the vertical and horizontal slabs, the counterfort and sketch out the main reinforcement. ( S=4m, counterfoprt thickness = 0.3m, = 0.88, f,21800kg/cm?, k; = 0.316 and k; = 1584 )5.0m 10.0m a (8.00) (8.00) x ded : e “7 6.00) G8 ce Canal cross section 2.0m Drain cross section Figure (1) (8-00) freee ——. 8 = ua | l¥e=t8 ths sy (0:50) | i (0.00) Figure (2)D) ps 30 Yo =sB t/a? Bre. = 2-5 tm xieee) Counterfort: Retaining well x . aS a Figure C3 ) =13-89 = 10th fa? Fapsasyel TTT TET = to tin Question No. 4 ‘A pump station is to be constructed to lift irrigation water of a canal. The passing discharge through the canal is 30 m’/s. The full data of the canal at the pump station are given in the following table: the pump S the pump Ground level 21.00 21.00 Road Level 18.50 22.00 Berm level 17.50 21.50 Bed Level 13.00 17.00 Water level 17.00 21.00 Bed width 8.0 8.0 Side slopes 2:1 21 Itis required to: i. Give the full hydraulic design of the pump station intake, According to Figure (4), which type of pumps do you recommend, and - Draw a neat sketch showing all levels and dimensions for a Jongitudinal section through the pump station. 1000 100 | 10 fs Pumping bead (m) Power (kW) on 0.0001 0.001 0.01 ot 1 10 Flow (m¥/s) Figure (4) Sclection of pump typeAlexandria University Academic Year 2014-2015 Faculty of Engineering 39 Year Civil Eng. Civil Engineering Dept. i Final Term Exam Wednesday, 17" June, 2015 Time Allowed 3 Hours (Assume any missing data] Question (1): (20%) Define strength, stiffness and durability of a pipe What is the difference between rigid and flexible pipes? Prove that the celerity of a surge wave, a, in rigid pipes is; a= \K/p; where K is the bulk modulus of elasticity of liquid Draw the relationship between the pressure head variation at the valve verses time at the mid-length of the pipe following an instantaneous valve closure located at the downstream end of a pipeline Question (2): (80%) A steel pressure pipeline is buried in a trench and is used to convey 0.2 m3/s of irrigation water against a static head of 50 m. The following data are avaitable: «The total length of the pipeline is 4 km. Minor losses may be assumed 20% of the friction losses. The capital cost of steel pipeline is 15000 poundsiton. + Water will be pumped 16 hrs/day and 360 days/yr. * The cost of electrical energy is 0.35 pounds/kWh. © Cost of the pump is 450 pounds/kW. The overall efficiency of the pumping unit is 80%, The inertia of the pump-motor parts, WR?, equals to 25 kg.m?. The speed of the rotating part of the pump is 1680 rpm. * Friction factor, f, is constant and equals to 0.014. + Capital recovery factor for the pipeline or the pump is 0.15 ‘+ The available pipes in the markets are 12 m long each with inner diameters, d, equal to 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 m Bulk modulus of elasticity of water is 2.2x10* kgiom?, while that of the steel is 2.4x108 kg/cm?. Poisson's ratio is 0.3. The yield stress of steel is 2400 kg/cm? * The pipe has expansion joints throughout its length * The maximum allowed pressure in the pipeline is 80 m. ‘+ Unit weight of the soil is 1.9 Um?, The ratio of active lateral unit pressure to vertical unit pressure is 0.33, the angle of internal friction is 30° and the trench width, Br, is two times the pipe diameter. The fill height is 1.5 m. + The live load coefficient, Cs is 0.76. Considering the above data, it is required to: A. Find the economical diameter of the pipeline (assume t = 0.01 d) B. For the case of 0.4 m diameter pipe: |. Find the actual thickness needed to resist the maximum internal and external pressures if the distributed live load may be assumed equal to 2.5 Um? and the| impact factor is 2.0 Determine the maximum rise and drop in head at the pump location and at the| Jength of the pipe due to the pump power failure. Is the pipeline safe against Page 1 of 3the maximum rise in head or not, why? What is the effect of using a flywheel on the maximum rise and drop in head. IIL. If it is required to install an un-throttled air chamber to protect the pipeline from] water hammer effects, What should be the size of the air chamber. Some Useful Equations: Marston's Fill load / unit length: aeenthu (ty/Be) W, = ypCaBe d C= Marston's live load / unit length: For Sudden Valve Closure: 4h = “av GP eeeitea re 6_ tee For Pump Power Failure: p = = 0.8473 x 10° ee Bate ; i any, \Ht2 Chamber. 9° = Tn ) TH TT Ul z Te | (coe ay As i i AT er Poot PTT : ay 1 : Uy o : pas T i i i vesunae at t Pe Sea : te Parmakian curves for pump failure Best Wishes and Good Luck ,,, Dr. Mohamed Elkholy and Dr. Haytham Awad Page 2 of 3psurge at pump. U Downsurge Downsurge at pump Maximum upsurge and downsurge in a discharge line having an air chamber (After Ruus, 1977) Page 3 of 3Mevandria University Faculty of Enginecvinyg Structural Engineering Dept. Secoud Semester 2014 CE 416 Steel Structures (3} The following figure shows a signbosrt of dimensions 15.00 4 4.50 meters, Ube nrbvatd is supperted on 4 horizontal beams and the horigomtl bean ahs supported 4 columns as shown on figure The cross sections of the beams and columns are showa on fi Dai wre + Consider only wind load action = Neglect own weight uf ste] seotio = Basic wind pressure. 4 = 10h Voral sind load factor, Cy =12 Assume any extra data you may need, Required: V Cheek the salty of horizontal beant (A) nat avis (BH se and weight of siguboard, mm Cheek the sutety of colt Question (2) For the same structure of qoestiv D: wo nd load action Consider only own weight of steel svetions amd wei roa a ~ Ossn weight of horizontal beam (AY = 1) hyn ~ Own weight of column section Wkgin + Weight of signbaard 10) ky’ = Assuine loads act exactly al C.G of seetions, negleet any. mente Assume any esta data you may need. eh ams Cheek the safety of horizontal beam U4) (20% 4, Cheek the safety of column at anis (BY ep Try to configure the connection of beam to column. § is not twgitized to design it: still itis required to draw clear sketches for the connection in 3 views, 18%)SECTION OF VERTICAL ss ogee SECTONIL,Alexandria University Elective 3: Design of concrete bridges Faculty of Engineering Final exam, May 2015 ( ay = (OOS JE +E) NS mmr Ve My Where: Qu Sea = 0.24, fe u, 1? fae oy te en man = 9.3 oma = 075 SAS Ni ameAllowable stresses for concrete: | AC the time of initial tensioning before time dependent losses prod cacep, shrinkage, or relaxation have occurred (At Transfer) I Maximum compressive ste 1a iaximiom’ tensile stress except-as permitted Ta item 3 scurred (AM Service Loads) Maximum compressive stress due to prestressed |_ alas stands 2. Maximum compressive stress due to prestressed plus total loads imum (ensile sues in pre-compressed zone tensile zone Case B- 0.44) F, Case C- 0.60.07 SAN Jn? Case D- 0.85 ff where Jou 18 the concrete characteristic strength at the time of transfer (N/mm? ) “fw is the concrete characteristic strength at service load (N/mm ).Alexandria University Academic Year 2014-2015 Faculty of Engineering 3° Year Civil Eng. Civil Engineering Dept. Final Term Exam Sunday, 31% May, 2015 Time Allowed 3 Hours Elective Course 4 - CE 325: Design of Pipelines Networks cite Bay) 3) Bi Ga (Assume any missing data) Question (1): (10 marks) A steel pressure pipeline of length 20 km is to convey 1.00 m*/sec of irrigation water against a static head of 40 meters. The sum of minor losses coefficients is 30. The total capital cost of the steel pipeline is 12000 poundsiton. Water will be pumped 15 hours per day and 360 days per year. The cost of electrical energy is 0.35 pounds/kWh. Overall efficiency of pumping station is 75%. The friction factor (f) is assumed to have a constant value of 0.015. The following table gives the wall thickness for the available four different steel pipelines. Pipe diameter inmeter __—'|_0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 Pipe wall thickness in mm 7 8 9 10 Neglecting the capital cost of the pumping station, and considering recovery factor for the pipeline = 0.125, find the economical diameter of the pipeline. Arrange your answer in a table. The unit weight of steel is 7.85 tm* Question (2): (10 marks) ‘A. What is the meant by each of the following terms in water industry: () performance indicators, (i) pressure management, and (ii) leakage management. B. Determine the thickness of a steel pipeline of internal diameter 1.20 meter. The height of fill above pipe = 2.5 m, y =,1.8 tm’, working pressure = 10.0 kg/cm? water hammer pressure = 3.0 kg/cm’, yield stress for steel 37 = 2400 kg/cm’, factor of safety = 2.0, deflection lag factor = 1.25, bedding constant = 0.10, modulus of elasticity of steel = 2.10x10° kg/cm’, modulus of soil reaction = 30 kgicm? and the allowable pipe deflection = 3%. Check the allowable pipe deflection Question (3): (10 marks) ‘A. What are the main usage of the following type of valves in water supply netwrorks: (i) PBY, (ii) PSV, (ii)JPRV, (iv)FCV, (v) TCV, (vi) MPV B. The water supply network shown in Figure (1) has a single source at 170 m fixed head and 6 pipes arranged in two loops. All pipes (Except pipe 3-4) are 1000 m long with an assumed fixed Hazen-Williams coefficient of 130 and constant diameter of 30 cm. Pipe 3-4 length, Hazen-Williams coefficient and diameter are 1414 m, 120, and 25 cm, respectively. The node data for this network are ‘summarized in Table (1). Using EPAnet® software, it is required to: (i) Choose one of the following discharge dimensions to simulate nodal demands| and different pipe discharges: CFS, GPM, MGD, IMGD, AFD, LPS, LPM, MLD, CMH, and CMD. (ii) Choose the head loss formula from the following: (D-W), (H-W), and (C-M), (iii) Explain in steps how you will enter the data of different network elements. Table (1) Node data k Node 41 [2;3]4]5 Demand (mh) | 2? 400] 400 | 120/270 Ground level (m)) 150 [110] 120| 145/110 Figure (1) Page 1 of 4Question (4): (14 marks) A. Draw sketches showing the sequence of events following sudden valve closure for a frictionless piping system shown in Figure (2) for different time imervals, t= L/a, 2L/a, 3L/a and 4 La. Where a is the celerity of the Figure (2) surge wave. A copper pipe with diameter = 0.2 m (E = 120 x 10° Pa, 1 = 0.34) having a wall thickness of 25 mm is conveying kerosene oil at 20°C (K = 1.32 = 10° Pa, p= 804 kg/m’) from a container to a valve with a flow rate of 45 liter/sec. If the valve is closed suddenly, at what velocity would the pressure waves propagate in the pipe. Assume the pipe is totally fixed. What is the pressure head rise in this case Question (5): (12 marks) A pump is conveying water with a flow rate of 0.8 m’/s in a steel! pipeline 0.9 m in diameter, 1000 m long, The rated pump head equals to 64 m, the inertia of the pump-motor parts, WR® equals to 20 kg.m? and the pump is rotating with a speed of 1680 rpm. Determine the maximum rise and drop in head at the pump location due to pump power failure. Assume any missing data. What is the effect of using a flywheel on the maximum rise and drop in head. Question (6): (14 marks) ‘A. Explain with sketches six different methods used to protect pipelines from water hammer. B. A pipeline having a pump at its upstream end followed by an air chamber (Kor = 0.2) is used to convey 150 lis of water against a static head equals to 41 m. The pipeline is 0.4 m in diameter, 10 km long, with friction factor equal to 0.017 and the calculated wave speed is 1216 mis. if the maximum allowed pressure in the pipeline is 9 atm (1 atm = 10.33 tim’). Considering the above conditions, determine the size of the air chamber. Useful Equations and Charts Db KW 18x Ww, x =0.24xw, . dv =D ———_—_ Hee latte For Sudden Valve Closure: Ah _ av 6 For Pump Power Failure: p = =>. Ky = 0.4473 x 10° av For Air Chamber. p* = Te (Hoi ty, > Good Luck and Best wishes. Dr. Mohamed El-Kholy and Dr. Haytham M. Awad Page 2 of 4A Ul soon oe Parmakian curves for pump failure & evaNET 2 Fle Eat Vow Prclect Repat Whew Help Dees wxe G ikem k EQ HOSGTEMT Network Mop é eveaer pase ts Nowe - m ‘veowarte astree 9 an ea ‘tealon uretions flaretians lReservoxs oe-cascogy- Un ete Svc Oy Contois uy a Pssue te ax@ ae Gay EPAnet Tables Page 3 of 48 | ' Russ curves for sizing air chambers Page 4 of 4Third year Civil Eng. June 2015 Time Allowed (3.0 hours) Alexandria University Faculty of Engineering Irrigation & Hydraulies Dept. Final Term Exam Design of Irrigation Structures (1) Assume any reasonable data according to the given lectures ENEMA cy gM Sa pan Bale (gb LBS) ght Regl Aba) Ub Question No.1 G40 Marks) It is requited fo construct a R.C. one vent culvert on the canal cross section shown in Figure (1), if the passing discharge = 8 m’/sec. At is required to: 1- Design the culvert dimensions (2m/sec > Yea! > 1.6mr/sec), 2- Check of heading up, 3+ Design the culvert thickness if moments at sections 1, Il, II, IV equal as WS SUS! gst for vertical loads and equal “£2, =e" =eH" g ei horizontal loads, respectively. 4- Draw plan and section elevation of the culvert exit_only showing levels and dimensions. 3.0m 50m 658) | ‘ta | 290) (230) ' 1 : i Coo sm 15m t QL, Mi Vv 20m ICE osm I WK MM Hee a a Tanker 60 or 30 ton Figure (1) Question No. 2 (25 Marks) tis required to construct a R.C. Open Trough Aqueduct to pass discharge of the branch canal. Cross section of branch canal and main drain are shown in Figure (2). It is required to: 1. Give fll hydraulic design of the Open Trough R.C. Aqueduct, 2 Compute the maximum moment and normal force for upper slab, side beams, and lower slab in cross section, and 3- Describe, without calculations, step by step procedure that you will adopt for design of plain conerete supports of Aqueduct. Page 1 of 36.0m 12.0m (13.50) (12,50) D.S. Cross section of main drain 4.0m 6.0m (12.50) (12.00) Veanat = 0.6 m/sec B=3.0m D.S. Cross section of branch canal Figure (2) uestion No. 3 (25 Marks) Figure (3) shows a longitudinal section of a control Regulator based on homogeneous isotropic sandy soil Itis required to: a. Draw the flow net of seepage flow, then find the distribution of the potential head along the subsurface contour of the floor, Find the seepage discharge under the floor (derive the used expression), Check the given floor thickness against uplift using Bligh’s method, yr= 2.5 ton/m? 4. Draw the distribution of factor of safety against piping along the exit face, and determine the required length to be protected. (7.50) 6.50) Lye (6.00) — (0.00) fae (0.00) 5 LAL E s 3 7.50) | I 3.0m 24.0m 8.0m 7.6m 0.5m (23.00) Figure (3) Page 2 of 3Question No. 4 (15 Marks) A clear over fall weir of the Fayum type is to be constructed at a canal drop, The passing discharge is 7.25 m*/s. The full data of the canal at the weir site are given in following table, Water level Bed level Bed width Side slopes Road Level 13.00 Berm Level 11.50 ‘The soil properties at the weir site are: yyy = 1.7 tm’, $=30°, soil bearing capacity=1.5 kg/em’, and Bligh’s coefficient CB=14. Itis required to: i- Give the full hydraulic design of the weir, Check the weir floor thickness at section (A-A) shown in Figure (4), and Draw a neat sketch showing all levels and dimensions for a longitudinal section through ii the weir eres bo KKK A Prof. Dr. Mohamed Abd El-Razek M. Rezk Dr. Zakaria Shuloma Dr. Amr Elsayed Fleifle Dr. Mohamed R. Soli Page 3 of 3