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Title X is the only federal program dedicated solely to the provision of family
planning and related preventive services. The Office of Population Affairs
(OPA) administers the Title X program and serves as the focal point to advise
the Secretary and the Assistant Secretary for Health on a wide range of
reproductive health topics, including family planning, adolescent pregnancy,
sterilization and other population issues.

The Office of Population Affairs operates under the direction of the Deputy Assistant
Secretary for Population Affairs.

http://www.hhs.gov/opa/about-opa-and-initiatives/mission/

http://www.jstor.org/stable/1190757?seq=2

India Research
The Five Year Plan

China and Eugenics

Chinas One Child Policy
Chinas one child policy was introduced in 1979 (Xing and Hesketh). At the time it was
introduced China accounted for 25 percent of the worlds population (Xing and Hesketh). Two
thirds of the population was in their reproductive years, this was led by the baby boomers of the

1950s and 1960 (Xing and Hesketh). The policy was also introduced for market reasons (Xing
and Hesketh).
The actual policy consists of a set of rules and regulations regarding how many children a family
can have, marriages, childbearing and other family related issues (Xing and Hesketh). There are
a few exceptions, such as when the first child a family has is handicapped, if both parents are
engaged in high risk work and lastly a family can have more than one child if they are from one
child families (Xing and Hesketh). In non-urban areas a second child is allowed after a couple of
years and multiple children are allowed in heavily under populated areas (Xing and Hesketh).
The policy has led to a vast number of abortions and use of contraception. An estimated 87
percent of women in china use contraception, compared to one-third developing countries (Xing
and Hesketh). Developing countries are the driver of population growth. Abortions usually occur
because contraception fails and women fear punishment for breaking the law (Xing and
Hesketh). The policy has resulted in Chinas population remaining stable a 1.2 billion people
(Xing and Hesketh). This stabilization is actually not completely a result of the One Child policy
(Xing and Hesketh).
Source: Hesketh, Therese, and Li Lu. "The Effect of China's One-Child Family Policy after 25
Years NEJM." New England Journal of Medicine. Massachusetts Medical Society, 2005.
Web. 9 Oct. 2014.

Other Population Control Methods of China

China has also imposed some ethically questionable policies. As a result of the One Child Policy,
forced family planning has been in effect, even against peoples will (Bohon). This has been
enacted in the southern region of China (Bohon). In order to avoid birthing a child, women have

been forced to undergo sterilization and even have had IUD implanted in them to avoid
pregnancy (Bohon). An IUD is a T-shaped band inserted around the uterus to avoid pregnancy.
Source: Bohon, Dave. "New Campaign in China Forcing IUDs, Sterilization on Women, Report
Charges." The New American: That Freedom Shall Not Perish. The New American, 25 June
2013. Web. 30 Sept. 2014.

Eugenics
Eugenics is the idea that a country needs to control reproduction of certain groups in order to
support the rise of a superior races (American Life League). Eugenics was most notably used
in World War II. Adolf Hitler believed in killing off people that did not fit the blonde hair, blue
eye criteria (American Life League). Many historians and scientist believe that eugenics is still
practiced even after World War II (American Life League). Birth control was viewed as an
attempt to control certain populations, which was reinforced by the hysteria involving the
population explosion (American Life League). The practice of controlling populations can be
seen in many countries.
Source: Eugenics." American Bioethics Advisory Commission. American Life League, 1999.
Web. 14 Oct. 2014.