economic

"gold age" growth

Tng trng "thi k hong kim".

Hon tr trc.

"Great Leap Forward"

i nhy vt

S hnh thnh vn.

"internal" labuor market

"jelly" capital
"Lifeboat"
"Macmillan" gap
"stop-go"
Abatement cost
Ability to pay theory

Th trng lao ng ni vi.

Vn "mm do".
"Thuyn cu sinh".
L hng Macmillan.
"Hn ch - thc y".
Chi ph kim sot; chi ph chng ( nhim)
L thuyt v kh nng chi tr

"ct vo"
"ng tin xu ui ng tin tt".
"Hn ch - thc y".
"quy tri buc"
"Thuyn cu sinh".
(Biu th gi tr) bng tin.
(Cc loi) u vo b tr; Nhp lng b tr.

Advance refunding
Capital information (capital
formation?)
Peg-neo
Bad money drive out good
"stop-go"
Union shop
"Lifeboat"
Money terms
Complementary inputs

Abnormal profits

Li nhun d thng

(GDP) cn bng.

Balanced equilibrium (GDP)

Absentee landlord
Absenteeism
Absolute advantage

a ch (ch bt ng sn) cch bit

Trn vic, s ngh lm khng c l do
Li th tuyt i.

(Giai on) suy thoi; Khng hong kinh t.

(h thng) gi hai phn.
(Hin tng) chy mu cht xm

Slump
Tow-path tariffs
Brain drain

Absolute income hypothesis

Gi thuyt thu nhp tuyt i.

(IMF) - Qu tin t quc t.

International monetary Fund

Absolute monopoly

c quyn tuyt i.

(ISIC)-Phn loi Ngnh Cng nghip theo C1683Tiu

chun Quc t.

International Standard Industrial

Classification

Absolute scarcity

Khan him tuyt i .

(ITO) - T chc thng mi quc t.

International Trade Organization

Absorption approach

Phng php hp thu.

Abstinence

Nhn chi tiu.

(kinh t) nng nghip theo h gia nh; Nng nghip

theo n v gia nh.
(Ngun) ti chnh t bn ngoi.

Accelerated depreciation

Khu hao nhanh, khu hao gia tc.

(OAPEC) - T chc Cc nc rp xut khu du m.

Acceptance

chp nhn thanh ton.

(OPEC) - T chc cc nc xut khu du m.

Accepting house

Ngn hng nhn tr.

Accesion rate

T l gia tng lao ng.

(Phng n) trng ti ra quyt nh cui cng.

(Qui lut v) gi tr tho dng bin gim dn ca ti
sn/ca ci.

Accesions tax

Thu qu tng.

(Quy lut v) t l thay th bin gim dn.

Access/space trade - off model

M hnh nh i khng gian hay m hnh tip cn.

(Th trng) c quyn nhm bn

Oligopoly

(Th trng) c quyn nhm mua.

Oligopsony

Accommodating monetary policy Chnh sch tin t iu tit.

Page 1

Family-unit agriculture
External finance
Organization of Arab Petroleum
Exporting Countries
Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries
Final offer arbitration
Diminishing marginal utility of
wealth
Diminishing marginal rate of
substitution

economic

Accommodation transactions

Cc giao dch iu tit.

(thuc) ngoi sinh.

Exogenous

Account

Ti khon.

(Tnh trng) tt nh.

Second-best

Accounting price

Gi k ton.

(VES production function) - co gin kh bin ca hm Variable elasticity of substitution

sn xut thay th.
production function

Accrued expenses

Chi ph pht sinh (tnh trc).

1748-1832

Bentham,Jeremy

Accumulated depreciation

Khu hao tch lu.

ADR - Phiu gi tin M.

America Depository Receipt

Achieving Society, the.

X hi thnh t.

Ai phi chu thu.

Tax incident

Across-the-board tariff changes

Thay i thu quan ng lot.

ALF - Lin on lao ng M.

America Federation of Labuor

Active balance

D nghch.

nh hng ca s d tin thc/ hiu ng tin thc.

Real balance effect

Activity analysis

Phn tch hot ng.

nh hng ca thu nhp v nh hng ca thay th.

Income and substitution effect

Activity rate

T l lao ng.

Adaptive expectation

K vng thch nghi; k vng phng theo

Adding up problem

Vn cng tng.

Addition rule

Quy tc cng.

nh hng kinh t t bn ngoi; Tnh kinh t t bn

ngoi
nh hng kinh t v phi kinh t t bn ngoi theo quy
m.
nh hng phi kinh t t bn ngoi; Tnh phi kinh t t
bn ngoi
nh hng thu nhp ca lng.

Additional worker hypothesis

Gi thuyt cng nhn thm vo.

nh hng/Tc ng thay th ca tin cng.

Substitution effect of wages

Additive utility function

Address principle
Adjustable peg regime

Hm tho dng ph tr.

Nguyn l a ch.
Ch iu chnh hn ch.

ANOVA - Phn tch phng sai

o gic thu kho.
o tng v tin.

Adjustable peg system

H thng neo t gi hi oi c th iu chnh.

ASCS - Nha n nh v bo tn nng nghip.

Adjustment cost
Adjustment lag
Adjustment process
Administered prices

Chi ph iu chnh sn xut.

tr iu chnh.
Qu trnh iu chnh
Cc mc gi b qun ch.

AVC-Chi ph kh bin bnh qun.

Bc t do (df)
Bi cng "khng chnh thc"
Bi ton chuyn i.

Analysis of variance
Fiscal illusion
Money illusion
Agricultural Stabilization and
Conservation Service
Average variable cost
Degree of freedom
Wildcat strike
Transformation problem

Administrative lag

tr do hnh chnh

Bi ton hi quy gi.

Spurious regression problem

Advalorem tax
Advance

Thu theo gi tr.

Tin ng trc.

Bi ton kt ni.
Bi ton nhn dng.

Assignment problem
Identification problem

Page 2

External economy
External economies &
diseconomies of scale
External diseconomy
Income effect of wages

economic

Advance Corporation Tax (ACT)

Thu doanh nghip ng trc.

Bn bo co lung tin / ngn lu.

Cash flow statement

Advance refunding

Hon tr trc.

Ban iu hnh tin cng.

Wage boards

Advanced countries

Cc nc pht trin, cc nc i u.

Ban doanh nghip quc gia.

National Enterprise Board (NEB)

Adverse balance
Adverse selection
Adverse supply shock
Advertising
Advertising - sale ratio
Age-earning profile
Agency for International
Development
Agency shop
Agglomeration economies
Aggregate concentration
Aggregate demand
Aggregate demand curve
Aggregate demand shedule

Cn cn thm ht.
La chn tri ; La chn theo hng bt li.
C sc cung bt li.
Qung co.
T l doanh s-qung co.
Biu quan h thu nhp theo tui

Bn h gi trc.
Bn hng theo l
Bn l chng khon lin tc.
Bn l.
Bn ph gi th trng nc ngoi.
Bn ph gi.

Loss leader pricing

Commodity bundling
Tap issue
Retail
Reverse dumping
Dumping

C quan pht trin quc t.

Ban qun l / Hi ng qun tr.

Management board

Nghip on.
Tnh kinh t nh kt khi.
S tp trung gp.
Cu gp; Tng cu
ng cu gp; ng tng cu
Biu cu gp; Biu tng cu

Ban qun l.
Bn v la
Bn v tin t.
Bn v trao i bng vng.
Bn v vng.
Ban xet duyt chnh sch trung ng (CPRS).

Management
Dollar standard
Monetary standard
Gold exchange standard
Gold standard
Central policy Review Staff

Aggregate expenditure

Chi tiu gp.

Bng cn i (k ton/ti sn) hp nht.

Consolidated balance sheets

Aggregate income
Aggregate output

Thu nhp gp; Tng thu nhp

Sn lng gp.

Bng cn i ti sn.
Bng ng Rawls

Balance sheet
Rawlsian justice

Aggregate production function

Hm sn xut gp.

Bng pht sinh; Bng s c

Contingency table

Aggregate supply curve

Aggregation problem
Agrarian revolution
Agricultural earnings
Agricultural exports
Agricultural lag
Agricultural livies
Agricultural reform
Agricultural sector
Agricultural Stabilization and
Conservation Service
Agricultural subsidies
Agricultural Wage Boards

ng cung gp; ng tng cung.

Vn v php gp.
Cch mng nng nghip.
Cc khon thu t nng nghp.
Nng sn xut khu
tr ca nng nghip
Thu nng nghip.
Ci cch nng nghip.
Khu vc nng nghip.

Bng quan
Bng quan vi ri ro.
Bng sng ch.
Bo co Barlow.
Bo co Delors.
Bo co ti chnh.
Bo co thu nhp / Bn thu nhp.
Bo m tn dng.
Bo him

Indifference
Risk-neutrality
Patents
Barlow Report
Delors Report
Financial statement
Income statement
Credit guarantee
Insurance

ASCS - Nha n nh v bo tn nng nghip.

Bo him nh cng.

Strike insurance

Khon tr cp nng nghip.

Cc hi ng tin cng trong nng nghip.

Bo him xc nh
Bo h hu dng; Bo h hu hiu.

Assurance
Effective protection

Page 3

economic

Aid
Aitken estimator
Alienation
Allocate
Allocative efficiency
Allowance
Allowances and expences for
corporation tax
Allowances and expencess for
income tax
Almon lag
Alpha coeficient
Alternative technology
Altruism
Amalgamation

Vin tr
c lng s Aitken.
S tha ho
Phn b, n nh
Hiu qu phn b.
Phn tin tr cp.

Bo h v ci cch rung t.
Bo h, bo v; To vic lm (nhi lng nm).
Bo h.
Bo ho.
Bao thanh ton; mua n; Gii thot n.
Bt ng thc.

Land reform and tenure

Featherbedding
Protection
Satiation
Factoring
Inequality

Khu tr v chi ph vi thu cng ty.

By cn bng mc thp.

Low - level equilibrium trap

Khu tr v chi ph vi thu thu nhp.

By dn s.

Population trap

tr Almon.
H s Alpha
Cng ngh thay th.
Lng v tha.
S hp nht.

By ngho kh.
By tin mt; By thanh khon.
Bn tham gia; Hi chung vn.
B g ba.
Bin b sung v d tnh.

Poverty trap
Liquidity trap
Partnership
Hammered
Expectations, augmented

America Depository Receipt

ADR - Phiu gi tin M.

Bin dng

Distortions

America Federation of Labuor

ALF - Lin on lao ng M.

Bin

Amplitude

America selling price

Gi bn kiu M.

Bin c lp.

Independent variable

American Stock Exchange

S giao dch chng khon M (ASE hay AMEX).

Bin i Prais - Winsten.

Prais - Winsten

Amortization
Amplitude
Amtorg
Analysis (stats)
Analysis of variance
Anarchy
Anchor argument
Animal spirits

Chi tr tng k.
Bin
C quan mu dch thng tr ca Lin X.
Phn tch.
ANOVA - Phn tch phng sai
Tnh trng v chnh ph.
Lun im v ci neo.
Tinh thn by n; Tm l ha theo

Bin ng gi c.
Bin ng.
Bin gi.
Bin gii thch
Bin gin on
Bin la chn.
Bin ngu nhin.
Bin ngoi sinh.

Price volatility
Variation
Dummy variable
Explanatory variable
Discrete variable
Choice variable
Random variable
Exogenous variable

Annecy Round

Vng m phn Annecy.

Bin nhn tin gi B ti chnh.

Treasury Deposit Receipt (TDR)

Annual allowances
Annual capital charge

Min thu hng nm.

Chi ph vn hng nm.

Bin nh phn.
Bin ni sinh.

Binary variable
Endogenous variable

Annuity

Nin kim.

Bin ph ngn hn.

Short run variable costs (SVC)

Annuity market
Anomaliess pay

Th trng nin kim.

Tin tr cng bt thng.

Bin ph thuc (trong phn tch hi quy).

Bin s i din.

Regressand
Proxy variable

Page 4

economic

Anticipated inflation
Anti-export bias
Anti-trust
Appraisal
Appreciation
Appreciation (currency)

Lm pht c d tnh.
Thin lch / nh kin chng xut khu.
Chng lng on.
Thm nh.
S tng gi tr.
Tng gi.

Bin s gi.
Bin s lin tc
Bin s mang tnh dng chy.
Bin s ngu nhin.
Bin s ph thuc.
Bin s Z.

Dummy Variable
Continuous variable
Flow variable
Stochastic Variable
Dependent variable
Z variable

Appreciation and depreciation

Tng gi v gim gi tr.

Bin s.

Variable

Apprenticeship
Appropriate products
Appropriate technology
Appropriation account

Hc vic.
Cc sn phm thch hp.
Cng ngh thch hp.
Ti khon phn phi li.

Bin thng thng.

Bin trung gian
Biu cu
Biu cu gp; Biu tng cu

Approval voting

B phiu tn thnh; b phiu ph chun.

Biu cu mang tnh kinh t hc v m.

Apriori

Tin nghim.

Biu cu-gi.

Arbitrage

Kinh doanh da vo chnh lch gi; bun chng khon

Biu cung gp ngn hn.

Normal variable
Intermediate variables
Demand schedule
Aggregate demand shedule
Macroeconomics demand
schedule
Pseudo-demand schedule
Short run aggregate suply
schedule

Arbitrage

Kinh doanh da vo chnh lch t gi.

Biu chi ph cn bin ca vn.

Arbitration

Trng ti

Biu hiu sut bin ca vn.

Arc elasticity of demand

co gin hnh cung ca cu

Biu hiu sut cn bin ca u t.

ARCH

Kim nghim ARCH.

Biu nhu cu u t.

Investment demand schedule

ARCH effect
Arithmetic mean
Arithmetic progression
Asiab Development Bank

Hiu ng ARCH.
Trung bnh s hc.
Cp s cng.
Ngn hng pht trin chu .

Biu s ngi chp nhn cng vic.

Biu tn x.
Biu tn xut.
Biu tng quan

Job acceptance schedule

Scatter
Histogram
Correlogram

Assessable Income or profit

Thu nhp hoc li nhun chu thu.

Biu v lc lng lao ng

Labour force schedule

Assessable profit
Asset

Li nhun chu thu.

Ti sn.

Biu khung li xut; C cu li sut.

Biu khung thu; C cu thu.

Structure of interest rates

Structure of taxes

Asset stocks and services flows

D tr ti sn v lung dch v.

Biu quan h thu nhp theo tui

Age-earning profile

Asset stripping
Assets motives

Tc ot ti sn.
Nhng ng c ti sn.

Biu thu i ngoi chung.

Biu thu quan chung.

Common external tariff

Common Customs Tariff

Page 5

Marginal cost of funds schedule

Marginal efficiency of capital
schedule
Marginal efficiency of investment
schedule

economic

Assignment problem

Bi ton kt ni.

Biu thu quan theo Hip nh Brussels

Brussels Tariff Nomenclature

Assisted areas
Cc vng c h tr
Association of International Bond
Hip hi nhng ngi bun bn tri khon quc t.
Dealers
Association of South East Asian
Hip hi cc nc ng nam .
Nations (ASEAN)

Bnh phng gia quyn nh nht.

Weighted least squares

Bnh phng nh nht ca ba giai on.

Three stage least squares

Bnh phng nh nht hai giai on

Two stage leatst squares (TSLS

hoc 2 SLS)

Assurance

Bo him xc nh

Bnh phng nh nht tng qut.

Generalized least square (GLS)

Asymmetric infornation

Thng tin bt i xng; Thng tin khng tng xng.

Bnh phng ti thiu gin tip.

Indirect least squares (ILS)

Asymptote
Asymptotic distribution
Atomistic competition
Attribute
Auction markets
Auctioneer
Auctions
Augmented Phillips curve
Autarky
Autarky economy
Autocorrelation
Automatic fiscal policy
Automatic stabilizers
Autonomous consumption
Autonomous expenditure
Autonomous investment
Autonomous transactions

ng tim cn.
Phn phi tim cn.
Cnh tranh c lp.
Thuc tnh.
Cc th trng u gi.
Ngi bn u gi.
u gi.
ng Phillips b sung.
T cung t cp.
Nn kinh t t cung t cp
S t tng quan.
Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch t ng.
Cc bin php n nh t ng.
Tiu dng t nh.
Khon chi tiu t nh.
u t t nh.
Giao dch t nh

Bnh qun gia quyn.

B hng tiu dng; im kt hp tiu dng.
B lc.
B lut Taft-Hartley.
B nh v hn.
B nh xc nh (hu hn).
B phiu chin lc.
B phiu tn thnh; b phiu ph chun.
B phiu theo im.
B ti chnh Anh.
B ti chnh M.
B ti chnh, ngn kh.
B tin mt.
Bi thng mt vic.
Bng n dn s.
Bc ngu nhin.
Bun bn, bn s.

Weighted average
Consumption bundle
Filter
Taft-Hartley Act
Infinite memory
Finite memory
Strategic voting
Approval voting
Point voting
Treasury, the
Treasury US department of
Treasury
Flight from cash
Severance pay
Population explosion
Random walk
Wholesale

Autonomous variables

Cc bin t nh

Cc ban gim c chung, cc ban gim c kt hp.

Interlocking directorates

Autoregression
Availability effects
Average

T hi quy.
Cc hiu ng ca s sn c.
S trung bnh.

Cc ban Marketing.
Cc bin c ngu nhin.
Cc bin cng c (IV).

Marketing boards.
Ramdom events
Instrumental variables

Average cost

Chi ph bnh qun.

Cc bin dng v tht bi ca th trng.

Distortions and market failure

Average cost pricing

nh gi theo chi ph bnh qun.

Cc bin dng v tht bi ca th trng.

Distortions and market failures

Page 6

economic

Average fixed costs

Thu nhp k vng bnh qun; Thu nhp bnh qun d

kin.
Chi ph c nh bnh qun.

Average product

Sn phm bnh qun.

Cc bin s ph thuc hn ch.

Limited dependent variables

Average productivity

Nng sut bnh qun.

Cc bin t nh

Autonomous variables

Average propensity to consume

Khuynh hng tiu dng bnh qun.

Cc b lut v Ng.

Corn Laws

Average propensity to save

Average rate of tax
Average revenue
Average revenue product
Average total cost
Average variable cost
Axiom of
Axiom of completeness

Khuynh hng tit kim bnh qun.

Sut thu bnh qun (sut thu thc t).
Doanh thu bnh qun.
Sn phm doanh thu bnh qun.
Tng chi ph bnh qun
AVC-Chi ph kh bin bnh qun.
Tin v s la chn.
Tin v tnh y .

Cc bong bng do u c.
Cc chnh lch theo k nng lao ng.
Cc ch dn.
Cc chi ph chm.
Cc chi ph giao dch.
Cc chi ph kh bin.
Cc chi ph lao ng kh bin.
Cc chi ph lao ng phi tin lng.

Speculative bubbles
Skill differentials
Guideposts
Sunk costs
Transactions costs
Variable cost
Variable labour costs
Non-wage labour costs

Axiom of continuity

Tin v tnh lin tc.

Cc chi ph sn sut chun tc.

Normative costs of production

Axiom of convexity

Tin v tnh li.

Cc chnh sch chuyn i chi tiu.

Expenditure-switching policies

Axiom of dominance
Axiom of prefence
Backdoor fancing
Back-haul rates
Backstop technology
Backward bending supply curve
of labour

Tin v tnh thch nhiu hn thch t.

Tin v s thch.
Cp tin qua ca sau.
Cc vn ti ngc.
Cng ngh chng cui.

Cc chnh sch, cng c n nh ni to.

Cc ch n.
Cc chng khon di hn.
Cc chng khon ngn hn.
Cc chng khon yt gi.

Built-in stabililizers
Creditors
Long-dated securities
Short-dated securities
Listed securities

ng cung lao ng cong v pha sau.

Cc chng trnh theo phiu.

Voucher schemes

Backward intergration

Lin hp thng ngun.

Cc c phiu c quyn b phiu v khng c quyn b

phiu.

Voting and non-voting shares

Backward linkage

Lin kt thng ngun.

Cc c phiu u i

Cumulative preference shares

Backwash effects

Hiu ng ngc.

Cc c phiu u tin khng tr c.

Irredeemable preference shares

Bad money drive out good

Balance of payment
Balance of trade
Balance principle
Balance sheet

"ng tin xu ui ng tin tt".

Cn cn thanh ton.
Cn cn thng mi.
Nguyn l cn i.
Bng cn i ti sn.

Cc c s vi m.
Cc con s tn rt.
Cc cng c chnh sch.
Cc cng c.
Cc cng nhn phim dng.

Microfoundations
Withdrawals
Policy instruments
Instruments
Underemployed workers

Average expected income

Page 7

Cc bin php n nh t ng.

Automatic stabilizers

Cc bin s danh ngha.

Nominal variables

economic

Balanced budget

Cc cng nhn s cp.

Primary workers

Balanced economic development Pht trin kinh t cn i.

Cc cng ty c nim yt gi.

Quoted companies

Balanced equilibrium (GDP)

(GDP) cn bng.

Cc cc tr.

Extrema

Balanced GDP
Balanced growth
Balanced-budget multiplier
Bandwagon effect
Bank advance
Bank bill
Bank Charter Act
Bank for international
Settlements
Bank note
Banking panic
Banking school
Bankruptcy
Banks' cash-deposit ratio
Bargaining tariff

GDP c cn i
Tng trng cn i.
S nhn ngn sch cn i.
Hiu ng on tu
Khon vay ngn hng.
Hi phiu ngn hng.
o lut Ngn hng.

Cc cung bc; Cc mc chnh lch.

Cc cuc nh cng.
Cc dch v vn
Cc dch v.
Cc im chuyn i phng tin vn chuyn.
Cc im vng.
Cc iu khon b l.

Differentials
Strikes
Capital services
Services
Trans-shipment points
Gold points
Loss offsetting provisions

Ngn hng thanh ton quc t.

Cc iu kin khc khng i.

Other thng equal

Cc nh kin.
Cc nh l cng ngn.
Cc n v thm ht
Cc d n loi t ln nhau.
Cc ng chi ph hnh ch U.
Cc ng ng nhun.

Stereotypes
Turnpike theorems
Deficit units
Mutually exclusive projects
U-shaped cost curves
Iso-profit curve

Cc gi thit khng b lng nhau.

Non-nested hypotheses

Bargaining unit
Barlow Report
Barometric price leadership

Giy bc ca ngn hng.

Cn hong lon ngn hng.
Trng phi ngn hng
S ph sn.
T s gia tin mt v tin gi ca ngn hng.
Thu quan mc c; Thu quan thng lng.
L thuyt thng lng v tin cng; L thuyt mc c
v tin cng.
n v thng lng; n v mc c.
Bo co Barlow.
S ch o theo k p gi c.

Cc gi thc t/ tng i.
Cc gi thuyt lng nhau
Cc giai on tng trng.

Real / relative price

Nested hypotheses
Stages of growth

Barriers to entry

Ro cn nhp ngnh

Cc giao dch iu tit.

Accommodation transactions

Barter
Barter agreements
Barter economy
Base period

Hng i hng.
Hip nh trao i hng.
Nn kinh t hng i hng
Giai on gc.

Cc hm ng nht.
Cc hm gio dc.
Cc hm lng gic.
Cc hm phn ng.

Homogeneous functions
Schooling functions
Trigonometric functions
Reaction functions

Basic activities

Cc hot ng c bn.

Cc hm sn xut ng nht.

Homogeneous product functin

Basic exports
Basic industries
Basic need philosophy
Basic Outcome
Basic wage rates

Hng xut khu c bn

Nhng ngnh c bn.
Trit l nhu cu c bn.
Kt cc, kt qu c s.
Mc tin cng c bn; mc lng c bn.

Cc hn ch nhp khu.
Cc hng do ngi ch s hu kim sot.
Cc hng ho c bn.
Cc hng ho c mc thu bng 0.
Cc hng ho tt.

Import restrictions
Owner-controlled firms
Primary goods
Zero-rate goods
Goods

Bargaining theory of wages

Ngn sch cn i.

Page 8

economic

Basing-point system
Bearer bonds

H thng im nh v c s.
Tri khon khng ghi tn.

Cc hng ro phi thu quan.

Cc h s vn.

Non-tariff barriers
Capital coefficients

Bears

Ngi u c gi xung.

Cc h thng chi tiu tuyn tnh.

Linear expenditure systems

Beggar-my neighbour policies

Chnh sch lm ngho nc lng ging

Cc hip nh hng ho quc t.

International commodity
agreements

Behavioural equation

Phng trnh v hnh vi

Cc hip hi tit kim v cho vay.

Savings and loan associations

Behavioural expectations

Cc hiu ng ca s sn c.

Availability effects

Cc hiu ng ca Wicksell.

Wicksell effects

Benefit principle

K vng da trn hnh vi.

Cc l thuyt da trn hnh vi v hng; l thuyt v hng
da trn hnh vi.
Nguyn tc nh thu theo li ch.

Cc hot ng c bn.

Basic activities

Benefit-cost analysis

Phn tch li ch chi ph.

Cc hc thuyt v hng thin v qun l.

Managerial theories of the firm

Benefit-cost ratio
Benelux Economic Union
Bentham,Jeremy
Bergsonnian Social Walfare
Funtion
Bernoulli Hypothesis
Bertrand's duopoly Model

T s chi ph-li ch.

Lin minh kinh t Benelux.
1748-1832

Cc hi ng tin cng trong nng nghip.

Cc hi ng tin cng.
Cc hp ng n.

Agricultural Wage Boards

Wages Councils
Implicit contracts

Hm phc li x hi Bergson

Cc hp tc x c thit b chung.

Common facility co-operative

Cc hp tc x ca nh sn xut.
Cc hng dn ca UNIDO.

Producer's co-operatives
UNIDO guidelines

Cc k hoch lng; Cc k hoch tr tr.

Slack plans

Bias

Gi thuyt Bernoulli.
M hnh lng quyn ca Bertrand.
Ch s tnh s bin ng li tc ca mt c phiu cng
vi s bin ng li tc ca ton b th trng chng
khon.
lch.

Cc knh tm vic.

Job search channels

Bid

u thu.

Cc khon ng gp bo him quc gia.

National Insurance Contributions

Bid-rent function
Bifurcation Hypothesis
Big bang
Bilateral assistance
Bilateral monopoly
Bilateral trade
Bill
Bill broker

Hm gi thu thu t.
Gi thuyt lng cc.
V o ln ln.
Tr gip song phng.
c quyn song phng.
Mu dch song phng
Hi phiu.
Ngi mi gii hi phiu.

Cc khon gi li.
Cc khon k qu c bit.
Cc khon li nhun thng thng.
Cc khon min thu cho vn.
Cc khon thu t nng nghp.
Cc khon tr thm.
Cc khon tr cp cn bng.
Cc khon ng trc t thanh ton.

Retentions
Special deposits
Normal profits
Capital allowances
Agricultural earnings
Side payments
Equalization grants
Self-liquidating advances

Bill of exchange

Hi phiu i ngoi.

Cc khon vay iu chnh c cu kinh t.

Structural adjustment loans

Bills only

Ch c nghip v hi phiu.

Cc khu vc chun.

Standard Regions

Behavioural theories of the firm

Beta

Page 9

economic

Binary variable

Bin nh phn.

Cc khu vc c bit.

Special Areas

Biological interest rate

Li sut sinh hc.

Cc Khu vc Pht trin c bit.

Special Development Areas

BIS
Bivariate analysis
Black market

Ngn hng thanh ton quc t

Phn tch hai bin s
Ch en

Cc khu vc truyn thng.

Cc khuyn khch sn xut.
Cc kim nh Dickey Fuller.

Traditional sectors
Production incentives
Dickey fuller test

Black market premium

Mc/ Khon chnh lc ca th trng ch en.

Cc k thut c in

Classical techniques

Black market premium rate

T l chnh lch gi trn th trng ch en.

Cc k thut da nhiu vo vn

Capital-intensive techniques

Bliss point
Block grant

im cc mn; im hon ton tho mn

Tr cp c gi

Cc k thut tit kim lao ng.

Cc k vng tnh.

Labour - saving techniques

Static expectations

Blue Book

Sch xanh

Cc lin minh thanh ton quc t.

International clearing unions

Blue chip

C phn xanh

Blue-chip stock
Blue-collar workers

C phiu sng gi.

Cng nhn c xanh

Cc loi thu hi quan, thu tiu th c bit v thu

bo h.
Cc lut v quyn c lm vic.
Cc lung di chuyn vn

BLUS residuals

S d BLUS

Cc l thuyt ng v li th so snh.

Custom, excise and protective

duties
Right-to-work laws
Capital movements
Dynamic theories of comparative
advantage.

Bond

Tri khon

Bond market
Bonus issue

Th trng tri phiu

C phiu thng

Cc l thuyt da trn hnh vi v hng; l thuyt v hng

Behavioural theories of the firm
da trn hnh vi.
Cc l thuyt phn phi.
Distribution, theories of
Cc l thuyt v s tng trng ca hng.
Growth theories of the firm

Book value

Gi tr trn s sch

Cc m hnh bin s thay i theo thi gian.

Time varying parameter models

Boom

S bng n tng trng

Random coefficient models

Borda Count

Con tnh Borda

Border price
Boulwarism
Bounded rationality
Bourgeoisie
Box-Jenkins
Brain drain
Branch banking
Brand loyalty
Break-even analysis

Gi ca khu.
Ch ngha Boulware
Tnh duy l b hn ch.
Tng lp trng gi; Tng lp t sn
Phng php Box-Jenkins.
(Hin tng) chy mu cht xm
Nhip v ngn hng chi nhnh
S trung thnh vi nhn hiu
Phn tch im ho vn

Cc m hnh h s ngu nhin.

Cc m hnh hiu chnh sai s; Cc m hnh sa cha
sai s.
Cc m hnh lch s.
Cc m hnh mc gi c nh.
Cc m hnh thng s kh bin.
Cc m hnh v tnh trng n nh.
Cc mc b thm lng.
Cc mc b thm tin lng.
Cc mc chnh lch tin cng ni ti.
Cc mc gi b qun ch.
Cc mc thu trn tng mt hng.

Page 10

Error correction models (ECMs)

Historical model
Fixed-price mdel
Variable parameter models
Steady-state models
Compensating differentials
Compensating differentials
Internal wage differentials
Administered prices
Excise taxes

economic

Break-even level of income

Bretton Woods system
Brokerage
Brooker
Brookings model
Brussels conference

Mc ho vn ca thu nhp
H thng Bretton Woods.
Hoa hng mi gii.
Ngi mi gii.
M hnh Brookings
Hi ngh Brussels.

Cc mc tin cng.
Cc mc tiu chnh sch.
Cc ngn hng i l.
Cc ngn hng thanh ton b tr
Cc ngn hng th cp.
Cc ngn hng thng mi.

Wage rates
Policy targets
Correspondent banks
Clearing banks
Secondary banks
Commercial banks

Brussels Tariff Nomenclature

Biu thu quan theo Hip nh Brussels

Cc ngnh ng lc.

Propulsive industries

Budget deficit

Thm ht ngn sch.

Cc ngnh mi mc ln v cc ngnh sp ln (ht thi). Sunrise and sunset industries

Budget line
Budget shares

ng ngn sch
T phn ngn sch.

Cc nghim, cn s.
Cc nghip on.

Roots
General union

Budget surplus

Thng d ngn sch.

Cc nghip v th trng m, th trng t do.

Open market operations

Budgetary control
Buffer stocks
Building society
Built-in stabililizers

Kim sot ngn sch

Kho m, d tr bnh n
Ngn hng pht trin gia c
Cc chnh sch, cng c n nh ni to.

Cc ngoi hng ng; Ngoi ng ng.

Cc ngoi hng; Cc ngoi ng
Cc nh u t trong Cng nghip.
Cc nhm khng cnh tranh.

Dynamic externalities
Externalities
Investors in Industry
Non-competing groups

Bullion

Thoi

Cc nc chm pht trin.

Less devoloped countries (LDCs)

Bulls

Ngi u c gi ln.

Cc nc chm pht trin.

Underdeveloped countries

Bureaucracy, economic theory of L thuyt kinh t v h thng cng chc.

Cc nc ang pht trin.

Developing countries

Bureaux

Vn phng

Cc nc mi cng nghip ho.

Business cycle

Chu k kinh doanh.

Cc nc pht trin, cc nc i u.

Newly industrilizing countries

(NICs)
Advanced countries

Business risk

Ri ro kinh doanh

Cc phn phi xc sut kt hp.

Joint probability distributions

Buyer concertration
Buyers' market
Caculus
Call money

S tp trung ngi mua.

Th trng ca ngi mua.
Gii tch.
Khon vay khng k hn.

Cc ph tn cho vn
Cc phng trnh chun.
Cc phng trnh ng thi.
Cc quan h lao ng.

Capital charges
Normal equations
Simultaneous equations
Industrial relation

Call option

Hp ng mua trc.

Cc quan h x hi ca sn xut.

Social relations of production

Cambridge Equation
Capacity model
Capacity untilization

Phng trnh Cambridge

M hnh cng nng.
Mc s dng cng nng

Cc qu c th cho vay.
Cc quy tc tr th lao.
Cc quyn c gy nhim.

Loanable funds
Compensation rules
Pollution rights

Page 11

economic

Capital - intensive economy

Nn kinh t da nhiu vo vn.

Cc quyn s hu ti sn.

Property rights

Capital account
Capital accumulation
Capital allowances
Capital asset
Capital asset pricing model

Ti khon vn.
Tch l vn.
Cc khon min thu cho vn.
Ti sn vn.
M hnh nh gi Ti sn vn.

Pre-emption rights
Joint products
Appropriate products
Transactions balances
Real money balances

Capital budgeting

Phn b vn ngn sch.

Capital charges

Cc ph tn cho vn

Cc quyn u tin mua c phiu.

Cc sn phm lin kt.
Cc sn phm thch hp.
Cc s d giao dch.
Cc s d tin thc t.
Cc s thch hi t; Nhng iu mun la chn c
chung.
Cc tc nhn th trng.

Capital coefficients

Cc h s vn.

Cc ti nguyn khng th ti sinh v ti sinh.

Capital Consumption Allowance

Khon khu tr cho s dng t bn.

Cc th trng u gi.

Auction markets

Capital Controversy

Tranh ci v yu t vn.

Cc th trng nh trc v bt trc.

Forward and contingent market

Capital deepening

Tng cng vn.

Cc th trng nh trc v th trng giao ngay.

Capital equipment
Capital expenditure
Capital gain
Capital gains tax
Capital gearing
Capital goods
Capital information (capital
formation?)
Capital intensity
Capital loss

Thit b sn xut, thit b vn.

Chi tiu cho vn.
Khon li vn.
Thu li vn.
T trng vn vay
T liu sn xut, hng t liu sn xut.

Cc th trng hon ho.

Cc th trng khch hng.
Cc tho thun hon i.
Cc thc o v nh cng.
Cc thuc tnh phi tin lng.
Cc tiu chun u t.

Forward markets and spots

markets
Perfect markets
Custom markets
Swap arrangements
Strike measures
Non-wage attributes
Investment criteria

S hnh thnh vn.

Cc tiu chun thu ngi.

Hiring standards

Cng vn.
Khon l vn

Cc tn dng hu chin.
Cc t chc phi li nhun

Postwar credits
Non-profit institutions

Capital market

Th trng vn

Cc t chc trung gian ti chnh phi ngn hng.

Non-bank financial intermediaries

Capital movements

Cc lung di chuyn vn

Cc t chc t iu tit.

Capital rationing

nh mc vn

Cc tr cp lin chnh quyn.

Self-regulating organzations
(SROs)
Intergovernmental grants

Capital requirements

Cc yu cu v vn

Cc trung tm u t hi ngoi.

Offshore investment centres

Capital- reversing
Capital services
Capital stock

Thay i k thut sn xut

Cc dch v vn
Dung lng vn

Cc vng lun qun.

Cc vng c h tr
Cc vng trung gian.

Vicious circles
Assisted areas
Intermediate areas

Page 12

Single-peaked preferences
Market forces
Depletable and renewable
resources

economic

Capital Stock Adjustment

Principle

Nguyn l iu chnh dung lng vn

Cc yu cu v vn

Capital requirements

Capital structure

Cu trc vn

Cc yu t sn xut c nh; cc sn t c nh.

Fixed factors

Capital theoretic approach

Capital theory
Capital transfer tax

Phng php l thuyt qui v vn

L thuyt v vn
Thu chuyn giao vn

Variable factor
Factors of production
Exhaustive voting

Capital turnover criterion

Tiu chun quay vng vn

Capital widening

u t chiu rng (m rng vn)

Cc yu t sn xut thay i.
Cc yu t sn xut.
Cch b phiu thu o.
Cch nh gi chi ph-cng li; Cch nh gi da vo
chi ph v cng thm li nhun.
Cch mng gi.

Capital, marginal efficiency of

Vn, hiu qu bin ca

Cch mng nng nghip.

Agrarian revolution

Capital-intensive sector

Ngnh bao hm nhiu vn

Cch mng Xanh.

Green revolution

Capital-intensive techniques

Cc k thut da nhiu vo vn

Cch tip cn tn qu. (S d tin mt).

Cash balance approach

Capitalization
Capitalization rates
Capitalized value
Capital-labour ratio
Capital-output ratio
Capitation tax
Captital tax
Capture theory
Carbon tax

T bn ho, vn ha
T l vn ho
Gi tr c vn ho
T s vn/ lao ng
T s vn-sn lng
Thu thn
Thu vn
L thuyt nm gi.
Thu Carbon
tho dng im ho; tho dng, khong cch
gia cc mc tho dng.
Trng phi im ho; trng phi chia .
Cch tip cn tn qu. (S d tin mt).
Nng sn thng mi; Hoa mu hng ho/ hoa mu
thng mi.
Tht thot / ht tin mt.
Lung tin, ngn lu, dng kim lu.
Bn bo co lung tin / ngn lu.
Hn mc chi tiu, hn mc tin mt.
T sut tin mt.
Cng vic tm thi.
Tr cp chn lc.
Phng php nhn qu.

Ci cch nng nghip.

Ci cch theo nh hng th trng.
Cm gic b tc ot.
Cam kt trc.
Cn bng
Cn bng bn ngoi.
Cn bng bn trong
Cn bng b phn.
Cn bng cc mc chnh lch tin cng.

Agricultural reform
Market oriented reform
Relative deprivation
Pre-commitment
Equilibrium
External balance
Internal balance
Partial equilibrium
Equilizing wage diffirentials

Cn bng cnh tranh di hn.

Long run competitive

Cn bng chung; Cn bng tng th.

Cn bng i ngoi; Cn bng bn ngoi.

General equilibrium
External balace

Cn bng tht nghip.

Unemployment equilibrium

Cn bng tiu dng

Cn bin, gia lng.
Cn cn hu hnh.
Cn cn thm ht.
Cn cn thanh ton quc t.
Cn cn thanh ton.
Cn cn thanh ton.
Cn cn thng mi.

Consumer equilibrium
Marginal
Visible balance
Adverse balance
Foreign balance
Balance of payment
Payments, balance of
Balance of trade

Cardinal utility
Cardinalism
Cash balance approach
Cash crops
Cash drainage
Cash flow
Cash flow statement
Cash limit
Cash ratio
Casual employment
Categorical
Causality

Page 13

Cost - plus pricing

Price revolution

economic

Causation

Quan h nhn qu.

Cn cn thng mi.

Trade balance

Ceiling

Mc trn

Can thip v ti tr chnh thc.

Invention and official financing

Ceilings and floors

Mc trn v mc sn; Mc nh v mc y.

Strategic entry barrier

Celler - Kefauver Act

o lut Celler - Kefauver.

Central Bank

Ngn hng trung ng

Cn tr chin lc i vi nhp ngnh.

Cn tr v tnh i vi vic nhp ngnh; Cn tr ngu
nhin i vi vic nhp ngnh.
Cnh tranh c th th thc hin c.

Central Bank of Central Banks

Ngn hng trung ng ca cc ngn hng trung ng.

Cnh tranh c lp.

Atomistic competition

Central business district

Central Limit Theorem.
Central Place Theory
Central planing
Central policy Review Staff
Central Statical office
Central tendency
Certainty equivalence
Certificate of deposit
CES production function
Ceteris paribus
Chain rule

Khu kinh doanh trung tm.

nh l gii hn trung tm.
L thuyt V tr Trung tm.
K hoch ho tp trung.
Ban xet duyt chnh sch trung ng (CPRS).
Cc thng k trung ng
Xu hng hng tm; Hng tm.
Mc qui i v tt nh.
Giy chng nhn tin gi.
hm sn xut c co gin thay th c nh.
iu kin khc gi nguyn
Quy tc dy chuyn. (Quy tc hm ca hm).

Monopolistic Competition
Perfect competition
Imperfect competition
Non-price competition
Pure competition
Occupational licensing
Arithmetic progression
Backdoor fancing
International cartel
Take-off
Demand for inflation
Aggregate demand

Characteristics theory

L thuyt v c tnh sn phm.

Charge account
Cheap money
Check off
Cheque card
Child allowance

Ti khon tn dng.
Tin r.
Tr cng on ph trc tip.
Th sc.
Tr cp tr em.
Phn phI Kai bnh phng (Phn phi khi bnh
phng)

Cnh tranh c quyn.

Cnh tranh hon ho.
Cnh tranh khng hon ho.
Cnh tranh phi gi c.
Cnh tranh thun tu.
Cp bng hnh ngh.
Cp s cng.
Cp tin qua ca sau.
Cartel quc t.
Ct cnh .
Cu i vi lm pht.
Cu gp; Tng cu
Cu lao ng thi k cao im; Cu lao ng k
gip ht.
Cu ngoi t.
Cu phi sinh, cu dn xut, cu th pht.
Cu qua li.
Cu tm tnh; Cu nim; cu t bin.
Cu tin t
Cu trc cng ngh.

Technostructure

Chi-square distribution

Innocent entry barrier

Workable competition

Peak period labour demand

Demand for exchange
Derived demand
Reciprocal demand
Notional demand
Demand for money

Choice of production technique

S la chn k thut sn xut.

Cu trc ph thuc.

Dependence structure

Choice of technology
Choice variable

S la chn cng ngh.

Bin la chn.

Cu trc tin cng

Cu trc vn

Wages structure
Capital structure

Circular flow of income

Lung lun chuyn thu nhp.

Cu v tin do u c.

Speculative demand for money

Circular flow of payments

Dng thanh ton lun chuyn.

Cu v tin giao dch.

Transactions demand for money

Page 14

economic

Circulating capital
Classical and Keynesian
unemployment
Classical dichotomy
Classical economics
Classical model
Classical school
Classical system of company
taxation
Classical techniques
Clean float
Clearing banks
Clearing house
Cliometrics
Closed economy
Closing prices

Vn lu ng.
Tht nghip theo l thuyt c in v theo l thuyt
Keynes
Thuyt lng phn c in
Kinh t hc c in
M hnh c in
Trng phi c in

Cho bn.

Offer for sale

chp nhn thanh ton.

Acceptance

Cht thi.
Ch iu chnh hn ch.
Ch neo t gi hi oi iu chnh dn.
Ch ti kho theo m hnh lin bang.

Waste
Adjustable peg regime
Crawling peg
Fiscal federalism

H thng c in v thu cng ty

Chnh lc tin cng

Wage differentials

Cc k thut c in
Th ni t do
Cc ngn hng thanh ton b tr
Phng thanh ton b tr
S lng
Nn kinh t ng
Gi lc ng ca.

Deflationnary gap
Tax wedge
Profit margin
Yeild gap on securities
Yeild gap
Relativities
Reverse yield gap

Club good

Hng ho club; Hng ho bn cng cng.

Chnh lch gy gim pht

Chnh lch gi do thu.
Chnh lch li nhun
Chnh lch li tc chng khon.
Chnh lch li tc.
Chnh lch lng trong mt ngh.
Chnh lch nghch o ca li tc.
Chnh lch tin lng gia cng nhn tham gia v
khng tham gia cng on.
Chnh lch tnh bng phn trm.

Percentage change

Chnh lch v tin cng gia cc ngnh.

Ch c nghip v hi phiu.
Ch o gi kt cu.

Industrial wage differentials

Bills only
Collusive price leadership

Chi di; Thu chi.

Overdraff

Chi ph n.
Chi ph bo h.

Implicit cost
Cost of protection

Union/non-union differential

Coefficient of variation
Coercive comparisons

Thuyt club; Thuyt cu lc b, thuyt hng ho bn

cng cng.
nh l Coase.
nh l mng nhn.
ng quyt nh.
H s xc nh (H s tng quan bi s R bnh
phng).
H s phn tn ( phn tn tng i).
So snh p buc.

Cofactor

ng h s.

Chi ph bin ngn hn.

Short run marginal cost (SMC)

Coinage
Coincident indicator
Cointegration
Collateral security
Collective bargaining
Collective choise
Collective exhaustive

Tin c.
Ch s bo trng hp.
ng lin kt
Vt th chp.
Thng lng tp th.
S la chn tp th.
Hon ton.

Chi ph bnh qun.

Chi ph cn bin cho lao ng.
Chi ph cn bin di hn.
Chi ph cn bin.
Chi ph cho sinh hot; Gi sinh hot.
Chi ph c nh bnh qun.
Chi ph c nh; nh ph.

Collective goods

Hng ho tp th.

Chi ph c hi ca vic gi tin.

Average cost
Marginal cost of labor
Long run marginal cost
Marginal cost
Cost of living
Average fixed costs
Fixed cost
Opportunity cost of money
holding

Clubs, theory of
Coase's theorem
Cobweb theorem
Co-determination
Coefficient of determination

Page 15

economic

Collinearity

Cng tuyn.

Chi ph c hi ca vn

Opportunity cost of capital

Collusion

Kt cu.

Chi ph c hi x hi ca vn.

Social opportunity cost of capital

Collusive oligopoly
Collusive price leadership
Combination
Comecon
Command economy

c quyn nhm c kt cu.

Ch o gi kt cu.
T hp.
Hi ng tng tr kinh t.
Nn kinh t ch huy.

Chi ph c hi.
Chi ph y .
Chi ph iu chnh sn xut.
Chi ph do tc nghn.
Chi ph duy tu

Opportunity cost
Full cost
Adjustment cost
Congestion costs
Overhead costs

Commercial banks

Cc ngn hng thng mi.

Chi ph giy da ca lm pht.

Shoe-leather cost of inflation

Commercial bill
Commercial paper
Commercial policy
Commodity
Commodity bundling

Hi phiu thng mi.

Thng phiu
Chnh sch thng mi
Vt phm; Hng ho
Bn hng theo l

Chi ph kim sot; chi ph chng ( nhim)

Chi ph kinh t.
Chi ph lao ng c nh.
Chi ph lch s.
Chi ph pht sinh (tnh trc).

Abatement cost
Economic cost
Fixed labour costs
Historical costs
Accrued expenses

Commodity Credit Corporation

Cng ty tn dng hng ho; Cng ty tn dng vt phm

Chi ph pht sinh.

Cost overrun

Commodity money

Tin t da trn vt phm; Tin bng hng ho.

Chi ph so snh.

Comparative costs

Commodity space
Commodity terms of trade

Khng gian hng ho.

T gi trao i hng ho; T gi hng ho.

Chi ph s dng cn bin.

Chi ph s dng vn.

Marginal user cost

User cost of capital

Common Agricultural Policy

Chnh sch nng nghip chung.

Chi ph ti nguyn trong nc.

Domestic resources cost

Common Customs Tariff

Common external tariff

Biu thu quan chung.

Biu thu i ngoi chung.

Chi ph thay th.

Chi ph thit hi cn bin.

Replacement cost
Marginal damage cost

Common facility co-operative

Cc hp tc x c thit b chung.

Chi ph thc n ca lm pht.

Menu cost of inflation

Common market

Th trng chung.

Chi ph tm kim (vic lm).

Search costs

Common stock

Chng khon ph thng.

Chi ph trung bnh di hn.

Long run average cost (LAC)

Communism
Community Charge

Ch ngha cng sn.

Thu cng ng.

Chi ph trung bnh ngn hn.

Chi ph vn chuyn.

Short run average cost

Transfer costs

Community indifference curve

ng bng quan cng ng.

Chi ph vn hng nm.

Annual capital charge

Company bargaining
Company saving
Comparability argument

m phn cng ty.

So snh v lng
Lun im v tnh c th so snh.

Chi ph vn.
Ch s bo trng hp.
Ch s bin dng / bp mo / sai lch.

Cost of capital
Coincident indicator
Index of distortion

Page 16

economic

Financial Times Industrial

Ordinary Index
Dow Jones index
Numbers equivalent index
Retail price index (RPI)
RPI
Financial Times Actuaries Share
Indices
Passche price index
Consumer price index
Price index
Deflator
Implicit price deflator
Indexation of tax allowances and
taxation.

Comparable worth

Gi tr c th so snh.

Ch s cng nghip ca bo Financial Times.

Comparative advantage
Comparative costs
Comparative dynamics
Comparative statics

Li th so snh
Chi ph so snh.
Phng php so snh ng.
Phng php so snh tnh.

Ch s Dow Jones.
Ch s ng lng.
Ch s gi bn l.
Ch s gi bn l.

Compensated demand curves

ng cu c b.

Ch s gi c phiu thng k ca bo Financial Times.

Compensating differentials
Compensating differentials
Compensating variation
Compensation principle
Compensation rules

Cc mc b thm lng.
Cc mc b thm tin lng.
Mc thay i b p.
Nguyn l b p.
Cc quy tc tr th lao.

Ch s gi Passche.
Ch s gi tiu dng
Ch s gi.
Ch s gim pht
Ch s gim pht gi n.

Compensation tests

Kim nghim n b.

Ch s ho vic tr cp thu v vic nh thu.

Competition and Credit Control

Kim sot tn dng v cnh tranh

Ch s kh lm pht cho tng sn phm quc ni.

Competition policy

Chnh sch v cnh tranh

Competitive markets
Complementary inputs
Complements
Complex number

Th trng cnh tranh

(Cc loi) u vo b tr; Nhp lng b tr.
Hng ho b tr
S phc

Ch s tnh s bin ng li tc ca mt c phiu cng

vi s bin ng li tc ca ton b th trng chng
khon.
Chi tiu () trnh thu.
Chi tiu cho mc sng.
Chi tiu cho vn.
Chi tiu cng cng.

Composite commodity theorem

nh l hng ho a hp

Chi tiu ca chnh ph cho hng ho v dch v.

Compound interest

Li kp

Chi tiu ca chnh ph v thu rng.

Concave function (concavity)

Hm lm (tnh lm).

Chi tiu ca chnh ph.

Government expenditure

Concentration
Concentration ratio

S tp trung.
T l tp trung.

Chi tiu ca ngi tiu dng

Chi tiu gp.

Consumer expenditure
Aggregate expenditure

Concentration, coefficient of.

H s tp trung.

Chi tiu tiu dng

Consumption expenditure

Concerted action
Concertina method of tariff
reduction

Hnh ng phi hp.

Phng php iu ho gim thu quan; Phng php
gim thu quan hi ho.

Chi tr tng k.

Amortization

Chia khu phn.

Rationing

Page 17

Gross domestic product deflator

Beta
Tax expenditure
Subsistence expenditures
Capital expenditure
Public Expediture
Government spending on goods
and services
Government spending and net
taxes

economic

Concesionary prices / rates

Gi / T sut u i.

Chia s cng vic.

Work sharing

Conciliation
Conditional Probability

Ho gii
Xc sut c iu kin.

Chia x ri ro.
Chin lc pht trin.

Conditional probality

Xc sut c iu kin.

Chin lc ti chnh trung hn.

Condorcet Criterion

Tiu chun g chi; Tiu chun Condorcet

Chin lc.

Risk-sharing
Development strategy
Medium term financial strategy
(MTFS)
Strategy

Confederation of British Industrial Lin on cng nghip ANH (CBI).

Chit khu

Discounting

Confidence interval
Confidence problem
Congestion costs

Khong tin cy.

Vn lng tin.
Chi ph do tc nghn.

Chnh ph can thip.

Chnh ph can thip.
Chnh sch cng nghip.

Dirigiste
Dirigiste
Industrial policy

Conglomerate

Conglomerate; Tp on; T hp doanh nghip

Chnh sch dn s.

Population policy

Conjectural behavior

Hnh vi phng on.

Chnh sch iu tit.

Regulatory policy

CONJECTURAL VARIATION

S thay i theo phng on.

Chnh sch khu vc.

Regional policy

Consistency

Tnh nht qun.

Chnh sch kinh t.

Economic policy

Consistent

Thng nht/ nht qun.

Chnh sch kinh t.

New Economic Policy (NEP)

Consolidated balance sheets

Bng cn i (k ton/ti sn) hp nht.

Chnh sch lm ngho nc lng ging

Beggar-my neighbour policies

Consolidated fund

Qu ngn kh.

Chnh sch nng nghip chung.

Common Agricultural Policy

Consols
Consortium bank

Cng tri hp nht.

Ngn hng Consortium.
S tiu dng nhm th hin; S tiu dng nhm khoe
khoang.
T bn bt bin.

Chnh sch n nh ho .
Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch ch ng.

Stabilization policy
Discretionary fiscal policy

Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch m rng.

Expasionary fiscal policy

Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch thu hp.

Contractionary fiscal policy

Hm sn xut vi co gin thay th khng i.

Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch t ng.

Automatic fiscal policy

ng cu vi th phn bt bin.

Chnh sch thu nhp da vo thu.

Tax-base incomes Policy

Gi c nh / gi bn khng i.

Chnh sch thu nhp.

Incomes policy

Sinh li c nh theo quy m.

Chnh sch thu kho; Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch.

Fiscal policy

Conspicuous consumption
Constant capital
Constant Elasticity of
Substitution (CES) Production
Function
Constant market share demand
curve
Constant prices
Constant returns to scale

Page 18

economic

Constant returns to scale

Sinh li khng i theo qui m; Li tc c nh theo quy

m
Sinh li khng i theo quy m.

Constestable market

Th trng c th cnh tranh c

Chnh sch tin t iu tit.

Constrain informal/ formal

Hn ch/ rng buc (khng chnh thc/ chnh thc;

ngoi quy nh/ theo quy nh).

Chnh sch tin t v ti kho lng/cht; Chnh sch ni Easy / tight monetary or fiscal
lng / tht cht tin t hay thu chi ngn sch.
policy
Chnh sch v cnh tranh
Chnh sch v nhn lc.

Competition policy
Manpower policy

Ch en

Black market

Consumer

Ti u ho c rng buc
Rng buc
Hn ch / Rng buc (khng chnh thc/ chnh thc)
ngoi quy nh/ theo quy nh.
Ngi tiu dng

Ch lm vic cn trng.

Vacancies

Consumer borrowing

Khon vay cho ngi tiu dng; Vay tiu dng.

Cho vay lin hip.

Pooled lending / loan

Consumer choice
Consumer credit
Consumer demand theory
Consumer durable
Consumer equilibrium
Consumer expenditure

La chn ca ngi tiu dng.

Tn dng tiu dng
L thuyt cu tiu dng
Hng tiu dng lu bn
Cn bng tiu dng
Chi tiu ca ngi tiu dng

Cho vay lin hip.

Chn vic lm.
Chng lng on.
Ch cho thu ti sn; Ch cho thu vn.
Ch doanh nghip.
Chu k (c bin ) gim dn; Chu k tt.

Syndicate loan
Job shopping
Anti-trust
Rentiers
Entrepreneur
Damped cycle

Consumer goods and services

Hng v dch v tiu dng

Chu k bng n.

Explosive cycle

Consumer price index

Consumer sovereignty

Ch s gi tiu dng
Ch quyn ngi tiu dng.
Quyn ti thng ca ngi tiu dng; Ch quyn ca
ngi tiu dng
Thng d ngi tiu dng.
Thng d ca ngi tiu dng
B hng tiu dng; im kt hp tiu dng.
Chi tiu tiu dng
Nhng ngoi tc tiu dng.
Hm tiu dng
Hm Tiu dng.
Thu tiu dng
Th trng c th cnh tranh c.
D tr pht sinh
Bng pht sinh; Bng s c

Chu k hng tn kho.

Chu k hi t

Inventory cycle
Convergent cycle

Chu k Juglar.

Juglar cycle

Chu k kinh doanh.

Chu k kinh t chnh tr.
Chu k phn r; Chu k bng n.
Chu k sn phm.
Chu k thng mi.
Chu k vng xoay r rt.
Chu k.
Ch ngha bo h mi.
Ch ngha Boulware
Ch ngha cng sn.
Ch ngha quc kiu mi.

Business cycle
Political business cycle
Divergent cycle
Product cycle
Trade cycle
Sharp gyration
Cycling
New protectionism
Boulwarism
Communism
Neo-imperialism

Constant returns to scale

Constrained optimization
Constraint
Constraint (informal / formal)

Consumer sovereignty
Consumer surplus
Consumer's surplus
Consumption bundle
Consumption expenditure
Consumption externalities
Consumption function
Consumption function
Consumption tax
Contestable market
Contingency reserve
Contingency table

Page 19

Chnh sch thng mi

Commercial policy

Chnh sch tin lng phi hp

Co-ordinated wage policy

Accommodating monetary policy

economic

Contingent valuation

nh gi (hin tng) pht sinh; Vic nh gi bt thng

Ch ngha quc.

Imperialism

Continuous distribution
Continuous distribution
Continuous variable
Contract curve
Contractionary fiscal policy
Contractionary phase
Convergence thesis
Convergent cycle

Phn phi lin tc

Phn phi lin tc.
Bin s lin tc
ng hp ng
Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch thu hp.
Giai on suy gim; Giai on thu hp
Lun chng hi t
Chu k hi t

Hedonism
Historicism
Feudalism
Ordinalism
Positivism
Mercantilism
International monetarism
Monetarism

Conversion

S chuyn i

Conversion factor
Convertibility
Convertible bond
Convertible loan stock
Convertible security
Convex function (convexity)
Cooling off period
Co-ordinated wage policy
Corn Laws

H s chuyn i.
Kh nng chuyn i
Tri khon chuyn i c.
Khon vay chuyn i c.
Chng khon chuyn i c.
Hm li (tnh li).
Giai on lng du.
Chnh sch tin lng phi hp
Cc b lut v Ng.

Ch ngha khoi lc.

Ch ngha lch s.
Ch ngha phong kin.
Ch ngha th t.
Ch ngha thc chng.
Ch ngha trng thng.
Ch ngha trng tin quc t.
Ch ngha trng tin.
Ch ngha t bn hp doanh; Ch ngha t bn doanh
nghip.
Ch ngha t bn thin v qun l.
Ch ngha t do kinh t.
Ch ngha t do.
Ch ngha v li.
Ch ngha x hi theo c ch th trng.
Ch ngha x hi.
Ch quyn ngi tiu dng.
Chc nng n nh ho.
Chc nng phn phi.

Corner solution

p s gc.

Chng ch Pht trin cng nghip.

Cornor solution

Gii php kh x.
Ch ngha t bn hp doanh; Ch ngha t bn doanh
nghip.

Chung ri ro; Gp chung ri ro.

Managerial capitalism
Economic liberialism
Liberalism
Utilitarianism
Market socialism
Socialism
Consumer sovereignty
Stabilization function
Distribution function
Industrial Development
Certificate
Risk-pool

Chng khon chuyn i c.

Convertible security

Corporate conscience

Lng tm hp doanh; Lng tm doanh nghip.

Chng khon c th hon tr.

Redeemable securities

Corporate risk
Corporate state
Corporation
Corporation tax
Correlation
Correlation of returns

Ri ro hp doanh; Ri ro cng ty.

a phn ca hp doanh; Nh nc cng ty.
Hp doanh; Cng ty.
Thu doanh nghip; Thu Cng ty.
S tng quan
Tng quan ca li tc.

Chng khon ca chnh ph.

Chng khon ghi ngy hon tr.
Chng khon ho.
Chng khon khng ghi ngy.
Chng khon ph thng.
Chng khon s cp.

Government securities
Dated securities
Securitization
Undated securities
Common stock
Primary securities

Correlogram

Biu tng quan

Chng khon vin vng; Chng khon ho hng.

Gilt- edged securities

Correspondent banks
Corset

Cc ngn hng i l.
Yu cu tht cht.

Chng khon.
Chng n ca Cc d tr Lin Bang

Securities
Federal Reserve Note

Corporate capitalism

Page 20

Corporate capitalism

economic

Cost - benefit analysis

Phn tch chi ph - li ch.

Chc b chuyn giao.

Transfer deed

Cost - effectiveness analysis

Phn tch chi ph - hiu qu

Chui s/d liu theo thi gian.

Time series

Chui thi gian c ly tch phn.

Integerated time series

Chng trnh cho vay.

Loan facility

Cost - plus pricing

Cost - push inflation

Cch nh gi chi ph-cng li; Cch nh gi da vo

chi ph v cng thm li nhun.
Lm pht do chi ph y.

Cost - utility analysis

Phn tch chi ph - cng dng; Phn tch tn dng chi

ph.

Chng trnh pht trin ca Lin hp quc.

United Nationns Development

Programme (UNDP)

Cost insurance freight

Ph, bo him, cc vn chuyn, gi CIF.

Chng trnh Phc hng Chu u.

European Recovery Programme.

Cost minimization
Cost of capital
Cost of living
Cost of protection
Cost overrun

Ti thiu ho chi ph.

Chi ph vn.
Chi ph cho sinh hot; Gi sinh hot.
Chi ph bo h.
Chi ph pht sinh.

Chuyn y thu.
Chuyn i tr li.
Chuyn gia (t cc nc pht trin)
Chuyn giao cng ngh.
Chuyn giao cng ngh.

Tax shifting
Double switching
Expatriate
Technology transfer
Transfer of technology

Council for Mutual economic

Assitance (Comecon)

Hi ng tng tr kinh t.

Chuyn khon

Credit transfer

Council of Economic Advisors

(ECA).

Hi ng c vn kinh t.

Chuyn mn ho.

Specialization

Counter - vailing duty

Thu chng bo h gi; thu nh vo hng xut/ nhp

khu c tr gi.

C cu k hn ca li xut.

Term structure of interest rates

Countercyclical

Ngc chu k.

C cu lng theo ngh nghip.

Occupational wages structure

Countertrade
Countervailing power
Coupon
Coupon payments
Cournot's duopoly model
Covariance
Covariance stationary
Covered interest parity
Craff unions
Crawling peg

Thng mi i lu.
Lc b i trng; Th lc lm cn bng.
Phiu li, li sut tri phiu.
Tin tr li theo nm
M hnh lng c quyn Cournot.
Hip phng sai.
Tnh theo hip phng sai.
Mc li xut qui ngang; Ngang gi li sut.
Nghip on theo chuyn mn.
Ch neo t gi hi oi iu chnh dn.

C cu th trng.
C cu tin cng theo ngnh.
C cu tin lng theo khu vc.
C ch chy vng.
C ch chy vng.
C ch ghi c thu.
C ch gi.
C ch lan chuyn.
C ch th trng.
C ch t gi hi oi.

Market structure
Industrial wage structure
Regional wage structure
Price specie mechanism
Specie flow mechanism
Tax credit scheme
Price mechanism
Transmission mechanism
Market mechanism
Exchange rate Mechanism

Credible threat

e do kh tin; e do c th thc hin c.

C nh tin lng.

Pay freeze

Credit celing

Trn tn dng.

C ng.

Shareholder

Page 21

economic

Credit control

Kim sot tn dng.

Co gin ca cu theo thu nhp.

Income elasticity of demand

Credit guarantee
Credit multiplier
Credit rationing
Credit restrictions
Credit squeeze
Credit transfer
Creditor nation

Bo m tn dng.
S nhn tn dng.
nh mc tn dng
Hn ch tn dng
Hn ch tn dng
Chuyn khon
Nc ch n.

Co gin hon ton.

C hnh vi tt.
C phn
C phn khng th chuyn i c
C phn vay c th hon tr.
C phn vay khng bo lnh.
C phn xanh

Infinitely elastic
Well-behaved
Equities
Unconvertible loan stock
Redeemable loan stock
Unsecured loan stock
Blue chip

Creditors

Cc ch n.

C phn, c phiu, dung lng vn, tr lng.

Stock

Creeping inflation
Criminalization
Critical value
Cross elasticity of demand
Cross partial derivative

Lm pht sn b; Lm pht b dn
Quy l ti phm.
Gi tr ti hn
co gin cho ca cu
o hm ring

C phiu c tr li theo tch lu

C phiu pht hnh cho c ng hin hnh.
C phiu sng gi.
C phiu thng
C phiu thng c u tin.

Cumulative shares
Scrip issue
Blue-chip stock
Bonus issue
Preferred ordinary shares

Cross price elasticity of demand

co gin theo gi cho ca cu.

C phiu thng li tr sau

Deferred ordinary shares

Cross-entry
Cross-section consumption
function

Nhp nghnh cho

C phiu thng.

Hm s tiu dng cho

C phiu u i phi tch lu.

Ordinary share
Non-cumulative preference
shares

Cross-section data

S liu cho/ mu/ c trng.

C phiu u tin tham gia.

Paricipating preference shares

Cross-sectional analysis
Cross-subsidization
Crowding hypothesis

Phn tch cho

Tr cp cho
Gi thuyt chn p

C phiu u tin.
C phiu.
C quan c cp giy php nhn tin gi.

Crowding out

Ln p; chn p

C quan Hp tc kinh t.

Crowding-out effect

Tc ng ln p, chn p.

C quan mu dch thng tr ca Lin X.

CSO

Cc thng k trung ng

C quan pht trin quc t.

Cubic
Cultural change

Lp phng
S thay i vn ho

C s d tr.
C s kinh t.

Preference shares
Share
Licensed deposit takers
Economic Co-operation
Administration
Amtorg
Agency for International
Development
Reserve base
Economic base

Culture of poverty hypothesis

Gi thuyt v vn ho ngho kh

C s thu.

Tax base

Cumulative causation model

M hnh nhn qu tch lu

C s tin t.

Monetary base

Page 22

economic

Cumulative preference shares

Cc c phiu u i

C th loi tr.

Excludable

Cumulative Probability
Cumulative probality
Cumulative shares
Curency school
Currency
Currency appreciation
Currency control
Currency depreciation
Currency notes
Currency principle
Currency retention quota
Currency substitution

Xc sut tch lu.

Xc sut tch lu.
C phiu c tr li theo tch lu
Trng phi tin t
Tin mt, tin t
S tng gi tr ca mt ng tin
Kim sot tin t
S st gim gi tr tin t
Tin giy
Nguyn l tin t
Hn mc gi ngoi t
S thay th tin t
Ti khon vng lai/ ti khon hin hnh, cn cn ti
khon vng lai.

C tn nhim, c kh nng thanh ton n.

C tc bng c phn.
C tc.
Cn hong lon ngn hng.
Con ngi kinh t.
Con rn.
Con s sa thi.
Con tnh Borda
Cng bng
Cng bng gia cc th h.
Cng bng theo chiu dc.
Cng bng theo phng ngang.

Solvent (= creditworthy)
Stock diviend
Dividend
Banking panic
Economic man
Snake
Sackings
Borda Count
Equity
Intergenerational equity
Vertical equity
Horizontal equity

Cng bng trong phn phi.

Distributional equity

Current and capital account

Ti khon vng lai v ti khon vn.

Cng bng v kha cnh phn phi

Distributive justice

Current assets
Current cost accounting
Current income

Ti sn lu ng.
Hch ton theo chi ph hin ti.
Thu nhp thng xuyn.

Cng c ti chnh.
Cng on.
Cng ng Chu u.

Financial instrument
Trade unions
European Community

Current liabilities

Ti sn n ngn hn.

Cng ng Kinh t Chu u.

European Economic Community

Current prices
Current profits

Gi hin hnh (thi gi).

Li nhun hin hnh

Cng ng kinh t.
Cng ng kinh t.

Custom and practice

Tp qun v thng l

Cng ng Than v thp Chu u.

Economic community
Economic union
European Coal and Steel
Community

Custom Co-operative Council

U ban hp tc Hi quan.

Cng ngh chng cui.

Backstop technology

Custom markets
Custom union
Custom, excise and protective
duties
Cyclical unemployment

Cc th trng khch hng.

Lin minh thu quan.
Cc loi thu hi quan, thu tiu th c bit v thu
bo h.
Tht nghip chu k.

Cng ngh thay th.

Cng ngh thch hp.

Alternative technology
Appropriate technology

Cng ngh trung gian.

Intermediate technology

Cng ngh.

Technology

Cycling

Chu k.

Cng nghip ho ( cc nc ang pht trin).

Industrialization

Damped cycle

Chu k (c bin ) gim dn; Chu k tt.

Cng nghip ho bng thay th hng nhp khu.

Import substitution
industrialization

Current account

Page 23

economic

Dated securities

Chng khon ghi ngy hon tr.

DCF

Phng php phn tch chit khu lung tin.

Dead weight loss

Dead weight tax burden
Deadweight - loss

S/ mc mt mt v ch.
Gnh nng v ch ca thu kho.
Khon mt trng; khon tn tht v ch.

Deadweight debt

N "trng".

Dear money
Debased coinage
Debentures

Tin t.
Tin kim loi.
Tri khon cng ty.

Cng nhn (c v th) bt li; Nhng cng nhn khng

c li th.
Cng nhn c trng, bn giy.
Cng nhn c xanh
Cng nhn hng hai.
Cng sut d; cng sut tha; Tha nng lc, tha
cng sut.
Cng sut ti u.
Cng tri hp nht.
Cng tuyn.

Debt conversion

Hon n; i n.

Cng ty bo him tin gi Lin bang.

Debt finance

Ti tr bng vay n.

Cng ty ci t cng nghip.

Debt for equity swaps

Debt management
Debt ratio
Debt rescheduling
Debtor nation

Hon chuyn n thnh c phn.

Qun l n.
T s n gia vn vay v vn c phn
Hon n/ gia hn n.
Nc mc n.

Cng ty c phn.
Cng ty cng cng.
Cng ty a quc gia.
Cng ty nm gi.
Cng ty nn nhn.

Decile

Thnh mi nhm bng nhau.

Cng ty nghin cu pht trin quc gia.

Decile

Thp phn v

Cng ty Ti chnh Cng nghip v Thng mi.

ICFC

Decimal coinage

Tin c c s mi

Cng ty Ti chnh Cng nghip v Thng mi.

Industrial and Commercial

Finance Corporation

Decision function

Hm quyt nh

Cng ty Ti chnh Cng nghip.

Finance Corporation for Industry

Decision lag

tr ca vic ra quyt nh

Cng ty Ti chnh Quc t.

International Finance Corporation

Decision rule

Quy tc ra quyt nh

Cng ty tn dng hng ho; Cng ty tn dng vt phm

Commodity Credit Corporation

Decision theory
Decreasing cost industry
Decreasing returns

L thuyt ra quyt nh
Ngnh c chi ph gim dn
Mc sinh li gim dn; Li tc gim dn
Mc sinh li gim dn theo qui m; Li tc gim dn
theo quy m

Cng ty trch nhim hu hn.

Cng ty t nhn.
Cng c Lom.

Limited company
Private company
Lom Convention

Cng vic tm thi.

Casual employment

Decreasing returns to scale

Cng nghip ho theo hng xut khu.

Page 24

Export-oriented industrialization
Disadvantaged workers
White-collar worker
Blue-collar workers
Secondary worker
Excess capacity
Optimal capacity
Consols
Collinearity
Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC)
Industrial Reorganization
Corporation
Joint stock company
Public company
Multinational corporation
Hoarding company
Victim company
National Research Development
Corporation

economic

Deferred ordinary shares

C phiu thng li tr sau

Conglomerate; Tp on; T hp doanh nghip

Conglomerate

Deficit
Deficit financing
Deficit units
Deflation
Deflationnary gap
Deflator
Degree of freedom
Degree of homogeneity

Thm ht
Ti tr thm ht
Cc n v thm ht
Gim pht
Chnh lch gy gim pht
Ch s gim pht
Bc t do (df)
Mc ng nht

C im li nhun; Trung tm li nhun.

C sc cung bt li.
C tri trung dung.
Ca ci ca con ngi.
Ca ci d tnh c.
Ca ci hu hnh.
Ca ci.
Ca ko.

Deindustrialization

Phi cng nghip ho.

Cc Bo m tn dng xut khu.

Delors Report
Demand - deficient
unemployment
Demand - pull inflation
Demand curve
Demand deposits
Demand for exchange
Demand for inflation
Demand for money
Demand function
Demand management
Demand schedule
Demand shift inflation
Demography

Bo co Delors.

Cc pht hnh.

Profit centre
Adverse supply shock
Median Voter
Human wealth
Perceived Wealth
Tangible wealth
Weath
Whipsawing
Export Credit Guarantee
Department.
Issue department

Tht nghip do thiu cu.

Cc thng k trung ng

Central Statical office

Lm pht do cu ko.
ng cu.
Tin gi khng k hn.
Cu ngoi t.
Cu i vi lm pht.
Cu tin t
Hm cu
Qun l cu.
Biu cu
Lm pht do dch chuyn cu.
Nhn khu hc.

Cc thng k trung ng
Cung lm pht.
Cung lao ng.
Cung lao ng.
Cung n lc.
Cung tin (M1,M2,M3).
Cung tin t ni sinh.
Cung tin.
Cuc cch mng qun l.
Cc vn ti ngc.
Cng s dng nng lng.

CSO
Supply of inflation
Labour supply
Supply of labour
Supply of effort
Monetary aggregate
Endogenous money supply
Money supply
Managerial revolution
Back-haul rates
Energy intensity

Demonetization

Qu trnh phi tin t ho; gim bt s dng tin mt.

Cng vn.

Capital intensity

Density gradient
Dependence structure
Dependency burden
Dependent variable
Depletable and renewable
resources

Gradient mt .
Cu trc ph thuc.
Gnh nng n theo.
Bin s ph thuc.

a cng tuyn.
a cng tuyn.
a dng ho sn phm.
a dng ho.

Multi-Collinearity
Multi-collinearity
Product proliferation
Diversification

Cc ti nguyn khng th ti sinh v ti sinh.

a thc; Biu thc i s.

Polynomial

Depletion allowance

u i ti nguyn

c quyn ca gii chc.

Deposit account
Deposit money

Ti khon tin gi
Tin gi ngn hng.

i biu phn xng.

Di hn.

Page 25

Enfranchisement of the
nomenklatura
Shop steward
Long run

economic

Depository Institution
Deregulation and Monetary
Control Act of 1980 (DIDMCA)

o lut phi iu tit v kim sot tin i vi cc nh

ch nhn tin gi nm 1980.

i nhy vt

"Great Leap Forward"

Depreciation
Depreciation rate
Depressed area
Depression
Deregulation
Derivative
Derived demand
Deseasonalization
Desired capital stock
Determinant
Deterministic distribution
Deterministic distribution
Detrending

Khu hao; s st gim gi tr.

T l khu hao.
Khu vc tr tr.
Tnh trng suy thoi.
D b iu tit; Xo iu tit; Phi iu tit.
o hm.
Cu phi sinh, cu dn xut, cu th pht.
Xo tnh cht thi v.
Dung lng vn mong mun.
nh thc (hay Del hoc c k hiu |A|).
Phn phi tt nh
Phn phi tt nh.
Kh khuynh hng; Gim khuynh hng.

m phn cng ty.

Dn ch cng nghip
Dn s qu ng.
Dn tri ri ro.
Dng c cu.
ng lng.
Dng Parabn.
Dng rt gn.
Dnh cho mc ch ring.
nh gi ch quan.
nh gi vic lm.
Danh mc u t.
Danh ngha.

Devaluation

Ph gi

nh thu hai ln v trnh nh thu hai ln.

Devaluation and revaluation

Developing countries
Development area

Ph gi v nng gi.
Cc nc ang pht trin.
Vng cn pht trin.

o hm ring
o hm ring phn.
o hm.

Company bargaining
Industrial democracy
Overpopulation
Risk-spreading
Structural form
Isoquant
Parabola
Reduced form (RF)
Earmaking
Value judgement
Job evaluation
Porfolio
Nominal
Double taxation and double
taxation relief.
Cross partial derivative
Partial derivative
Derivative

Development planning

Hoch nh pht trin; Lp k hoch pht trin.

o lut Celler - Kefauver.

Celler - Kefauver Act

Development strategy
Deviation
Dickey fuller test

Chin lc pht trin.

lch.
Cc kim nh Dickey Fuller.

o lut chu u.
o lut nm 1964 v Gi bn l.
o lut Ngn hng.

Single European Atc (SEA)

Resale Prices Act 1964
Bank Charter Act

Difference equation

Phng trnh vi phn

o lut phi iu tit v kim sot tin i vi cc nh

ch nhn tin gi nm 1980.

Depository Institution
Deregulation and Monetary
Control Act of 1980 (DIDMCA)

Difference principle
Difference stationary process
(DSP)
Differencing

Nguyn l bt bng; Nguyn l khc bit

o lut quan h Lao ng Quc gia.

National Labor Relation Act

Qu trnh vi phn tnh.

o lut Sherman.

Sherman Act

Phng php vi phn

o lut thng mi gia cc tiu bang.

Interstate Commerce Act

Differentials

Cc cung bc; Cc mc chnh lch.

o lut v Hi ng thng mi Lin bang.

Federal Trade Commission Act

Differentiated goods

Hng ho cng loi mang nt c trng ring.

o to c th.

Specifix training

Page 26

economic

Differentiated growth
Differentiation
Diffusion
Diminishing marginal rate of
substitution
Diminishing marginal utility
Diminishing marginal utility of
wealth
Diminishing returns
Direct debit
Direct taxes
Director's Law
Dirigiste
Dirigiste
Dirty float

Tng trng nh a dng ho

Qu trnh a dng ho; Php vi phn
Qu trnh truyn b; S ph bin

o to ti ch.
o to th ch.
p s gc.

On-the-job training
Institutional training
Corner solution

(Quy lut v) t l thay th bin gim dn.

u c tch tr.

Hoarding

tho dng bin gim dn.

(Qui lut v) gi tr tho dng bin gim dn ca ti
sn/ca ci.
Mc sinh li gim dn; Li tc gim dn
Ghi n trc tip.
Thu trc thu.
Quy lut Director
Chnh ph can thip.
Chnh ph can thip.
Th ni (kiu) bn; Th ni khng hon ton
Cng nhn (c v th) bt li; Nhng cng nhn khng
c li th.

u c.

Speculation

u gi.

Auctions

u thu.
u t chiu rng (m rng vn)
u t nc ngoi.
u t rng ( Cn gi l s to vn rng) .
u t thay th.
u t tn kho
u t t nh.

Bid
Capital widening
Foreign investment
Net investment
Replacement investment
Inventory investment
Autonomous investment

u t vo hng tn kho c ch

Intended inventory investment

Discharges

Nhng ngi b thi vic

u t vo tn kho ngoi d kin.

Unintended inventory investment

Discount house

Hng chit khu

u t.

Investment

Discount market

Th trng chit khu.

u vo - u ra (I-O), bng cn i lin ngnh.

Input - output

Discount rate

Sut chit khu.

Dy s liu theo thi gian.

Time series data

Discount rate

T l chit khu; sut chit khu

e do kh tin; e do c th thc hin c.

Credible threat

Discounted cash flow (DCF)

Dng tin chit khu; Lung tin chit khu

quc kinh t.

Economic imperialism

Discounted cash flow yield

Discounting
Discouraged worker /
unemployment

Li tc lung tin chit khu

Chit khu

xut tng trng bng khng.

n hn thanh ton.

Zero growth proposal

Maturity

Ngi tht nghip do nn lng.

n hn, ht hn.

Maturity

Discouraged Worker Hypothesis Gi thuyt v cng nhn nn lng.

Di c ngc.

Perverse migration

Discrete distribution
Discrete variable
Discretionary fiscal policy
Discretionary profits
Discretionary stabilization

a ch (ch bt ng sn) cch bit

a phn ca hp doanh; Nh nc cng ty.
Dch v ngn hng bn bun.
Dch v vic lm.
Im chy vng.

Absentee landlord
Corporate state
Wholesale banking
Employment Service
Specie points

Disadvantaged workers

Phn phi ri rc
Bin gin on
Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch ch ng.
Nhng mc li nhun vt tri
S n nh c can thip

Page 27

economic

Discriminating monopoly

c quyn phn bit i x; c quyn c phn bit.

im cc mn; im hon ton tho mn

Bliss point

Discrimination
Discriminatory pricing
Diseconomies of growth
Diseconomies of scale

S phn bit i s.
nh gi c phn bit
Tnh phi kinh t do tng trng
Tnh phi kinh t do quy m.

im ngot
im nhp khu vng.
im th trng bn sch.
im tnh ti.

Turning point
Gold import point
Market clearing
Stationary point

Disembodied technical progress

Tin b k thut ngoi ti; Tin b k thut tch ri.

im ta mng manh.

Knife edge

Disequilibrium
Disguised unemployment

Trng thi bt cn; Trng thi khng cn bng

Tht nghip tr hnh.

Point of inflexion
Gold export point

Disincentive

Tr ngi

Disinflation
Disintermediation
Disinvestment
Dispersion

Qu trnh gim lm pht.

Qu trnh xo b trung gian; Phi trung gian.
Gim u t.
Phn tn.

im un.
im xut khu vng.
Din n ca Lin hip quc v thng mi v Pht
trin.
iu chnh thi v.
iu chnh tng phn.
iu khon dnh cho nhng ngi c chc.
iu khon di ng gi.

Displacement effect

Hiu ng chuyn di; Hiu ng thay i trng thi.

iu khon ti hu quc.

Most favoured nation clause

iu kin o hm bc hai.

Second order condition

iu kin o hm bc I.
iu kin khc gi nguyn
iu phi chnh sch.

First order condition

Ceteris paribus
Policy coordination

UNCTAD
Seasonal adjustment
Partial adjustment
Grandfather clause
Escalators

Dissaving
Distance cost
Distortions

Thu nhp kh dng; thu nhp kh tiu; Thu nhp kh

dng.
Gim tit kim.
Ph vn chuyn.
Bin dng

Distortions and market failure

Cc bin dng v tht bi ca th trng.

iu tit ngnh dch v cng cng.

Public utility regulation

Distortions and market failures

Cc bin dng v tht bi ca th trng.

iu tra chi tiu gia nh.

Family expenditure survey

Distributed lags

tr c phn phi.

inh l Gauss- Markov.

Gauss- Markov Theorem

Distributed profits

Li nhun c phn phi.

nh gi (hin tng) pht sinh; Vic nh gi bt thng Contingent valuation

Distribution
Distribution (stats)
Distribution function
Distribution, theories of
Distributional equity
Distributional wage

Phn phi.
Phn phi.
Chc nng phn phi.
Cc l thuyt phn phi.
Cng bng trong phn phi.
Trng s phn phi
S xem xt kha cnh phn phi; BIN MINH PHN
PHi.

nh gi chuyn nhng.
nh gi c phn bit
nh gi bn ph gi.
nh gi gii hn.
nh gi Ramsay.
nh gi theo chi ph bnh qun.

Transfer pricing
Discriminatory pricing
Predatory pricing
Limit pricing
Ramsey pricing
Average cost pricing

nh gi theo chi ph cn bin.

Marginal cost pricing

Disposable income

Distributive judgement

Page 28

economic

Distributive justice

Cng bng v kha cnh phn phi

Full cost pricing

Phn r; phn k; Sai bit.

Chu k phn r; Chu k bng n.
a dng ho.
Ngi u t a dng.
C tc.
Mc bo chng c tc.
T s tr c tc

nh gi theo chi ph y .
'nh gi theo chi ph nh mc; nh gi theo chi ph
thng thng.
nh gi theo mc tiu th nh; nh gi theo tiu dng
cao im.
nh hng theo u vo.
nh hng theo th trng.
nh lut Wagner
nh l Coase.
nh l c tri trung dung.
nh l Euler
nh l gii hn trung tm.

Disturbance term

Sai s.

Disutility

bt tho dung.

Divergence
Divergent cycle
Diversification
Diversifier
Dividend
Dividend cover
Dividend payout ratio
Dividend yield

Li c tc.

nh l hng ho a hp

Composite commodity theorem

Division of labour

Phn cng lao ng.

nh l mng nhn.

Cobweb theorem

Dollar certificate of deposite

Giy chng nhn tin gi la.

nh l Ricardo v tnh tng ng .

Ricardian equivalence theorem

Dollar standard

nh l Rybczcynski.

Rybczcynski theorem

nh l Stolper-Samuelson.

Stolper-Samuelson Theorem

Domestic absorption

Bn v la
Tng trng hng ni; Tng trng hng vo th
trng ni a.
S hp thu trong nc.

nh l v s tn ti.

Existence, theorem of

Domestic credit expansion

Tn dng trong nc (DCE).

nh l v tnh bt kh th; nh l v iu khng th c. Impossibility Theorem

Domestic resources cost

Chi ph ti nguyn trong nc.

nh mc tng lng.

Norm

Dominant firm price leadership

Gi ca hng khng ch.

nh mc tn dng

Credit rationing

Doolittle method

Phng php Doolittle

nh mc vn

Double counting

Tnh hai ln; Tnh lp

nh ph bnh qun ngn hn.

Capital rationing
Short run average fixed cost
(AFC)

Domestic - oriented growth

Double factorial terms of trade

T gi ngoi thng c tnh n gi ca cc yu t sn

xut ca c hai bn.
Chuyn i tr li.

Normal cost pricing

Peak-load pricing
Input orientation
Market orientation
Wagner's law
Coase's theorem
Median Vote Theorem
Euler's theorem
Central Limit Theorem.

nh ph ngn hn.

Short run fixed cost (AFC)

nh thc (hay Del hoc c k hiu |A|).

Determinant

nh thu hai ln v trnh nh thu hai ln.

bt tho dung.

Disutility

Double-coincidence of wants

S hi t lp v nhu cu; S trng hp nhu cu.

bin thin.

Variability

Dow Jones index

Dual decision hypothesis

Ch s Dow Jones.
Gi thuyt quyt nh kp

D b iu tit; Xo iu tit; Phi iu tit.

co gin

Deregulation
Elasticity

Double switching
Double taxation and double
taxation relief.

Page 29

economic

Dual labour market hypothesis

Gi thit th trng lao ng hai cp.

co gin cho ca cu

Cross elasticity of demand

Dualism, theory of
Duality

L thuyt nh nguyn
Phng php i ngu.

co gin ca cu theo gi.

co gin ca cu.

Price elasticity of demand

Elasticity of demand

Dummy variable

Bin gi.

co gin ca s thay th u vo.

Elasticity of input substitution

Dummy Variable
Dumping

Bin s gi.
Bn ph gi.

co gin hnh cung ca cu

co gin kh bin hm sn xut thay th.

Arc elasticity of demand

VES production function

Duopoly

Lng c quyn bn.

co gin theo gi cho ca cu.

Cross price elasticity of demand

Duopsony
Duration of unemployment
Durbin h - statistic

Lng c quyn mua.

Thi gian tht nghip
S thng k Durbin - h

D dm.
lch chun.
lch chun.

Tatonnement
Standard deviation
Standard deviation

Durbin- Watson

S thng k (d hoc D.W.).

lch do phng trnh ng thi.

Simultaneous equation bias

Dynamic economics
Dynamic externalities
Dynamic model
Dynamic peg
Dynamic programming
Dynamic theories of comparative
advantage.
Earmaking
Earning
Earnings driff

Kinh t hc ng.
Cc ngoi hng ng; Ngoi ng ng.
M hnh kinh t ng.
T gi hi oi neo ng.
Quy hoch ng.

lch.
lch.
nhy theo li sut.
phi tho dng cn bin.
th ri.

Bias
Deviation
Interest sensitivity
Marginal disutility
Scatter diagram

Cc l thuyt ng v li th so snh.

tho dng bin gim dn.

Diminishing marginal utility

Dnh cho mc ch ring.

Thu nhp.
Khuynh hng tng thu nhp.

Marginal utility of income

Marginal utility of money
Marginal utility

Earnings function

Hm thu nhp.

tho dng cn bin ca thu nhp.

tho dng cn bin ca tin.
tho dng cn bin.
tho dng im ho; tho dng, khong cch
gia cc mc tho dng.

Easy / tight monetary or fiscal

policy

Chnh sch tin t v ti kho lng/cht; Chnh sch ni

lng / tht cht tin t hay thu chi ngn sch.

tho dng ph thuc ln nhau.

Interdependent utility

Easy money
EC Agricultural Livies
Eclectic Keynesian
Econometric model
Econometrics
Economic base
Economic base multiplier
Economic community

Tin d vay.
Thu nng nghip ca EC
Ngi theo thuyt Keynes chit trung.
M hnh kinh t lng.
Mn kinh t lng.
C s kinh t.
Nhn t c s kinh t.
Cng ng kinh t.

tho dng theo th t.

tho dng.
tr Almon.
tr bn ngoi.
tr bn trong.
tr cp s nhn.
tr c phn phi.
tr ca nng nghip

Ordinal utility
Utility
Almon lag
Outside lag
Inside lag
Geometric lag
Distributed lags
Agricultural lag

Page 30

Cardinal utility

economic

Economic Co-operation
Administration
Economic cost
Economic development
Economic development
Committee

C quan Hp tc kinh t.

tr ca vic ra quyt nh

Decision lag

Chi ph kinh t.
Pht trin kinh t.

tr a thc; tr ca biu thc i s.

tr iu chnh.

Polynomial lag
Adjustment lag

U ban Pht trin kinh t.

tr do hnh chnh

Administrative lag

Economic development Institute

Vin Pht trin kinh t.

tr k vng; tr d tnh

Expectations lag

Economic dynamics
Economic efficiency
Economic good
Economic growth
Economic imperialism
Economic liberialism
Economic man
Economic planning
Economic policy
Economic price
Economic profit
Economic rate of return
Economic rent
Economic surplus

ng hc kinh t.
Hiu qu kinh t.
Hng ho kinh t.
Tng trng kinh t.
quc kinh t.
Ch ngha t do kinh t.
Con ngi kinh t.
Hoch nh kinh t.
Chnh sch kinh t.
Gi kinh t.
Li nhun kinh t.
T sut li nhun kinh t.
Tin thu kinh t, t kinh t, c li kinh t.
Thng d kinh t.

tr thc hin.
tr trung gian.
Doanh nghip dng ch U.
Doanh nghip dng M
Doanh thu bnh qun.
Doanh thu cn bin.
Doanh thu tng.
Doanh thu, kim ngch.
Doanh thu.
c canh
c quyn n v.
c quyn mua.
c quyn nh khng gian; c quyn vng.
c quyn nhm c kt cu.

Implementation lag
Intermediate lag
U-form enterprise
M-form enterprise
Average revenue
Marginal revenue
Total Revenue
Turnover
Revenue
Monoculture
Unit Trust
Monopsony
Spatial monopoly
Collusive oligopoly

Economic theory of polities

L thuyt chnh tr da trn kinh t.

c quyn phn bit i x; c quyn c phn bit.

Discriminating monopoly

Economic union
Economic welfare
Economics

Cng ng kinh t.
Phc li kinh t.
Kinh t hc.

c quyn song phng.

c quyn t nhin.
c quyn tuyt i.

Bilateral monopoly
Natural monopoly
Absolute monopoly

Economies of learning

Tnh kinh t nh hc hnh; Li ch kinh t do hc tp

c quyn.

Monopoly

Economies of scale

Tnh kinh t nh qui m; Li th kinh t nh quy m.

i mi, ci t.

Perestroika

Economy of high wages

Effective exchange rate
Effective protection
Effective rate of protection

Nn kinh t c tin cng cao.

T gi hi oi hiu dng
Bo h hu dng; Bo h hu hiu.
T l bo h hu dng; Thu bo h hu hiu.

i n, o n; cp vn, ti tr.
i xng
n v hiu qu.
n v K ton Chu u.

Effective rate of return

Sut sinh li hiu dng.

n v K ton Tin t Chu u.

Effective rate of tax

Mc thu hu dng; Thu sut h hu hiu.

n v k ton.

Funding
Symmetric
Efficiency units
European Unit of Account
European Monetary Unit of
Account
Unit of account

Page 31

economic

Efficiency
Efficiency coefficient of
investment
Efficiency earnings
Efficiency units
Efficiency wage theory

Tnh hiu qu; Tnh hiu dng.

n v thng d.

Surplus unit

H s hiu qa u t.

n v thng lng; n v mc c.

Bargaining unit

Thu nhp hiu qu.

n v hiu qu.
L thuyt tin cng hiu qu.

n v tin t Chu u.
n v tnh ton.
ng bng Anh th ni.

European Currency Unit

Numeraire
Floating pound

Efficiency wages

Tin cng hiu qu; tin lng hiu dng/ hiu qu.

ng bng xanh

Green pound

Efficient asset market

Th trng ti sn c hiu dng/ hiu qu.

ng c u c tin.

Efficient market hypothesis

Gi thuyt v th trng c hiu qu.

ng c d phng.

Efficient resource allocation

S phn b ngun lc c hiu qu

ng c gi tin giao dch.

Effort aversion

Ngn n lc; Khng thch n lc.

ng c li nhun

Speculative motive for holding

money
Precautionary motive
Transactions motive for holding
money
Profit motive

Elastic and unit elastic demand

Nhu cu co gin v co gin mt n v.

ng h s.

Cofactor

Elasticity
Elasticity of demand

co gin
co gin ca cu.

ng hc kinh t.
ng lin kt

Economic dynamics
Cointegration

Elasticity of input substitution

co gin ca s thay th u vo.

ng nht thc ca thu nhp quc dn.

National Income Identities

Eligible asset ratio

Eligible paper
Elitist good

T s ti sn d tr.
Giy t tiu chun chit khu.
Hng xa x

ng nht thc ca thu nhp quc dn.

ng nht thc.
ng nht tuyn tnh.

Nationalized indentities
Identity
Linear nomogenous

Embodied technical progress

Tin b k thut ni hm; Tin b hm cha k thut.

ng quyt nh.

Co-determination

Emoluments
Employment Service

Khon th lao; Th lao ngoi lng chnh

Dch v vic lm.

Dng thanh ton lun chuyn.

ng tin ca b ti chnh.

Circular flow of payments

Treasury note

Employment subsidies

Tr cp vic lm.

Dng tin chit khu; Lung tin chit khu

Discounted cash flow (DCF)

Encompassing test

Php kim nghim vy; Php kim nghim vng bin.

ng tin nh gi thp.

Undervalue currency

Endogeneous consumption

Tiu dng ni sinh.

ng tin d tr.

Reserve currency

Endogenous income hypothesis

Gi thit thu nhp ni sinh

ng tin him.

Scarce currency

Endogenous money supply

Endogenous variable
Endowment effect
Energy intensity

Cung tin t ni sinh.

Bin ni sinh.
Hiu ng hng c.
Cng s dng nng lng.

ng tin phng tin.

ng tin yu.
Dng, lung, Lu lng.
D bo.

Vehicle currency
Soft currency
Flow
Prediction

Page 32

economic

Enfranchisement of the
nomenklatura
Engagements
Engineering method
Entitlement principle
Entrepreneur

c quyn ca gii chc.

D co gin im ca cu.

Point elasticity of demand

Tuyn dng (hay thu mi).

Phng php k thut.
Nguyn tc c quyn.
Ch doanh nghip.

D on
D liu dc.
D liu gp.
D nghch.

Forecasting
Longitudinal data
Pooled data
Active balance

Entrepreneurial supply price

Gi cung ng ca doanh nghip.

D tr bt buc.

Required reserves

Entrepreneurship
Entry and exit
Entry barriers
Entry forestalling price

Kh nng, s lm ch ca doanh nghip.

Nhp nghnh v xut ngnh.
Ro cn nhp nghnh.
Gi ngn chn nhp ngnh.

D tr ngoi hi.
D tr ngoi hi.
D tr ngoi hi.
D tr pht sinh

Exchange reserves
External reserve
Foreign exchange reserve
Contingency reserve

Entry preventing price

Gi ngn chn nhp ngnh.

D tr ti sn v lung dch v.

Asset stocks and services flows

Environmental conditions
Environmental determinism

Nhng iu kin mi trng.

Quyt nh lun do mi trng.

D tr t do.
D tr vng.

Free reserves
Gold reserve

Environmental impact analysis

Phn tch tc ng mi trng.

D tr.

Stocks

Equal advantage
Equal Employment Opportunity
Commision
Equal pay

Li th bnh ng, Li th ngang bng.

Dung lng tin.

Money stock

U ban C hi vic lm bnh ng/ngang bng.

Dung lng vn

Capital stock

Tr lng ngang nhau; tr lng bnh ng.

L thuyt hy sinh ngang nhau; l thuyt hy sinh bnh
ng.
Cc khon tr cp cn bng.

Dung lng vn mong mun.

Desired capital stock

ng bng quan cng ng.

Community indifference curve

Equalization grants
Equalizing differences, the theory
Lhuyt cn bng chnh lch
of
Equation of exchange
Phng trnh trao i.

ng bng quan, ng ng dng.

Indifference curve

ng bnh trng; ng m rng

Expansion path

ng biu th xu th sn lng.

Trend output path

Equilibrium

Cn bng

ng cu ca th trng i vi lao ng.

Market demand curve for labour

Equilibrium aggregate output

Tng sn lng cn bng.

ng cu ca th trng.

Market demand curve

Equilibrium error

Sai s cn bng

ng cu c b.

Compensated demand curves

Equilibrium level of national

income

Mc cn bng ca thu nhp quc gia

ng cu gp; ng tng cu

Aggregate demand curve

Equilibrium price

Gi cn bng

ng cu vi th phn bt bin.

Constant market share demand

curve

Equal sacrifice theories

Page 33

economic

Equilibrium rate of inflation

Equilizing wage diffirentials
Equities

T l lm pht cn bng.
Cn bng cc mc chnh lch tin cng.
C phn

ng cu.
ng cho hng.
ng cung gp; ng tng cung.

Equity

Cng bng

ng cung lao ng cong v pha sau.

Equity
Equity capital

Vn c phn.
Vn c phn
Thang/h s/ t l/qui m qui i mc sng tng
ng; Quy m tng ng.
Thang/h s/ t l/qui m qui i hng ho tiu dng
tng ng.

ng cung lao ng trng k.

ng cung.

Demand curve
Offer curve
Aggregate supply curve
Backward bending supply curve
of labour
Secular supply curve
Supply curve

ng ng chi.

Iso-outlay line

ng ng ph.

Iso-cost curve

Equivalent income scale

Thang/h s/ t l/qui m qui i thu nhp tng ng

ng ng sn phm.

Iso-product curve

Equivalent variation

Mc bin ng tng ng
Cc m hnh hiu chnh sai s; Cc m hnh sa cha
sai s.

ng ng thu.

Iso-revenue line (curve)

ng nh gi.

Valuation curve

Error learning process

Qu trnh nhn bit sai s.

ng gii hn kh nng sn xut.

Production Possibility frontier

Errors variables

Sai s trong bin s (hay sai s trong cc php o).

ng gii hn kh nng tho dng tnh th.

Situation utility possibility frontier

Escalators

iu khon di ng gi.

ng hp ng

Contract curve

Estate duty

Thu di sn (thu ti sn tha k).

ng kh nng sn xut.

Production Possibility curve

Estate economy

Nn kinh t n in.

ng kh nng tho dng im.

Point utility possibility curve

Estimation
Euler's theorem
Eurocurrency market

S c lng.
nh l Euler
Th trng tin t Chu U.

ng LM.
ng ngn sch
ng Phillips b sung.

LM curve
Budget line
Augmented Phillips curve

European Agricultural Guidance

and Guaranted Fund

Qu Bo m v Hng dn Nng nghip Chu u.

ng Phillips di hn.

Long run Phillips curve

Ngn hng ti thit v Pht trin Chu U.

ng Phillips thng ng.

Vertical Phillips curve

Cng ng Than v thp Chu u.

ng tng trng.

Growth path

Th trng chung Chu u.

ng tim cn.

Asymptote

Equivalance scale
Equivalent commodity scale

Error correction models (ECMs)

European Bank for

Reconstruction and
Development
European Coal and Steel
Community
European Commom Market

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economic

European Community

Cng ng Chu u.

ng tiu dng thu nhp.

Income consumption curve

European Community Budget

Ngn sch Cng ng Chu u.

ng tng chi ph di hn.

Lon run total cost curve

European Currency Unit

n v tin t Chu u.

Duy tr thu nhp.

Income maintenance

European Devolopment Fund

Qu pht trin Chu u.

Gnh nng n theo.

Dependency burden

European Economic Community Cng ng Kinh t Chu u.

Gnh nng thu qu mc.

Excess burden

European Free Trade Association Hip hi Mu dch t do Chu u.

Gnh nng thu.

Tax burden

European Fund
European Investment Bank

Qu Chu u.
Ngn hng u t Chu u.

Gnh nng v ch ca thu kho.

GDP c cn i

Dead weight tax burden

Balanced GDP

European Monetary Agreement

Hip nh tin t Chu u.

GDP theo chi ph sn xut.

GDP at factor cost

Qu hp tc Tin t Chu U.

GDP theo gi th trng.

GDP at market prices

Qu Tin t Chu U.

GDP v thu nhp quc dn.

GDP and nation income

H thng tin t chu u.

Ghi c thu.

Tax credit

n v K ton Tin t Chu u.

Ghi n trc tip.

Direct debit

Lin minh Thanh ton Chu u.

Gi / T sut u i.

Concesionary prices / rates

Gi n.

Hedonic price

Qu Pht trin Khu vc Chu u.

Gi bn kiu M.

America selling price

Qu X hi Chu U.
n v K ton Chu u.
S tin trin ca tnh hnh kinh t.
T trc; D tnh; d nh
t sau; sau
Kim nghim chnh xc.
Gnh nng thu qu mc.
Cng sut d; cng sut tha; Tha nng lc, tha
cng sut.

Gi bt bin v gi linh hot.

Gi bng
Gi cn bng
Gi cho.
Gi c nh / gi bn khng i.
Gi c phiu.
Gi cng bng.

Fixprice and flexprice

Shadow price
Equilibrium price
Offer price
Constant prices
Share price
Just price

Gi ca hng khng ch.

Dominant firm price leadership

L thuyt cng sut d/tha; Thuyt tha cng sut.

Gi ca khu.

Border price

European Monetary Cooperation Fund

European Monetary Fund
European Monetary System
(EMS)
European Monetary Unit of
Account
European Payments Union

European Recovery Programme. Chng trnh Phc hng Chu u.

European Regional Development
Fund.
European Social Fund.
European Unit of Account
Evolving market condition
Ex ante
Ex post
Exact test
Excess burden
Excess capacity
Excess capacity theory

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economic

Excess demand

Mc cu d; D cu.

Gi ca tin.

Money price

Excess productive capacity (Idle

T liu sn xut nhn ri.
Excess goods)

Gi cung ng ca doanh nghip.

Entrepreneurial supply price

Excess profit

Li vt.

Gi y.

Price-push

Excess reserves

Khon d tr d; D tr d.

Gi ng ca, cui ngy (th trng chng khon).

Shut down price

Excess supply

Mc cung d; D cung

Gi hin hnh (thi gi).

Current prices

Excess wage tax

Thu chng lng vt; Thu chng tng lng

Gi k ton.

Accounting price

Exchange
Exchange control

Trao i
Qun l ngoi hi.

Gi khng tnh ph vn ti, gi FOB.

Gi kinh t.

FOB
Economic price

Exchange Equalization Account

Qu bnh n Hi oi.

Gi lc ng ca.

Closing prices

Exchange rate
Exchange rate Mechanism
Exchange rate speculation
Exchange reserves
Exchequer
Excise duty

T gi hi oi.
C ch t gi hi oi.
S u c t gi hi oi.
D tr ngoi hi.
Kho bc, ngn kh Anh.
Thu tiu th c bit.

Gi m ca.
Gi ngn chn nhp ngnh.
Gi ngn chn nhp ngnh.
Gi ti chnh.
Gi thit Khng.
Gi thit sng lc.

Opening prices
Entry forestalling price
Entry preventing price
Financial price
Null hypothesis
Screening hypothesis

Excise taxes

Cc mc thu trn tng mt hng.

Gi thit th trng lao ng hai cp.

Dual labour market hypothesis

Excludable

C th loi tr.

Gi thit thu nhp ni sinh

Endogenous income hypothesis

Exclusion

Loi tr

Gi thc t v thu nhp thc t

Real prices and real income

Exclusion principle
Executive

Nguyn tc loi tr.

Ngi iu hnh.

Gi thuyt Bernoulli.
Gi thuyt chn p

Bernoulli Hypothesis
Crowding hypothesis

Exempt goods

Hng ho c min thu gi tr gia tng.

Gi thuyt cng nhn thm vo.

Additional worker hypothesis

Exhaustive voting
Existence, theorem of

Cch b phiu thu o.

nh l v s tn ti.

Gi thuyt lng cc.

Gi thuyt quyt nh kp

Bifurcation Hypothesis
Dual decision hypothesis

Exit-voice model

M hnh ni rt lui.

Gi thuyt thu nhp thng xuyn.

Permanent income hypothesis

Exogeneity

Yu t ngoi sinh.

Gi thuyt thu nhp tuyt i.

Absolute income hypothesis

Exogeneity of money supply

S ngoi sinh ca cung tin t.

Gi thuyt v cng nhn nn lng.

Discouraged Worker Hypothesis

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economic

Exogenous
Exogenous variable
Exogenuos expectations

(thuc) ngoi sinh.

Bin ngoi sinh.
Nhng d tnh ngoi sinh.

Gi thuyt v hiu ng dch chuyn.

Gi thuyt v hiu ng lan to.
Gi thuyt v hiu ng quay.

Shift effect hypothesis

Spillover hypothesis
Pivot effect hypothesis

Expansion path

ng bnh trng; ng m rng

Gi thuyt v s la chn t nhin.

Natural selection hypothesis

Expansionary phase

Giai on bnh trng; Giai on tng trng.

Gi thuyt v th trng c hiu qu.

Efficient market hypothesis

Expasionary fiscal policy

Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch m rng.

Gi thuyt v thu nhp lu di.

Personal income Hypothesis

Expatriate
Expectations

Chuyn gia (t cc nc pht trin)

K vng; d tnh.

Gi thuyt v thu nhp tng i.

Gi thuyt v tnh minh bch.

Relative income hypothesis

Visibility hypothesis

Expectations lag

tr k vng; tr d tnh

Gi thuyt v ti a ho doanh thu.

Sales maximization hypothesis

Expectations, augmented

Bin b sung v d tnh.

Gi thuyt v vn ho ngho kh

Culture of poverty hypothesis

Expected inflation

Lm pht d tnh c.

Expected inflation

Mc lmp pht k vng; Lm pht d tnh

Gi thuyt v vng i, thu nhp theo vng i / Chu k

Life-cycle hypothesis
tui th sn phm.
Gia tc dng n gin.
Naive accelerator

Expected net returns

Mc li tc rng k vng; Li tc rng d tnh.

Gi tr c th nh thu.

Rateable value

Gi tr c th so snh.

Comparable worth

Gi tr ca hp ng mua bn trc.
Gi tr ca quyn la chn.
Gi tr ca Z.

Quasi-option value
Option value
Z-score

Gi tr cc i.

Maximum

Gi tr danh ngha, mnh gi.

Par value

Gi tr danh ngha.
Gi tr c vn ho
Gi tr gia tng.
Gi tr hin ti rng.
Gi tr hin ti.
Gi tr k vng; gi tr d tnh.
Gi tr ngang gi ca vng.

Nominal value
Capitalized value
Value added
Net present value
Present value
Expected value
Par value of gold

Gi tr ngoi lai.

Outlier

Expected value
Expenditure approach
Expenditure tax

L thuyt tho dng k vng; Thuyt tho dng d

tnh.
Gi tr k vng; gi tr d tnh.
Phng php da vo chi tiu ( tnh GDP).
Thu chi tiu

Expenditure-switching policies

Cc chnh sch chuyn i chi tiu.

Expected utility theory

Expenditure-variation controls
Expense preference
Explanatory variable
Explicit function
Exploitation
Explosive cycle
Exponential
Export
Export Credit Guarantee
Department.

Kim sot mc bin ng trong chi tiu; Kim sot s

thay i ca chi tiu.
u tin chi tiu.
Bin gii thch
Hm hin
Khai thc; bc lt.
Chu k bng n.
Thuc s m, thuc hm m.
Xut khu, hng xut khu.
Cc Bo m tn dng xut khu.

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economic

Export promotion

Khuyn khch xut khu.

Gi tr rng theo s sch.

Net book value

Export-import bank

Ngn hng xut nhp khu.

Gi tr s dng v gi tr trao i.

Use value and exchange value

Export-led growth

Tng trng da vo xut khu.

Gi tr thng d.

Surplus value

Export-oriented industrialization

Cng nghip ho theo hng xut khu.

Gi tr thanh l.

Salvage

Extensive margin
External balace
External balance
External deficit

Gi tr tin thu n.
Gi tr ti hn
Gi tr ti thiu.
Gi tr trn s sch

Implicit rental value

Critical value
Minimum
Book value

Gi tr tng lai.

Future value

Gi tr tuyt i.

Modulus

Gi t nhin.

Natural price

External finance

Mc cn bin qung canh.

Cn bng i ngoi; Cn bng bn ngoi.
Cn bng bn ngoi.
Thm ht i ngoi; Thm ht bn ngoi.
nh hng phi kinh t t bn ngoi; Tnh phi kinh t t
bn ngoi
nh hng kinh t v phi kinh t t bn ngoi theo quy
m.
nh hng kinh t t bn ngoi; Tnh kinh t t bn
ngoi
(Ngun) ti chnh t bn ngoi.

Gi tng i.

Relative price

External financial limits

Mc gii hn ngun ti chnh t bn ngoi.

Giai on bnh trng; Giai on tng trng.

Expansionary phase

External growth

Tng trng ngoi ng; Tng trng do bn ngoi.

Giai on gc.

Base period

External labour market

External reserve
Externalities
Extraneous information
Extrapolative expectation
Extrema

Th trng lao ng bn ngoi.

D tr ngoi hi.
Cc ngoi hng; Cc ngoi ng
Thng tin khng lin quan
K vng ngoi suy; Nhng d tnh ngoi suy.
Cc cc tr.

Giai on lng du.

Giai on suy gim; Giai on thu hp
Gii php kh x.
Gii php Nash.
Giai tha.
Gii tch.

Extrema Keynesian

Ngi theo thuyt Keynes cc oan.

Gim u t vo tn kho khng d kin.

Cooling off period

Contractionary phase
Cornor solution
Nash solution
Factorial
Caculus
Unintended inventory
disinvestment

Factor augmenting technical

progress

Tin b k thut gia tng nh hng ca yu t.

Gim u t.

Disinvestment

Gim c iu hnh.

Managing director

Gim pht

Deflation

Gim tit kim.

Dissaving

Giao

Intersection

External diseconomy
External economies &
diseconomies of scale
External economy

Factor endowment
Factor incomes
Factor intensity
Factor proportion

Ngun lc sn c; Ngun ti nguyn sn c; S s hu

cc yu t sn xut; tnh sn c, lng cc yu t sn
xut.
Thu nhp t yu t sn xut.
Mc / cng huy ng (s dng) cc yu t sn
xut.
T l cc yu t sn xut.

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economic

Factor reverals
Factor substitution effect
Factor utilization
Factorial
Factoring

S o ngc cc yu t sn xut.
Tc ng thay th yu t sn xut.
S s dng yu t sn xut.
Giai tha.
Bao thanh ton; mua n; Gii thot n.

Giao dch / thng v.

Giao dch t nh
Giao hng ti bn.
Giy bc ca ngn hng.
Giy chng gi vng.

Transaction
Autonomous transactions
Free on board
Bank note
Gold certificate

Factor-price equalization

S cn bng yu t sn xut - gi c.

Giy chng nhn tin gi la.

Dollar certificate of deposite

Factor-price frontier
Factors of production
Fair comparisons
Fair rate of return
Fair trade law
Fair trading, Office of
Fair wages

Giy chng nhn tin gi.

Giy t tiu chun chit khu.
Gii hn a l.
Gii hn gi c nhn t chnh.
Gii hn sn xut.
Gii hn thm canh.
Gii hn yu t sn xut - gi c.

Certificate of deposit
Eligible paper
Geographic frontier
Grand factor price frontier
Production frontier
Intensive margin
Factor-price frontier

Gc to / gc phn t.

Quadrant

Gradient mt .
Gradient tin thu.
H tng c s.

Density gradient
Rent gradient
Infrastructure

Hch ton chi ph thay th.

Replacement cost accounting

Feasibility study
Featherbedding

Gii hn yu t sn xut - gi c.
Cc yu t sn xut.
So snh cng ng.
T sut li tc cng bng.
Lut thng mi cng bng.
Vn phng thng mi cng bng.
Tin cng cng bng.
Ngu bin v hp th; 'Khi nim "sai lm do gm gp/
tng hp".
Thng mi la di.
Tn dng gia nh.
iu tra chi tiu gia nh.
(kinh t) nng nghip theo h gia nh; Nng nghip
theo n v gia nh.
Nghin cu kh thi.
Bo h, bo v; To vic lm (nhi lng nm).

Hch ton lm pht.

Hch ton theo chi ph hin ti.

Inflation accounting
Current cost accounting

Fed., the

T vit tt ca h thng d tr lin bang.

Hch ton Thu nhp quc dn.

National income accounting

Cng ty bo him tin gi Lin bang.

Hi ho quyn li.

Harmony of interests

Th trng Tin qu lin Bang.

Hm n.

Implicit function

H thng ngn hng cho vay ni b ca lin bang.

Hm cu

Demand function

Hip hi Cm c Quc gia lin bang

Hm cu iu chnh theo lng vn.

Stock-adjustment demand
function

Federal Open Market Committee U ban Th trng m Lin bang.

Hm cu do thi quen.

Habit-creating demand function

Federal Reserve Note

Federal Reserve System

Chng n ca Cc d tr Lin Bang

H thng D tr Lin bang.

Hm chuyn i.
Hm gi thu thu t.

Transformation function
Bid-rent function

Federal Trade Commission Act

o lut v Hi ng thng mi Lin bang.

Hm gi tr - tng trng.

Growth-valuation function

Fallacy of composition
False trading
Family credit
Family expenditure survey
Family-unit agriculture

Federal Deposit Insurance

Corporation (FDIC)
Federal Fund Market
Federal Home Loan Bank
System (FHLBS)
Federal Nation Mortgage
Association (FNMA)

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economic

Feedback/entrapment effects

Tc ng phn hi/by.

Hm hin

Explicit function

Feudalism
Fiat (or token) money
Fiat money
Fiduciary issue
Filter

Ch ngha phong kin.

Tin php nh.
Tin theo lut nh
Tin khng c bo lnh.
B lc.

Hm hp l
Hm Lgistic
Hm li (tnh li).
Hm li nhun
Hm li nhun - tng trng.

Likehood function
Logistic function
Convex function (convexity)
Profit function
Growth-profitability function

Filtering

Qu trnh lc.

Hm lm (tnh lm).

Concave function (concavity)

Final goods
Final goods
Final offer arbitration
Final product

Hng ho cui cng.

Hng ho cui cng.
(Phng n) trng ti ra quyt nh cui cng.
Sn phm cui cng.

Hm lu tha.
Hm mt xc xut.
Hm mc tiu.
Hm phi tuyn.

Finance

Ti chnh

Hm phc li x hi Bergson

Power function
Probability density function
Objective function
Non-linear function
Bergsonnian Social Walfare
Funtion

Finance Corporation for Industry Cng ty Ti chnh Cng nghip.

Hm phc li x hi.

Social welfare function

Finance deepening

Tng cng ti chnh; pht trin h thng ti chnh.

Hm phc li.

Welfare function

Finance house

Nh cung cp ti chnh; Cng ty ti chnh.

Th trng cc nh cung cp ti chnh; Th trng cng
ty ti chnh.

Hm quyt nh

Decision function

Hm sn xut chuyn dng l-ga-rt.

Translog production function

Financial Capital

Vn ti chnh.

Hm sn xut c cc h s c nh.

Financial displine

Nguyn tc ti chnh; K thut ti chnh.

hm sn xut c co gin thay th c nh.

Fixed coenfficients production

function
CES production function

Financial instrument

Cng c ti chnh.

Hm sn xut gp.

Aggregate production function

Financial intermediary

Trung gian ti chnh.

Hm sn xut thay th.

Surrogate production function

Financial price

Gi ti chnh.

Hm sn xut tru tng dng logarit

Financial rate of return

Sut sinh li ti chnh.

Hm sn xut tru tng.

Financial ratios

T s ti chnh.

Hm sn xut vi co gin thay th khng i.

Financial risk

Ri ro ti chnh.

Hm sn xut.

Finance houses market

Page 40

Transcendental logarithMIC
production function
Transcendental production
function
Constant Elasticity of
Substitution (CES) Production
Function
Production function

economic

Bo co ti chnh.

Hm s tiu dng cho

Cross-section consumption
function

Ch s gi c phiu thng k ca bo Financial Times.

Hm s.

Function

Ch s cng nghip ca bo Financial Times.

Hm tho dng bc hai.

Quadratic utility function

Nm ti chnh.
Tinh chnh.
Tm nhn/ khung tri hu hn.
B nh xc nh (hu hn).

Hm tho dng gin tip.

Hm tho dng ph tr.
Hm tho dng trong qun l.
Hm tho dng.

Indirect utility function

Additive utility function
Managerial utility function
Utility function

Firm

Hng sn xut.

Hm thu nhp rt gn.

Truncated earnings function

Firm, theory of the

L thuyt v hng.

Hm thu nhp.

Earnings function

Firm-specific human capital

Vn nhn lc c th i vi hng.

Hm thua l.

Loss function

First difference
First order condition

Vi phn bc I.
iu kin o hm bc I.

Hm Tit kim.
Hm tiu dng

Savings function
Consumption function

Fiscal decentralization

S phn cp thu kho; S phn cp ngn sch.

Hm tiu dng di hn.

Long run comsumption function

Fiscal drag

Sc cn ca thu kho.

Hm tiu dng ngn hn.

Short run consumption function

Fiscal federalism
Fiscal illusion

Ch ti kho theo m hnh lin bang.

o gic thu kho.

Consumption function
Linear function

Fiscal multiplier

Nhn t thu kho.

Hm Tiu dng.
Hm tuyn tnh.
Hn ch / Rng buc (khng chnh thc/ chnh thc)
ngoi quy nh/ theo quy nh.

Fiscal policy

Chnh sch thu kho; Chnh sch thu chi ngn sch.

Hn ch tin cng.

Wage restraint

Fiscal walfare benefits

Fisher equation
Fist-best and second-best
efficiency

Li ch phc li thu kho.

Phng trnh Fisher

Hn ch tn dng
Hn ch tn dng

Credit restrictions
Credit squeeze

Tnh hiu dng / hiu qu tt nht v tt nh.

Hn ch t l chi tiu.

Rate capping

Fixed / floating exchange rates

T gi hi oi c nh / th ni.

Hn ch xut khu t nguyn.

Voluntary export restraint

Fixed asset

Ti sn c nh.

Hn ch/ rng buc (khng chnh thc/ chnh thc;

ngoi quy nh/ theo quy nh).

Constrain informal/ formal

Hm sn xut c cc h s c nh.

Hn mc chi tiu, hn mc tin mt.

Cash limit

Chi ph c nh; nh ph.

Hn mc gi ngoi t

Currency retention quota

Financial statement
Financial Times Actuaries Share
Indices
Financial Times Industrial
Ordinary Index
Financial year
Fine turning
Finite horizon
Finite memory

Fixed coenfficients production

function
Fixed cost

Page 41

Constraint (informal / formal)

economic

Fixed exchange rate

T gi hi oi c nh.

Hn mc tin cng.

Wages freeze

Fixed factors

Cc yu t sn xut c nh; cc sn t c nh.

Hn ngch nhp khu.

Import quota

Fixed labour costs

Chi ph lao ng c nh.

Hn nghch xut khu / nhp khu.

Import / Export quota

Fixed proportions in production

T l c nh trong sn xut.

Hn nghch.

Quota

Fixed-price mdel
Fixprice and flexprice
Flat yield
Flexible exchange rate
Flexitime
Flight from cash
Float
Floating capital
Floating charge
Floating debt
Floating exchange rate
Floating pound
Flotation
Flow
Flow of funds analysis
Flow variable
FOB
Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO)
Footloose industries
Forced riders
Forced saving
Forecast error
Forecasting
Foreign aid
Foreign balance
Foreign exchange
Foreign exchange market
Foreign exchange reserve

Cc m hnh mc gi c nh.
Gi bt bin v gi linh hot.
Tin li ng lot.
T gi hi oi linh hot.
Thi gian lm vic linh hot.
B tin mt.
Tin tri ni.
Vn lun chuyn.
Ph linh ng
N th ni
T gi hi oi th ni.
ng bng Anh th ni.
Pht hnh.
Dng, lung, Lu lng.
Phn tch lung tin qu
Bin s mang tnh dng chy.
Gi khng tnh ph vn ti, gi FOB.
T chc Lng thc v Nng nghip ca Lin hp
quc.
Ngng rng cng; Ngnh khng c nh.
Ngi hng li bt buc.
Tit kim bt buc.
Sai s d on.
D on
Vin tr nc ngoi.
Cn cn thanh ton quc t.
Ngoi hi.
Th trng Ngoi hi.
D tr ngoi hi.

Hng ho theo v tr.

Hng chit khu
Hng ca ma trn.
Hng i din.
Hng do nh qun l kim sot.
Hng i hng.
Hng ho b tr
Hng ho club; Hng ho bn cng cng.
Hng ho cng cng a phng.
Hng ho cng cng khng thun tu.
Hng ho cng cng.
Hng ho cng loi mang nt c trng ring.
Hng ho cui cng.
Hng ho cui cng.
Hng ho c min thu gi tr gia tng.
Hng ho h ng; hng ho th cp
Hng ho hn hp.

Positional good
Discount house
Rank of a matrix
Representative firm
Manager controlled firm
Barter
Complements
Club good
Local public good
Impure public good
Public good
Differentiated goods
Final goods
Final goods
Exempt goods
Inferior good
Mixed good

Hng ho kinh t.

Economic good

Hng ho ring t.
Hng ho tp th.
Hng ho thng thng.
Hng ha tiu chun.
Hng ho trung gian.
Hng ho trung gian.
Hng khng khuyn dng.
Hng khuyn dng; Hng c li.
Hng lp th.
Hng min ph; Hng khng phi tr tin

Private good
Collective goods
Normal good
Standard commodity
Intermediate goods
Intermediate goods
Merit bad
Merit goods
Market maker
Freed good

Foreign investment

u t nc ngoi.

Hng ngoi thng v phi ngoi thng.

Traded and non-traded (goods)

Foreign payments

Thanh ton vi nc ngoi.

Hng sn xut a sn phm

Multiproduct firm

Page 42

economic

Foreign trade mutiplier

Nhn t ngoi thng.

Hng sn xut.

Firm

Forward and contingent market

Cc th trng nh trc v bt trc.

Hng s ch.

Primary commodities

Forward contract

Hp ng nh trc; Hp ng k hn.
Th trng hi oi nh trc; Th trng hi oi k
hn.
Lin kt xui.
Lin h xui.
Th trng nh trc; Th trng k hn.

Hng ti xut.

Re-export

Hng thay th v hng b tr.

Substitutes and complemnt

Hng thay th.

Hng thit yu.
Hng thu mua.

Substitute
Necessity
Raider firm

Cc th trng nh trc v th trng giao ngay.

Hng tiu dng lu bn

Consumer durable

Forward rate

T gi hi oi nh trc; t gi hi oi k hn.

Hang tn kho, d tr.

Inventories

Foundation grant

Tr cp c bn.

Hng v dch v tiu dng

Consumer goods and services

Fourier analysis

Phn tc Fourier

Hng xa x

Elitist good

Fractional reserve banking

Hot ng ngn hng bng cch d tr theo t l.

Hng xa x (cng coi l hng thng lu).

Luxury

Fractional reserve system

H thng d tr mt phn.

Hng xut khu c bn

Basic exports

Franked investment income

Thu nhp u t c min thu.

Hnh ng phi hp.

Concerted action

Free exchange rates

Free on board
Free reserves

T gi hi oi t do
Giao hng ti bn.
D tr t do.

Hnh vi c quyn nhm bn

Hnh vi phng on.
Hnh vi theo nh mc lng.

Oligopolistic
Conjectural behavior
Norm following behaviour

Free rider

Ngi xi cha; ngi n khng.

Hnh vi theo hng ch dn.

Guidepost following behaviour

Freed good
Freedom of entry
Free-rider problem
Frequency distribution
Frictional and structural
unemployment

Hng min ph; Hng khng phi tr tin

T do nhp ngnh.
Vn ngi "xi cha".
Phn b theo tn sut.
Tht nghip do ch chuyn ngh v do ch chuyn
ngh.

Hnh vi tho mn.

H s Alpha
H s chn.
H s chuyn i.

Satisficing behaviour
Alpha coeficient
Intercept
Conversion factor

H s chuyn mn ho.

Specialization, coefficient of

Frictional unemployment

Tht nghip do ch chuyn ngh

H s a tng quan.

Multiple correlation coefficient

Fringe benefit

Phc li phi tin t.

H s GINI.

Fuctional costing

Lp chi ph theo chc nng.

H s hiu qa u t.

Full bodied money

Tin quy c.

H s kh lm pht cho GDP.

Gini coefficient
Efficiency coefficient of
investment
GDP deflator

Forward exchange market

Forward intergration
Forward linkage
Forward market
Forward markets and spots
markets

Page 43

economic

Full cost
Full cost pricing
Full information maximum
likehood (FIML)

Chi ph y .
nh gi theo chi ph y .

H s khuych i.
H s phn tn ( phn tn tng i).

Multiplier coefficient
Coefficient of variation

c lng kh nng cc i khi c thng tin.

H s tp trung.

Concentration, coefficient of.

H s xc nh (H s tng quan bi s R bnh

phng).

Coefficient of determination

H thng Bretton Woods.

Bretton Woods system

H thng chuyn khon Giro

Giro system

Full-employment unemployment T l tht nghip t nhin mc nhn cng ton dng;

rate
T l tht nghip t nhin khi c vic lm.

H thng c in v thu cng ty

Classical system of company

taxation

Function

Hm s.

H thng im nh v c s.

Basing-point system

Function income distribution

Phn phi thu nhp theo chc nng.

H thng D tr Lin bang.

Federal Reserve System

Function of function rule

Funded debt

Quy tc hm ca mt hm s.
N v thi hn; N c ti tr.

Funding

i n, o n; cp vn, ti tr.

Future value

Gi tr tng lai.

H thng d tr mt phn.
H thng gi tng ng.
H thng lp ngn sch theo chng trnh k hoch
ho.
H thng neo t gi hi oi c th iu chnh.

Futures contract

Hp ng k hn

H thng ngn hng cho vay ni b ca lin bang.

Futures market
Gains from trade

Th trng k hn
Li ch ca thng mi.

H thng ti khon quc gia.

H thng thanh ton khuyn khch.

Fractional reserve system

Parity price system
Planning programming budgeting
system (PPBS)
Adjustable peg system
Federal Home Loan Bank
System (FHLBS)
National accounts
Incentive payment systems

Galloping inflation

Lm pht phi m.

H thng thanh ton quc t.

International payments system

Game theory

L thuyt tr chi.

H thng tin t chu u.

Gauss- Markov Theorem

inh l Gauss- Markov.

H thng u i ph cp; H thng u i chung.

GDP

Tng sn phm quc ni.

H thuyt; Lun thuyt.

European Monetary System

(EMS)
Generalized System of
Preferences (GSP)
Paradigm

GDP and nation income

GDP v thu nhp quc dn.

Ht tc ng, v hiu ho (bng chnh sch tin t).

Sterilization

GDP at factor cost

GDP theo chi ph sn xut.

Hin tng tr.

GDP at market prices

GDP theo gi th trng.

Hip nh chung v thu quan v thng mi.

Hysteresis
General Agreement of Tariffs and
Trade (GATT)

Ngn sch mc nhn cng ton dng; Ngn sch khi

c vic lm.
Thng d ngn sch mc nhn cng ton dng;
Full-employment budget surplus
Thng d ngn sch khi c vic lm.
Thu nhp quc dn mc nhn cng ton dng; Thu
Full-employment national income
nhp quc dn khi c vic lm.
Full-employment budget

Page 44

economic

GDP deflator

Hip nh tin t Chu u.

European Monetary Agreement

Gearing
S n khp, t s gia vn n v vn c phn
Gearing ratio
T s n khp
General Agreement of Tariffs and
Hip nh chung v thu quan v thng mi.
Trade (GATT)

Hip nh trao i hng.

Hip hi cc Nh pht hnh.

Barter agreements
Issuing House Association
Association of South East Asian
Nations (ASEAN)

General Agreement to Borrow

Tho thun Chung v i vay.

Hip hi cm c quc gia ca Chnh ph.

Government Nation Mortgage

Association (GNMA)

Hip c vay n chung.

Hip hi Cm c Quc gia lin bang

Federal Nation Mortgage

Association (FNMA)

S phn loi chung v cc hot ng kinh t trong Cng

ng chu u.

Hip hi Mu dch t do Chu u.

European Free Trade Association

General equilibrium

Cn bng chung; Cn bng tng th.

Hip hi nhng ngi bun bn tri khon quc t.

General grant

Tr cp chung.

Hip hi pht trin quc t

General human capital

Vn nhn lc mang c im chung; vn nhn lc

chung chung.

Hip hi Pht trin quc t.

General linear model (GLM)

M hnh tuyn tnh tng qut.

Hip hi thng mi t do M latinh.

General price level

Mc gi chung.

Hip phng sai ng nht.

Latin American Free Trade

Association (LAFTA)
Homoscedasticity

General Theory of Employment,

Interest and Money

L thuyt tng qut v Vic lm, Li sut v Tin t.

Hip phng sai khng ng nht.

Heteroscedasticity

General union

Cc nghip on.

Hip phng sai.

Covariance

Generalized least square (GLS)

Bnh phng nh nht tng qut.

Hip c Rome.

Treaty of Rome

H thng u i ph cp; H thng u i chung.

Hip c vay n chung.

Vng m phn Geneva.

Gii hn a l.

Hiu qu kinh t.
Hiu qu phn b.

General Arangement to borrow

(GAB)
Economic efficiency
Allocative efficiency

Geometric lag

tr cp s nhn.

Hiu sut cn bin ca u t.

Marginal efficiency of investment

Gifts tax

Thu qu tng.

Hiu sut cn bin ca vn.

Marginal efficiency of capital

Gilbrat's law of proportionate

growth

Lut Gilbrat v tng trng theo t l.

Hiu ng ARCH.

ARCH effect

General Arangement to borrow

(GAB)
General Classification of
Economic Activities in t

Generalized System of
Preferences (GSP)
Geneva Round
Geographic frontier

H s kh lm pht cho GDP.

Hip hi cc nc ng nam .

Page 45

Association of International Bond

Dealers
International Development
Association
IDA

economic

Gild-edged bonds

Tri phiu chnh ph c gi tr cao.

Hiu ng bnh cc.

Ratchet effect

Gilt- edged securities

Chng khon vin vng; Chng khon ho hng.

Hiu ng chuyn di; Hiu ng thay i trng thi.

Displacement effect

Gini coefficient
Giro system
Glejser test
GNP
Gold bricking
Gold certificate
Gold exchange standard
Gold export point
Gold import point
Gold points
Gold reserve
Gold standard
Goldbugs
Golden rule

H s GINI.
H thng chuyn khon Giro
Kim nh Glejser.
Tng sn phm quc dn.
Hot ng la di.
Giy chng gi vng.
Bn v trao i bng vng.
im xut khu vng.
im nhp khu vng.
Cc im vng.
D tr vng.
Bn v vng.
Nhng con mt vng.
Nguyn tc vng; Quy tc vng.

Hiu ng ca ci.
Hiu ng on tu
Hiu ng ua i.
Hiu ng gi.
Hiu ng hng c.
Hiu ng kt
Hiu ng lan to.
Hiu ng lan trn.
Hiu ng ngc.
Hiu ng Pigou
Hiu ng Roosa.
Hiu ng s d tin.
Hiu ng sc
Hiu ng thay th.

Weath effect
Bandwagon effect
Snob effect
Price effect
Endowment effect
Locking - in effect
Spillover
Spread effects
Backwash effects
Pigou effect
Roosa effect
Real balance effect
Shock effect
Substitution effect

Golden rule of accumulation

Nguyn tc vng v tch lu; Quy tc vng ca tch lu.

Hiu ng thu nhp, nh hng thu nhp.

Income effect

Goldfeld - Quandt

Kim nh Goldfeld - Quandt.

Hiu ng Veblen.

Veblen effect

Goodness of fit

Mc ph hp.

H cch / khong trng lm pht, chnh lch lm pht.

Inflationary gap

Goods

Cc hng ho tt.

H ng bng quan, bn ng ng dng.

Indifference map

Goodwill
Gosplan
Government deficit
Government expenditure

Thin ch.
U ban k hoch (Lin X).
Thm ht ca Chnh ph.
Chi tiu ca chnh ph.

H, khong trng suy thoi.

Ho gii
Ho gii.
Hoa hng mi gii.

Recessionary gap
Conciliation
Mediation
Brokerage

Government Nation Mortgage

Association (GNMA)

Hip hi cm c quc gia ca Chnh ph.

Hoch nh kinh t.

Economic planning

Government regulation

S iu tit ca chnh ph.

Hoch nh pht trin; Lp k hoch pht trin.

Development planning

Hon chuyn n thnh c phn.

Debt for equity swaps

Hon n/ gia hn n.

Debt rescheduling

Hon n; i n.

Debt conversion

Government securities
Chng khon ca chnh ph.
Government spending and net
Chi tiu ca chnh ph v thu rng.
taxes
Government spending on goods
Chi tiu ca chnh ph cho hng ho v dch v.
and services

Page 46

economic

Gradualism

Trng phi tun tin; Ch ngha tun tin; thuyt tun

tin.

Hon ton.

Gradualist monetarist

Ngi theo thuyt trng tin tun tin.

Hon tr n ca khu vc cng cng.

Graduate tax

Thu i hc

Hot ng la di.

Public Sector Debt Repayment

(PSDR)
Gold bricking

Grand factor price frontier

Gii hn gi c nhn t chnh.

Hot ng ngn hng bng cch d tr theo t l.

Fractional reserve banking

Grandfather clause
Granger causality
Grant

iu khon dnh cho nhng ngi c chc.

Tnh nhn qa Granger.
Tr cp.

Hc hi
Hc qua hnh
Hc thuyt qu lng.

Learning
learning by doing
Wages fund doctrine

Grant in aid

Tr cp di dng vin tr.

Hc thuyt tng trng tn c in.

Neo-classical growth theory

Gravity model

M hnh lc hp dn.

Hc thuyt v chi ph t bn ca Modigliani-Miller.

Modigliani-Miller theory of cost of

capital

Green pound

ng bng xanh

Hc thuyt v nng sut cn bin.

Marginal productivity doctrine

Green revolution
Gross barter terms of trade
Gross domestic fixed capital
formation

Cch mng Xanh.

Tng t l hng i hng.

Hc thuyt v nn kinh t t vn hnh.

Hc vic.

Tng t bn c nh trong nc.

Hi ng chng khon v u t.

Gross domestic product (GDP)

Tng sn phm quc ni.

Hi ng c vn kinh t.

Laissez - faire
Apprenticeship
Securities and Invesment Board
(SIB)
Council of Economic Advisors
(ECA).

Gross domestic product deflator

Ch s kh lm pht cho tng sn phm quc ni.

Hi ng la m Quc t.

International Wheat Council

Gross investment

Tng u t.

Hi ng pht trin kinh t quc gia.

National Economic Development

Council (NEDC)

Gross margin

Mc chnh gi gp.

Hi ng tng tr kinh t.

Comecon

Gross national income

Tng thu nhp quc dn.

Hi ng tng tr kinh t.

Council for Mutual economic

Assitance (Comecon)

Gross profit

Tng li nhun

Hi ngh Brussels.

Gross trading profit

Tng li nhun thng mi.

Hi ngh Lin hip quc v Thng mi v Pht trin.

Growth path
Growth rate
Growth theories of the firm

ng tng trng.
Tc tng trng.
Cc l thuyt v s tng trng ca hng.

Hi nhp khu vc.

Hi phiu i ngoi.
Hi phiu ngn hng.

Page 47

Collective exhaustive

Brussels conference
United Nations Conference on
Trade and Development
(UNCTAD)
Regional integration
Bill of exchange
Bank bill

economic

Growth theory
Growth-gap unemployment
Growth-profitability function
Growth-stock paradox
Growth-valuation function
Guaranteed week
Guidelines

L thuyt tng trng.

Tht nghip do chnh lch v tng trng.
Hm li nhun - tng trng.
Nghch l c phn tng trng.
Hm gi tr - tng trng.
Tun l bo m.
Nguyn tc ch o.

Hi phiu ni a.
Hi phiu thng mi.
Hi phiu thng mi.
Hi phiu.
Hi quy bi s.
Hi quy theo bc .
Hi quy.

Inland bill
Commercial bill
Trade bill
Bill
Multiple regression
Stepwise regression
Regression

Guidepost following behaviour

Hnh vi theo hng ch dn.

Hp tn c in.

Neo-classical synthesis

Guideposts

Cc ch dn.

Hp doanh; Cng ty.

Corporation

Habit-creating demand function

Hm cu do thi quen.

Hp ng bn km.

Tying contract

Halesbury Committee
Hammered

U ban Halesbury.
B g ba.

Hp ng bn trc.
Hp ng nh trc; Hp ng k hn.

Hard currency

Tin mnh.

Hp ng d phng.

Hard-core unemployed
Harmony of interests
Harrod Neutral Technical
Progress
Hedgers
Hedging

Nhng ngi tht nghip kh tm vic lm.

Hi ho quyn li.

Hp ng k hn
Hp ng mua bn trc.

Put option
Forward contract
Stand-by arrangement/
agreement
Futures contract
Option

Tin b k thut trung tnh ca Harrod.

Hp ng mua trc.

Call option

Nhng ngi t bo him.

Lp hng ro.

Hp ng tin cng
Hp l cc i.

Hedonic price

Gi n.

Hp nht theo tuyn ngang/ dc/ kt khi.

Hedonism

Ch ngha khoi lc.

Hp tc x ca cng nhn.

Wage contracts
Maximum likelihood
Horizontal / vertical /
conglomerate merger
Workers' co-operative

Heterogeneity

Tnh khng ng nht.

K ong hoa; Ngi bun bn chng khon ht ngn.

Stag

Heterogeneous capital
Heterogeneous product
Heteroscedasticity
Hidden unemployment
High risk premia
High-powered money
Hiring rate
Hiring standards
Histogram
Historical costs

Vn khng ng nht.
Sn phm khng ng nht.
Hip phng sai khng ng nht.
Tht nghip n.
Ph thng ri ro cao.
Tin mnh.
T l thu.
Cc tiu chun thu ngi.
Biu tn xut.
Chi ph lch s.

K hoch Corset.
K hoch ho ch dn.
K hoch ho tp trung.
K hoch lng.
K hoch tr gi.
K hoch White.
Kt cu.
Kt cc, kt qu c s.
Kt cc, kt qu.
Kh nng chuyn i

The Corset
Indicative planning
Central planing
Planometrics
Price support scheme
White plan
Collusion
Basic Outcome
Outcome
Convertibility

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economic

Historical model

Cc m hnh lch s.

Kh nng chuyn i trong nc ca tin yu.

Historical school
Historicism
Hoarding
Hoarding company
Homogeneity
Homogeneous functions
Homogeneous product

Trng phi lch s.

Ch ngha lch s.
u c tch tr.
Cng ty nm gi.
Tnh thun nht, tnh ng nht.
Cc hm ng nht.
Sn phm ng nht.

Kh nng chuyn hon.

Kh nng lu chuyn hon ho ca vn.
Kh nng thnh tu, tnh kh thi.
Kh nng, s lm ch ca doanh nghip.
Kh thng.
Khai thc; bc lt.
Khan him tuyt i .

Internal convertibility of soft

currencies
Liquility
Perfect capital mobility
Viability
Entrepreneurship
Tradable
Exploitation
Absolute scarcity

Homogeneous product functin

Cc hm sn xut ng nht.

Khu hao nhanh, khu hao gia tc.

Accelerated depreciation

Homoscedasticity
Horizontal / vertical /
conglomerate merger
Horizontal equity
Horizontal intergration

Hip phng sai ng nht.

Khu hao tch lu.

Accumulated depreciation

Hp nht theo tuyn ngang/ dc/ kt khi.

Khu hao, s xung gi.

Writing-down allowance

Cng bng theo phng ngang.

Lin kt theo phng ngang.

Khu hao.
Khu hao; s st gim gi tr.

Hot money

Tin nng.

Khu tr v chi ph vi thu cng ty.

Housing benefit

Li nhun nh .

Khu tr v chi ph vi thu thu nhp.

Human capital
Human wealth
Hyperinflation
Hypothesis testing
Hysteresis
IBBD

Vn nhn lc.
Ca ci ca con ngi.
Siu lm pht.
Kim nh gi thuyt.
Hin tng tr.
Ngn hng Ti thit v Pht trin.

Kho bc, ngn kh Anh.

Kho m, d tr bnh n
Khoa hc qun l.
Khon chi tiu ph thuc (vo mc thu nhp).
Khon chi tiu t nh.
Khon chi tr vnh cu.

Wear and tear

Depreciation
Allowances and expences for
corporation tax
Allowances and expencess for
income tax
Exchequer
Buffer stocks
Management science
Induced expenditure
Autonomous expenditure
Perpetuity

ICFC

Cng ty Ti chnh Cng nghip v Thng mi.

Khon d tr d; D tr d.

Excess reserves

ICOR

T l bin t gia vn v sn lng.

Khon khu tr cho s dng t bn.

Capital Consumption Allowance

IDA
Identification problem
Identity
Identity matrix
Idiosyncratic exchange
Idle balances

Hip hi Pht trin quc t.

Bi ton nhn dng.
ng nht thc.
Ma trn n v.
Trao i tnh cht ring; trao i t cht.
Tin nhn ri.

Khon li vn.
Khon l vn
Khon mt trng; khon tn tht v ch.
Khon th lao; Th lao ngoi lng chnh
Khon tr cp nng nghip.
Khon vay cho c nhn.

Capital gain
Capital loss
Deadweight - loss
Emoluments
Agricultural subsidies
Personal loan

Illiquidity

Khng tnh chuyn hon.

Khon vay cho ngi tiu dng; Vay tiu dng.

Consumer borrowing

Page 49

economic

Ilo
Imaginary number
Imitative growth
Immiserizing growth
Impact analysis
Impact multiplier
Impact of taxation
Imperfect competition
Imperfect market
Imperialism
Implementation lag
Implicit contracts
Implicit cost
Implicit function
Implicit price deflator
Implicit rental value
Import / Export quota
Import duty
Import quota
Import restrictions
Import substitution
Import substitution
industrialization
Import tariff

Vn phng Lao ng Quc t.

S o.
Tng trng m phng.
Tng trng lm khn kh.
Phn tch tc ng.
S nhn tc ng
Tc ng ca vic nh thu.
Cnh tranh khng hon ho.
Th trng khng hon ho.
Ch ngha quc.
tr thc hin.
Cc hp ng n.
Chi ph n.
Hm n.
Ch s gim pht gi n.
Gi tr tin thu n.
Hn nghch xut khu / nhp khu.
Thu nhp khu.
Hn ngch nhp khu.
Cc hn ch nhp khu.
Thay th nhp khu.

Khon vay chuyn i c.

Khon vay khng k hn.
Khon vay k hn.
Khon vay ngn hng.
Khong cch gia cc t v phn v.
Khong tin cy.
Khng chuyn ng hng tun.
Khng co gin.
Khng gian hng ho.
Khng gian mu.
Khng tnh chuyn hon.
Kh khuynh hng; Gim khuynh hng.
Khu kinh doanh trung tm.
Khu vc ng sterling .
Khu vc hin i.
Khu vc khng chnh thc.
Khu vc nng nghip.
Khu vc tr tr.
Khung biu thu quan.
Khng hong n quc t.
Khuyn khch xut khu.

Convertible loan stock

Call money
Term loan
Bank advance
Interquartile range
Confidence interval
Weakly stationary
Inelastic
Commodity space
Sample space
Illiquidity
Detrending
Central business district
Sterling area
Modern sector
Informal sector
Agricultural sector
Depressed area
Tariff Structure
International debt crisis
Export promotion

Cng nghip ho bng thay th hng nhp khu.

Khuynh hng tng thu nhp.

Earnings driff

Thu quan nhp khu.

Khuynh hng tit kim bnh qun.

Average propensity to save

Impossibility Theorem

nh l v tnh bt kh th; nh l v iu khng th c.

Khuynh hng tiu dng bnh qun.

Average propensity to consume

Impure public good

Imputed rent
Inactive money
Incentive payment systems

Hng ho cng cng khng thun tu.

Tin thu khng quy i.
Tin nhn ri.
H thng thanh ton khuyn khch.
Phm vi tc ng ca vic nh thu, i tng chu
thu.

Kim nh n v.
Kim nh gi thuyt.
Kim nh Glejser.
Kim nh Goldfeld - Quandt.

Unit root tests

Hypothesis testing
Glejser test
Goldfeld - Quandt

Kim nh mt ui.

One tail tests

Income - expenditure model

M hnh thu nhp - chi tiu

Kim nh Samuelson.

Samuelson test

Income and substitution effect

nh hng ca thu nhp v nh hng ca thay th.

Kim nh t s hp l.

Likehood ratio test (LD)

Income approach

Phng php da theo thu nhp ( tnh GDP).

Kim nghim ARCH.

ARCH

Incidence of taxation

Page 50

economic

Income consumption curve

Income determination

ng tiu dng thu nhp.

Xc nh thu nhp.

Kim nghim chnh xc.

Kim nghim n b.

Exact test
Compensation tests

Income differentials

S khc bit v thu nhp.

Kim nghim mt m hnh thc t.

Testing an economic model

Income distribution

Phn phi thu nhp.

Price control

Income effect

Hiu ng thu nhp, nh hng thu nhp.

Income effect of wages

nh hng thu nhp ca lng.

Kim sot gi.

Kim sot mc bin ng trong chi tiu; Kim sot s
thay i ca chi tiu.
Kim sot ngn sch

Income elasticity of demand

Co gin ca cu theo thu nhp.

Kim sot tin t

Currency control

Income maintenance

Duy tr thu nhp.

Kim sot tn dng v cnh tranh

Competition and Credit Control

Income statement

Bo co thu nhp / Bn thu nhp.

Kim sot tn dng.

Credit control

Income terms of trade

T gi thng mi theo thu nhp

Kinh doanh da vo chnh lch gi; bun chng khon

Arbitrage

Income velocity of circulation

Tc lu thng ca thu nhp.

Kinh doanh da vo chnh lch t gi.

Arbitrage

Income, circular flow of

Incomes policy
Income-sales ratio
Increasing returns to scale

Lung lun chuyn ca thu nhp.

Chnh sch thu nhp.
T s thu nhp / doanh thu.
Li tc tng dn theo quy m.

Kinh t chnh tr.

Kinh t hc cp tin.
Kinh t hc chun tc.
Kinh t hc c in

Political economy
Radical economics
Normative economics
Classical economics

Incremental capital-output ratio

T s vn/ sn lng tng thm (ICOR).

Kinh t hc th.

Urban economics

Independent variable
Independent/ induced
consumption
Index number
Index number problem
Index of distortion
Indexation
Indexation of tax allowances and
taxation.
Indicative planning
Indifference
Indifference curve

Bin c lp.

Kinh t hc ng.

Dynamic economics

Tiu dng ph thuc / thay i.

Kinh t hc khng gian.

Spatial economics

S ch s.
Vn ch s.
Ch s bin dng / bp mo / sai lch.
Phng php ch s ho.

Kinh t hc khu vc.

Kinh t hc lao ng.
Kinh t hc phc li.
Kinh t hc quc t

Regional economics
Labour economics
Welfare economics
International economics

Ch s ho vic tr cp thu v vic nh thu.

Kinh t hc tn c in.

Neo-classical economics

K hoch ho ch dn.
Bng quan
ng bng quan, ng ng dng.

Kinh t hc th ch.
Kinh t hc thc chng.
Kinh t hc trng cung.

Institutional economics
Positive economics
Supply-side economics

Indifference map

H ng bng quan, bn ng ng dng.

Kinh t hc v m ca nn kinh t m.

Open economy economics

Indirect least squares (ILS)

Bnh phng ti thiu gin tip.

Kinh t hc vi m mi.

New microeconomics

Page 51

Expenditure-variation controls
Budgetary control

economic

Indirect taxes
Indirect utility function

Thu gin thu.

Hm tho dng gin tip.

Kinh t hc vi m mi-mi.
Kinh t hc vi m.

New-new microeconomics
Microeconomics

Indivisibilities

Tnh bt kh chia; Tnh khng th phn chia c.

Kinh t hc v m.

Macroeconomics

Induced expenditure
Inductive reasoning
Industrial action
Industrial and Commercial
Finance Corporation

Khon chi tiu ph thuc (vo mc thu nhp).

Lp lun quy np.
Trng pht lao ng.

Kinh t hc x hi.
Kinh t hc.
Kinh t phn phi.

Social economics
Economics
Share economy

Cng ty Ti chnh Cng nghip v Thng mi.

K thut sng st.

Survivor technique

Industrial bank

Ngn hng cng nghip.

K vng nh hng theo chu k i ngi.

Life-cycle oriented expectation

Industrial complex analysis

Industrial concentration
Industrial democracy
Industrial Development
Certificate
Industrial dispute
Industrial inertia
Industrial organization
Industrial policy
Industrial relation
Industrial Reorganization
Corporation
Industrial unions

Phn tch t hp cng nghip.

S tp trung cng nghip.
Dn ch cng nghip

K vng da trn hnh vi.

K vng duy l.
K vng hi quy.

Behavioural expectations
Rational expectations
Regressive expectations

Chng ch Pht trin cng nghip.

K vng ngoi suy; Nhng d tnh ngoi suy.

Extrapolative expectation

Tranh chp lao ng

Tnh cng nghip.
T chc cng nghip
Chnh sch cng nghip.
Cc quan h lao ng.

K vng thch nghi; k vng phng theo

K vng ton hc.
K vng; d tnh.
Li c tc.
Li kp

Adaptive expectation
Mathematical expectation
Expectations
Dividend yield
Compound interest

Cng ty ci t cng nghip.

Li sut cho vay ti thiu.

Minimum lending rate (MLR)

Nghip on theo ngnh.

Li sut di hn.

Long rate

Industrial wage differentials

Chnh lch v tin cng gia cc ngnh.

Li sut danh ngha v li sut thc t.

Nominal and real interest rates

Industrial wage structure

C cu tin cng theo ngnh.

Li sut lin ngn hng London.

LIBOR

Industrialization

Cng nghip ho ( cc nc ang pht trin).

Li sut ngang bng cha tnh.

Unconvered interest parity

Industry
Industry-wide bargaining
Inelastic
Inequality
Infant industry
Infant industry argument for
protection

Ngnh cng nghip.

Thng lng trong ton ngnh.
Khng co gin.
Bt ng thc.
Ngnh cng nghip non tr.

Li sut sinh hc.

Li trn n nc ngoi.
Li vt.
Li xut chit khu kim nh.
Li xut.
Lm nut qu trnh sn xut; Vic lm cho sn xut
c tri chy.

Biological interest rate

Yield on external debt
Excess profit
Test discount rate
Rate of interest

Lm pht bt thng..

Unexpected inflation

Infant industry tariff argument

Lun im bo h ngnh cng nghip non tr.

Lun im v lp thu quan bo h ngnh cng nghip
non tr.

Page 52

Production smoothing

economic

Inference
Inferior good
Infinite memory
Infinitely elastic
Inflation
Inflation accounting
Inflation rate
Inflation subsidy
Inflation tax
Inflation, suppressed
Inflation-adjusted budget

Suy lun
Hng ho h ng; hng ho th cp
B nh v hn.
Co gin hon ton.
Lm pht.
Hch ton lm pht.
T l lm pht.
Tr cp lm pht.
Thu lm pht.
Lm pht b nn.
Ngn sch c iu chnh theo lm pht.

Lm pht b kim ch.

Lm pht b nn.
Lm pht cho php.
Lm pht do cu ko.
Lm pht do chi ph y.
Lm pht do dch chuyn cu.
Lm pht do li-nhun-y.
Lm pht do thu y.
Lm pht do tin cng y.
Lm pht d tnh c.
Lm pht c d tnh.

Repressed inflation
Inflation, suppressed
Validated inflation
Demand - pull inflation
Cost - push inflation
Demand shift inflation
Profits-push inflation
Tax-push inflation
Wage-push inflation
Expected inflation
Anticipated inflation

Inflationary gap

H cch / khong trng lm pht, chnh lch lm pht.

Lm pht khng cho php.

Unvalidated inflation

Inflationary spiral
Informal sector
Information
Information matrix

Vng xoy c ca lm pht.

Khu vc khng chnh thc.
Thng tin
Ma trn Thng tin.

Lm pht khng c lng trc.

Lm pht kiu mi
Lm pht phi m.
Lm pht sn b; Lm pht b dn

Unianticipated inflation
New inflation
Galloping inflation
Creeping inflation

Informative economy analysis

Phn tch thng tin kinh t.

Lm pht thun tu.

Pure inflation

Infra-marginal externality
Infrastructure
Inheritance tax
Initial claims series
Injections
In-kind redistribution
Inland bill

Lm pht thun tu.

Lm pht tin cng.
Lm pht.
Lm vic t gi.
Lm vic thm ngoi gi.
Lm vic theo quy nh.
Ln p; chn p

Pure inflation
Wage inflation
Inflation
Short-time working
Overtime
Work to rule
Crowding out

Lao ng bn cng.

Pauper labour

Innovations

Ngoi ng bin.
H tng c s.
Thu tha k.
Nhm ngi yu cu u tin.
S bm tin.
Phn phi li bng hin vt.
Hi phiu ni a.
Cn tr v tnh i vi vic nhp ngnh; Cn tr ngu
nhin i vi vic nhp ngnh.
Pht kin; sng kin

Lao ng cn thit cho x hi.

Socially necessary labour

Input - output

u vo - u ra (I-O), bng cn i lin ngnh.

Lao ng chn tay.

Manual workers

Input orientation
Inside lag
Inside money
Insider - outsider
Insider - outsider model
Insolvency
Instalment credit

nh hng theo u vo.

tr bn trong.
Tin bn trong.
Ngi trong cuc - ngi ngoi cuc.
M hnh Ngi trong cuc - ngi ngoi cuc.
Tnh trng khng tr c n.
Tn dng tr dn.

Lao ng phi th cng; Lao ng tr c.

Lao ng.
Lp chi ph theo chc nng.
Lp hng ro.
Lp lun Manoilescu.
Lp lun quy np.
Lp ngn sch theo chng trnh.

Non-manual workers
Labour
Fuctional costing
Hedging
Manoilescu argument
Inductive reasoning
Programme budgeting

Innocent entry barrier

Page 53

economic

Institutional economics
Institutional training

Kinh t hc th ch.
o to th ch.

Lp ngn sch theo Sn lng (hay u ra).

Lp phng

Instrumental variables

Cc bin cng c (IV).

Lhuyt cn bng chnh lch

Instruments

Cc cng c.

Lin on cng nghip ANH (CBI).

Insurance

Bo him

Lin doanh cc nc ng u.

Insurance premium
Intangible assets
Intangible capital
Integer
Integerated economy
Integerated time series
Integration

Tin ng bo him.
Ti sn v hnh.
Vn v hnh.
S nguyn
Nn kinh t lin kt.
Chui thi gian c ly tch phn.
Tch phn ho.

Lin doanh.
Lin h xui.
Lin hp thng ngun.
Lin kt dc.
Lin kt theo phng ngang.
Lin kt theo v tr.
Lin kt thng ngun.

Joint venture in European

Countries
Joint venture
Forward linkage
Backward intergration
Vertical integration
Horizontal intergration
Locational integration
Backward linkage

Intended inventory investment

u t vo hng tn kho c ch

Lin kt xui.

Forward intergration

Intensive margin
Inter-Bank Market
Intercept
Interdependent utility
Interdistrict Settlement Account
(or Fund)
Interest
Interest equalization tax
Interest sensitivity
Intergenerational equity
Intergovernmental grants

Gii hn thm canh.

Th trng Lin ngn hng.
H s chn.
tho dng ph thuc ln nhau.

Lin minh kinh t Benelux.

Lin minh Thanh ton Chu u.
Lin minh thu quan.
Lin minh tin t.

Ti khon (hay qu) Thanh ton lin vng.

Lnh vc sn xut v lnh vc ngn sch.

Tin li, li sut.

Thuu san bng li sut.
nhy theo li sut.
Cng bng gia cc th h.
Cc tr cp lin chnh quyn.

L bt thng.
L hng Macmillan.
Loi tr
Loi t ln nhau.
Lgart

Benelux Economic Union

European Payments Union
Custom union
Monetary Union
Production sphere and
budgetary sphere
Windfall loss
"Macmillan" gap
Exclusion
Mutually exclusive
Logarithm

Interlocking directorates

Cc ban gim c chung, cc ban gim c kt hp.

Lgarit t nhin.

Natural logarithm

Intermediate areas
Intermediate goods
Intermediate goods
Intermediate lag
Intermediate technology
Intermediate Technology
Development Group
Intermediate variables

Cc vng trung gian.

Hng ho trung gian.
Hng ho trung gian.
tr trung gian.
Cng ngh trung gian.

Li ch ca thng mi.
Li ch e do.
Li ch phc li thu kho.
Li ch rng.
Li ch x hi.

Gains from trade

Threat of pay off
Fiscal walfare benefits
Pay-off
Social benefit

Nhm Pht trin Cng ngh trung gian.

Li nhun chu thu.

Assessable profit

Bin trung gian

Li nhun d thng

Abnormal profits

Page 54

Output budgeting
Cubic
Equalizing differences, the theory
of
Confederation of British Industrial

economic

Interna Rate of return

Internal balance
Internal convertibility of soft
currencies
Internal drain
Internal finance
Internal growth
Internal rate of return
Internal wage differentials
Internalization
International Bank for
Reconstruction and
Development
International cartel

Ni sut thu hi vn/ t l hon vn ni b.

Cn bng bn trong

Li nhun c quyn.
Li nhun c phn phi.

Monopoly profit
Distributed profits

Kh nng chuyn i trong nc ca tin yu.

Li nhun hin hnh

Current profits

S x tin trong nc.

Ti chnh bn trong.
Tng trng nh ni ng.
Ni sut sinh li
Cc mc chnh lch tin cng ni ti.
Ni ho.

Li nhun khng chia.

Li nhun kinh doanh.
Li nhun kinh t.
Li nhun nh .
Li nhun rng.
Li nhun siu ngch.

Undistributed profits
Operating profit
Economic profit
Housing benefit
Net profit
Super-normal profits

Ngb hng Ti thit v Pht trin Quc t.

Li nhun thun tu.

Pure profit

Cartel quc t.

Li nhun trn giy.

Paper profit

International clearing unions

Cc lin minh thanh ton quc t.

Li nhun t u t.

Yield on investment

Cc hip nh hng ho quc t.

Li nhun.

Profits

Khng hong n quc t.

Li th bnh ng, Li th ngang bng.

Equal advantage

Hip hi pht trin quc t

Li th so snh

Comparative advantage

T chc hp tc pht trin quc t.

Li th tuyt i.

Absolute advantage

International division of labour

S phn chia lao ng quc t.

Li tc danh ngha.

Nominal yield

International economics

Kinh t hc quc t

Li tc lung tin chit khu

Discounted cash flow yield

International Finance Corporation Cng ty Ti chnh Quc t.

Li tc tng dn theo quy m.

Increasing returns to scale

International Labuor Office

International liquidity
International monetarism

Vn phng Lao ng quc t.

Thanh khon quc t.
Ch ngha trng tin quc t.

Li tc theo quy m.
Li tc t vn c s dng.
Li tc x hi ca gio dc.

Returns to scale
Return on capital employed
Social returns to education

International monetary Fund

(IMF) - Qu tin t quc t.

Li tc.

Yeild

International payments system

H thng thanh ton quc t.

Lng v tha.

Altruism

International Standard Industrial

Classification
International trade

(ISIC)-Phn loi Ngnh Cng nghip theo C1683Tiu

chun Quc t.
Thng mi quc t.

La chn ca ngi tiu dng.

Consumer choice

La chn tri ; La chn theo hng bt li.

Adverse selection

International commodity
agreements
International debt crisis
International Development
Association
International Development Cooperation Agency (ID)

Page 55

economic

International Trade Organization (ITO) - T chc thng mi quc t.

Lun chng hi t

Convergence thesis

International Wheat Council

Hi ng la m Quc t.

Lun Prebisch

Prebisch thesis

So snh tho dng gia cc c nhn.

Lun im bo h ngnh cng nghip non tr.

Khong cch gia cc t v phn v.

Giao

Interpersonal comparisons of
utility
Interquartile range
Intersection

Infant industry argument for

protection
Lucas critique
Anchor argument

Interstate Commerce Act

o lut thng mi gia cc tiu bang.

Interval estimation

c lng khong.

Lun im ph phn ca Lucas

Lun im v ci neo.
Lun im v lp thu quan bo h ngnh cng nghip
non tr.
Lun im v tnh c th so snh.

Intra-industrial trade

Thng mi trong ngnh.

Lut Gilbrat v tng trng theo t l.

Invention and innovation

Pht minh v pht kin.

Lut thng mi cng bng.

Comparability argument
Gilbrat's law of proportionate
growth
Fair trade law

Invention and official financing

Can thip v ti tr chnh thc.

Lut v mc lng ti thiu.

Minimum wage legislation

Inventories
Inventory cycle
Inventory investment
Inverse function rule
Inverse relation
Investment
Investment criteria

Hang tn kho, d tr.

Chu k hng tn kho.
u t tn kho
Quy tc hm ngc.
Tng quan nghch bin.
u t.
Cc tiu chun u t.

Lc b i trng; Th lc lm cn bng.
Lc lng lao ng.
Lc lng lao ng.
Lng
Lng cho vay khng tr c.
Lng c quyn bn.
Lng c quyn mua.

Countervailing power
Labour force
Working population
Salary
Irredeemable loan stock
Duopoly
Duopsony

Investment demand schedule

Biu nhu cu u t.

Lung lun chuyn ca thu nhp.

Income, circular flow of

Investment grants

Tr cp u t.

Lung lun chuyn thu nhp.

Circular flow of income

Investment trust

T-rt u t.

Lng tm hp doanh; Lng tm doanh nghip.

Corporate conscience

Investors in Industry
Involuntary unemployment
IOU money
Iron law of wages

Cc nh u t trong Cng nghip.

Tht nghip khng t nguyn.
Tin da theo n.
Quy lut st v tin cng.

Lung tin, ngn lu, dng kim lu.

Lng va sng.
L thuyt cu tiu dng
L thuyt chnh tr da trn kinh t.

Cash flow
Subsistence wage
Consumer demand theory
Economic theory of polities

Irredeemable loan stock

Lng cho vay khng tr c.

L thuyt cng sut d/tha; Thuyt tha cng sut.

Excess capacity theory

Irredeemable preference shares

Cc c phiu u tin khng tr c.

L thuyt nh lng mi v tin t.

New quantity theory of money

Irreversibility

Tnh bt kh o; Tnh khng th o ngc c.

L thuyt nh lng v tin t.

Quantity theory of money

Page 56

Infant industry tariff argument

economic

L thuyt tho dng k vng; Thuyt tho dng d

tnh.
L thuyt gi.
L thuyt hy sinh ngang nhau; l thuyt hy sinh bnh
ng.

ISIC

Phn loi Ngnh Cng nghip theo tiu chun Quc t.

Islamic Development Bank

Ngn hng pht trin Hi gio.

Iso-cost curve

ng ng ph.

Iso-outlay line

ng ng chi.

L thuyt kinh t v h thng cng chc.

Bureaucracy, economic theory of

Iso-product curve
Iso-profit curve
Isoquant
Iso-revenue line (curve)
Issue department

ng ng sn phm.
Cc ng ng nhun.
ng lng.
ng ng thu.
Cc pht hnh.

Labour theory of value

Capture theory
Dualism, theory of
Decision theory
Growth theory

Issued capital

Vn pht hnh.

Issuing broker
Issuing house

Ngi mi gii pht hnh.

Nh pht hnh.

L thuyt lao ng v gi tr.

L thuyt nm gi.
L thuyt nh nguyn
L thuyt ra quyt nh
L thuyt tng trng.
L thuyt thng lng v tin cng; L thuyt mc c
v tin cng.
L thuyt tin cng hiu qu.
L thuyt tin cng.

Issuing House Association

Hip hi cc Nh pht hnh.

L thuyt tng qut v Vic lm, Li sut v Tin t.

General Theory of Employment,

Interest and Money

ITO
Job acceptance schedule
Job cluster
Job competition theory
Job creation
Job dublication
Job evaluation
Job search
Job search channels
Job shopping
Jobber

T chc thng mi Quc t.

Biu s ngi chp nhn cng vic.
Nhm ngh.
Thuyt v cnh tranh vic lm.
To vic lm.
Vic lm kp.
nh gi vic lm.
Tm kim vic lm.
Cc knh tm vic.
Chn vic lm.
Ngi bun bn chng khon.

L thuyt tr chi.
L thuyt v c tnh sn phm.
L thuyt v gi tr.
L thuyt v hng.
L thuyt v kh nng chi tr
L thuyt v v tr.
L thuyt v vn
L thuyt V tr Trung tm.
L thuyt vin cnh.
L thuyt Weber v v tr .
Ma trn cngngh.

Game theory
Characteristics theory
Value, theory of
Firm, theory of the
Ability to pay theory
Location theory
Capital theory
Central Place Theory
Prospect theory
Weberian location theory
Technology matrix

Joint probability distributions

Cc phn phi xc sut kt hp.

Ma trn n v.

Identity matrix

Joint products
Joint profit maximination
Joint stock company
Joint venture
Joint venture in European
Countries

Cc sn phm lin kt.

Ti a ho li nhun chung.
Cng ty c phn.
Lin doanh.

Ma trn n.
Ma trn hi tic.
Ma trn phng sai - hip phng sai.
Ma trn Thng tin.

Singular matrix
Regret matrix
Variance-covariance matrix
Information matrix

Lin doanh cc nc ng u.

Ma trn.

Matrix

Page 57

Expected utility theory

Price theory
Equal sacrifice theories

Bargaining theory of wages

Efficiency wage theory
Wage theory

economic

Juglar cycle
Junk bonds
Just price
Knife edge
Labour
Labour - saving techniques
Labour augmenting technical
progress
Labour economics
Labour force

Chu k Juglar.
Tri phiu li sut cao.
Gi cng bng.
im ta mng manh.
Lao ng.
Cc k thut tit kim lao ng.

Mng che ngu dt.

Mng che tin.
Marketing
Mu dch song phng
Mu ngu nhin.
Mu.

Veil of ignorance
Veil of money
Marketing
Bilateral trade
Random sample
Sample

Tin b k thut lm tng sc lao ng.

Min gi tr.

Range of values

Kinh t hc lao ng.

Lc lng lao ng.

Min thu hng nm.

M hnh

Annual allowances
Model

Labour force participation rate

T l tham gia Lc lng lao ng.

M hnh Brookings

Brookings model

Labour force schedule

Biu v lc lng lao ng

M hnh cch thc chi tiu ca chnh ph.

Path of government spending

Labour hoarding

Tch tr lao ng.

M hnh cnh tranh bng tin cng

Labour intensive

S dng nhiu lao ng, thm dng nhiu lao ng.

M hnh c cu -thc thi -kt qu.

Labour market
Labour power

Th trng lao ng.

Sc lao ng.

M hnh c in
M hnh cng nng.

Wage competition model

Structure-conduct-performance
framework
Classical model
Capacity model

Labour standard

Tiu chun lao ng.

M hnh nh i khng gian hay m hnh tip cn.

Access/space trade - off model

Labour supply

Cung lao ng.

M hnh nh gi Ti sn vn.

Capital asset pricing model

Labour surplus economy

Nn kinh t tha lao ng.

M hnh gia tc theo tha s / h s nhn.

Multiplier - accelerator model

Labour theory of value

Labour turnover
Labour's share
Lagged relationship
Laissez - faire

L thuyt lao ng v gi tr.

Mc thay lao ng.
T trng ca lao ng.
Quan h tr.
Hc thuyt v nn kinh t t vn hnh.

M hnh kinh t ng.

M hnh kinh t lng.
M hnh lao ng - ngh ngi.
M hnh Lewis - Fei - Ranis.
M hnh Lindahl.

Dynamic model
Econometric model
Work-leisure model
Lewis - Fei - Ranis model
Lindahl model

Laissez - faire economy

Nn kinh t t vn hnh (chnh ph t can thip).

M hnh la chn nh tnh.

Qualitative choice models

Land intensive
Land reform and tenure

S dng nhiu t.
Bo h v ci cch rung t.

M hnh lc hp dn.
M hnh lng c quyn Cournot.

Gravity model
Cournot's duopoly model

Land tax

Thu t.

M hnh lng c quyn ca Stackelberg.

Stackelberg's duopoly model

Hip hi thng mi t do M latinh.

M hnh lng quyn ca Bertrand.

Bertrand's duopoly Model

Trng phi Lausanne.

M hnh Mundell - Fleming.

Mundell - Fleming model

Latin American Free Trade

Association (LAFTA)
Lausanne School

Page 58

economic

Law of demand
Law of diminishing marginal
utility
Law of diminishing returns
Law of one price
Law of variable proprerties
Layoffs
Le Chatelier principle
Leading links principle
Leading sector
Leakages
Leap - frogging
Learning
learning by doing

Quy lut ca cu.

M hnh Ngi trong cuc - ngi ngoi cuc.

Insider - outsider model

Quy lut tho dng cn bin gim dn.

M hnh nhn qu tch lu

Cumulative causation model

Quy lut li tc gim dn.

Quy lut mt gi.
Quy lut v cc c tnh bin i.
Sa thi tm thi
Nguyn tc Le Chatelier.
Nguyn tc u mi hng u.
Ngnh dn u.
Nhng khon r r.
S nhy cc.
Hc hi
Hc qua hnh

M hnh nh nguyn v cng ngh.

M hnh ni phn.
M hnh ni rt lui.
M hnh Probit (hay m hnh xc sut n v).
M hnh putty-clay; M hnh mt tt - t st.
M hnh putty-putty; M hnh mt tt - mt tt.
M hnh Rostow
M hnh St. Louis.
M hnh tng trng a ngnh.
M hnh tng trng hai khu vc.
M hnh tng trng mt khu vc.

Technological dualism
Recursive model
Exit-voice model
Probit model
Putty-clay
Putty-putty
Rostow model
St. Louis model
Multisector growth model
Two sector growth model
One sector growth model

Least cost method of production Phng sn xut da trn gi thnh thp nht.

M hnh tng trng theo thi gian.

Vintage growth models

Least squares

Phng php bnh phng nh nht.

M hnh thu nhp - chi tiu

Income - expenditure model

Leger tender
Lender of last resort

Phng tin thanh ton hp php (lut nh).

Ngi cho vay cu cnh cui cng.

M hnh Todaro.
M hnh trao i t nguyn.

Todaro model
Voluntary-exchange model

Leontief inverse

S nghch o Leontief.

M hnh tuyn tnh tng qut.

General linear model (GLM)

Less devoloped countries (LDCs) Cc nc chm pht trin.

M hnh v tnh li; M hnh v tnh ln trnh.

Shirking model

Letter of credit
Level field
Level of significance

M hnh Wharton.
M hnh xc sut tuyn tnh.
M men

Wharton model
Linear probability model
Moments

Mi nguy o c; S lm tn.

Moral hazard

Leveraged buy out (LBO)

Leveraged financing
Lewis - Fei - Ranis model
Lexicographic preferences

Th tn dng.
Sn chi cng bng / cng mt sn chi?
Mc ngha.
T phn vn vay; n by v ti chnh; T l vn vay so
vi tng vn.
Tng vay bng cch thay c phn
Ti tr n by.
M hnh Lewis - Fei - Ranis.
Th hiu thin lch.

Mn kinh t lng.
Mt.
Mc bo chng c tc.
Mc bin ng tng ng

Liabilities

N.

Mc cn bng ca thu nhp quc gia

Liberalism
LIBOR
Licensed deposit takers

Ch ngha t do.
Li sut lin ngn hng London.
C quan c cp giy php nhn tin gi.

Mc cn bin qung canh.

Mc cu d; D cu.
Mc chnh gi gp.

Econometrics
Mode
Dividend cover
Equivalent variation
Equilibrium level of national
income
Extensive margin
Excess demand
Gross margin

Leverage

Page 59

economic

Life-cycle hypothesis

Gi thuyt v vng i, thu nhp theo vng i / Chu k

tui th sn phm.

Mc chnh lch gi-chi ph.

Price-cost margin

Life-cycle oriented expectation

K vng nh hng theo chu k i ngi.

Mc cung d; D cung

Excess supply

Likehood function
Likehood ratio test (LD)

Hm hp l
Kim nh t s hp l.

Mc c thng k ca h s.
Mc ng nht

Significance of coefficients
Degree of homogeneity

Limit pricing

nh gi gii hn.

Mc ph hp tng th ca phng trnh hi quy.

Overall fit of regression

Limited company

Cng ty trch nhim hu hn.

Mc ph hp.

Goodness of fit

Limited dependent variables

Cc bin s ph thuc hn ch.

Mc thay lao ng.

Labour turnover

Limited information (LI)

Thng tin hn ch.

Mc / cng huy ng (s dng) cc yu t sn

xut.

Factor intensity

Limited liability

Trch nhim hu hn.

Mc doanh thu cn bin ca lao ng.

Lindahl model
Linder thesis
Linear combination
Linear dependence
Linear estimator

M hnh Lindahl.
Thuyt Linder.
T hp tuyn tnh.
Ph thuc tuyn tnh
c lng tuyn tnh.

Mc sng.
Mc gi chung.
Mc gii hn ngun ti chnh t bn ngoi.
Mc ho vn ca thu nhp
Mc li sut thc t.

Marginal revenue product of

labor
Subsistence
General price level
External financial limits
Break-even level of income
Real interest rate.

Linear expenditure systems

Cc h thng chi tiu tuyn tnh.

Mc li xut qui ngang; Ngang gi li sut.

Covered interest parity

Linear function

Hm tuyn tnh.

Mc lmp pht k vng; Lm pht d tnh

Expected inflation

Linear nomogenous

ng nht tuyn tnh.

Mc li tc rng k vng; Li tc rng d tnh.

Expected net returns

Linear probability model

M hnh xc sut tuyn tnh.

Mc lng bo lu; Mc lng k vng ti thiu.

Reservation wage

Linear programming

Liquidity preference

S a thch ti sn d thanh tiu

Liquidity ratio
Liquidity trap
Liquility

T s v kh nng hon chuyn

By tin mt; By thanh khon.
Kh nng chuyn hon.

Mc lng c hi.
Mc lng trn; gii hn trn ca tin lng; Gii hn
cao nht ca tin lng.
Mc nhim Ti u.
Mc qui i v tt nh.
Mc sn sng tr.
Mc sinh li gim dn theo qui m; Li tc gim dn
theo quy m
Mc sinh li gim dn; Li tc gim dn
Mc sinh li gim dn; Li tc gim dn
Mc sng.

Opportunity wage

Liquid assets ratio

Liquidation
Liquidity

Quy hoch tuyn tnh.

Ti sn d hon chuyn; Ti sn lng; ti sn d thanh
tiu .
T l ti sn d hon chuyn.
Pht mi.
Tnh thanh ton, thanh tiu.

Liquid asset

Page 60

Pay ceiling
Optimal level of pollution
Certainty equivalence
Willingness to pay
Decreasing returns to scale
Decreasing returns
Diminishing returns
Standard of living

economic

Listed securities
Little - Mirrlees method
LM curve
Loan capital
Loan facility
Loan stock
Loanable funds
Local authorities' market

Cc chng khon yt gi.

Phng php Little - Mirrlees.
ng LM.
Vn vay.
Chng trnh cho vay.
S vn vay.
Cc qu c th cho vay.
Th trng ca chnh quyn a phng.

Mc s dng cng nng

Mc thay i b p.
Mc thu hu dng; Thu sut h hu hiu.
Mc thu sut cn bin nh vo thu nhp.
Mc tin cng bng.
Mc tin cng c bn; mc lng c bn.
Mc tiu (nh lng).
Mc tiu dng thng xuyn.

Capacity untilization
Compensating variation
Effective rate of tax
Marginal income tax rate
Shadow wage rate
Basic wage rates
Targets
Permanent comsumption

Local finance

Ti chnh a phng.

Mc tiu ti thiu v vic lm.

Minimum employment target

Local labour market

Local mutiplier
Local public good
Location quotient

Th trng lao ng a phng.

S nhn a phng
Hng ho cng cng a phng.
Thng s v tr.

Mc trn
Mc trn v mc sn; Mc nh v mc y.
Mc trt tin cng.
Mc ngha.

Ceiling
Ceilings and floors
Wage drift
Level of significance

Location theory

L thuyt v v tr.

Mc/ Khon chnh lc ca th trng ch en.

Black market premium

Locational integration
Locational interdependence
Locking - in effect
lockout
Logarithm
Logistic function
Logit analysis
Log-linear
Logolling

Lin kt theo v tr.

S ph thuc ln nhau v v tr.
Hiu ng kt
S ng ca gy p lc (i vi cng nhn).
Lgart
Hm Lgistic
Php phn tch lgit
Tuyn tnh lgarit
S trao i phiu bu; b phiu gian ln.

Nm ti chnh.
Nng sut bnh qun.
Nng sut.
Nng v ngoi ngoi sinh.
Nn kinh t bng.
Nn kinh t ch huy.
Nn kinh t c tin cng cao.
Nn kinh t n in.
Nn kinh t ng

Financial year
Average productivity
Productivity
Strongly exogenous
Shadow economy
Command economy
Economy of high wages
Estate economy
Closed economy

Lombard Street

Ph Lombard.

Nn kinh t da nhiu vo vn.

Capital - intensive economy

Lom Convention
Lon run total cost curve
Long rate
Long run
Long run adjustments

Cng c Lom.
ng tng chi ph di hn.
Li sut di hn.
Di hn.
Nhng iu chnh gi di hn.

Nn kinh t hng i hng

Nn kinh t hn hp.
Nn kinh t k hoch ho.
Nn kinh t lin kt.
Nn kinh t m.

Barter economy
Mixed economy
Planned economy
Integerated economy
Open economy

Long run average cost (LAC)

Chi ph trung bnh di hn.

Nn kinh t th trng hn hp.

Mixed market economy

Long run competitive

Cn bng cnh tranh di hn.

Nn kinh t tha lao ng.

Labour surplus economy

Long run comsumption function

Hm tiu dng di hn.

Nn kinh t tin t ho.

Monetized economy

Long run marginal cost

Chi ph cn bin di hn.

Nn kinh t t cung t cp

Autarky economy

Page 61

economic

Long run Phillips curve

ng Phillips di hn.

Nn kinh t t vn hnh (chnh ph t can thip).

Long term capital

Vn di hn.

Ngb hng Ti thit v Pht trin Quc t.

Long-dated securities
Long-haul economies
Longitudinal data
Loss aversion
Loss function
Loss leader pricing
Loss offsetting provisions
Low - level equilibrium trap
Low wage trade
Lucas critique
Lump - sum tax

Cc chng khon di hn.

Tnh kinh t theo qung ng.
D liu dc.
S khng thch mt mt.
Hm thua l.
Bn h gi trc.
Cc iu khon b l.
By cn bng mc thp.
Thng mi lng thp.
Lun im ph phn ca Lucas
Thu gp / khon.

Ngn chn nhp ngnh c tnh chin lc.

Ngn hn.
Ngn hng cng nghip.
Ngn hng Consortium.
Ngn hng u t Chu u.
Ngn hng Giro quc gia.
Ngn hng nh bun
Ngn hng nhn tr.
Ngn hng pht trin chu .
Ngn hng pht trin gia c
Ngn hng pht trin Hi gio.

LUS

S d tuyn tnh v hng khng chch.

Ngn hng ti thit v Pht trin Chu U.

Luxury
Luxury taxes

Hng xa x (cng coi l hng thng lu).

Thu hng xa x.

Ngn hng Ti thit v Pht trin.

Ngn hng thanh ton quc t

Macmillan Committee

U ban Macmillan.

Ngn hng thanh ton quc t.

Macroeconomics
Macroeconomics demand
schedule
Majority rule

Kinh t hc v m.

Ngn hng th gii.

International Bank for

Reconstruction and
Development
Strategic entry deterrence
Short run
Industrial bank
Consortium bank
European Investment Bank
National Girobank
Merchant bank
Accepting house
Asiab Development Bank
Building society
Islamic Development Bank
European Bank for
Reconstruction and
Development
IBBD
BIS
Bank for international
Settlements
World Bank

Biu cu mang tnh kinh t hc v m.

Ngn hng tit kim quc gia.

National Saving Bank

Quy tc a s.

Ngn hng trung ng

Central Bank

Malleable capital

Vn uyn chuyn

Ngn hng trung ng ca cc ngn hng trung ng.

Central Bank of Central Banks

Malthus's law of population

Managed or dirty floating
Management

Quy lut dn s ca Malthus.

S th ni c qun l hay khng thun khit.
Ban qun l.

Ngn hng xut nhp khu.

Ngn n lc; Khng thch n lc.
Ngn sch cn i.

Export-import bank
Effort aversion
Balanced budget

Management board

Ban qun l / Hi ng qun tr.

Ngn sch Cng ng Chu u.

European Community Budget

Management buyout

Thu mua bng nghip v qun l.

Inflation-adjusted budget

Management science

Khoa hc qun l.

Manager controlled firm

Hng do nh qun l kim sot.

Ngn sch c iu chnh theo lm pht.

Ngn sch mc nhn cng ton dng; Ngn sch khi
c vic lm.
Ngng rng cng; Ngnh khng c nh.

Page 62

Laissez - faire economy

Full-employment budget
Footloose industries

economic

Managerial capitalism
Managerial discretion
Managerial revolution
Managerial slack

Ch ngha t bn thin v qun l.

S tu tin trong qun l.
Cuc cch mng qun l.
S lng lo trong qun l.

Ngnh bao hm nhiu vn

Ngnh b quc hu ho.
Ngnh c chi ph gim dn
Ngnh cng nghip non tr.

Capital-intensive sector
Nationalized industry
Decreasing cost industry
Infant industry

Managerial theories of the firm

Cc hc thuyt v hng thin v qun l.

Ngnh cng nghip.

Industry

Managerial utility function

Managing director
Manoilescu argument
Manpower policy
Manual workers
Margin requirement
Margin, at the
Marginal
Marginal analysis
Marginal cost

Hm tho dng trong qun l.

Gim c iu hnh.
Lp lun Manoilescu.
Chnh sch v nhn lc.
Lao ng chn tay.
Yu cu v mc chnh lch.
ti bin
Cn bin, gia lng.
Phn tch cn bin.
Chi ph cn bin.

Ngnh dn u.
Ngnh dch v cng cng
Nghch l c phn tng trng.
Nghch l ca tit kim.
Nghch l Scitovsky.
Nghch l St Petersburg.
Nghch l v b phiu.
Nghch l v gi tr.
Nghin cu kh thi.
Nghin cu v trin khai.

Marginal cost of funds schedule

Biu chi ph cn bin ca vn.

Nghin cu v trin khai.

Marginal cost of labor

Marginal cost pricing
Marginal damage cost
Marginal disutility

Chi ph cn bin cho lao ng.

nh gi theo chi ph cn bin.
Chi ph thit hi cn bin.
phi tho dng cn bin.

Nghin cu, trin khai v trnh din.

Nghip on theo chuyn mn.
Nghip on theo ngnh.
Nghip on.

Leading sector
Public utility
Growth-stock paradox
Paradox of thrift
Scitovsky paradox
St Petersburg paradox
Paradox of voting
Paradox of value
Feasibility study
R and D
Research and development
(R&D)
R,D and D
Craff unions
Industrial unions
Agency shop

Marginal efficiency of capital

Hiu sut cn bin ca vn.

Nghip v by bn.

Placing

Marginal efficiency of capital

schedule

Biu hiu sut bin ca vn.

Nghip v ngn hng bn l.

Retail banking

Marginal efficiency of investment Hiu sut cn bin ca u t.

Ngoi hi.

Foreign exchange

Marginal efficiency of investment

Biu hiu sut cn bin ca u t.
schedule

Ngoi ng bin.

Infra-marginal externality

Marginal firm

Xut bin?

Ngoi ng ca cng ngh.

Technological external effects

Marginal income tax rate

Mc thu sut cn bin nh vo thu nhp.

Ngc chu k.

Countercyclical

Marginal per capita reinvestment Tiu chun v thng s ti u t cn bin theo u

quotient criterio
ngi.

Ngi bn u gi.

Auctioneer

Marginal physical product

Marginal principle

Ngi bo him.
Ngi bun bn c th.

Underwriter
Sole trader

Sn phm vt cht cn bin.

Nguyn l cn bin.

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economic

Marginal product
Marginal product of labors

Sn phm cn bin.
Sn phm cn bin ca lao ng.

Ngi bun bn chng khon.

Ngi chp nhn gi.

Jobber
Price taker

Marginal productivity doctrine

Hc thuyt v nng sut cn bin.

Ngi cho vay cu cnh cui cng.

Lender of last resort

Marginal propensity to comsume

Thin hng tiu dng cn bin.
(MPC)

Ngi t gi.

Price setter

Marginal propensity to import

Thin hng nhp khu cn bin.

Ngi u c gi ln.

Bulls

Thin hng tit kim cn bin.

Ngi u c gi xung.

Bears

Thin hng nh thu cn bin.

Ngi u t a dng.

Diversifier

Thin hng rt tin cn bin.

Ngi iu hnh.

Executive

T l thay th cn bin.

Ngi hng li bt buc.

Forced riders

Thu sut cn bin.

T sut thay th k thut cn bin; th sut k thut cn
bin.

Ngi kim s c li.

Rent seeker

Ngi mi gii hi phiu.

Bill broker

Marginal rate of transformation

T l chuyn i cn bin.

Ngi mi gii pht hnh.

Issuing broker

Marginal revenue
Marginal revenue product
Marginal revenue product of
labor
Marginal user cost
Marginal utility
Marginal utility of income
Marginal utility of money

Doanh thu cn bin.

Sn phm doanh thu cn bin.

Ngi mi gii.
Ngi mun ti a ho phiu bu.

Mc doanh thu cn bin ca lao ng.

Ngi tht nghip do nn lng.

Chi ph s dng cn bin.

tho dng cn bin.
tho dng cn bin ca thu nhp.
tho dng cn bin ca tin.

Ngi theo thuyt Keynes chit trung.

Ngi theo thuyt Keynes cc oan.
Ngi theo thuyt trng tin tun tin.
Ngi tip nhn (ti sn).

Brooker
Vote maximizer
Discouraged worker /
unemployment
Eclectic Keynesian
Extrema Keynesian
Gradualist monetarist
Receiver

Marginal value product of capital Sn phm gi tr bin ca vn.

Ngi tiu dng

Consumer

Marginal value product of labor

Sn phm gi tr bin ca lao ng.

Ngi trong cuc - ngi ngoi cuc.

Insider - outsider

Market

Th trng.

Free rider

Market classification

Phn loi th trng.

Market clearing
Market demand curve

im th trng bn sch.
ng cu ca th trng.

Ngi xi cha; ngi n khng.

Ngun lc sn c; Ngun ti nguyn sn c; S s hu
cc yu t sn xut; tnh sn c, lng cc yu t sn
xut.
Ngun lc; Ngun ti nguyn.
Ngng ca mt hng ho.

Marginal propensity to save

(MPS)
Marginal propensity to tax
Marginal propensity to withdraw
Marginal rate of substitution
(MRS)
Marginal rate of tax
Marginal rate of technical
substitution

Page 64

Factor endowment
Resource
Threshold of a good

economic

Market demand curve for labour

ng cu ca th trng i vi lao ng.

Ngng.

Market forces
Market imperfection
Market maker
Market mechanism
Market orientation

S khim khuyt ca th trng; S trc trc ca th

trng.
Cc tc nhn th trng.
S khng hon ho ca th trng.
Hng lp th.
C ch th trng.
nh hng theo th trng.

Ngu bin v hp th; 'Khi nim "sai lm do gm gp/

tng hp".
Nguyn l bt bng; Nguyn l khc bit
Nguyn l b p.
Nguyn l cn bin.
Nguyn l cn i.
Nguyn l a ch.

Market oriented reform

Ci cch theo nh hng th trng.

Nguyn l iu chnh dung lng vn

Market power

Quyn lc th trng; Sc mnh i vi th trng.

Nguyn l nh v trung bnh.

Median location principle

Market premium rate

Market share
Market socialism
Market structure
Marketing
Marketing boards.
Markov process

T l chnh lch gi.

Th phn
Ch ngha x hi theo c ch th trng.
C cu th trng.
Marketing
Cc ban Marketing.
Qu trnh Markov.

Nguyn l tin t
Nguyn tc ch o.
Nguyn tc nh thu theo li ch.
Nguyn tc u mi hng u.
Nguyn tc c quyn.
Nguyn tc hng ch.
Nguyn tc Le Chatelier.

Currency principle
Guidelines
Benefit principle
Leading links principle
Entitlement principle
Primary of targeting
Le Chatelier principle

Mark-up

Phn thm vo gi vn; Phn thm vo chi ph kh bin.

Nguyn tc loi tr.

Exclusion principle

Mathematical expectation
Matrix
Maturity

K vng ton hc.

Ma trn.
n hn thanh ton.

Nguyn tc ngi gy nhim tr ph.

Nguyn tc quyt nh x hi.
Nguyn tc ti chnh; K thut ti chnh.

Polluter pays principle

Social decision rule
Financial displine

Maturity

n hn, ht hn.

Nguyn tc vng v tch lu; Quy tc vng ca tch lu.

Golden rule of accumulation

Maximax
Maximin
Maximum
Maximum likelihood
Mean
Means tested benefits
Mean-variance analysis
Measurement error
Median
Median location principle
Median Vote Theorem

Ti a ho cc i.
Ti a ho cc tiu.
Gi tr cc i.
Hp l cc i.
Trung bnh
Tr cp theo mc trung bnh.
Phn tch trung bnh - phng sai.
Sai s o lng.
Trung v.
Nguyn l nh v trung bnh.
nh l c tri trung dung.

Nguyn tc vng; Quy tc vng.

Nh cung cp ti chnh; Cng ty ti chnh.
Nh my c tin.
Nh my trnh thu quan.
Nh mi gii chng khon.
Nh nc phc li.
Nh pht hnh.
Nhn khu hc.
Nhn t c s kinh t.
Nhn t ngoi thng.
Nhn t thu kho.

Golden rule
Finance house
Mint
Tariff factory
Stockbroker
Welfare state
Issuing house
Demography
Economic base multiplier
Foreign trade mutiplier
Fiscal multiplier

Market failure

Page 65

Threshold
Fallacy of composition
Difference principle
Compensation principle
Marginal principle
Balance principle
Address principle
Capital Stock Adjustment
Principle

economic

Median Voter
Mediation
Medium of exchange
Medium term financial strategy
(MTFS)
Menu cost of inflation
Mercantilism
Merchant bank
Merger
Merit bad

C tri trung dung.

Ho gii.
Phng tin trao i.

Nhn vin tha.

Nhp lng gin tip.
Nhp nghnh cho

Redundancies
Overhead inputs
Cross-entry

Chin lc ti chnh trung hn.

Nhp nghnh v xut ngnh.

Entry and exit

Chi ph thc n ca lm pht.

Ch ngha trng thng.
Ngn hng nh bun
St nhp.
Hng khng khuyn dng.

Nhip v ngn hng chi nhnh

Nhiu trng.
Nhn chi tiu.
Nhm ngh.
Nhm ngi yu cu u tin.

Merit goods

Hng khuyn dng; Hng c li.

Nhm Pht trin Cng ngh trung gian.

Branch banking
White noise
Abstinence
Job cluster
Initial claims series
Intermediate Technology
Development Group

Methodology

Phng php lun.

Nhu cu co gin v co gin mt n v.

Elastic and unit elastic demand

Metzler case

Tnh hung Metzler.

Nhu cu vay ca khu vc cng cng.

Public Sector Borrowing

Requirement (PSBR)

M-form enterprise

Doanh nghip dng M

Nhng chnh lch tin lng gia cc khu vc.

Regional wage differentials

Microeconomics

Kinh t hc vi m.

Nhng chnh lch v mc lng theo ngh nghip.

Occupational wages differentials

Microfoundations
Minimax regret
Minimum
Minimum efficient scale

Cc c s vi m.
Quy tc ti thiu ho mc ng tic ti a.
Gi tr ti thiu.
Quy m hiu qu ti thiu.

Nhng con mt vng.

Nhng iu chnh gi di hn.
Nhng iu chnh gi ngn hn.
Nhng iu kin mi trng.

Goldbugs
Long run adjustments
Short run adjustments
Environmental conditions

Minimum employment target

Mc tiu ti thiu v vic lm.

Nhng ng c d phng.

Precaution motives

Minimum lending rate (MLR)

Li sut cho vay ti thiu.

Nhng ng c giao dch.

Transaction motives

Minimum wage
Minimum wage legislation
Minority control
Mint
Mis-specification

Tin lng ti thiu.

Lut v mc lng ti thiu.
Quyn kim sot ti thiu.
Nh my c tin.
Thng s sai lch.

Nhng ng c ti sn.
Nhng d tnh ngoi sinh.
Nhng hiu ng n xung quanh.
Nhng khon r r.
Nhng khon vay c bo lnh.

Assets motives
Exogenuos expectations
Neighborhood effects
Leakages
Secured

Mix of fiscal and money policy

S kt hp gia chnh sch thu kho v tin t.

Nhng khon vay khng thc hin ng hp ng.

Non performings loans

Mixed economy
Mixed estimation
Mixed good

Nn kinh t hn hp.
Phng php c tnh hn hp.
Hng ho hn hp.

Nhng k vng hp l ring phn.

Nhng mc li nhun vt tri
Nhng mc tiu phi tin t.

Partly rational expectations

Discretionary profits
Non-pecuniary goals

Page 66

economic

Mixed market economy

Mobility of labor
Mode
Mode of production
Model

Nn kinh t th trng hn hp.

Tnh lun chuyn ca lao ng.
Mt.
Phng thc sn xut.
M hnh

Nhng ngnh c bn.

Nhng ngoi tc sn xut.
Nhng ngoi tc tiu dng.
Nhng ngi b thi vic
Nhng ngi tht nghip c ng k.

Basic industries
Production externalities
Consumption externalities
Discharges
Registered unemployed

Modern quantity theory of money Thuyt nh lng tin t hin i.

Nhng ngi tht nghip kh tm vic lm.

Hard-core unemployed

Modern sector
Modigliani-Miller theory of cost of
capital
Modulus
Moments
Monetarism
Monetarists
Monetary accommodation
Monetary aggregate
Monetary base
Monetary overhang
Monetary standard
Monetary Union
Monetized economy
Money illusion

Khu vc hin i.

Nhng ngi theo thuyt trng nng.

Physiocrats

Hc thuyt v chi ph t bn ca Modigliani-Miller.

Nhng ngi theo thuyt trng tin.

Monetarists

Gi tr tuyt i.
M men
Ch ngha trng tin.
Nhng ngi theo thuyt trng tin.
S iu tit tin t.
Cung tin (M1,M2,M3).
C s tin t.
S s dng qu nhiu tin mt.
Bn v tin t.
Lin minh tin t.
Nn kinh t tin t ho.
o tng v tin.

Hedgers
Non performings assets
Annuity
Deadweight debt
National debt
Floating debt
Funded debt
Liabilities
Internalization
Internal rate of return
Interna Rate of return
Subsistence agriculture

Money market equilibrium

S cn bng ca th trng tin t.

Money multiplier
Money price
Money stock
Money supply
Money terms
Monoculture
Monopolistic Competition

S nhn tin t.
Gi ca tin.
Dung lng tin.
Cung tin.
(Biu th gi tr) bng tin.
c canh
Cnh tranh c quyn.

Monopoly

c quyn.

Monopoly power
Monopoly profit
Monopsony
Monte Carlo method
Moonlighting

Quyn lc c quyn.
Li nhun c quyn.
c quyn mua.
Phng php Monte Carlo.
S lm thm

Nhng ngi t bo him.

Nhng ti sn khng sinh li.
Nin kim.
N "trng".
N quc gia.
N th ni
N v thi hn; N c ti tr.
N.
Ni ho.
Ni sut sinh li
Ni sut thu hi vn/ t l hon vn ni b.
Nng nghip t cung cp t liu.
Nng sn thng mi; Hoa mu hng ho/ hoa mu
thng mi.
Nng sn xut khu
Nc ch n.
Nc mc n.
nhim.
Ph gi
Ph gi v nng gi.
Phm vi (ca mt hng ho).
Phm vi tc ng ca vic nh thu, i tng chu
thu.
Phn bit i x theo gi.
Phn bit i x tin cng.
Phn b theo tn sut.
Phn b thi gian.
Phn b vn ngn sch.

Page 67

Cash crops
Agricultural exports
Creditor nation
Debtor nation
Pollution
Devaluation
Devaluation and revaluation
Range (of a good)
Incidence of taxation
Price discrimination
Wage discrimination
Frequency distribution
Time, allocation of
Capital budgeting

economic

Moral hazard
Mortgage

Mi nguy o c; S lm tn.
Th chp.

Phn b, n nh
Phn cng lao ng.

Most favoured nation clause

iu khon ti hu quc.

Phn loi Ngnh Cng nghip theo tiu chun Quc t. ISIC

Moving average

Trung bnh ng.

Phn loi Cng nghip theo Tiu chun.

Multi-Collinearity
Multi-collinearity
Multicollitnearity
Multilateral aid
Multilateral trade
Multinational corporation

a cng tuyn.
a cng tuyn.
Tnh a cng tuyn.
Vin tr a phng
Thng mi a phng
Cng ty a quc gia.

Multiplant economies

Tnh kinh t nh vn hnh nhiu nh my.

Multiplant operations

S vn hnh a nh my.

Phn loi nghnh chun.

Phn loi th trng.
Phn phi bc thang
Phn phi chun
Phn phi chun.
Phn phi u.
Phn phI Kai bnh phng (Phn phi khi bnh
phng)
Phn phi li bng hin vt.

Multiple correlation coefficient

H s a tng quan.

Phn phi lch.

Skewed distribution

Multiple regression
Multiplier

Hi quy bi s.
S nhn.

Phn phi lin tc

Phn phi lin tc.

Continuous distribution
Continuous distribution

Multiplier - accelerator interaction Tc ng qua li gia s nhn - gia tc.

Phn phi ri rc

Discrete distribution

Multiplier - accelerator model

M hnh gia tc theo tha s / h s nhn.

Phn phi sau.

Posterior distribution

Multiplier coefficient
Multiproduct firm
Multisector growth model
Multivariate analysis

H s khuych i.
Hng sn xut a sn phm
M hnh tng trng a ngnh.
Phn tch a bin s.

Phn phi tam gic

Phn phi tt nh
Phn phi tt nh.
Phn phi theo quy m v hng.

Triangular distribution
Deterministic distribution
Deterministic distribution
Size distribution of firms

Mundell - Fleming model

M hnh Mundell - Fleming.

Phn phi thu nhp cho c nhn.

Personal income distribution

Mutually exclusive

Loi t ln nhau.

Phn phi thu nhp theo chc nng.

Function income distribution

Mutually exclusive projects

Nagative correlation
Naive accelerator
Nash solution
National accounts
National bargaining

Cc d n loi t ln nhau.
Tng quan nghch bin.
Gia tc dng n gin.
Gii php Nash.
H thng ti khon quc gia.
Thng lng mang tnh quc gia.

Phn phi thu nhp.

Phn phi tim cn.
Phn phi trc.
Phn phi xc sut
Phn phi.
Phn phi.

Income distribution
Asymptotic distribution
Prior distribution
Probability distribution
Distribution
Distribution (stats)

Page 68

Allocate
Division of labour

Standard Industrial Classification

(SIC)
SIC
Market classification
Step distribution
Normal distribution
Normal distribution
Union distribution
Chi-square distribution
In-kind redistribution

economic

National Bureau for Economic

Research
National debt

Phng nghin cu kinh t quc gia.

Phn r; phn k; Sai bit.

Divergence

N quc gia.

Phn tn ri ro.

Risk-diversification

National Economic Development

Hi ng pht trin kinh t quc gia.
Council (NEDC)

Phn tn.

Dispersion

National Enterprise Board (NEB) Ban doanh nghip quc gia.

Phn thm vo gi vn; Phn thm vo chi ph kh bin. Mark-up

National Girobank
National income

Ngn hng Giro quc gia.

Thu nhp quc dn.

Phn tc Fourier
Phn tch cc phn gy dch chuyn.

Fourier analysis
Shift share analysis

National income accounting

Hch ton Thu nhp quc dn.

Phn tch cn bin.

Marginal analysis

National Income Identities

ng nht thc ca thu nhp quc dn.

Phn tch cho

Cross-sectional analysis

National Institute for Economic

and Social Research

Vin Nghin cu Quc gia v Kinh t v X hi.

Phn tch chi ph - cng dng; Phn tch tn dng chi

ph.

Cost - utility analysis

National Insurance Contributions Cc khon ng gp bo him quc gia.

Phn tch chi ph - hiu qu

Cost - effectiveness analysis

National Insurance Fund

National Labor Relation Act
National product
National Research Development
Corporation
National Saving Bank
Nationalized indentities
Nationalized industry
Natural law
Natural logarithm
Natural monopoly
Natural price
Natural rate of growth

Qu bo him quc gia.

o lut quan h Lao ng Quc gia.
Sn phm quc dn.

Phn tch chi ph - li ch.

Phn tch chi ph thng k.
Phn tch a bin s.

Cost - benefit analysis

Statistical cost analysis
Multivariate analysis

Cng ty nghin cu pht trin quc gia.

Phn tch im ho vn

Break-even analysis

Ngn hng tit kim quc gia.

ng nht thc ca thu nhp quc dn.
Ngnh b quc hu ho.
Quy lut t nhin.
Lgarit t nhin.
c quyn t nhin.
Gi t nhin.
T l tng trng t nhin.

Phn tch nhy cm.

Phn tch nhy.
Phn tch hai bin s
Phn tch hot ng.
Phn tch li ch chi ph.
Phn tch lung tin qu
Phn tch ngng.
PHn tch quang ph.

Sensitivity analysis
Sensitivity analysis
Bivariate analysis
Activity analysis
Benefit-cost analysis
Flow of funds analysis
Threshold analys
Spectral analysis

Natural rate of unemployment

T l tht nghip t nhin.

Phn tch tc ng mi trng.

Environmental impact analysis

Natural resources

Ti nguyn thin nhin.

Phn tch tc ng.

Impact analysis

Natural selection hypothesis

Gi thuyt v s la chn t nhin.

Phn tch thng tin kinh t.

Informative economy analysis

Near money
Necessity

Tin cn; Chun t.

Hng thit yu.

Phn tch tnh hung.

Phn tch t hp cng nghip.

Scenario analysis
Industrial complex analysis

Page 69

economic

Negative income tax

Neighborhood effects
Neo-classical economics

Thu thu nhp m.

Nhng hiu ng n xung quanh.
Kinh t hc tn c in.

Phn tch trung bnh - phng sai.

Phn tch.
Phn tin tr cp.

Mean-variance analysis
Analysis (stats)
Allowance

Neo-classical growth theory

Hc thuyt tng trng tn c in.

Phn v.

Percetile

Neo-classical synthesis
Neo-imperialism
Neo-orthodoxy
Nested hypotheses
Net advantages, the equalisation
of
Net barter terms of trade
Net book value
Net economic welfare
Net export
Net investment

Hp tn c in.
Ch ngha quc kiu mi.
Trng phi tn chnh thng.
Cc gi thuyt lng nhau

Pht hnh cng cng.

Pht hnh quyn mua c phiu.
Pht hnh.
Pht kin v phung php (sn xut).

Public issue
Rights issue
Flotation
Process innovation

S cn bng ho nhng li th rng.

Pht kin v sn phm.

Product innovation

T gi trao i rng.
Gi tr rng theo s sch.
Phc li kinh t rng.
Xut khu rng.
u t rng ( Cn gi l s to vn rng) .

Pht kin; sng kin

Pht mi.
Pht minh v pht kin.
Pht tn hiu v sng lc.
Pht trin bn vng.

Innovations
Liquidation
Invention and innovation
Signaling and screening
Sustainable development

Net material product (NMP)

Sn phm vt cht rng.

Pht trin kinh t cn i.

Balanced economic development

Net national income

Thu nhp quc dn rng

Pht trin kinh t.

Economic development

Net national product

Sn phm quc dn rng.

Php kim nghim vy; Php kim nghim vng bin.

Encompassing test

Net present value

Net profit

Gi tr hin ti rng.
Li nhun rng.

Php phn tch lgit

Phi cng nghip ho.

Logit analysis
Deindustrialization

Net property income from abroad Thu nhp ti sn rng t nc ngoi.

Ph linh ng

Floating charge

Neutrality of money

Tnh cht trung lp ca tin.

Phi ngoi thng

Non trade

Neutralizing monetary flows

Trung ho cc lung tin t.

Phi th trng.

Non-market

New Economic Policy (NEP)

Chnh sch kinh t.

Ph thng ri ro cao.

High risk premia

New industrial state

New inflation
New international economic
order
New issues market
New microeconomics
New protectionism

Tnh trng cng nghip mi.

Lm pht kiu mi

Ph tn x hi do c quyn.
Ph tn x hi; Chi ph x hi.

Social cost of monopoly

Social cost

Trt t kinh t quc t mi.

Phi tuyn.

Non-linear

Th trng cc chng khon mi pht hnh.

Kinh t hc vi m mi.
Ch ngha bo h mi.

Ph vn chuyn.
Ph, bo him, cc vn chuyn, gi CIF.
Phiu li, li sut tri phiu.

Distance cost
Cost insurance freight
Coupon

Page 70

economic

New quantity theory of money

L thuyt nh lng mi v tin t.

Phii / bt i xng

Non-symmetric

New view of investment

Quan nim mi v u t.

Ph Lombard.

New York Stock Exchange

S giao dch chng khon New York

Phng nghin cu kinh t quc gia.

Lombard Street
National Bureau for Economic
Research

Cc nc mi cng nghip ho.

Phng thanh ton b tr

Clearing house

Kinh t hc vi m mi-mi.
Trng phi chnh thng mi.
Danh ngha.
T gi hi oi danh ngha v thc t.

Ph thuc tuyn tnh

Phc li kinh t rng.
Phc li kinh t.
Phc li phi tin t.

Linear dependence
Net economic welfare
Economic welfare
Fringe benefit

Li sut danh ngha v li sut thc t.

Phc li x hi.

Social welfare

S d tin mt danh ngha

Phng ph s dng Chi ph c hi trong thng mi

quc t.
Phng php bn Lgarit ho.

Opportunity cost approach to

international trade
Semi log

Nominal value

Gi tr danh ngha.

Phng php bnh phng nh nht thng thng.

Ordinary least square (OLS)

Nominal variables
Nominal yield

Cc bin s danh ngha.

Li tc danh ngha.

Phng php bnh phng nh nht.

Phng php Box-Jenkins.

Non performings assets

Nhng ti sn khng sinh li.

Phng php cn i danh mc u t i vi cn cn

thanh ton/ t gi hi oi.

Least squares
Box-Jenkins
Porfolio balance approach to the
balance of payments/ exchange
rate

Non performings loans

Nhng khon vay khng thc hin ng hp ng.

Phng php cn i danh mc u t.

Porfolio balance approach

Non trade

Phi ngoi thng

Phng php chi ph thc t i vi thng mi quc t.

Real cost approach to

international trade

Phng php ch s ho.

Indexation
Concertina method of tariff
reduction
Duality

Newly industrilizing countries

(NICs)
New-new microeconomics
New-orthodoxy
Nominal
Nominal and exchange rate
Nominal and real interest rates
Nominal and real money
balances
Nominal balances

S d tin mt danh ngha v thc t.

Non-accelerating inflation rate of

T l tht nghip khng lm tng lm pht.
unemployment

Non-competing groups
Non-cumulative preference
shares

Cc nhm khng cnh tranh.

Phng php iu ho gim thu quan; Phng php

gim thu quan hi ho.
Phng php i ngu.

C phiu u i phi tch lu.

Phng php Doolittle

Doolittle method

Non-excludability

Tnh khng th khu bit; tnh khng th ngn cn.

Phng php da theo thu nhp ( tnh GDP).

Income approach

Non-labor income
Non-linear

Thu nhp phi lao ng.

Phi tuyn.

Phng php da vo chi tiu ( tnh GDP).

Phng php giao dch.

Expenditure approach
Transactions approach

Non-bank financial intermediaries Cc t chc trung gian ti chnh phi ngn hng.

Page 71

economic

Non-linear function
Non-manual workers
Non-market
Non-nested hypotheses
Non-pecuniary goals
Non-price competition
Non-profit institutions
Non-renewable resource

Non-symmetric
Non-tariff barriers
Non-uniqueness
Non-wage attributes

Hm phi tuyn.
Lao ng phi th cng; Lao ng tr c.
Phi th trng.
Cc gi thit khng b lng nhau.
Nhng mc tiu phi tin t.
Cnh tranh phi gi c.
Cc t chc phi li nhun
Ti nguyn khng ti to c.
S tiu dng khng b kn ca; S tiu dng khng b
cnh tranh.
Phii / bt i xng
Cc hng ro phi thu quan.
Tnh phi c nht.
Cc thuc tnh phi tin lng.

Non-wage labour costs

Cc chi ph lao ng phi tin lng.

Norm
Norm following behaviour

nh mc tng lng.
Hnh vi theo nh mc lng.
'nh gi theo chi ph nh mc; nh gi theo chi ph
thng thng.

Phng php c tnh hn hp.

Phng php vi phn

Mixed estimation
Differencing

Phng sai

Variance

Normal distribution

Phn phi chun

Phng sn xut da trn gi thnh thp nht.

Least cost method of production

Normal distribution
Normal equations
Normal good
Normal profits
Normal unemployment
Normal variable

Phn phi chun.

Cc phng trnh chun.
Hng ho thng thng.
Cc khon li nhun thng thng.
T l tht nghip thng thng.
Bin thng thng.

Phng thc sn xut.

Phng tin thanh ton hp php (lut nh).
Phng tin trao i.
Phng trnh bc hai
Phng trnh Cambridge
Phng trnh Fisher

Mode of production
Leger tender
Medium of exchange
Quadratic equation
Cambridge Equation
Fisher equation

Normative costs of production

Cc chi ph sn sut chun tc.

Phng trnh Slutsky.

Slutsky equation

Normative economics
Notional demand
Null hypothesis
Numbers equivalent index
Numeraire
OAPEC
Objective function

Kinh t hc chun tc.

Cu tm tnh; Cu nim; cu t bin.
Gi thit Khng.
Ch s ng lng.
n v tnh ton.
T chc cc nc A-rp xut khu du
Hm mc tiu.

Phng trnh trao i.

Phng trnh v hnh vi
Phng trnh vi phn
Qu trnh
Qu trnh a dng ho; Php vi phn
Qu trnh iu chnh
Qu trnh gim lm pht.

Equation of exchange
Behavioural equation
Difference equation
Process
Differentiation
Adjustment process
Disinflation

Non-rival consumption

Normal cost pricing

Page 72

Phng php hp thu.

Phng php k thut.
Phng php Little - Mirrlees.
Phng php lun.
Phng php l thuyt qui v vn
Phng php Monte Carlo.
Phng php nhn qu.
Phng php phn tch chit khu lung tin.

Absorption approach
Engineering method
Little - Mirrlees method
Methodology
Capital theoretic approach
Monte Carlo method
Causality
DCF

Phng php quy hoch.

Programming methods

Phng php sn xut gin tip.

Phng php so snh ng.
Phng php so snh tnh.
Phng php thm nin.

Roundaboutness
Comparative dynamics
Comparative statics
Seniority practices

Phng php tit kim - u t i vi cn cn thanh

ton.

Savings-investment approach to
the balance of payments

economic

Occupational licensing

Cp bng hnh ngh.

Qu trnh lc.

Filtering

Occupational wages differentials Nhng chnh lch v mc lng theo ngh nghip.

Qu trnh Markov.

Markov process

Occupational wages structure

C cu lng theo ngh nghip.

Qu trnh ngu nhin thng k.

Stochastic process

OECD

T chc hp tc v pht trin kinh t.

Qu trnh nhn bit sai s.

Error learning process

OEEC

T chc hp tc kinh t Chu u.

Qu trnh phi tin t ho; gim bt s dng tin mt.

Demonetization

Offer curve

ng cho hng.

Qu trnh tnh ti ca xu hng.

Trend stationary process (TSP)

Offer for sale

Cho bn.

Qu trnh truyn b; S ph bin

Offer price

Gi cho.

Qu trnh vi phn tnh.

Office of Fair Trading

Office of Management and
Budget (OMB)

Vn phng thng mi cng bng.

Qu trnh xo b trung gian; Phi trung gian.

Diffusion
Difference stationary process
(DSP)
Disintermediation

Vn phng qun l v ngn sch.

Quan im ca b ti chnh.

Treasury view

Offshore investment centres

Cc trung tm u t hi ngoi.

Quan h nhn qu.

Causation

Oligopolistic
Oligopoly
Oligopsony
One sector growth model
One tail tests
On-the-job training

Hnh vi c quyn nhm bn

(Th trng) c quyn nhm bn
(Th trng) c quyn nhm mua.
M hnh tng trng mt khu vc.
Kim nh mt ui.
o to ti ch.

Quan h tr.
Qun l cu.
Qun l ngoi hi.
Qun l n.
Quan nim mi v u t.
Qung co.

Lagged relationship
Demand management
Exchange control
Debt management
New view of investment
Advertising

OPEC

T chc cc nc xut khu du m.

Qu Bo m v Hng dn Nng nghip Chu u.

European Agricultural Guidance

and Guaranted Fund

Open access resource

Ti nguyn c t do tip cn.

Qu bo him quc gia.

National Insurance Fund

Open economy

Nn kinh t m.

Qu bnh n Hi oi.

Exchange Equalization Account

Open economy economics

Kinh t hc v m ca nn kinh t m.

Qu Chu u.

European Fund

Open market operations

Cc nghip v th trng m, th trng t do.

Quy ch Q.

Regulation Q

Open unemployment
Opening prices
Operating gearing

Tht nghip m.
Gi m ca.
T phn chi ph nghip v c nh.

Qu d phng hon tr.

Quy hoch ng.
Quy hoch tuyn tnh.

Operating income

Thu nhp kinh doanh.

Qu hp tc Tin t Chu U.

Sinking fund
Dynamic programming
Linear programming
European Monetary Cooperation Fund

Page 73

economic

Operating profit
Opportunity cost
Opportunity cost approach to
international trade
Opportunity cost of capital
Opportunity cost of money
holding

Li nhun kinh doanh.

Chi ph c hi.
Phng ph s dng Chi ph c hi trong thng mi
quc t.
Chi ph c hi ca vn

Qu hu.
Quy l ti phm.

Pension fund
Criminalization

Quy lut ca cu.

Law of demand

Quy lut dn s ca Malthus.

Malthus's law of population

Chi ph c hi ca vic gi tin.

Quy lut Director

Director's Law

Opportunity wage

Mc lng c hi.

Quy lut tho dng cn bin gim dn.

Optimal
Optimal capacity
Optimal distribution
Optimal level of pollution
Optimum
Optimum of optimorum
Optimum plant size
Optimum tariff
Option

Ti u
Cng sut ti u.
S phn phi ti u.
Mc nhim Ti u.
Trng thi ti u.
Trng thi ti u trong ti u.
Quy m nh my mc ti u.
Thu quan ti u.
Hp ng mua bn trc.

Quy lut li tc gim dn.

Quy lut mt gi.
Quy lut st v tin cng.
Quy lut t nhin.
Quy lut v cc c tnh bin i.
Qu lng.
Quy m hiu qu ti thiu.
Quy m nh my mc ti u.
Qu ngn kh.

Law of diminishing marginal

utility
Law of diminishing returns
Law of one price
Iron law of wages
Natural law
Law of variable proprerties
Wage fund
Minimum efficient scale
Optimum plant size
Consolidated fund

Option value

Gi tr ca quyn la chn.

Qu pht trin Chu u.

European Devolopment Fund

Ordering

Xp th t.

Qu Pht trin Khu vc Chu u.

Ordinal utility

tho dng theo th t.

Qu pht trin vn ca Lin hp quc.

Ordinalism

Ch ngha th t.

Quy tc cng.

European Regional Development

Fund.
United Nations Capital
Development Fund
Addition rule

Ordinary least square (OLS)

Phng php bnh phng nh nht thng thng.

Quy tc a s.

Majority rule

Ordinary share
Ordinate

C phiu thng.
Tung .

Quy tc a s.
Quy tc dy chuyn. (Quy tc hm ca hm).

Organic composition of capital

Thnh phn hu c ca vn.

Quy tc n b theo xp hng thi ua

Plurality
Chain rule
Rank-tournament compensation
rule

Organization for European

T chc hp tc kinh t chu u.
Economic Co-operation (OEEC)

Quy tc hm ca mt hm s.

Function of function rule

Organization of Arab Petroleum

Exporting Countries

Quy tc hm ngc.

Inverse function rule

(OAPEC) - T chc Cc nc rp xut khu du m.

Page 74

economic

Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development

(OECD)
Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries
Organization slack
Other thng equal
Outcome
Outlier
Output
Output budgeting
Outside lag
Outside money
Outstanding credit
Over the counter market

T chc hp tc v pht trin kinh t.

Quy tc mi hai thng.

Twelve-month rule

(OPEC) - T chc cc nc xut khu du m.

Quy tc nht tr hon ton.

Unanimity rule

S lng lo v t chc.
Cc iu kin khc khng i.
Kt cc, kt qu.
Gi tr ngoi lai.
Sn lng (hay u ra).
Lp ngn sch theo Sn lng (hay u ra).
tr bn ngoi.
Tin bn ngoi.
Tn dng cha thanh ton.
Th trng khng ni giao dch.

Quy tc ra quyt nh
Quy tc thng s.
Quy tc tch s.
Quy tc ti thiu ho mc ng tic ti a.
Quy tc t t.
Qu Tin t Chu U.
Qu X hi Chu U.
Qu x hi.
Quyn kim sot ti thiu.
Quyn lc c quyn.

Decision rule
Quotient rule
Product rule
Minimax regret
Rule-of-thumb
European Monetary Fund
European Social Fund.
Social Fund
Minority control
Monopoly power

Overall fit of regression

Mc ph hp tng th ca phng trnh hi quy.

Quyn lc th trng; Sc mnh i vi th trng.

Market power

Overdraff
Overfunding

Chi di; Thu chi.

Vay qu mc.

Quyn mua/ bn chng khon.

Quyn rt tin c bit.

Stock option
SDR

Overhead costs

Chi ph duy tu

Quyn rt vn c bit.

Special drawing rights (SDRs)

Overhead inputs

Nhp lng gin tip.

Patent rights

Overidentification

S ng nht ho qu mc.

Overnight money
Overpopulation
Overshooting
Overtime
Overvalued currency
Owner-controlled firms
Paid-up capital
Paper money
Paper profit
Par rate of exchange
Par value
Par value of gold
Parabola
Paradigm

Tin qua m.
Dn s qu ng.
Tng qu cao (t gi hi oi).
Lm vic thm ngoi gi.
Tin c nh gi qu cao.
Cc hng do ngi ch s hu kim sot.
Vn c huy ng
Tin giy.
Li nhun trn giy.
T gi hi oi tng ng.
Gi tr danh ngha, mnh gi.
Gi tr ngang gi ca vng.
Dng Parabn.
H thuyt; Lun thuyt.

Quyn tc gi.
Quyn ti thng ca ngi tiu dng; Ch quyn ca
ngi tiu dng
Quyt nh lun do mi trng.
Rng buc
Rng buc v li nhun.
Ro cn nhp ngnh
Ro cn nhp nghnh.
Rt tnh ti.
Ri ro hp doanh; Ri ro cng ty.
Ri ro kinh doanh
Ri ro ti chnh.
Rp chuyn i c.
Sa thi tm thi
Sa thi tm thi.
Sch xanh
Sai s cn bng

Page 75

Consumer sovereignty
Environmental determinism
Constraint
Profit constraint
Barriers to entry
Entry barriers
Strongly stationary
Corporate risk
Business risk
Financial risk
Transferable rouble
Layoffs
Temporary layoffs
Blue Book
Equilibrium error

economic

Paradox of thrift
Paradox of value
Paradox of voting

Nghch l ca tit kim.

Nghch l v gi tr.
Nghch l v b phiu.

Sai s chun
Sai s o lng.
Sai s d on.

Standard error
Measurement error
Forecast error

Parallel market premium rate

T l chnh lch gi ca th trng song hnh.

Sai s loi I / loi II.

Type I/ type II

Parameter

Thng s.

Sai s trong bin s (hay sai s trong cc php o).

Errors variables

Paricipating preference shares

C phiu u tin tham gia.

Sai s.

Disturbance term

Paricipation rate
Parity price system
Partial adjustment
Partial derivative
Partial equilibrium
Partly rational expectations
Partnership
Passche price index
Patent rights
Patents

T l tham gia.
H thng gi tng ng.
iu chnh tng phn.
o hm ring phn.
Cn bng b phn.
Nhng k vng hp l ring phn.
Bn tham gia; Hi chung vn.
Ch s gi Passche.
Quyn tc gi.
Bng sng ch.

Sai st k thut.
Sn chi cng bng / cng mt sn chi?
Sn lng (hay u ra).
Sn lng gp.
Sn lng quc dn thc t.
Sn lng tim nng.
Sn phm bnh qun.
Sn phm cn bin ca lao ng.
Sn phm cn bin.
Sn phm cui cng.

Specification error
Level field
Output
Aggregate output
Real national output
Potential output
Average product
Marginal product of labors
Marginal product
Final product

Path independence

S c lp v ng tin trin; c lp v ng i.

Sn phm ang gia cng.

Work in progress

Path of government spending

M hnh cch thc chi tiu ca chnh ph.

Sn phm doanh thu bnh qun.

Average revenue product

Pattern bargaining
Pauper labour

Thng lng theo m hnh.

Lao ng bn cng.
Mc lng trn; gii hn trn ca tin lng; Gii hn
cao nht ca tin lng.

Sn phm doanh thu cn bin.

Sn phm ng nht.

Marginal revenue product

Homogeneous product

Sn phm gi tr bin ca lao ng.

Marginal value product of labor

Pay freeze

C nh tin lng.

Sn phm gi tr bin ca vn.

Marginal value product of capital

Pay in kind
Payback period
Payment - by - results
Payments, balance of

Tr bng hin vt.

Thi k hon vn.
Tr theo kt qa.
Cn cn thanh ton.

Sn phm khng ng nht.

Sn phm quc dn rng.
Sn phm quc dn.
Sn phm vt cht cn bin.

Heterogeneous product
Net national product
National product
Marginal physical product

Pay-off

Li ch rng.

Sn phm vt cht gi tr bin.

Value marginal physical product

Payout ratio

T l tr c tc.
Cu lao ng thi k cao im; Cu lao ng k
gip ht.

Sn phm vt cht rng.

Net material product (NMP)

Sp nhp chiu dc.

Vertical merger

Pay ceiling

Peak period labour demand

Page 76

economic

Peak-load pricing

nh gi theo mc tiu th nh; nh gi theo tiu dng

cao im.

St nhp.

Merger

Pecuniary external economy

Tnh kinh t tin t bn ngoi.

Siu chi tiu.

Supernumerary expenditure

Peg-neo
Pendulum arbitration
Pension
Pension fund
Per capita

"ct vo"
Trng ti con lc.
Tin lng hu.
Qu hu.
Theo u ngi.

Siu hng ho.

Siu lm pht.
Siu li nhun/ Li nhun siu ngch.
Siu mi trng.
Siu nht qun.

Superior goods
Hyperinflation
Supernormal profits
Super-environment
Superconsistency

Per capita real GDP

THU NHP QUC DN thc t tnh theo u ngi.

Siu trung lp.

Super-neutrality

Perceived Wealth

Ca ci d tnh c.

Constant returns to scale

Percentage change

Chnh lch tnh bng phn trm.

Percetile
Perestroika
Perfect capital mobility
Perfect competition
Perfect information
Perfect markets

Phn v.
i mi, ci t.
Kh nng lu chuyn hon ho ca vn.
Cnh tranh hon ho.
Thng tin hon ho.
Cc th trng hon ho.

Sinh li c nh theo quy m.

Sinh li khng i theo qui m; Li tc c nh theo quy
m
Sinh li khng i theo quy m.
S o.
S ch s.
S d BLUS
S d ni phn.
S d tin mt danh ngha

Performance

Thnh qu.

S d tin mt danh ngha v thc t.

Permanent comsumption
Permanent income

Mc tiu dng thng xuyn.

Thu nhp thng xuyn.

S d tuyn tnh v hng khng chch.

S d.

Constant returns to scale

Imaginary number
Index number
BLUS residuals
Recursive residuals
Nominal balances
Nominal and real money
balances
LUS
Residual

Permanent income hypothesis

Gi thuyt thu nhp thng xuyn.

S giao dch chng khon M (ASE hay AMEX).

American Stock Exchange

Perpetuity
Personal income

Khon chi tr vnh cu.

Thu nhp c nhn.

S giao dch chng khon New York

S giao dch chng khon.

New York Stock Exchange

Stock exchange

Personal income distribution

Phn phi thu nhp cho c nhn.

S gi lm vic chun hng tun.

Standard weekly hours

Personal income Hypothesis

Gi thuyt v thu nhp lu di.

S hu cng cng

Public ownership

Personal loan

Khon vay cho c nhn.

S liu cho/ mu/ c trng.

Cross-section data

Personal rate of substitution

T l thay th c nhn.

S nghch o Leontief.

Leontief inverse

Personal saving
Perverse migration
PESC

Tit kim c nhn.

Di c ngc.
U ban iu tra chi tiu cng cng.

S nghch o.
S ngi b vic.
S nguyn

Reciprocal
Quits
Integer

Page 77

Constant returns to scale

economic

Petroleum revenue tax (PRI)

Thu thu nhp du la.

S nhn a phng

Local mutiplier

Physical and financial capital

Vn hin vt v vn ti chnh.

S nhn khu vc.

Regional multiplier

Physiocrats
Piece rates
Piecework
Pigou effect
Pigovian tax
Pivot effect hypothesis
Placing

Nhng ngi theo thuyt trng nng.

Thu nhp tnh theo sn phm.
Vic lm khon.
Hiu ng Pigou
Thu Pigou.
Gi thuyt v hiu ng quay.
Nghip v by bn.

S nhn ngn sch cn i.

S nhn tc ng
S nhn tin t.
S nhn tn dng.
S nhn.
S phc
So snh cng ng.

Planned economy

Nn kinh t k hoch ho.

So snh tho dng gia cc c nhn.

Balanced-budget multiplier
Impact multiplier
Money multiplier
Credit multiplier
Multiplier
Complex number
Fair comparisons
Interpersonal comparisons of
utility

Planning programming budgeting

system (PPBS)
Planometrics
Plant bargaining
Plurality
Point elasticity of demand
Point estimation
Point of inflexion

H thng lp ngn sch theo chng trnh k hoch

ho.
K hoch lng.
S thng lng mt nh my.
Quy tc a s.
D co gin im ca cu.
c lng im.
im un.

Point utility possibility curve

So snh p buc.

Coercive comparisons

So snh v lng
S thch c bc l.
S thch theo thi gian.
S thch, th hiu.
S thch.
S thch; S u tin.

Company saving
Revealed preference
Time preference
Taste
Preference revelation
Preference

ng kh nng tho dng im.

S thng k (d hoc D.W.).

Durbin- Watson

Point voting
Policy - off
Policy coordination
Policy instruments
Policy targets
Political business cycle
Political economy
Poll tax
Polluter pays principle

B phiu theo im.

Thi k khng p dng chnh sch.
iu phi chnh sch.
Cc cng c chnh sch.
Cc mc tiu chnh sch.
Chu k kinh t chnh tr.
Kinh t chnh tr.
Thu thn.
Nguyn tc ngi gy nhim tr ph.

S thng k Durbin - h
S thu.
S trung bnh.
S vn vay.
S "lm p" bo co ti chnh.
S n khp, t s gia vn n v vn c phn
S bm tin.
S bng n do u c.
S bng n tng trng

Durbin h - statistic
Receipt
Average
Loan stock
Window dressing
Gearing
Injections
Speculative boom
Boom

Pollution

nhim.

S ci thin Pareto tim nng.

Potential Pareto improvement

Pollution rights

Cc quyn c gy nhim.

S cn bng ca th trng tin t.

Polynomial

a thc; Biu thc i s.

S cn bng ho nhng li th rng.

Polynomial lag

tr a thc; tr ca biu thc i s.

S cn bng yu t sn xut - gi c.

Money market equilibrium

Net advantages, the equalisation
of
Factor-price equalization

Page 78

economic

Pooled data
Pooled lending / loan
Population explosion
Population policy
Population trap
Porfolio
Porfolio balance approach
Porfolio balance approach to the
balance of payments/ exchange
rate
Porfolio diversification
Positional good
Positive bais
Positive correlation
Positive economics
Positivism
Posterior distribution
Postwar credits

D liu gp.
Cho vay lin hip.
Bng n dn s.
Chnh sch dn s.
By dn s.
Danh mc u t.
Phng php cn i danh mc u t.

S chm pht trin.

S ch o theo k p gi c.
S cha nhn dng.
S chuyn i
S c nh gi
S a dng ho danh mc u t.
S m bo.

Underdevelopment
Barometric price leadership
Underidentification
Conversion
Price fixing
Porfolio diversification
Warrant

Phng php cn i danh mc u t i vi cn cn

thanh ton/ t gi hi oi.

S dn gi.

Price leadership

S a dng ho danh mc u t.
Hng ho theo v tr.
Thin lch ng bin.
Tng quan ng bin.
Kinh t hc thc chng.
Ch ngha thc chng.
Phn phi sau.
Cc tn dng hu chin.

S nh i.
S nh thu.
S o ngc cc yu t sn xut.
S u c t gi hi oi.
S iu tit ca chnh ph.
S iu tit tin t.
S iu tit.
S nh tr v lu di.

Trade-off
Taxation
Factor reverals
Exchange rate speculation
Government regulation
Monetary accommodation
Regulation
Secular stagnation

Potential entry

S nhp ngnh tim nng.

S c lp v ng tin trin; c lp v ng i.

Path independence

Potential national income

Potential output

Thu nhp quc dn tim nng.

Sn lng tim nng.

S ng ca gy p lc (i vi cng nhn).
S ng nht ho qu mc.

lockout
Overidentification

Potential Pareto improvement

S ci thin Pareto tim nng.

S dng nhiu t.

Land intensive

Poverty

S ngho kh.

S dng nhiu lao ng, thm dng nhiu lao ng.

Labour intensive

Poverty trap
Power function

By ngho kh.
Hm lu tha.

S hp thu trong nc.

S hiu lm v chi ph chm.

Domestic absorption
Sunk cost fallacy

Prais - Winsten

Bin i Prais - Winsten.

S hi t lp v nhu cu; S trng hp nhu cu.

Double-coincidence of wants

Prebisch thesis

Lun Prebisch

S hp nht.

Amalgamation

Precaution motives

Nhng ng c d phng.

S kt hp gia chnh sch thu kho v tin t.

Mix of fiscal and money policy

Precautionary motive

ng c d phng.

S khc bit ho sn phm.

Product differentiation

Precautionary unemployment

Tht nghip phng nga.

S khc bit v thu nhp.

Income differentials

Pre-commitment

Cam kt trc.

S khan him.

Scarcity

Page 79

economic

Predatory pricing

nh gi bn ph gi.

Prediction
Pre-emption rights
Preference
Preference revelation
Preference shares
Preferential hiring
Preferred ordinary shares
Premium
Premium saving bonds
Present value
Price Commission
Price control
Price discrimination

D bo.
Cc quyn u tin mua c phiu.
S thch; S u tin.
S thch.
C phiu u tin.
S thu ngi u tin.
C phiu thng c u tin.
Tin tr thm hay ph bo him.
Tri phiu tit kim c thng.
Gi tr hin ti.
U ban vt gi.
Kim sot gi.
Phn bit i x theo gi.

S khim khuyt ca th trng; S trc trc ca th

trng.
S khng chc chn.
S khng hon ho ca th trng.
S khng thch mt mt.
S lm gim khuyn khch ca thu.
S lm quyn iu tit; "iu tit b tri".
S lm thm
S ln gi hng tn kho.
S lng lo trong qun l.
S lng lo v t chc.
S la chn cng cng.
S la chn cng ngh.
S la chn cng ngh.
S la chn ca x hi.

Price effect

Hiu ng gi.

S la chn k thut sn xut.

Choice of production technique

Price elasticity of demand

Price fixing
Price fixing agreement
Price index
Price leadership
Price mechanism

co gin ca cu theo gi.

S c nh gi
Tho thun c nh gi.
Ch s gi.
S dn gi.
C ch gi.

S la chn tp th.
S lng
S m phng.
S mua t v hp nht .
S nng gi tr; s tng gi.
S ngho kh.

Collective choise
Cliometrics
Simulation
Takeover and mergers
Revaluation
Poverty

Price revolution

Cch mng gi.

S ngoi sinh ca cung tin t.

Exogeneity of money supply

Price setter
Price specie mechanism
Price support
Price support scheme
Price taker
Price theory
Price volatility
Price/earning ratio

Ngi t gi.
C ch chy vng.
Tr gi.
K hoch tr gi.
Ngi chp nhn gi.
L thuyt gi.
Bin ng gi c.
T l gi / Li tc (t l P/E)

S nhp ngnh tim nng.

S nhy cc.
S n nh c can thip
S n nh ho.
S n nh.
S ph sn.
S phn bit i s.
S phn bit gi c theo khu vc.

Potential entry
Leap - frogging
Discretionary stabilization
Stabilization
Stability
Bankruptcy
Discrimination
Spatial price discrimination

Price-cost margin

Mc chnh lch gi-chi ph.

S phn b ngun lc c hiu qu

Efficient resource allocation

Price-push

Gi y.

S phn cp thu kho; S phn cp ngn sch.

Fiscal decentralization

Page 80

Market failure
Uncertainty
Market imperfection
Loss aversion
Tax disincentive
Regulatory capture
Moonlighting
Stock appreciation
Managerial slack
Organization slack
Public choice
Choice of technology
Technology, choice of
Social choice

economic

Primary commodities

Hng s ch.

Primary goods

Cc hng ho c bn.

Primary market
Primary money
Primary of targeting
Primary securities
Primary workers
Principal

Th trng s cp.
Tin s cp.
Nguyn tc hng ch.
Chng khon s cp.
Cc cng nhn s cp.
Tin gc.
Vn u thc v nhm thc; Vn ngi c vn v
ngi i din.
Phn phi trc.
Th lng gii ca ngi t; Th tin thoi lng nan
ca ngi t.

Principal-agent problem
Prior distribution
Prisoner's dilemma
Private and social cost of
unemployment
Private company
Private good

S phn chia lao ng quc t.

International division of labour

S phn loi chung v cc hot ng kinh t trong Cng

ng chu u.
S phn phi ti u.
S pht mi.
S phim dng.
S ph thuc ln nhau v v tr.
S s ri ro, khng thch ri ro.
S s dng qu nhiu tin mt.

General Classification of
Economic Activities in t
Optimal distribution
Winding up
Underemployment
Locational interdependence
Risk aversion
Monetary overhang

S s dng yu t sn xut.

Factor utilization

S st gim gi tr tin t

Currency depreciation

S suy lun thng k.

Statistical inference

Thit hi / ph tn c nhn v x hi ca tht nghip.

S tch bit gia quyn s hu v quyn kim sot.

Cng ty t nhn.
Hng ho ring t.

S tng gi tr ca mt ng tin
S tng gi tr.

Separation of ownership from

control
Currency appreciation
Appreciation

Private sector cash-deposite ratio T s gia tin mt v s tin gi ca khu vc t nhn.

S tng trng kinh t khng cn i.

Unbalanced economic growth

Privatization
Probability
Probability density function
Probability distribution
Probit model
Process
Process innovation
Producer's co-operatives

T nhn ho
Xc sut
Hm mt xc xut.
Phn phi xc sut
M hnh Probit (hay m hnh xc sut n v).
Qu trnh
Pht kin v phung php (sn xut).
Cc hp tc x ca nh sn xut.

S to lp thng mi.
S tp trung cng nghip.
S tp trung gp.
S tp trung ngi mua.
S tp trung.
S tha ho
S th ni c qun l hay khng thun khit.
S tham gia ca ngi lao ng.

Trade creation
Industrial concentration
Aggregate concentration
Buyer concertration
Concentration
Alienation
Managed or dirty floating
Workers' partipation

Producer's surplus

Thng d ca nh sn xut.

S thp ho; S chp ho; Vic hnh thnh hnh chp.

Pyramiding

Product cycle

Chu k sn phm.

S thay i theo phng on.

CONJECTURAL VARIATION

Product differentiation
Product innovation
Product proliferation
Product rule
Production externalities

S khc bit ho sn phm.

Pht kin v sn phm.
a dng ho sn phm.
Quy tc tch s.
Nhng ngoi tc sn xut.

S thay i vn ho
S thay th tin t
S thu ngi u tin.
S thng lng mt nh my.
S tin trin ca tnh hnh kinh t.

Cultural change
Currency substitution
Preferential hiring
Plant bargaining
Evolving market condition

Page 81

economic

Production frontier

Gii hn sn xut.

Production function

Hm sn xut.

Production incentives

Cc khuyn khch sn xut.

S tiu dng khng b kn ca; S tiu dng khng b

cnh tranh.
S tiu dng nhm th hin; S tiu dng nhm khoe
khoang.
S tm kim c li; S tm kim tin thu.

Production Possibility curve

ng kh nng sn xut.

S trao i khng ngang bng.

Unequal exchange

Production Possibility frontier

ng gii hn kh nng sn xut.

S trao i phiu bu; b phiu gian ln.

Logolling

Production smoothing

Lm nut qu trnh sn xut; Vic lm cho sn xut

c tri chy.

S trung thnh vi nhn hiu

Brand loyalty

Lnh vc sn xut v lnh vc ngn sch.

S t tng quan.

Autocorrelation

Nng sut.
Thng lng theo nng sut.
C im li nhun; Trung tm li nhun.
Rng buc v li nhun.
Hm li nhun
Chnh lch li nhun

Correlation
Managerial discretion
Liquidity preference
Estimation
Multiplant operations
Internal drain

Production sphere and

budgetary sphere
Productivity
Productivity bargaining
Profit centre
Profit constraint
Profit function
Profit margin

Non-rival consumption
Conspicuous consumption
Rent seeking

Profit maximization

Ti a ho li nhun.

Profit motive
Profit rate

ng c li nhun
T l li nhun.

S tng quan
S tu tin trong qun l.
S a thch ti sn d thanh tiu
S c lng.
S vn hnh a nh my.
S x tin trong nc.
S xem xt kha cnh phn phi; BIN MINH PHN
PHi.
S/ mc mt mt v ch.
Sut chit khu.

Profit, falling rate of

T l st gim li nhun.

Sut sinh li cn c ca vn.

Required rate of return on capital

Profits
Profits-push inflation

Li nhun.
Lm pht do li-nhun-y.

Sut sinh li hiu dng.

Sut sinh li ti chnh.

Programme budgeting

Lp ngn sch theo chng trnh.

Sut sinh li thc t cn c ca vn.

Effective rate of return

Financial rate of return
Required real rate of return on
capital

Programming methods

Phng php quy hoch.

Sut sinh li t u t.

Rate of return on investment

Progressive tax
Project appraisal
Property rights
Proportional tax

Thu lu tin.
Thm nh d n.
Cc quyn s hu ti sn.
Thu tnh theo t l.

Sut thu bnh qun (sut thu thc t).

Sc cn ca thu kho.
Sc lao ng.
Sc mnh ca cng on i vi th trng.

Average rate of tax

Fiscal drag
Labour power
Union market power

Propulsive industries

Cc ngnh ng lc.

Sc mua ca ng tin.

Purchasing power of money

Prospect theory

L thuyt vin cnh.

Sc mua tng ng.

Purchasing power parity

Page 82

Distributive judgement
Dead weight loss
Discount rate

economic

Protection
Proxy
Proxy variable
Pseudo-demand schedule
Public choice
Public company
Public Expediture

Bo h.
Tnh i din
Bin s i din.
Biu cu-gi.
S la chn cng cng.
Cng ty cng cng.
Chi tiu cng cng.

Suy lun
Suy thoi km lm pht.
Suy thoi.
Tc ng ca vic nh thu.
Tc ng e do.
Tc ng ln p, chn p.
Tc ng ngng.

Inference
Stagflation
Recession
Impact of taxation
Threat effect
Crowding-out effect
Threshold effect

Public good

Hng ho cng cng.

Tc ng phn hi/by.

Feedback/entrapment effects

Public issue

Pht hnh cng cng.

Tc ng qua li gia s nhn - gia tc.

Multiplier - accelerator interaction

Public ownership
Public Sector Borrowing
Requirement (PSBR)
Public Sector Debt Repayment
(PSDR)
Public utility
Public utility regulation
Purchase tax

S hu cng cng

Tc ng thay th yu t sn xut.
Tc ng v hiu ho thm ht cn cn thanh ton bi
dng vn chy vo.

Factor substitution effect

Sterilization impact of capital
inflow

Hon tr n ca khu vc cng cng.

ti bin

Margin, at the

Ngnh dch v cng cng

iu tit ngnh dch v cng cng.
Thu mua hng.

Ti chnh
Ti chnh bn trong.
Ti chnh a phng.

Finance
Internal finance
Local finance

Purchasing power of money

Sc mua ca ng tin.

Ti chuyn i.

Reswitching

Purchasing power parity

Sc mua tng ng.

Ti kh c.

Pure competition

Cnh tranh thun tu.

Ti khon (hay qu) Thanh ton lin vng.

Pure inflation
Pure inflation
Pure profit

Lm pht thun tu.

Lm pht thun tu.
Li nhun thun tu.

Ti khon phn phi li.

Ti khon tin gi
Ti khon tn dng.

Recontract
Interdistrict Settlement Account
(or Fund)
Appropriation account
Deposit account
Charge account

Put option

Hp ng bn trc.

Ti khon vng lai v ti khon vn.

Current and capital account

Putty-clay

M hnh putty-clay; M hnh mt tt - t st.

Putty-putty

M hnh putty-putty; M hnh mt tt - mt tt.

Ti khon vng lai/ ti khon hin hnh, cn cn ti

khon vng lai.
Ti khon vn.

Pyramiding

S thp ho; S chp ho; Vic hnh thnh hnh chp.

Ti khon.

Account

Quadrant
Quadratic equation
Quadratic utility function
Qualitative choice models

Gc to / gc phn t.
Phng trnh bc hai
Hm tho dng bc hai.
M hnh la chn nh tnh.

Ti nguyn c t do tip cn.

Ti nguyn khng ti to c.
Ti nguyn ti to c.
Ti nguyn thin nhin.

Open access resource

Non-renewable resource
Renewable resource
Natural resources

Nhu cu vay ca khu vc cng cng.

Page 83

Current account
Capital account

economic

Quantity theory of money

Quartile
Quasiliquid asset
Quasi-option value

L thuyt nh lng v tin t.

T phn v.
Ti sn bn thanh ton.
Gi tr ca hp ng mua bn trc.

Redistribution
Reintermediation
Quasiliquid asset
Fixed asset

T l ti sn d chuyn hon.
Tin k pht nhanh.
Thnh nm phn bng nhau.
S ngi b vic.
Hn nghch.
Cc cng ty c nim yt gi.
Quy tc thng s.
Nghin cu v trin khai.
Nghin cu, trin khai v trnh din.
U ban Radcliffe.

Ti phn phi.
Ti ph trung gian.
Ti sn bn thanh ton.
Ti sn c nh.
Ti sn d hon chuyn; Ti sn lng; ti sn d thanh
tiu .
Ti sn hu hnh.
Ti sn lu ng.
Ti sn n ngn hn.
Ti sn v hnh.
Ti sn vn.
Ti sn.
Ti tr bng vay n.
Ti tr n by.
Ti tr thm ht
Tm nhn/ khung tri hu hn.

Quasi-rent

Tin thu gi.

Quick assets ratio

Quick-disbursing fundss
Quintile
Quits
Quota
Quoted companies
Quotient rule
R and D
R,D and D
Radcliffe Committee
Radical economics

Kinh t hc cp tin.

Tm ng.

Ways and means advandces

Raider firm

Hng thu mua.

Tng cng ti chnh; pht trin h thng ti chnh.

Finance deepening

Ramdom events

Cc bin c ngu nhin.

Tng cng vn.

Capital deepening

Ramsey pricing

nh gi Ramsay.

Tng gi v gim gi tr.

Appreciation and depreciation

Random coefficient models

Random sample
Random variable
Random walk
Range (of a good)
Range of values

Cc m hnh h s ngu nhin.

Mu ngu nhin.
Bin ngu nhin.
Bc ngu nhin.
Phm vi (ca mt hng ho).
Min gi tr.

Appreciation (currency)
Bourgeoisie
Overshooting
"gold age" growth
Balanced growth
Export-led growth

Rank correlation

Tng quan bc.

Tng gi.
Tng lp trng gi; Tng lp t sn
Tng qu cao (t gi hi oi).
Tng trng "thi k hong kim".
Tng trng cn i.
Tng trng da vo xut khu.
Tng trng hng ni; Tng trng hng vo th
trng ni a.
Tng trng kinh t.
Tng trng lm khn kh.
Tng trng m phng.

Imitative growth

Rank of a matrix
Hng ca ma trn.
Ranking of projects
Xp hng cc d n.
Rank-tournament compensation
Quy tc n b theo xp hng thi ua
rule

Liquid asset
Tangible assets
Current assets
Current liabilities
Intangible assets
Capital asset
Asset
Debt finance
Leveraged financing
Deficit financing
Finite horizon

Domestic - oriented growth

Economic growth
Immiserizing growth

Ratchet effect

Hiu ng bnh cc.

Tng trng ngoi ng; Tng trng do bn ngoi.

External growth

Rate capping

Hn ch t l chi tiu.

Tng trng nh a dng ho

Differentiated growth

Page 84

economic

Rate of commodity

T l thay th hng ho.

Tng trng nh ni ng.

Internal growth

Rate of interest

Li xut.

Tng trng mc n nh; Tng trng u n.

Steady-state growth

Rate of return

T sut li tc.

Tng vay bng cch thay c phn

Leveraged buy out (LBO)

Rate of return on investment

Sut sinh li t u t.

To ra mong mun tiu dng.

Want creation

Rate of time preference

Rate support grant
Rateable value
Rates
Rational expectations
Rational lags
Rationality
Rationing
Rawlsian justice
Reaction functions
Real / relative price

T l u tin thi gian.

Tr cp nng mc thu.
Gi tr c th nh thu.
Thu a c.
K vng duy l.
Tr hu t; Tr hp l.
Tnh duy l.
Chia khu phn.
Bng ng Rawls
Cc hm phn ng.
Cc gi thc t/ tng i.

To vic lm.
Tp qun v thng l
Th ni (kiu) bn; Th ni khng hon ton
Th ni t do
Thi i vi ri ro.
Thm nh d n.
Thm nh.
Thm ht
Thm ht ca Chnh ph.
Thm ht i ngoi; Thm ht bn ngoi.
Thm ht ngn sch.

Job creation
Custom and practice
Dirty float
Clean float
Risk character
Project appraisal
Appraisal
Deficit
Government deficit
External deficit
Budget deficit

Real balance effect

nh hng ca s d tin thc/ hiu ng tin thc.

Thng d ca ngi tiu dng

Consumer's surplus

Real balance effect

Real cost approach to
international trade
Real interest rate.

Hiu ng s d tin.

Thng d ca nh sn xut.

Producer's surplus

Phng php chi ph thc t i vi thng mi quc t.

Thng d kinh t.

Economic surplus

Mc li sut thc t.

Transfer earnings

Real money balances

Cc s d tin thc t.

Real national output

Sn lng quc dn thc t.

Thng d kinh t.
Thng d ngn sch mc nhn cng ton dng;
Thng d ngn sch khi c vic lm.
Thng d ngn sch.

Real prices and real income

Gi thc t v thu nhp thc t

Thng d ngi tiu dng.

Consumer surplus

Real wages

Tin lng thc t.

Receipt

S thu.

Receiver

Ngi tip nhn (ti sn).

Thang/h s/ t l/qui m qui i thu nhp tng ng Equivalent income scale

Recession
Recessionary gap
Reciprocal

Suy thoi.
H, khong trng suy thoi.
S nghch o.

Thanh khon quc t.

Thnh mi nhm bng nhau.
Thnh nm phn bng nhau.

Thang/h s/ t l/qui m qui i hng ho tiu dng

tng ng.
Thang/h s/ t l/qui m qui i mc sng tng
ng; Quy m tng ng.

Page 85

Full-employment budget surplus

Budget surplus

Equivalent commodity scale

Equivalance scale

International liquidity
Decile
Quintile

economic

Reciprocal demand

Cu qua li.

Thnh phn hu c ca vn.

Organic composition of capital

Recognition lag
Recontract
Recursive model
Recursive residuals
Redeemable loan stock
Redeemable securities
Redemption yield
Redistribution

Tr trong nhn thc.

Ti kh c.
M hnh ni phn.
S d ni phn.
C phn vay c th hon tr.
Chng khon c th hon tr.
Tng li tc o hn.
Ti phn phi.

Reduced form (RF)

Dng rt gn.

Redundancies
Redundancy payments
Re-export

Nhn vin tha.

Tr cp thi vic.
Hng ti xut.

Thnh qu.
Thanh ton chuyn nhng.
Thanh ton vi nc ngoi.
Thp phn v
Tht cht tin t.
Tht nghip n.
Tht nghip chu k.
Tht nghip c cu.
Tht nghip do ch chuyn ngh v do ch chuyn
ngh.
Tht nghip do chnh lch v tng trng.
Tht nghip do ch chuyn ngh
Tht nghip do ch vic.

Performance
Transfer payment
Foreign payments
Decile
Tight money
Hidden unemployment
Cyclical unemployment
Structural unemployment
Frictional and structural
unemployment
Growth-gap unemployment
Frictional unemployment
Wait umemployment

Regional development grant

Tr cp pht trin vng.

Tht nghip do cng ngh.

Technological unemployment

Regional economics

Kinh t hc khu vc.

Tht nghip do u c.

Regional emloyment premium

Tr cp tuyn dng lao ng khu vc.

Tht nghip do thiu cu.

Regional integration
Regional multiplier
Regional policy

Hi nhp khu vc.

S nhn khu vc.
Chnh sch khu vc.

Tht nghip do tm kim vic lm.

Tht nghip khng t nguyn.
Tht nghip m.

Speculative unemployment
Demand - deficient
unemployment
Search unemployment
Involuntary unemployment
Open unemployment

Regional wage differentials

Nhng chnh lch tin lng gia cc khu vc.

Tht nghip phng nga.

Precautionary unemployment

Regional wage structure

C cu tin lng theo khu vc.

Registered unemployed
Regressand
Regression
Regressive expectations
Regressive tax

Nhng ngi tht nghip c ng k.

Bin ph thuc (trong phn tch hi quy).
Hi quy.
K vng hi quy.
Thu lu thoi.

Tht nghip theo l thuyt c in v theo l thuyt

Keynes
Tht nghip thi v.
Tht nghip tr hnh.
Tht nghip t nguyn.
Tht nghip.
Tht thot / ht tin mt.

Classical and Keynesian

unemployment
Seasonal unemployment
Disguised unemployment
Voluntary unemployment
Unemployment
Cash drainage

Regressor

c tnh hi quy.

Thay i cng ngh qua R&D.

Technical change through R&D

Regret matrix

Ma trn hi tic.

Thay i k thut sn xut

Capital- reversing

Regulation

S iu tit.

Thay i thu quan ng lot.

Across-the-board tariff changes

Regulation Q

Quy ch Q.

Thay th nhp khu.

Import substitution

Page 86

economic

Regulatory capture

S lm quyn iu tit; "iu tit b tri".

Mortgage

T, li, tin thu.

Gradient tin thu.

Th chp.
Th lng gii ca ngi t; Th tin thoi lng nan
ca ngi t.
Th sc.
Theo u ngi.
Th hiu thin lch.
Th phn
Th trng cc chng khon mi pht hnh.
Th trng cc nh cung cp ti chnh; Th trng cng
ty ti chnh.
Th trng cnh tranh
Th trng chit khu.

Regulatory policy

Chnh sch iu tit.

Reintermediation
Relative deprivation
Relative income hypothesis
Relative price
Relativities

Ti ph trung gian.
Cm gic b tc ot.
Gi thuyt v thu nhp tng i.
Gi tng i.
Chnh lch lng trong mt ngh.

Renewable resource

Ti nguyn ti to c.

Rent
Rent gradient
Rent seeker

Ngi kim s c li.

Th trng chung Chu u.

European Commom Market

Rent seeking

S tm kim c li; S tm kim tin thu.

Th trng chng khon khng nim yt.

Unlisted Securities Market (USM)

Rental on capital
Rentiers
Replacement cost

Tin thu vn.

Ch cho thu ti sn; Ch cho thu vn.
Chi ph thay th.

Th trng chng khon.

Th trng chung.
Th trng c th cnh tranh c

Stock market
Common market
Constestable market

Replacement cost accounting

Hch ton chi ph thay th.

Th trng c th cnh tranh c.

Contestable market

Replacement investment
Replacement ratio
Representative firm
Repressed inflation

u t thay th.
T s thay th.
Hng i din.
Lm pht b kim ch.

Th trng ca chnh quyn a phng.

Th trng ca ngi mua.
Th trng nh trc; Th trng k hn.
Th trng n nht.

Local authorities' market

Buyers' market
Forward market
Single market

Required rate of return on capital Sut sinh li cn c ca vn.

Th trng giao ngay.

Spot market

Required real rate of return on

capital
Required reserve ratio
Required reserves
Resale price mainternance
Resale Prices Act 1964
Research and development
(R&D)

T l d tr bt buc.
D tr bt buc.
Vic duy tr gi bn l.
o lut nm 1964 v Gi bn l.

Th trng hi oi nh trc; Th trng hi oi k

hn.
Th trng khng hon ho.
Th trng khng ni giao dch.
Th trng k hn
Th trng lao ng bn ngoi.

Nghin cu v trin khai.

Th trng lao ng a phng.

Local labour market

Reservation wage

Mc lng bo lu; Mc lng k vng ti thiu.

Th trng lao ng ni vi.

"internal" labuor market

Reserve assets ratio

T l ti sn d tr.

Th trng lao ng.

Labour market

Sut sinh li thc t cn c ca vn.

Page 87

Prisoner's dilemma
Cheque card
Per capita
Lexicographic preferences
Market share
New issues market
Finance houses market
Competitive markets
Discount market

Forward exchange market

Imperfect market
Over the counter market
Futures market
External labour market

economic

Reserve base
Reserve currency
Reserve ratio
Residual
Resiliency
Resource
Restrictive Practices Court
Reswitching
Retail
Retail banking
Retail price index (RPI)
Retained earnings
Retention ratio
Retentions

C s d tr.
ng tin d tr.
T l d tr.
S d.
Tnh nhy bn.
Ngun lc; Ngun ti nguyn.
To n v cc hot ng hn ch.
Ti chuyn i.
Bn l.
Nghip v ngn hng bn l.
Ch s gi bn l.
Thu nhp c gi li.
T l gi li.
Cc khon gi li.

Th trng Lin ngn hng.

Th trng Ngoi hi.
Th trng nin kim.
Th trng s cp.
Th trng ti sn c hiu dng/ hiu qu.
Th trng th cp.
Th trng Tin qu lin Bang.
Th trng tin t Chu U.
Th trng tri phiu
Th trng vn
Th trng.
Thch ri ro.
Thin ch.
Thin hng nh thu cn bin.

Inter-Bank Market
Foreign exchange market
Annuity market
Primary market
Efficient asset market
Secondary market
Federal Fund Market
Eurocurrency market
Bond market
Capital market
Market
Risk-loving
Goodwill
Marginal propensity to tax

Return on capital employed

Li tc t vn c s dng.

Thin hng nhp khu cn bin.

Marginal propensity to import

Returns to scale

Li tc theo quy m.

Thin hng rt tin cn bin.

Marginal propensity to withdraw

Revaluation

S nng gi tr; s tng gi.

Thin hng tit kim cn bin.

Revealed preference

S thch c bc l.

Thin hng tiu dng cn bin.

Revenue
Revenue maximization
Reverse dumping

Doanh thu.
Ti a ho doanh thu.
Bn ph gi th trng nc ngoi.

Thin lch / nh kin chng xut khu.

Thin lch ng bin.
Thit b sn xut, thit b vn.

Reverse yield gap

Chnh lch nghch o ca li tc.

Thit hi / ph tn c nhn v x hi ca tht nghip.

Ricardian equivalence theorem

nh l Ricardo v tnh tng ng .

Tho dng Von Neumann-Morgenstern.

Von Neumann-Morgenstern utility

Rights issue

Pht hnh quyn mua c phiu.

Tho thun Chung v i vay.

General Agreement to Borrow

Right-to-work laws

Cc lut v quyn c lm vic.

Tho thun c nh gi.

Risk aversion

S s ri ro, khng thch ri ro.

Tho thun gia b ti chnh v Cc d tr lin bang.

Risk capital
Risk character
Risk premium
Risk-diversification

Vn ri ro.
Thi i vi ri ro.
Tin b cho ri ro, ph ri ro
Phn tn ri ro.

Tho thun x hi.

Thoi
Thi gian lm vic linh hot.
Thi gian tht nghip

Price fixing agreement

Treasury - Federal Reserve
Accord
Social Contract
Bullion
Flexitime
Duration of unemployment

Page 88

Marginal propensity to save

(MPS)
Marginal propensity to comsume
(MPC)
Anti-export bias
Positive bais
Capital equipment
Private and social cost of
unemployment

economic

Risk-loving
Risk-neutrality
Risk-pool
Risk-sharing
Risk-spreading

Thch ri ro.
Bng quan vi ri ro.
Chung ri ro; Gp chung ri ro.
Chia x ri ro.
Dn tri ri ro.

Thi k hon vn.

Thi k khng p dng chnh sch.
Thng k kim nh.
Thng k t.
Thng k.

Payback period
Policy - off
Test statistic
t-statistic
Statistic

Rival

Tnh hu tranh; Tnh cnh tranh (trong tiu dng).

Thng nht/ nht qun.

Consistent

Thng s sai lch.

Mis-specification

Thng s.
Thng tin

Parameter
Information

Robustness of an exchange rate

Tnh thit thc ca mt ch t gi hi oi.
regime
Roosa effect
Hiu ng Roosa.
Roots
Cc nghim, cn s.
Rostow model

M hnh Rostow

Thng tin bt i xng; Thng tin khng tng xng.

Asymmetric infornation

Roundaboutness

Phng php sn xut gin tip.

Thng tin hn ch.

Limited information (LI)

Royalties

Tin hoa hng (cn c vo kt qu lm vic c nhn).

Thng tin hon ho.

Perfect information

Royalty
RPI
Rule-of-thumb
Rybczcynski theorem
Sackings
Salary

Thu ti nguyn.
Ch s gi bn l.
Quy tc t t.
nh l Rybczcynski.
Con s sa thi.
Lng

Thng tin khng lin quan

Th lao tng.
Thu mua bng nghip v qun l.
Thu mua.
Thu nhp bt thng.
Thu nhp c nhn.

Extraneous information
Total remuneration
Management buyout
Takeover
Windfall gain
Personal income

Sales maximization hypothesis

Gi thuyt v ti a ho doanh thu.

Thu nhp chu thu.

Taxable income

Sales tax

Thu bn hng.

Thu nhp u t c min thu.

Franked investment income

Salvage
Sample
Sample space
Samuelson test

Gi tr thanh l.
Mu.
Khng gian mu.
Kim nh Samuelson.

Thu nhp do chuyn nhng.

Thu nhp c gi li.
Thu nhp gp; Tng thu nhp
Thu nhp hiu qu.

Transfer incomes
Retained earnings
Aggregate income
Efficiency earnings

Satiation

Bo ho.

Thu nhp hoc li nhun chu thu.

Assessable Income or profit

Satisficing behaviour

Hnh vi tho mn.

Take-Home pay

Savings

Tit kim.

Thu nhp kh chi.

Thu nhp kh dng; thu nhp kh tiu; Thu nhp kh
dng.

Savings and loan associations

Cc hip hi tit kim v cho vay.

Thu nhp kinh doanh.

Operating income

Page 89

Disposable income

economic

Savings function

Hm Tit kim.

Savings-investment approach to Phng php tit kim - u t i vi cn cn thanh

the balance of payments
ton.

Thu nhp k vng bnh qun; Thu nhp bnh qun d

kin.

Average expected income

Thu nhp phi lao ng.

Non-labor income
Unearned income
Transitory income

Scarce currency
Scarcity

ng tin him.
S khan him.

Scatter

Biu tn x.

Scatter diagram

th ri.

Thu nhp phi tin lng.

Thu nhp qu .
Thu nhp quc dn mc nhn cng ton dng; Thu
nhp quc dn khi c vic lm.
Thu nhp quc dn rng

Scenario analysis

Phn tch tnh hung.

THU NHP QUC DN thc t tnh theo u ngi.

Per capita real GDP

Schooling functions
Scientific tariff

Cc hm gio dc.
Thu khoa hc.

Thu nhp quc dn tim nng.

Thu nhp quc dn.

Potential national income

National income

Scitovsky paradox

Nghch l Scitovsky.

Thu nhp ti sn rng t nc ngoi.

Net property income from abroad

Scitovsky reversal criterion

Screening hypothesis
Scrip issue
SDR
Search costs
Search unemployment
Seasonal adjustment
Seasonal unemployment
Second order condition
Secondary banks

Tiu ch nghch o Scitovsky.

Gi thit sng lc.
C phiu pht hnh cho c ng hin hnh.
Quyn rt tin c bit.
Chi ph tm kim (vic lm).
Tht nghip do tm kim vic lm.
iu chnh thi v.
Tht nghip thi v.
iu kin o hm bc hai.
Cc ngn hng th cp.

Current income
Permanent income
Piece rates
Factor incomes
Earning
Letter of credit
Simplex alglorithm
Sales tax
Carbon tax
Expenditure tax

Secondary market

Th trng th cp.

Thu nhp thng xuyn.

Thu nhp thng xuyn.
Thu nhp tnh theo sn phm.
Thu nhp t yu t sn xut.
Thu nhp.
Th tn dng.
Thut ton n hnh.
Thu bn hng.
Thu Carbon
Thu chi tiu
Thu chng bo h gi; thu nh vo hng xut/ nhp
khu c tr gi.

Secondary worker

Cng nhn hng hai.

Thu chng lng vt; Thu chng tng lng

Excess wage tax

Second-best
Secular stagnation
Secular supply curve
Secular trend
Secured
Securities
Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC)

(Tnh trng) tt nh.

S nh tr v lu di.
ng cung lao ng trng k.
Xu hng lu di
Nhng khon vay c bo lnh.
Chng khon.

Thu chuyn giao vn

Thu chuyn li nhun v nc.
Thu cng ng.
Thu ca ci.
Thu c th.
Thu i hc

Capital transfer tax

Withholding tax
Community Charge
Weath tax
Specifix tax
Graduate tax

U ban chng khon.

Thu t.

Land tax

Page 90

Full-employment national income

Net national income

Counter - vailing duty

economic

Securities and Invesment Board

(SIB)
Securitization

Hi ng chng khon v u t.

Thu di sn (thu ti sn tha k).

Estate duty

Chng khon ho.

Thu a c.

Rates

Seignorage

Thu c tin, ph c tin.

Thu doanh nghip ng trc.

Advance Corporation Tax (ACT)

Self-financing
Self-liquidating
Self-liquidating advances
Self-regulating organzations
(SROs)
Semi log
Seniority practices
Sensitivity analysis
Sensitivity analysis
Separability of preferences
Separation of ownership from
control
Serial correlation
Service of debt
Services
Severance pay
Shadow economy
Shadow price
Shadow wage rate
Share
Share economy
Share price
Shareholder
Sharp gyration
Sherman Act
Shift effect hypothesis
Shift share analysis
Shirking model
Shock effect

T ti tr.
T thanh ton.
Cc khon ng trc t thanh ton.

Thu doanh nghip; Thu Cng ty.

Thu n v.
Thu c tin, ph c tin.

Corporation tax
Unit tax
Seignorage

Cc t chc t iu tit.

Thu Gi tr gia tng.

Value-added tax

Phng php bn Lgarit ho.

Phng php thm nin.
Phn tch nhy cm.
Phn tch nhy.
Tnh phn chia ca s a thch.

Thu gin thu.

Thu gp / khon.
Thu hng xa x.
Thu khoa hc.
Thu kim ngch.

Indirect taxes
Lump - sum tax
Luxury taxes
Scientific tariff
Turnover tax

S tch bit gia quyn s hu v quyn kim sot.

Thu li vn.

Capital gains tax

Tng quan chui.

Tr li sut n.
Cc dch v.
Bi thng mt vic.
Nn kinh t bng.
Gi bng
Mc tin cng bng.
C phiu.
Kinh t phn phi.
Gi c phiu.
C ng.
Chu k vng xoay r rt.
o lut Sherman.
Gi thuyt v hiu ng dch chuyn.
Phn tch cc phn gy dch chuyn.
M hnh v tnh li; M hnh v tnh ln trnh.
Hiu ng sc

Thu lm pht.
Thu lu thoi.
Thu lu tin.
Thu mua hng.
Thu nhp khu.
Thu nng nghip ca EC
Thu nng nghip.
Thu Pigou.
Thu qu tng.
Thu qu tng.
Thu quan mc c; Thu quan thng lng.
Thu quan nhp khu.
Thu quan ti u.
Thu quan.
Thu sut cn bin.
Thu ti nguyn.
Thu tem .

Inflation tax
Regressive tax
Progressive tax
Purchase tax
Import duty
EC Agricultural Livies
Agricultural livies
Pigovian tax
Accesions tax
Gifts tax
Bargaining tariff
Import tariff
Optimum tariff
Tariff
Marginal rate of tax
Royalty
Stamp duty

Shoe-leather cost of inflation

Chi ph giy da ca lm pht.

Thu thn

Capitation tax

Shop steward
Short run

i biu phn xng.

Ngn hn.

Thu thn.
Thu theo gi tr.

Poll tax
Advalorem tax

Page 91

economic

Short run adjustments

Short run aggregate suply
schedule
Short run average cost
Short run average fixed cost
(AFC)

Nhng iu chnh gi ngn hn.

Thu thu nhp m.

Negative income tax

Biu cung gp ngn hn.

Thu thu nhp du la.

Petroleum revenue tax (PRI)

Chi ph trung bnh ngn hn.

Thu tha k.

Inheritance tax

nh ph bnh qun ngn hn.

Thu tiu dng

Consumption tax

Short run consumption function

Hm tiu dng ngn hn.

Thu tiu th c bit.

Excise duty

Short run fixed cost (AFC)

nh ph ngn hn.

Thu tnh theo t l.

Proportional tax

Short run marginal cost (SMC)

Chi ph bin ngn hn.

Thu trc thu.

Direct taxes

Short run total cost (STC)

Tng ph ngn hn.

Thu vn

Captital tax

Short run variable costs (SVC)

Bin ph ngn hn.

Thuu san bng li sut.

Interest equalization tax

Short-dated securities
Short-time working

Cc chng khon ngn hn.

Lm vic t gi.

Thuc s m, thuc hm m.
Thuc tnh.

Exponential
Attribute

Shut down price

Gi ng ca, cui ngy (th trng chng khon).

Thng lng mang tnh quc gia.

National bargaining

SIC
Side payments
Sight deposits
Signaling and screening
Significance of coefficients
Simplex alglorithm
Simulation

Phn loi nghnh chun.

Cc khon tr thm.
Tin gi v k hn.
Pht tn hiu v sng lc.
Mc c thng k ca h s.
Thut ton n hnh.
S m phng.

Thng lng tp th.

Thng lng theo m hnh.
Thng lng theo nng sut.
Thng lng trong ton ngnh.
Thng mi (hay mu dch).
Thng mi a phng
Thng mi i lu.

Collective bargaining
Pattern bargaining
Productivity bargaining
Industry-wide bargaining
Trade
Multilateral trade
Countertrade

Simultaneous equation bias

lch do phng trnh ng thi.

Thng mi la di.

False trading

Simultaneous equations
Single European Atc (SEA)
Single market

Thng mi lng thp.

Thng mi quc t.
Thng mi trong ngnh.

Low wage trade

International trade
Intra-industrial trade

Thng phiu

Commercial paper

Singular matrix

Cc phng trnh ng thi.

o lut chu u.
Th trng n nht.
Cc s thch hi t; Nhng iu mun la chn c
chung.
Ma trn n.

Location quotient

Sinking fund

Qu d phng hon tr.

Thng s v tr.
Thuyt club; Thuyt cu lc b, thuyt hng ho bn
cng cng.

Situation utility possibility frontier ng gii hn kh nng tho dng tnh th.

Thuyt nh lng tin t hin i.

Modern quantity theory of money

Size distribution of firms

Thuyt Linder.

Linder thesis

Single-peaked preferences

Phn phi theo quy m v hng.

Page 92

Clubs, theory of

economic

Skewed distribution
Skill differentials
Slack plans
Slump
Slutsky equation
Snake
Snob effect
Social benefit
Social choice
Social Contract

Phn phi lch.

Cc chnh lch theo k nng lao ng.
Cc k hoch lng; Cc k hoch tr tr.
(Giai on) suy thoi; Khng hong kinh t.
Phng trnh Slutsky.
Con rn.
Hiu ng ua i.
Li ch x hi.
S la chn ca x hi.
Tho thun x hi.

Thuyt lng phn c in

Thuyt v cnh tranh vic lm.
T l tng trng t nhin.
Tch l vn.
Tch phn ho.
Tch tr gi tr.
Tch tr lao ng.
Tin bn ngoi.
Tin bn trong.
Tin b cng ngh.

Social cost

Ph tn x hi; Chi ph x hi.

Tin b k thut gia tng nh hng ca yu t.

Social cost of monopoly

Ph tn x hi do c quyn.

Tin b k thut lm tng sc lao ng.

Social decision rule

Nguyn tc quyt nh x hi.

Tin b k thut ngoi ti; Tin b k thut tch ri.

Disembodied technical progress

Social discount rate

T sut chit khu x hi.

Tin b k thut ni hm; Tin b hm cha k thut.

Embodied technical progress

Social economics

Kinh t hc x hi.

Tin b k thut trung tnh ca Harrod.

Social Fund
Social Marginal productivity
criterion

Qu x hi.

Tin b k thut.

Harrod Neutral Technical

Progress
Technical progress

Tiu chun nng sut x hi cn bin.

Tin b cho ri ro, ph ri ro

Risk premium

Social opportunity cost of capital Chi ph c hi x hi ca vn.

Tin cn; Chun t.

Near money

Social optimum

Ti u i vi x hi.

Tin cng cng bng.

Fair wages

Social relations of production

Cc quan h x hi ca sn xut.

Tin cng sng.

Subsistence wage

Social returns to education

Li tc x hi ca gio dc.

Tin cng hiu qu; tin lng hiu dng/ hiu qu.

Efficiency wages

Social time preference rate

Social welfare
Social welfare function
Socialism
Socially necessary labour
Soft currency
Soft loan
Sole trader

T sut s thch theo thi gian ca x hi.

Phc li x hi.
Hm phc li x hi.
Ch ngha x hi.
Lao ng cn thit cho x hi.
ng tin yu.
Vn vay u i.
Ngi bun bn c th.

Tin t.
Tin u c.
Tin d vay.
Tin v s thch.
Tin v s la chn.
Tin v tnh y .
Tin v tnh lin tc.
Tin v tnh li.

Dear money
Speculative balances
Easy money
Axiom of prefence
Axiom of
Axiom of completeness
Axiom of continuity
Axiom of convexity

Page 93

Classical dichotomy
Job competition theory
Natural rate of growth
Capital accumulation
Integration
Store of value
Labour hoarding
Outside money
Inside money
Technological progress
Factor augmenting technical
progress
Labour augmenting technical
progress

economic

Solvent (= creditworthy)
Spatial economics
Spatial monopoly
Spatial price discrimination

C tn nhim, c kh nng thanh ton n.

Kinh t hc khng gian.
c quyn nh khng gian; c quyn vng.
S phn bit gi c theo khu vc.

Tin v tnh thch nhiu hn thch t.

Tin ng bo him.
Tin da theo n.
Tin c c s mi

Axiom of dominance
Insurance premium
IOU money
Decimal coinage

Spearman's rank correlation

Tng quan v th bc Spearman

Tin c.

Coinage

Special Areas
Special deposits

Cc khu vc c bit.
Cc khon k qu c bit.

Tin c nh gi qu cao.
Tin giy

Overvalued currency
Currency notes

Special Development Areas

Cc Khu vc Pht trin c bit.

Tin giy.

Paper money

Special drawing rights (SDRs)

Quyn rt vn c bit.

Tin gc.

Principal

Specialization

Chuyn mn ho.

Tin gi c k hn.

Time deposit

Specialization, coefficient of

H s chuyn mn ho.

Tin gi c bit b sung

Supplementary special deposits

Specie
Specie flow mechanism
Specie points

Tin xu.
C ch chy vng.
Im chy vng.

Tin gi khng k hn.

Tin gi ngn hng.
Tin gi v k hn.

Demand deposits
Deposit money
Sight deposits

Specification error

Sai st k thut.

Tin hoa hng (cn c vo kt qu lm vic c nhn).

Royalties

Specifix tax
Specifix training
Spectral analysis
Speculation
Speculative balances
Speculative boom
Speculative bubbles

Thu c th.
o to c th.
PHn tch quang ph.
u c.
Tin u c.
S bng n do u c.
Cc bong bng do u c.

Tin khng c bo lnh.

Tin kim loi.
Tin k pht nhanh.
Tin li ng lot.
Tin li, li sut.
Tin lng hu.
Tin lng thc t.

Fiduciary issue
Debased coinage
Quick-disbursing fundss
Flat yield
Interest
Pension
Real wages

Speculative demand for money

Cu v tin do u c.

Tin lng ti thiu.

Minimum wage

ng c u c tin.

Tin mnh.

Hard currency

Tht nghip do u c.
Hiu ng lan to.
Gi thuyt v hiu ng lan to.
Th trng giao ngay.
Hiu ng lan trn.

Tin mnh.
Tin mt, tin t
Tin nghim.
Tin nhn ri.
Tin nhn ri.

High-powered money
Currency
Apriori
Idle balances
Inactive money

Bi ton hi quy gi.

Tin nng.

Hot money

Speculative motive for holding

money
Speculative unemployment
Spillover
Spillover hypothesis
Spot market
Spread effects
Spurious regression problem

Page 94

economic

St Petersburg paradox
St. Louis model
Stability
Stabilization
Stabilization function
Stabilization policy

Nghch l St Petersburg.
M hnh St. Louis.
S n nh.
S n nh ho.
Chc nng n nh ho.
Chnh sch n nh ho .

Tin php nh.

Tin qua m.
Tin quy c.
Tin quy c.
Tin r.
Tin s cp.

Fiat (or token) money

Overnight money
Full bodied money
Token money
Cheap money
Primary money

Stackelberg's duopoly model

M hnh lng c quyn ca Stackelberg.

Tin t da trn vt phm; Tin bng hng ho.

Commodity money

Stag

K ong hoa; Ngi bun bn chng khon ht ngn.

Tin theo lut nh

Fiat money

Stages of growth
Stagflation
Stamp duty
Standard commodity
Standard deviation
Standard deviation
Standard error
Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC)
Standard of living
Standard paradigm
Standard Regions
Standard weekly hours
Standard working week
Stand-by arrangement/
agreement

Cc giai on tng trng.

Suy thoi km lm pht.
Thu tem .
Hng ha tiu chun.
lch chun.
lch chun.
Sai s chun

Tin thu thu.

Tin thu gi.
Tin thu khng quy i.
Tin thu kinh t, t kinh t, c li kinh t.
Tin thu vn.
Tin tr cng bt thng.
Tin tr li theo nm

Tax yield
Quasi-rent
Imputed rent
Economic rent
Rental on capital
Anomaliess pay
Coupon payments

Phn loi Cng nghip theo Tiu chun.

Tin tr thm hay ph bo him.

Premium

Mc sng.
thc h/ m hnh/kiu mu tiu chun.
Cc khu vc chun.
S gi lm vic chun hng tun.
Tun lm vic chun.

Tin tri ni.

Tin ng trc.
Tin xu.
Tip im cn bng.
Tit kim bt buc.

Float
Advance
Specie
Tangency equilibrium
Forced saving

Hp ng d phng.

Tit kim c nhn.

Personal saving

State organization of production

in Eastern Europe

T chc sn xut quc doanh ng u.

Tit kim.

Savings

Static expectations
Stationarity

Cc k vng tnh.
Tnh cht tnh ti.

Tiu ch nghch o Scitovsky.

Tiu chun g chi; Tiu chun Condorcet

Scitovsky reversal criterion

Condorcet Criterion

Stationary point

im tnh ti.

Tiu chun gi tr ca tin.

Value, money, a standard of

Stationary state

Trng thi tnh ti.

Tiu chun lao ng.

Statistic

Thng k.

Tiu chun nng sut x hi cn bin.

Statistical cost analysis

Phn tch chi ph thng k.

Tiu chun quay vng vn

Labour standard
Social Marginal productivity
criterion
Capital turnover criterion

Page 95

economic

Statistical inference

S suy lun thng k.

Tiu chun v thng s ti u t cn bin theo u

ngi.

Marginal per capita reinvestment

quotient criterio

Statistical significance

ngha thng k.

Tiu dng ni sinh.

Steady-state growth

Tng trng mc n nh; Tng trng u n.

Tiu dng ph thuc / thay i.

Steady-state models
Step distribution
Stepwise regression
Stereotypes

Cc m hnh v tnh trng n nh.

Phn phi bc thang
Hi quy theo bc .
Cc nh kin.

Tiu dng qa .
Tiu dng t nh.
Tm kim vic lm.
Tn dng cha thanh ton.

Endogeneous consumption
Independent/ induced
consumption
Transitory consumption
Autonomous consumption
Job search
Outstanding credit

Sterilization

Ht tc ng, v hiu ho (bng chnh sch tin t).

Tn dng gia nh.

Family credit

Sterilization impact of capital

inflow
Sterling area
Stochastic
Stochastic process
Stochastic Variable

Tc ng v hiu ho thm ht cn cn thanh ton bi

dng vn chy vo.
Khu vc ng sterling .
Tnh ngu nhin thng k.
Qu trnh ngu nhin thng k.
Bin s ngu nhin.

Tn dng thng mi.

Trade credit

Tn dng tiu dng

Tn dng tr dn.
Tn dng trong nc (DCE).
Tn phiu b ti chnh.

Consumer credit
Instalment credit
Domestic credit expansion
Treasury bill

Stock

C phn, c phiu, dung lng vn, tr lng.

Tnh bc cu ca s thch.

Transitivity of preferences

Stock appreciation

S ln gi hng tn kho.

Tnh bt kh chia; Tnh khng th phn chia c.

Indivisibilities

Stock diviend

C tc bng c phn.

Tnh bt kh o; Tnh khng th o ngc c.

Irreversibility

Stock exchange
Stock market
Stock option
Stock-adjustment demand
function
Stockbroker
Stocks

S giao dch chng khon.

Th trng chng khon.
Quyn mua/ bn chng khon.

Tnh cht tnh ti.

Tnh cht trung lp ca tin.
Tinh chnh.

Stationarity
Neutrality of money
Fine turning

Hm cu iu chnh theo lng vn.

Tnh a cng tuyn.

Multicollitnearity

Nh mi gii chng khon.

D tr.

Tnh i din
Tnh d bin ng.

Proxy
Volatility

Stolper-Samuelson Theorem

nh l Stolper-Samuelson.

Tnh c nht.

Uniqueness

Store of value
Strategic entry barrier
Strategic entry deterrence

Tch tr gi tr.
Cn tr chin lc i vi nhp ngnh.
Ngn chn nhp ngnh c tnh chin lc.

Tnh duy l b hn ch.

Tnh duy l.
Tnh hai ln; Tnh lp

Strategic voting

B phiu chin lc.

Tnh hiu dng / hiu qu tt nht v tt nh.

Bounded rationality
Rationality
Double counting
Fist-best and second-best
efficiency

Page 96

economic

Strategy
Strike insurance
Strike measures

Chin lc.
Bo him nh cng.
Cc thc o v nh cng.

Tnh hiu dng v mt k thut.

Tnh hiu qu; Tnh hiu dng.
Tnh hung Metzler.

Technical efficiency
Efficiency
Metzler case

Strikes

Cc cuc nh cng.

Tnh hu tranh; Tnh cnh tranh (trong tiu dng).

Rival

Strongly exogenous

Nng v ngoi ngoi sinh.

Tnh khng ng nht.

Heterogeneity

Strongly stationary

Rt tnh ti.

Tnh khng th khu bit; tnh khng th ngn cn.

Non-excludability

Structural adjustment loans

Cc khon vay iu chnh c cu kinh t.

Tnh kinh t ca th ho.

Urbanization economies

Structural form

Dng c cu.

Tnh kinh t nh hc hnh; Li ch kinh t do hc tp

Economies of learning

Structural unemployment

Tht nghip c cu.

Tnh kinh t nh kt khi.

Agglomeration economies

Structure of interest rates

Biu khung li xut; C cu li sut.

Tnh kinh t nh qui m; Li th kinh t nh quy m.

Economies of scale

Structure of taxes
Structure-conduct-performance
framework

Biu khung thu; C cu thu.

Tnh kinh t nh vn hnh nhiu nh my.

Multiplant economies

M hnh c cu -thc thi -kt qu.

Tnh kinh t theo qung ng.

Long-haul economies

Subsidy

Tr cp.

Tnh kinh t tin t bn ngoi.

Pecuniary external economy

Subsistence
Subsistence agriculture
Subsistence crop
Subsistence expenditures
Subsistence wage
Subsistence wage
Substitute

Mc sng.
Nng nghip t cung cp t liu.
V ma t tiu.
Chi tiu cho mc sng.
Lng va sng.
Tin cng sng.
Hng thay th.

Tnh linh hot ca gi c v lng.

Tnh lun chuyn ca lao ng.
Tnh ngu nhin thng k.
Tnh nhn qa Granger.
Tnh nht qun.
Tnh nhy bn.
Tnh phn chia ca s a thch.

Wage and price flexibility

Mobility of labor
Stochastic
Granger causality
Consistency
Resiliency
Separability of preferences

Substitutes and complemnt

Hng thay th v hng b tr.

Tnh phi c nht.

Non-uniqueness

Substitution effect

Hiu ng thay th.

Tnh phi kinh t do quy m.

Diseconomies of scale

Substitution effect of wages

nh hng/Tc ng thay th ca tin cng.

Tnh phi kinh t do tng trng

Diseconomies of growth

Sum of squares
Sunk cost fallacy
Sunk costs

Tng cc bnh phng.

S hiu lm v chi ph chm.
Cc chi ph chm.

Tinh thn by n; Tm l ha theo

Tnh thanh ton, thanh tiu.
Tnh theo hip phng sai.

Animal spirits
Liquidity
Covariance stationary

Sunrise and sunset industries

Cc ngnh mi mc ln v cc ngnh sp ln (ht thi).

Tnh thch tranh u ca cng on.

Union pushfulness

Page 97

economic

Superconsistency

Siu nht qun.

Tnh thit thc ca mt ch t gi hi oi.

Super-environment
Superior goods
Super-neutrality
Supernormal profits
Super-normal profits

Siu mi trng.
Siu hng ho.
Siu trung lp.
Siu li nhun/ Li nhun siu ngch.
Li nhun siu ngch.

Tnh thun nht, tnh ng nht.

Tnh trng cng nghip mi.
Tnh trng khng tr c n.
Tnh trng suy thoi.
Tnh trng v chnh ph.

Robustness of an exchange rate

regime
Homogeneity
New industrial state
Insolvency
Depression
Anarchy

Supernumerary expenditure

Siu chi tiu.

Tnh cng nghip.

Industrial inertia

Supplementary benefit
Supplementary benefit

Tr cp b sung.
Tr cp b sung.

T chc cc nc A-rp xut khu du

T chc cc nc xut khu du m.

OAPEC
OPEC

Supplementary special deposits

Tin gi c bit b sung

T chc cng nghip

Industrial organization

Supply curve

ng cung.

T chc hp tc kinh t Chu u.

OEEC

Supply of effort

Cung n lc.

T chc hp tc kinh t chu u.

Organization for European

Economic Co-operation (OEEC)

Supply of inflation

Cung lm pht.

T chc hp tc pht trin quc t.

Supply of labour

Cung lao ng.

T chc hp tc v pht trin kinh t.

Supply-side economics

Kinh t hc trng cung.

T chc hp tc v pht trin kinh t.

Surplus unit

n v thng d.

T chc Lng thc v Nng nghip ca Lin hp

quc.

Surplus value

Gi tr thng d.

T chc pht trin cng nghip ca Lin hp quc.

Surrogate production function

Hm sn xut thay th.

T chc sn xut quc doanh ng u.

State organization of production

in Eastern Europe

Survivor technique
Sustainable development
Swap arrangements
Symmetric
Syndicate loan

K thut sng st.

Pht trin bn vng.
Cc tho thun hon i.
i xng
Cho vay lin hip.

T chc thng mi Quc t.

T hp tuyn tnh.
T hp.
T, li, tin thu.
To n v cc hot ng hn ch.

ITO
Linear combination
Combination
Rent
Restrictive Practices Court

System estimator

c lng h thng.

Tc lu thng ca thu nhp.

Income velocity of circulation

Page 98

International Development Cooperation Agency (ID)

OECD
Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD)
Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO)
United Nationns Industrial
Development Organization
(UNIDO)

economic

Taft-Hartley Act

B lut Taft-Hartley.

Tc lu thng giao dch.

Take-Home pay
Take-off
Takeover
Takeover and mergers
Takeover bid
Tangency equilibrium
Tangible assets
Tangible wealth
Tap issue
Targets
Tariff
Tariff factory
Tariff Structure
Taste
Tatonnement
Tax base
Tax burden
Tax credit
Tax credit scheme
Tax disincentive
Tax expenditure

Thu nhp kh chi.

Ct cnh .
Thu mua.
S mua t v hp nht .
Tr gi thu mua.
Tip im cn bng.
Ti sn hu hnh.
Ca ci hu hnh.
Bn l chng khon lin tc.
Mc tiu (nh lng).
Thu quan.
Nh my trnh thu quan.
Khung biu thu quan.
S thch, th hiu.
D dm.
C s thu.
Gnh nng thu.
Ghi c thu.
C ch ghi c thu.
S lm gim khuyn khch ca thu.
Chi tiu () trnh thu.

Tc lu thng.
Tc tng trng m bo.
Tc tng trng.
Ti a ho cc i.
Ti a ho cc tiu.
Ti a ho tho dng.
Ti a ho doanh thu.
Ti a ho li nhun chung.
Ti a ho li nhun.
Ti thiu ho chi ph.
Ti u
Ti u i vi x hi.
Ti u ho c rng buc
Tng cc bnh phng.
Tng chi ph bnh qun
Tng u t.
Tng li nhun
Tng li nhun thng mi.
Tng li tc o hn.
Tng ph ngn hn.
Tng ph; chi ph tng.

Transactions velocity of
circulation
Velocity of circulation
Warranted rate of growth
Growth rate
Maximax
Maximin
Utility maximization
Revenue maximization
Joint profit maximination
Profit maximization
Cost minimization
Optimal
Social optimum
Constrained optimization
Sum of squares
Average total cost
Gross investment
Gross profit
Gross trading profit
Redemption yield
Short run total cost (STC)
Total cost

Tax incident

Ai phi chu thu.

Tng sn lng cn bng.

Equilibrium aggregate output

Tax shifting
Tax wedge

Chuyn y thu.
Chnh lch gi do thu.

Tng sn phm quc dn.

Tng sn phm quc ni.

GNP
GDP

Tax yield

Tin thu thu.

Tng sn phm quc ni.

Gross domestic product (GDP)

Taxable income

Thu nhp chu thu.

Tng thu nhp quc dn.

Taxation

S nh thu.

Tng t bn c nh trong nc.

Tax-base incomes Policy

Tax-push inflation

Chnh sch thu nhp da vo thu.

Lm pht do thu y.

Tng t l hng i hng.

T-rt u t.

Gross national income

Gross domestic fixed capital
formation
Gross barter terms of trade
Investment trust

Technical change through R&D

Thay i cng ngh qua R&D.

T-rt.

Trust

Technical efficiency
Technical knowlwdge

Tnh hiu dng v mt k thut.

Tri thc, kin thc, k thut

Tr bng hin vt.

Tr gi thu mua.

Pay in kind
Takeover bid

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economic

Technical progress
Technological dualism

Tin b k thut.
M hnh nh nguyn v cng ngh.

Tr li sut n.
Tr lng ngang nhau; tr lng bnh ng.

Service of debt
Equal pay

Technological external effects

Ngoi ng ca cng ngh.

Tr theo kt qa.

Payment - by - results

Technological progress

Tin b cng ngh.

Trch nhim hu hn.

Limited liability

Technological unemployment

Tht nghip do cng ngh.

Tri khon

Bond

Technology
Technology matrix
Technology transfer
Technology, choice of
Technostructure
Temporary layoffs
Term loan

Cng ngh.
Ma trn cngngh.
Chuyn giao cng ngh.
S la chn cng ngh.
Cu trc cng ngh.
Sa thi tm thi.
Khon vay k hn.

Tri khon chuyn i c.

Tri khon cng ty.
Tri khon khng ghi tn.
Tri phiu chnh ph c gi tr cao.
Tri phiu li sut cao.
Tri phiu tit kim c thng.
Trn tn dng.

Convertible bond
Debentures
Bearer bonds
Gild-edged bonds
Junk bonds
Premium saving bonds
Credit celing

Term structure of interest rates

C cu k hn ca li xut.

Trng thi bt cn; Trng thi khng cn bng

Disequilibrium

Terms of trade
Test discount rate
Test statistic

T gi thng mi.
Li xut chit khu kim nh.
Thng k kim nh.

Trng thi tnh ti.

Trng thi ti u trong ti u.
Trng thi ti u.

Stationary state
Optimum of optimorum
Optimum

Testing an economic model

Kim nghim mt m hnh thc t.

Tranh ci v yu t vn.

Capital Controversy

The Corset
Threat effect
Threat of pay off
Three stage least squares

K hoch Corset.
Tc ng e do.
Li ch e do.
Bnh phng nh nht ca ba giai on.

Tranh chp lao ng

Trao i
Trao i phiu bu.
Trao i tnh cht ring; trao i t cht.

Threshold

Ngng.

Trt t kinh t quc t mi.

Threshold analys
Threshold effect
Threshold of a good
Tight money
Time deposit
Time preference
Time series
Time series data

Phn tch ngng.

Tc ng ngng.
Ngng ca mt hng ho.
Tht cht tin t.
Tin gi c k hn.
S thch theo thi gian.
Chui s/d liu theo thi gian.
Dy s liu theo thi gian.

Tr hu t; Tr hp l.
Tr trong nhn thc.
Tri thc, kin thc, k thut
Trit l nhu cu c bn.
Tr cp bng hin vt.
Tr cp b sung.
Tr cp b sung.
Tr cp c gi

Industrial dispute
Exchange
Vote trading
Idiosyncratic exchange
New international economic
order
Rational lags
Recognition lag
Technical knowlwdge
Basic need philosophy
Transfer in kind
Supplementary benefit
Supplementary benefit
Block grant

Time varying parameter models

Cc m hnh bin s thay i theo thi gian.

Tr cp cho

Cross-subsidization

Time, allocation of

Phn b thi gian.

Tr cp chn lc.

Categorical

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economic

Todaro model
Token money
Tokyo Round
Total cost
Total remuneration
Total Revenue

M hnh Todaro.
Tin quy c.
Vng m phn Tokyo.
Tng ph; chi ph tng.
Th lao tng.
Doanh thu tng.

Tr cp chung.
Tr cp c bn.
Tr cp u t.
Tr cp di dng vin tr.
Tr cp lm pht.
Tr cp nng mc thu.

General grant
Foundation grant
Investment grants
Grant in aid
Inflation subsidy
Rate support grant

Tow-path tariffs

(h thng) gi hai phn.

Tr cp pht trin vng.

Regional development grant

Tradable
Trade
Trade balance
Trade bill

Kh thng.
Thng mi (hay mu dch).
Cn cn thng mi.
Hi phiu thng mi.

Tr cp tht nghip.
Tr cp theo mc trung bnh.
Tr cp thi vic.
Tr cp tr em.

Unemployment benefit
Means tested benefits
Redundancy payments
Child allowance

Trade creation

S to lp thng mi.

Tr cp tuyn dng lao ng khu vc.

Regional emloyment premium

Trade credit
Trade cycle
Trade unions

Tn dng thng mi.

Chu k thng mi.
Cng on.

Tr cp vic lm.
Tr cp.
Tr cp.

Employment subsidies
Grant
Subsidy

Traded and non-traded (goods)

Hng ngoi thng v phi ngoi thng.

Tr gi.

Price support

Trade-off
Traditional sectors
Transaction
Transaction motives
Transactions approach
Transactions balances
Transactions costs

S nh i.
Cc khu vc truyn thng.
Giao dch / thng v.
Nhng ng c giao dch.
Phng php giao dch.
Cc s d giao dch.
Cc chi ph giao dch.

Tr gip song phng.

Tr ngi
Trn vic, s ngh lm khng c l do
Trng s phn phi
Trng ti
Trng ti con lc.
Tr cng on ph trc tip.

Bilateral assistance
Disincentive
Absenteeism
Distributional wage
Arbitration
Pendulum arbitration
Check off

Trung bnh

Mean

ng c gi tin giao dch.

Trung bnh ng.

Moving average

Tc lu thng giao dch.

Trung bnh gia quyn.

Weighted mean

Hm sn xut tru tng dng logarit

Trung bnh s hc.

Arithmetic mean

Hm sn xut tru tng.

Trung gian ti chnh.

Financial intermediary

Chi ph vn chuyn.

Trung ho cc lung tin t.

Neutralizing monetary flows

Transactions demand for money Cu v tin giao dch.

Transactions motive for holding
money
Transactions velocity of
circulation
Transcendental logarithMIC
production function
Transcendental production
function
Transfer costs

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economic

Transfer deed
Transfer earnings
Transfer in kind
Transfer incomes
Transfer of technology
Transfer payment
Transfer pricing
Transfer problem
Transferable rouble
Transformation function

Chc b chuyn giao.

Thng d kinh t.
Tr cp bng hin vt.
Thu nhp do chuyn nhng.
Chuyn giao cng ngh.
Thanh ton chuyn nhng.
nh gi chuyn nhng.
Vn chuyn nhng.
Rp chuyn i c.
Hm chuyn i.

Industrial action
Median
New-orthodoxy
Classical school
Cardinalism
Lausanne School
Historical school
Banking school
Neo-orthodoxy
Curency school

Tnh bc cu ca s thch.
Tiu dng qa .
Thu nhp qu .

Trng pht lao ng.

Trung v.
Trng phi chnh thng mi.
Trng phi c in
Trng phi im ho; trng phi chia .
Trng phi Lausanne.
Trng phi lch s.
Trng phi ngn hng
Trng phi tn chnh thng.
Trng phi tin t
Trng phi tun tin; Ch ngha tun tin; thuyt tun
tin.
T bn bt bin.
T bn ho, vn ha
T cung t cp.

Transformation problem

Bi ton chuyn i.

Transitivity of preferences
Transitory consumption
Transitory income
Translog production function

Hm sn xut chuyn dng l-ga-rt.

T do nhp ngnh.

Freedom of entry

Transmission mechanism

C ch lan chuyn.

T hi quy vc t.

Vector autoregression (VAR)

Trans-shipment points

Cc im chuyn i phng tin vn chuyn.

T hi quy.

Autoregression

Treasury

B ti chnh, ngn kh.

T liu sn xut nhn ri.

Excess productive capacity (Idle

Excess goods)

Tho thun gia b ti chnh v Cc d tr lin bang.

T liu sn xut, hng t liu sn xut.

Capital goods

Tn phiu b ti chnh.

T nhn ho

Privatization

Treasury Deposit Receipt (TDR)

Bin nhn tin gi B ti chnh.

T phn v.

Quartile

Treasury note
Treasury US department of
Treasury view
Treasury, the
Treaty of Rome
Trend
Trend output path

ng tin ca b ti chnh.
B ti chnh M.
Quan im ca b ti chnh.
B ti chnh Anh.
Hip c Rome.
Xu hng.
ng biu th xu th sn lng.

t sau; sau
T ti tr.
T thanh ton.
T trc; D tnh; d nh
T vit tt ca h thng d tr lin bang.
Tun lm vic chun.
Tun l bo m.

Ex post
Self-financing
Self-liquidating
Ex ante
Fed., the
Standard working week
Guaranteed week

Trend stationary process (TSP)

Qu trnh tnh ti ca xu hng.

Tung .

Ordinate

Triangular distribution

Phn phi tam gic

Tc ot ti sn.

Asset stripping

Treasury - Federal Reserve

Accord
Treasury bill

Page 102

Gradualism
Constant capital
Capitalization
Autarky

economic

Trigonometric functions

Cc hm lng gic.

Tng quan bc.

Rank correlation

Truncated earnings function

Hm thu nhp rt gn.

Tng quan chui.

Serial correlation

Trust
t-statistic
Turning point
Turnover

T-rt.
Thng k t.
im ngot
Doanh thu, kim ngch.

Tng quan ca li tc.

Tng quan ng bin.
Tng quan nghch bin.
Tng quan nghch bin.

Correlation of returns
Positive correlation
Inverse relation
Nagative correlation

Turnover tax

Thu kim ngch.

Tng quan v th bc Spearman

Spearman's rank correlation

Turnpike theorems
Twelve-month rule

Cc nh l cng ngn.
Quy tc mi hai thng.

Tuyn dng (hay thu mi).

Tuyn tnh lgarit

Engagements
Log-linear

Two sector growth model

M hnh tng trng hai khu vc.

T gi hi oi c nh / th ni.

Fixed / floating exchange rates

Bnh phng nh nht hai giai on

T gi hi oi c nh.

Fixed exchange rate

Hp ng bn km.

T gi hi oi danh ngha v thc t.

Nominal and exchange rate

Type I/ type II

Sai s loi I / loi II.

T gi hi oi nh trc; t gi hi oi k hn.

Forward rate

U-form enterprise
Unanimity rule

Doanh nghip dng ch U.

Quy tc nht tr hon ton.

T gi hi oi hiu dng
T gi hi oi linh hot.

Effective exchange rate

Flexible exchange rate

Unbalanced economic growth

S tng trng kinh t khng cn i.

T gi hi oi neo ng.

Dynamic peg

Unbiased estimator
Uncalled capital
Uncertainty
Unconvered interest parity

c lng khng chch.

Vn cha huy ng.
S khng chc chn.
Li sut ngang bng cha tnh.

Floating exchange rate

Free exchange rates
Par rate of exchange
Exchange rate

Unconvertible loan stock

C phn khng th chuyn i c

T gi hi oi th ni.
T gi hi oi t do
T gi hi oi tng ng.
T gi hi oi.
T gi ngoi thng c tnh n gi ca cc yu t sn
xut ca c hai bn.
T gi thng mi theo thu nhp

Income terms of trade

T gi thng mi.
T gi trao i hng ho; T gi hng ho.
T gi trao i rng.
T l bo h hu dng; Thu bo h hu hiu.
T l bin t gia vn v sn lng.
T l cc yu t sn xut.

Terms of trade
Commodity terms of trade
Net barter terms of trade
Effective rate of protection
ICOR
Factor proportion

T l chnh lch gi ca th trng song hnh.

Parallel market premium rate

Two stage leatst squares (TSLS

hoc 2 SLS)
Tying contract

Undated securities
Underdeveloped countries
Underdevelopment
Underemployed workers
Underemployment
Underidentification

Din n ca Lin hip quc v thng mi v Pht

trin.
Chng khon khng ghi ngy.
Cc nc chm pht trin.
S chm pht trin.
Cc cng nhn phim dng.
S phim dng.
S cha nhn dng.

Undervalue currency

ng tin nh gi thp.

UNCTAD

Page 103

Double factorial terms of trade

economic

Underwriter
Undistributed profits
Unearned income
Unemployment

Ngi bo him.
Li nhun khng chia.
Thu nhp phi tin lng.
Tht nghip.

T l chnh lch gi trn th trng ch en.

T l chnh lch gi.
T l chit khu; sut chit khu
T l ch lm vic cn trng.

Black market premium rate

Market premium rate
Discount rate
Vacancy rate

Unemployment benefit

Tr cp tht nghip.

T l chuyn i cn bin.

Marginal rate of transformation

Unemployment equilibrium

Cn bng tht nghip.

T l c nh trong sn xut.

Fixed proportions in production

Unemployment rate
Unequal exchange
Unexpected inflation
Unianticipated inflation
UNIDO guidelines
Unintended inventory
disinvestment

T l tht nghip.
S trao i khng ngang bng.
Lm pht bt thng..
Lm pht khng c lng trc.
Cc hng dn ca UNIDO.

T l doanh s-qung co.

T l d tr bt buc.
T l d tr.
T l gi / Li tc (t l P/E)
T l gia tng lao ng.

Advertising - sale ratio

Required reserve ratio
Reserve ratio
Price/earning ratio
Accesion rate

Gim u t vo tn kho khng d kin.

T l gi li.

Retention ratio

Unintended inventory investment u t vo tn kho ngoi d kin.

T l khu hao.

Depreciation rate

Union density
Union distribution
Union market power
Union pushfulness
Union shop

T l lm pht cn bng.
T l lm pht.
T l lao ng.
T l li nhun.
T l st gim li nhun.

Equilibrium rate of inflation

Inflation rate
Activity rate
Profit rate
Profit, falling rate of

T l ti sn d chuyn hon.

Quick assets ratio

Uniqueness
Unit of account
Unit root tests
Unit tax

T l tham gia cng on.

Phn phi u.
Sc mnh ca cng on i vi th trng.
Tnh thch tranh u ca cng on.
"quy tri buc"
Chnh lch tin lng gia cng nhn tham gia v
khng tham gia cng on.
Tnh c nht.
n v k ton.
Kim nh n v.
Thu n v.

T l ti sn d hon chuyn.
T l ti sn d tr.
T l tp trung.
T l tham gia cng on.

Liquid assets ratio

Reserve assets ratio
Concentration ratio
Union density

Unit Trust

c quyn n v.

T l tham gia Lc lng lao ng.

Labour force participation rate

United Nationns Development

Programme (UNDP)

Chng trnh pht trin ca Lin hp quc.

T l tham gia.

Paricipation rate

T chc pht trin cng nghip ca Lin hp quc.

T l tht nghip m bo.

Warranted unemployment rate

Qu pht trin vn ca Lin hp quc.

T l tht nghip khng lm tng lm pht.

Non-accelerating inflation rate of

unemployment

Union/non-union differential

United Nationns Industrial

Development Organization
(UNIDO)
United Nations Capital
Development Fund

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economic

United Nations Conference on

Trade and Development
(UNCTAD)

Hi ngh Lin hip quc v Thng mi v Pht trin.

T l tht nghip thng thng.

Normal unemployment

Unlisted Securities Market (USM) Th trng chng khon khng nim yt.

T l tht nghip t nhin mc nhn cng ton dng;

T l tht nghip t nhin khi c vic lm.

Full-employment unemployment
rate

Unsecured loan stock

C phn vay khng bo lnh.

T l tht nghip t nhin.

Natural rate of unemployment

Unvalidated inflation

Lm pht khng cho php.

T l tht nghip.

Unemployment rate

Unvoluntary unemployment

T l, s tht nghip bt buc.

T l thay th c nhn.

Personal rate of substitution

Urban economics

Kinh t hc th.

T l thay th cn bin.

Urbanization economies
Uruguay Round

Tnh kinh t ca th ho.

Vng m phn Uruguay.

T l thay th hng ho.

T l thu.

Marginal rate of substitution

(MRS)
Rate of commodity
Hiring rate

Use value and exchange value

Gi tr s dng v gi tr trao i.

T l tr c tc.

Payout ratio

User cost of capital

U-shaped cost curves
Utilitarianism
Utility
Utility function

Chi ph s dng vn.

Cc ng chi ph hnh ch U.
Ch ngha v li.
tho dng.
Hm tho dng.

Rate of time preference

Capitalization rates
Unvoluntary unemployment
Operating gearing
Budget shares

Utility maximization

Ti a ho tho dng.

Vacancies
Vacancy rate
Validated inflation

Ch lm vic cn trng.
T l ch lm vic cn trng.
Lm pht cho php.

T l u tin thi gian.

T l vn ho
T l, s tht nghip bt buc.
T phn chi ph nghip v c nh.
T phn ngn sch.
T phn vn vay; n by v ti chnh; T l vn vay so
vi tng vn.
T s n khp
T s chi ph-li ch.
T s nh gi.

Valuation curve

ng nh gi.

T s gia tin mt v s tin gi ca khu vc t nhn.

Private sector cash-deposite ratio

Valuation ratio
Value added
Value judgement

T s nh gi.
Gi tr gia tng.
nh gi ch quan.

T s gia tin mt v tin gi ca ngn hng.

T s n gia vn vay v vn c phn
T s ti chnh.

Banks' cash-deposit ratio

Debt ratio
Financial ratios

Value marginal physical product

Sn phm vt cht gi tr bin.

T s ti sn d tr.

Eligible asset ratio

Value, money, a standard of

Tiu chun gi tr ca tin.

T s thay th.

Replacement ratio

Value, theory of
Value-added tax

L thuyt v gi tr.
Thu Gi tr gia tng.

T s thu nhp / doanh thu.

T s tin cng- tin thu vn.

Income-sales ratio
Wage-rental ratio

Page 105

Leverage
Gearing ratio
Benefit-cost ratio
Valuation ratio

economic

Variability
Variable
Variable capital
Variable cost

bin thin.
Bin s.
Vn (t bn) kh bin.
Cc chi ph kh bin.

T s tr c tc
T s v kh nng hon chuyn
T s vn lu ng.
T s Von Neumann.

Dividend payout ratio

Liquidity ratio
Working capital ratio
Von Neumann ratio

Variable elasticity of substitution

production function

(VES production function) - co gin kh bin ca hm

sn xut thay th.

T s vn/ lao ng

Capital-labour ratio

Variable factor

Cc yu t sn xut thay i.

T s vn/ sn lng tng thm (ICOR).

Incremental capital-output ratio

Variable labour costs

Variable parameter models
Variance
Variance-covariance matrix
Variation
Veblen effect

Cc chi ph lao ng kh bin.

Cc m hnh thng s kh bin.
Phng sai
Ma trn phng sai - hip phng sai.
Bin ng.
Hiu ng Veblen.

Vector autoregression (VAR)

T hi quy vc t.

Vehicle currency
Veil of ignorance
Veil of money
Velocity of circulation

ng tin phng tin.

Mng che ngu dt.
Mng che tin.
Tc lu thng.

T s vn-sn lng
T sut chit khu x hi.
T sut li nhun kinh t.
T sut li tc cng bng.
T sut li tc.
T sut s thch theo thi gian ca x hi.
T sut thay th k thut cn bin; th sut k thut cn
bin.
T sut tin mt.
T trng ca lao ng.
T trng vn vay
c lng im.

Capital-output ratio
Social discount rate
Economic rate of return
Fair rate of return
Rate of return
Social time preference rate
Marginal rate of technical
substitution
Cash ratio
Labour's share
Capital gearing
Point estimation

Velocity of money

Vng quay ca tin, tc lu chuyn ca tin.

c lng h thng.

System estimator

Venture capital

Vn mo him.

c lng kh nng cc i khi c thng tin.

Vertical equity
Vertical integration
Vertical merger
Vertical Phillips curve
VES production function
Viability
Vicious circles

Cng bng theo chiu dc.

Lin kt dc.
Sp nhp chiu dc.
ng Phillips thng ng.
co gin kh bin hm sn xut thay th.
Kh nng thnh tu, tnh kh thi.
Cc vng lun qun.

c lng khong.
c lng khng chch.
c lng s Aitken.
c lng tuyn tnh.
c tnh hi quy.
u i ti nguyn
u tin chi tiu.

Victim company

Cng ty nn nhn.

U ban chng khon.

Vintage growth models

M hnh tng trng theo thi gian.

U ban C hi vic lm bnh ng/ngang bng.

Virtuous circles
Visibility hypothesis

Vng thot.
Gi thuyt v tnh minh bch.

U ban iu tra chi tiu cng cng.

U ban Halesbury.

Page 106

Full information maximum

likehood (FIML)
Interval estimation
Unbiased estimator
Aitken estimator
Linear estimator
Regressor
Depletion allowance
Expense preference
Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC)
Equal Employment Opportunity
Commision
PESC
Halesbury Committee

economic

Visible balance

Cn cn hu hnh.

U ban hp tc Hi quan.

Custom Co-operative Council

Volatility
Voluntary export restraint

Tnh d bin ng.

Hn ch xut khu t nguyn.

U ban k hoch (Lin X).

U ban Macmillan.

Voluntary unemployment

Tht nghip t nguyn.

U ban Pht trin kinh t.

Voluntary-exchange model

M hnh trao i t nguyn.

U ban Radcliffe.

Gosplan
Macmillan Committee
Economic development
Committee
Radcliffe Committee

Von Neumann ratio

T s Von Neumann.

U ban Th trng m Lin bang.

Federal Open Market Committee

Von Neumann-Morgenstern utility Tho dng Von Neumann-Morgenstern.

U ban vt gi.

Price Commission

Vote maximizer
Vote trading

U ban Wilson.
Vn ch s.

Wilson Committee
Index number problem

Vn chuyn nhng.

Transfer problem
Adding up problem
Confidence problem
Free-rider problem

Voucher schemes
Wage and price flexibility
Wage boards

Ngi mun ti a ho phiu bu.

Trao i phiu bu.
Cc c phiu c quyn b phiu v khng c quyn b
phiu.
Cc chng trnh theo phiu.
Tnh linh hot ca gi c v lng.
Ban iu hnh tin cng.

Wage competition model

M hnh cnh tranh bng tin cng

Wage contour
Wage contracts
Wage differentials
Wage discrimination

Vng tin cng.

Hp ng tin cng
Chnh lc tin cng
Phn bit i x tin cng.

Vn cng tng.
Vn lng tin.
Vn ngi "xi cha".
Vn u thc v nhm thc; Vn ngi c vn v
ngi i din.
Vn v php gp.
Vn phng
Vn phng Lao ng Quc t.
Vn phng Lao ng quc t.

Wage drift

Mc trt tin cng.

Vn phng qun l v ngn sch.

Wage fund
Wage inflation
Wage leadership
Wage rates
Wage restraint
Wage round
Wage theory
Wage-price spiral
Wage-push inflation

Qu lng.
Lm pht tin cng.
Xc nh tin cng theo mc tham kho.
Cc mc tin cng.
Hn ch tin cng.
Vng quay tin cng.
L thuyt tin cng.
Vng xoy tin cng-gi
Lm pht do tin cng y.

Vn phng thng mi cng bng.

Vn phng thng mi cng bng.
Vt phm; Hng ho
Vt th chp.
Vay qu mc.
Vi phn bc I.
Vic duy tr gi bn l.
Vic lm kp.
Vic lm khon.

Wage-rental ratio

T s tin cng- tin thu vn.

Vin Nghin cu Quc gia v Kinh t v X hi.

Voting and non-voting shares

Page 107

Principal-agent problem
Aggregation problem
Bureaux
Ilo
International Labuor Office
Office of Management and
Budget (OMB)
Fair trading, Office of
Office of Fair Trading
Commodity
Collateral security
Overfunding
First difference
Resale price mainternance
Job dublication
Piecework
National Institute for Economic
and Social Research

economic

Wages Councils

Cc hi ng tin cng.

Vin Pht trin kinh t.

Economic development Institute

Wages freeze
Wages fund doctrine
Wages structure
Wage-wage sprial
Wagner's law
Wait umemployment
Want creation
Warrant
Warranted rate of growth

Hn mc tin cng.
Hc thuyt qu lng.
Cu trc tin cng
Vng xoy tin cng-tin cng.
nh lut Wagner
Tht nghip do ch vic.
To ra mong mun tiu dng.
S m bo.
Tc tng trng m bo.

Vin tr
Vin tr a phng
Vin tr nc ngoi.
Vn "mm do".
Vn (t bn) kh bin.
Vn cha huy ng.
Vn c phn
Vn c phn.
Vn c huy ng

Aid
Multilateral aid
Foreign aid
"jelly" capital
Variable capital
Uncalled capital
Equity capital
Equity
Paid-up capital

Warranted unemployment rate

T l tht nghip m bo.

Vn di hn.

Long term capital

Waste

Cht thi.

Vn hin vt v vn ti chnh.

Physical and financial capital

Ways and means advandces

Tm ng.

Vn khng ng nht.

Heterogeneous capital

Weakly stationary
Wear and tear
Weath
Weath effect

Khng chuyn ng hng tun.

Khu hao.
Ca ci.
Hiu ng ca ci.

Vn lun chuyn.
Vn lu ng.
Vn lu ng.
Vn mo him.

Floating capital
Circulating capital
Working capital
Venture capital

Weath tax

Thu ca ci.

Vn nhn lc c th i vi hng.

Firm-specific human capital

Weberian location theory

L thuyt Weber v v tr .

Weighted average
Weighted least squares
Weighted mean
Welfare economics
Welfare function
Welfare state
Well-behaved
Wharton model

Bnh qun gia quyn.

Bnh phng gia quyn nh nht.
Trung bnh gia quyn.
Kinh t hc phc li.
Hm phc li.
Nh nc phc li.
C hnh vi tt.
M hnh Wharton.

Vn nhn lc mang c im chung; vn nhn lc

chung chung.
Vn nhn lc.
Vn pht hnh.
Vn ri ro.
Vn ti chnh.
Vn uyn chuyn
Vn vay u i.
Vn vay.
Vn v hnh.

Whipsawing

Ca ko.

Vn, hiu qu bin ca

Capital, marginal efficiency of

White noise
White plan
White-collar worker

Nhiu trng.
K hoch White.
Cng nhn c trng, bn giy.

Vng m phn Annecy.

Vng m phn Geneva.
Vng m phn Tokyo.

Annecy Round
Geneva Round
Tokyo Round

Page 108

General human capital

Human capital
Issued capital
Risk capital
Financial Capital
Malleable capital
Soft loan
Loan capital
Intangible capital

economic

Wholesale

Bun bn, bn s.

Vng m phn Uruguay.

Uruguay Round

Wholesale banking

Dch v ngn hng bn bun.

Vng quay ca tin, tc lu chuyn ca tin.

Velocity of money

Wicksell effects
Wildcat strike
Willingness to pay
Wilson Committee
Windfall gain
Windfall loss
Winding up
Window dressing
Withdrawals
Withholding tax
Work in progress
Work sharing
Work to rule
Workable competition
Workers' co-operative
Workers' partipation
Working capital
Working capital ratio
Working population
Work-leisure model
World Bank
Writing-down allowance
Yeild
Yeild gap
Yeild gap on securities
Yield on external debt
Yield on investment
Z variable
Zero growth proposal
Zero-rate goods
Z-score

Cc hiu ng ca Wicksell.
Bi cng "khng chnh thc"
Mc sn sng tr.
U ban Wilson.
Thu nhp bt thng.
L bt thng.
S pht mi.
S "lm p" bo co ti chnh.
Cc con s tn rt.
Thu chuyn li nhun v nc.
Sn phm ang gia cng.
Chia s cng vic.
Lm vic theo quy nh.
Cnh tranh c th th thc hin c.
Hp tc x ca cng nhn.
S tham gia ca ngi lao ng.
Vn lu ng.
T s vn lu ng.
Lc lng lao ng.
M hnh lao ng - ngh ngi.
Ngn hng th gii.
Khu hao, s xung gi.
Li tc.
Chnh lch li tc.
Chnh lch li tc chng khon.
Li trn n nc ngoi.
Li nhun t u t.
Bin s Z.
xut tng trng bng khng.
Cc hng ho c mc thu bng 0.
Gi tr ca Z.

Vng quay tin cng.

Vng thot.
Vng tin cng.
Vng xoy c ca lm pht.
Vng xoy tin cng-gi
Vng xoy tin cng-tin cng.
V o ln ln.
V ma t tiu.
Vng cn pht trin.
X hi thnh t.
Xc nh thu nhp.
Xc nh tin cng theo mc tham kho.
Xc sut
Xc sut c iu kin.
Xc sut c iu kin.
Xc sut tch lu.
Xc sut tch lu.
Xp hng cc d n.
Xp th t.
Xo tnh cht thi v.
Xu hng hng tm; Hng tm.
Xu hng lu di
Xu hng.
Xut bin?
Xut khu rng.
Xut khu, hng xut khu.
ngha thng k.
thc h/ m hnh/kiu mu tiu chun.
Yu cu tht cht.
Yu cu v mc chnh lch.
Yu t ngoi sinh.

Wage round
Virtuous circles
Wage contour
Inflationary spiral
Wage-price spiral
Wage-wage sprial
Big bang
Subsistence crop
Development area
Achieving Society, the.
Income determination
Wage leadership
Probability
Conditional Probability
Conditional probality
Cumulative Probability
Cumulative probality
Ranking of projects
Ordering
Deseasonalization
Central tendency
Secular trend
Trend
Marginal firm
Net export
Export
Statistical significance
Standard paradigm
Corset
Margin requirement
Exogeneity

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