Quality

Modern Project Management

All of mankinds greatest accomplishment from
building the great pyramids to discovering a cure for
polio to putting a man on the moon began as a project

Why project Management?

It is not a special-need management. It is a standard way of doing business
Compression of the Product Life Cycle
High tech industries product life cycle is averaging 6 months to 3 years
Time to Market (Speed becomes a competitive advantage)
Complexity & Knowledge Explosion
Growth of new knowledge
Complexities in materials, specifications, codes, aesthetics, equipment etc.
Need to integrate divergent technologies
Triple bottom line (planet, people, profit)
Sustainable business practices
Carbon footprint / renewable energy
Corporate downsizing
Flatter & leaner organization
Outsourcing

Business environment requires

Innovation, Speed, Flexibility,
Accountability and Continuous
Improvement

Increased Customer Focus

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Small Projects Represents Big Problem (Velocity of change, multi-project environment)

What is a project?

What is a project?
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken
to create a unique product, service or result
How temporary?
Has a definite beginning and end
Ceases when objectives have been met
Team is disbanded upon project completion
Unique?
The product or service is different in some way from
other product or services
Project characteristics are progressively elaborated

Some examples

Building construction

Projects in our life

Ship building

Refinery construction

10 day Tour and Travel

Programs

A project has a unique combination of stakeholders

stakeholders persons
or organizations that are
actively involved in the project,
or whose interests may be
positively or negatively affected
by the project. PMBOK

Guide
Three Groups of Stakeholders

The first group of stakeholders to be

considered are those within the project,
i.e., the project team.
The second group of stakeholders are
those outside of the project, but within the
organization.
Then there is the third group that are
outside of the organization.

NOTE:
PMBOK Project
Management Book of
Knowledge

The Need of the Hour:

Project Management (PM)
the application of knowledge, skills, tools
and techniques to project activities to meet
project requirements.
Project management includes work processes that initiate, plan,
execute, monitor & control and close work
Work processes require tradeoffs among the scope, quality, cost, and
schedule of the project
PM includes administrative tasks for planning, documenting, and
controlling work
PM includes leadership tasks for visioning, motivating, and promoting
work associates.
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What Makes Projects Different?

Projects vs. operations
Soft skills and hard skills
Authority, responsibility & Accountability

Projects vs. Operations

Projects are temporary

Projects have unique characteristics
Operations consist of the ongoing work needed to
ensure that an organization continues to function
effectively
e.g. accounting, production.

Soft Skills and Hard Skills

Soft skills Communication, Presentation, Team work,
Interpersonal, Professional ethics, Time management,
Stress Management, Leadership.
Hard skills - scheduling, risk analysis, quality control, and
budgeting work
A successful project manager needs both soft and hard
skills

Training, experience, and mentoring are

instrumental in developing necessary skills.
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Authority, Responsibility & Accountability

Projects are most effectively managed with one person being
assigned accountability
Project managers negotiate with functional managers
A project manager needs to develop strong communication
and leadership skills in order to persuade subordinates to focus
on the project when other work also beckons.

Functional manager someone with management authority

over an organizational unit. The manager of any group that
actually makes a product or performs a service.
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Project Life Cycle

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Project Life Cycle

All projects go through predictable stages called a project
life cycle.
Life cycle allows for control to assure that the project is
proceeding in a satisfactory manner and that the results are
likely to serve its customers intended purpose

PMBOK Guide

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Project Management Process

(Defining)

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Project
Life
Cycle
Stages
Monitoring & Control

Definingwhen a project is proposed, planned at a high level, and key participants commit to it
in broad terms
Planningstarts after the initial commitment, includes detailed planning, and ends when all
stakeholders accept the entire detailed plan
Executingincludes authorizing, executing, monitoring, and controlling work until the customer
accepts the project deliverables

Closingall activities after customer acceptance to ensure project is completed, lessons are
learned, resources are reassigned, and contributions are recognized.
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Project Life Cycle Stages

Most companies insist that a project must pass an
approval of some kind to move from one stage to
the next
Toll Gates & Milestones

The project life cycle is highly formalized and very

specific.

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Project Objectives Triangle

The Triangle of Project
Management

(Schedule)

(Budget)

Also called as Triple

Constraints Or Iron Triangle

Balancing Time,
Cost and Scope
within the
framework of
Quality
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Competing Project Constraints

PMBOK extends the triple constraints and calls the
following as competing project constraints:

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Project Vs Program Vs Portfolios

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Portfolio refers to a group of related or non-related projects

or programs.
For example, lets say that you have three projects: the first
project is to construct a building, the second project is to
conduct research to find the impact of motor pollution on
the environment, and the third project is to set up a call
center.
The Benefits of Portfolio Management
Optimal allocation and utilization of resources
among projects or programs
Provide constant support to projects or programs
Fewer conflicts and better communication among
projects or programs
Better coordination among projects or programs
A program is a group of related or similar projects
managed in a coordinated way to get the benefits and
control not available from managing them
individually.
The first project is to construct a
school building and the second
project is to construct an office
building. Since these two projects are
similar in nature, you will keep them
under a program. The Benefits of Program Management
Less conflict among projects
Optimal utilization of resources
Resource constraints are minimized
Better communication and coordination
among projects
Improves organizations performance

Portfolio Management
Business Leadership Alignment
Value optimization
(risks/rewards)
Program Selection
Portfolio adjustment

Project Vs
Program Vs
Portfolios

Program Management
Business Sponsorship
Multiple projects (interrelated
or interdependent projects)
All elements of business
system

Project Management
Delivery of capability
Inputs
Budgets
Schedule

Project: Set up the call center

and hand it over to your client.

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Projects and Subprojects

A large project may be composed of multiple
subprojects

Subproject a smaller portion of the overall project created

when a project is subdivided into more manageable components or
pieces. PMBOK Guide

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Portfolio, Program, Project, and

Subproject Relationships

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Project Governance:
An Integrative Approach
Integration (or centralization) of project
management provides senior management with:

An overview of all project management activities

A big picture of how organizational resources are used
A risk assessment of their portfolio of projects
A rough metric of the firms improvement in managing
projects relative to others in the industry
Linkages of senior management with actual project
execution management
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 Started in 1969
Worlds leading not-for-profit membership association for the project
management profession
More than half a million members
More than 185 countries
Provide Project Management Professional (PMP) certificates (As on
June 2013, 537400 professional certificate holders)

CAPM (Certified Associate in Project Management) for entry level

project managers as well as for students
Project management is supported by globally-recognized standards
and credentials

PMP (Project Management Professional) Certification

Recognizes Project Management Knowledge and Skills

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PMI India
PMI Organization Centre Private Limited
Mumbai, India
E-mail: pmi.india@pmi.org
Website: www.pmi.org.in

PMI's India Service Centre

New Delhi, India
Tel: +91-124-4517 140
E-mail: customercare.india@pmi.org
Other Offices
Bengaluru, India
E-mail: pmi.blr@pmi.org

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10 Knowledge Area

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Project Management Process Groups

A process is a series of actions directed toward a particular
result.
Project management can be viewed as a number of
interlinked processes.
The project management process groups include:
Initiating processes
Planning processes
Executing processes
Monitoring and
controlling processes
Closing processes
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Project Management Processes (47)

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Summary
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or
service
Project management includes work processes that initiate, plan, execute,
control, and close project work.
Balancing between the scope, cost, and schedule without compromising on
Quality.
All projects, regardless of size, complexity, or application, need to be
planned and managed.
PMI is a very large professional organization devoted to promoting and
standardizing project management understanding and methods
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An Overview of Project Management

31

Backup

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