EMERGENCY ON THE ROADS

Road accident: What should you do?

What do you do when you come across an accident? What do you do when your vehicle has
caused an accident? What does the police do when an accident occurs? What is the process for
filing for insurance?
Priyanjali Ghose, Meera K , 14 May 2010

In May last year, TS Rajeevalochanam, 80 and his wife Susheela,70, who are residents of
Jayanagar 8th block were returning home from their evening walk. They had gone to the
HOPCOMS shop at Kanakapura road junction. Suddenly a speeding car, trying to catch the
green signal, hit another vehicle and the old couple. Susheela lost consciousness and lay on the
road profusely bleeding from her nose, head and mouth while Rajeevalochanam's ankle was hurt.
The woman car driver whose car hit the couple accompanied them to the hospital. They were
taken to the nearby JBS hospital by a few people at the spot.
In the hospital, the doctor after giving first aid, recommended the couple shift to another hospital
for specialised treatment. One of the two men accompanying the lady called for an ambulance.
Then they sorted the car insurance issues and walked away. For months the injured couple was
bedridden. Susheela has suffered several scratches on her face and hairline knee-fracture while
Rajeevalochanam nursed pains in different parts of his body as well as a fractured ankle. The
driver never contacted them after that and her phone remains unreachable.
In city like Bangalore, this is nothing new. But why does it happen? Why do people who cause
these accidents never look back? Why we sometimes walk away when we come across an
accident? Is it because of callousness or people do not know what to do when an accident
occurs?
What do you do when you come across an accident?

Take the patient to the hospital or call 108.

Inform the police and tell about what you saw on the spot of the accident. But the police
will take your account of the accident as a written statement only if you allow.

If you have gone to the police station you need to lodge an FIR (First Information Report)
giving detailed account about what you have seen on spot.

If you are an eye witness and wish to provide written statement then you need to come to
the police station and give a written and signed complaint. In the complaint one needs to
provide personal contact number. Later you need to attend the hearing of the court.

What do you do when your vehicle has caused an accident?

1. Shift the patient to a nearby hospital for preliminary investigation else call 108 for an
ambulance. Motor Vehicles Act, amendment 1994, makes it mandatory on both the driver/owner

of the vehicle to take the accident victim to the nearest doctor, and the doctor to treat the victim
without waiting for any formalities.
2. Call 100, which is the Bangalore City Police Traffic control room. Inform the control room of
the time, venue and name of the hospital, where the victim is being taken.
3. After admitting to the hospital, go to nearby police station and inform the police of the
accident, reporting the circumstance of the accident.
What are the first aids that you need to provide?
Many deaths and impact of injuries can be prevented with First Aid if causalities are treated
immediately. Timely care prior to the arrival of the medical help can make a difference between
life and death.
Casualty treatment should consider Asphyxia, Cardiac Arrest, Severe Haemorrhage (Bleeding),
Other Injuries/Illnesses and Shock
IMMEDIATE REQUIREMENT
Blocked airways cutting off oxygen supply can cause death, in less than four minutes. If proper
first aid is given in the first hour (known as the golden hour) after the trauma, accident victims
has a greater chance of survival and a reduction in the severity of their injuries.

Steps in giving first aid in road accidents. Credit: Chandigarh Traffic Police.

What does the police do when an accident occurs?

1. Police reaches the spot
2. Records statements of victim, offender and also eyewitnesses around
3. Draw the sketch at the spot of the accident
4. Detain the vehicle, which causes the accident. The vehicle is then subjected to Motor Vehicle
Inspection to find out if the accident has occurred due to a mechanical defect of the vehicle or the
fault of the driver
5. Procure medical certificate from the hospital. The medical certificate would describe the kind
of the accident and type of injuries to the victim(s).
6. After investigation, the police file a "charge sheet" at the court stating the details of the
accident and who committed it. Post this, prosecution proceedings against the accused begin in
the judicial system
What should hospitals do?
1. Immediately admit the patient as it is a medico-legal case (i.e. any medical case, which would
be reported at a police station). No doctor/hospital can refuse medical care to emergency cases.
The doctor/hospital should not wait for police to arrive or for legal formalities before attending
to the victim. It is mandated by constitution that hospitals will have to admit the patient and
provide basic treatment else the hospital can be sued by regulatory bodies.
2. The Medical Council of India (MCI) has issued circulars to 186 hospitals associated with
medical colleges across the country, urging them not to refuse first-aid to accident victims. The
circular further cites sections 1 to 6 of the Indian Medical Council Professional Conduct,
Etiquette and Ethics) Regulations, 2002 which state how a doctor pledges to serve the humanity.
3. The hospital fills a medico legal form. Medico-legal Form contains the details of the nature of
accident/injury. This form is filled whenever the doctor suspects a Road Traffic Accident,
Criminal violence, or Industrial/workplace injury.
4. After sealing the form, the hospital send it to the police. This Medico-Legal Form is given to
the patient at the time of Discharge and a Copy is maintained in treating hospital and another
copy to the neighbouring police station. Nowadays many hospitals have police outposts within
their premises.
5. The form is written immediately at the time of admission and kept ready. The form will
contain all the details related to the mode of injury, in a scientific manner known to doctors as
---History of Presenting complaints (from Patient and Bystanders).

"The effort to save the person should be the top priority not only of the medical professional but
even of the police or any other citizen who happens to be connected with that matter or who
happens to notice such an incident or a situation". Ref: Supreme Court Judgment: In the case of
Pt. Parmanand Katara vs Union of India in Criminal Writ Petition No.270 of 1988, D/-28.8.1989
(AIR 1989 Supreme Court 2039)
6. Provide first aid; Even if the hospitals can't provide super specialised treatment they have to
cater the basic treatment and stabilize the condition. The basic treatment would have to be
imparted even if the patient cannot pay then and there.
7. Refer to major hospitals depending on the nature of treatment required
8. Hospitals would help the police to investigate by helping the police to document the narration
of the victim. The hospitals help the police by sharing the first hand information of what the
victim tells.
What is the process for filing for insurance?
If you or your vehicle is involved in an accident, call the insurance company/ policy issuing
office immediately at the earliest with the following info:
You may have to fill a claim form and follow procedures as per the insurance agency
requirements.
How is insurance payments done?
Lodge an FIR to the nearest Police Station (whenever loss has occurred due to any cause like
fire, burglary, theft, damage to third party, Accident etc., i.e. for any reason other than Act of God
Peril for example flood, earthquake, inundation etc.
3. Collect relevant claim form.
4. Fill up the claim form correctly after reading it thoroughly.
5. Submit claim form to the policy issuing office either directly or by an authorised agent along
with documents required /asked for, such as police reports, doctors prescriptions, reports of
pathological tests, cash memos from the chemists shop for the medicine purchased, admission
and Discharge Certificates, receipts from surgeon, doctors and so on as the case may be.
Keep your Insurance policy number and period of its validity handy; date, time and place of
accident; Particulars of the persons injured or killed in the accident; Name of the driver and the
particulars of his driving licence.
6. The policy issuing office may appoint surveyor/ loss Assessor or may refer the case to panel
doctors, if necessary.

7. Claim is finally settled by the policy issuing office and payment is made to the Policy holder
as a full and final settlement of claim.
8. Please note in some cases provisional payment is also made to the policy holder pending the
final processing of the claim, depending on the merits of the case.
Priyanjali Ghose, Meera K
14 May 2010
Priyanjali Ghose is a recent graduate from the Indian Institute of Journalism & New Media.
Meera K is a co-founder at Citizen Matters.
URL for this article
http://www.citizenmatters.in/article/1999