Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lemuria D. Carter
Dietrich L. Schaupp
North Carolina A&T University
West Virginia University
ldcarte2@ncat.edu
dietrich.schaupp@mail.wvu.edu
Abstract
1. Introduction
Participation and membership in social networking
sites has exploded in the past several years. Services
such as Myspace, Facebook, and LinkedIn have
evolved from niche communities to active societies.
Facebook surpassed the 400 million worldwide users
milestones this past April [1]. Facebook CEO Mark
Zuckerburg commented on the significance of the 400
million user mark by explaining that if you are building
a website most of your users are probably Facebook
users too and if they are not they will be soon [1].
Zuckerburg went onto highlight how each new
Facebook service gets faster adoption rates amongst
users. Facebook Mobile hit the 100 million user mark
after three years and the most recently launched
Facebook Connect which hit the 100 million user
milestone in a mere fifteen months [1].
This rapid increase in participation has been
accompanied by a progressive diversification and
sophistication of purposes and usage patterns across
these sites. Most social networking websites have a
core set of features in common: an individual creates a
profile (a representation of their selves and often times
2. Theoretical development
While social networking sites share the basic purpose
of online interaction and communication, specific goals
and patterns of usage vary significantly across social
network sites. The most common model is based on
the presentation of the participants profile and the
visualization of his or her network of relations to others
such is the case with Facebook. For the purposes of
this study, we define [13] a social networking site as a
web based service that allow individuals to (1)
construct a public or semi-public profile within a
bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with
whom they share a connection, and (3) view and
traverse their list of connections and those made by
others within the system.
What makes social network sites unique is not that
they allow individuals to meet strangers, but rather that
they enable users to articulate and share their social
networks. This can result in connections between
individuals that would not otherwise be made, but that
is often not the goal, and these meetings are frequently
between "latent ties" [14] who share some offline
connection. On many of the large social networking
sites (SNSs), participants are not necessarily
"networking" or looking to meet new people; instead,
they are primarily communicating with people who are
already a part of their extended social network. Online
social networking sites can therefore morph into a
variety of things including online classifieds at one end
of the spectrum and blogging at the other.
Definitions
Loyalties
Values
Principles
Empirical Definition of
Situation
a)
b)
c)
d)
Threat
Authority
Social Change
Scientific
Integrity
b)
c)
d)
Center of Values or
Loyalties
a)
b)
c)
d)
Means
Personal
Group
Ultimate
revelational
(divine command)
Regular (ruledeontoloigcal
Situational (actdeontological)
Teleological
Ground of Meaning or
Theology
a)
b)
c)
d)
Human nature
Love, justice, and
realism
Justification and
sanctification
Mission
5. Discussion
This study integrates research from three diverse fields
to explain information disclosure in online
communities. According to Potters Box there are four
dimensions that effect ethical decision making. We
posit that these dimensions are applicable to social
networking and the implications of which should be of
keen interest to both the private and public sectors. The
box serves as a guideline moving from one box to the
next. The modified Potters Box adapted for a social
networking context serves as an exercise in social
ethics. It combines the need for an appeal for an
explicit moral principle with the need for addressing
the sociological values of the culture and the
assignment of our loyalties to a specific individual or
group in order to generate a conclusion that is morally
defensible (justified). This is done by using the box as
a cycle. First, by asking the relevant questions in each
quadrant; then expanding it as a circle whereby you
focus on the ethical principle, and finally examine the
question of loyalties. Each cycle redefines and
clarifies the process and the elemental relationship of
each quadrant to the others. It is a process that requires
several iterations for a morally justified conclusion.
The moral justification ultimately relies on the
explicit moral principle selected. Although, often
articulated, the need for alternatives available for moral
justification (principles) in ethical decision-making on
information disclosure is often a befuddlement for the
social network user. Most often times only considering
the ethical decision and privacy implications that result
only for a second or not at all. The proposed
framework represents an initial attempt to present a
comprehensive view of ethical information disclosure
in social networking. It can serve as a foundation for
future studies on online information sharing in this
digital age.
6. Future research
The proposed framework presents numerous fruitful
avenues for future research. Future studies should
conduct a qualitative assessment to explore the
intricacies of ethical decision making in this context.
Following the qualitative assessment, quantitative
studies should be used to develop and assess a
replicable research model. The model could be tested
in various online contexts such as online dating and
professional networking.
Given the impact of
demographics on social network website utilization,
future research should explore the impact factors such
as age, gender, scope of network, and ethnicity on
ethical information disclosures within online
communities.
7. Conclusion
Online social networks form virtual communities
(online communities) for which users register and
identify with connecting them to not only their direct
friends, but also their indirect friends. Information
revelation onto the site and thus into the community
allows provides both friends and extended friends the
opportunity to view private, potentially sensitive
information. This framework serves as a foundation
for future research into the ethical decision making
process of social network users.
7. References
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