Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., Vol. 34, pp.

295-296, 1995
Copyright 0 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd
Printed in Great Britain. AIJ rights reserved
0146+410/95 $29.00

Pergamon
0 146-64 10(95)00024-O

Giant Resonance Spectroscopy of 40 Ca in Electron

Scattering Coincidence Experiments*
P. van NEUMANN-COSEL
Institutfiir Kernphysik. Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Schlossgarlenstr. 9.
D-64289 Durmstadt, Germany
With the development
have become

of continuous

results

of a recent

MAMI

A microton

study

of the Ca(e,ex)

in Maina

channels (protons

mingled

isoscalar

monopole

energy

strength

independent

accelerator

Q = 0.25 - 0.66 fm-.

to the recoiling

nucleus.
energy

and isovector

dipole

microscopic

transfer

and no additional

calculations.

multipoles

(X 2

that

an additional

the resulting

GDR form factor from a MSI-RPA

The resulting
compared
can state
strength

a very good

is strongly

of a cCa(a,ax)
predictions.
deduced
cannot

strength

distributions

to the difference

agreement

experiment

transfer

with maxima

data.

part

exhaustion

dependence

configurations

see (91. The quality

of Fig.

of reproduction

are treated

value includes

strength

circles).

method.

is
One

The E2

However,

1 represents

contributions

because

RPA

to 61(7)%
which

of the almost equal

it is clear from high resolution

(p,px)

below about 17 MeV is of E2 character.

a recent

microscopic

calculation

[8]. For a description

results is remarkable,

in previous

can be traced

to most

as compared

monopole

within this approach

of the experimental

E2 strength

of

in particular

RPA calculations.

back to 2p2h ground

including

of the approach
for the

A detailed analysis

state

correlations

which

beyond the usual RPA level in this model [8].

Another
functions

the low-lying

The El

[5] (open

of the decomposition

to the continuum

region below 15 MeV which could not be described

reveals that

data

resides below 15 MeV in contrast

strength

and coupling

in fig. 1.

up to 16 MeV is only 33(S)%

of the form factors.

The solid line in the lower part

of [3]

the deviation

calculation.

[4] and (r,n)

and inclusive (e,e) data [7] that the major part of the strength
lplp@phonon

is based an
is excitation

Since the method

by minimizing

as histograms

Note that the (e,ex)

from the quadrupole

separation

the form factor

[3].

of GDR

E2 strength

around 12, 14 and 17 MeV. Similar to the observations

[6] a significant

the EWSR

from the hadron

be separated

are displayed
photoabsorption

which ensures the reliabilty

fragmented

However,

momentum

of a total

is imposed

with

Also some

decomposition

The multipole

does not lead to unique results

energy-integrated

strength.

and the resulting

3) contribute

constraint

For details see [2].

A multipole

under the assumption

The main decay

one is contronted

(GDR)

cross sections is presented

at the

in Darmstadt.

AE-E telescopes covering

excited

(GQR)

on some

were performed

S-DALINAC

with a set of up to 10

experiments

work reports

The experiments

is found at lower energies.

to recent

of the momentum

coincidence

10 - 25 MeV excitation

in the 4x-integrated

is compared

the variation

of about

quadrupole

(GMR)

and GQR contributions

distribution

region

isoscalar

[2].

induced

(11. The present

in the range

were detected

= 0 - 200 relative

resonance

strongly

reaction

transfers

and alpha particles)

range of 0,

In the Ca

electron

spectroscopy

and at the superconducting

Data were taken at four momentum

an angular

wave accelerators

a powerful tool for giant resonance

interesting

(ACF).

problem

addressed

While the multipole

no model independent

analysis

It has been demonstrated

variing with excitation
continuum

approach

to describe

the excitation

[lo].

This is further
final states

and momentum

Supported
06 DA 665 I.

decay, if more than two multipoles

contribute.

transfer

can be consistently

energy

in Fig.
bin.

correlations

by the German

Federal

above).

of the underlying

2 where p. and no (taken

Despite

the very similar

look completely
Minister

different.

for Research
295

channels

described

from

model is used

One must conclude

nuclear

dominant

strongly

by a HF-RPA

since a far too simple lplh

(cf. the discussion of E2 strength

independent

of (e,ep)

of the pc and pi decay

This finding came as a surprise

process

demonstrated

the angular

correlation
performed,

the shape of ACF

the ACF shapes of ~0.1 decay are largely

for the same excitation

angular

of a decay ACF has been successfully

is possible for proton

in [2] that

energy

here is the interpretation

decompostion

[ll])

that

structure.
decay

&/,-hole

are compared

structure

of the

The dashed lines are the model

and Technology

(BMFT)

under

contract

[lo]

number

296

P. von Neumann-Cosel

I
10

12

14

16

18

20

Excitation Energy (MeV)

Fig. 1. El and EZ(,EO)strength distributions

resulting from a Ca(e,ex) multipole decomposition.

90

<

160

&

270

360

Qv.~ (degrees)

Fig. 2. Angular correlations of the Ca(e,epa)

and Ca(e,eno) reactions for excitation energies 19 - 20 MeV and comparable momentum
transfer.

results taking only the Hartree-Fock part, thus simulating a direct knock-out reaction. Obviously
the data are not described well. Only if the RPA-type multistep contributions are fully taken into
account (solid lines) a simultaneous description of decay into both channels is achieved. The relative
HF contributions are small and the cross sections were scaled with factors 3 (po) and 400 (no) with
respect to the full calculations. Thus, the ACF shapes are largely defined by the RPA correlations
included in the model [lo]. A detailed analysis shows that the theoretical cross sections are dominated
by charge-exchange rescattering terms in the final state interaction. Because of the predominance
of these multistep contributions the oversimplified model of the excitation step does not affect the
ACF shapes, but rather reflects itself in a large variation of the normalization constants needed to
describe the absolute cross sections.
Further results of the present investigations including, e.g., a discussion of the relative role of
semi-direct and statistical decay contributions, the analysis of a0 ACF and a detailed comparison of
electron and hadron induced coincidence experiments can be found in [2, 7, 121.

References
[l] K.T. KnGpfle and G.J. Wagner, in Electric and Magnetic Giant Resonances in Nuclei, ed.
J. Speth (World Scientific, Singapore, 1991) 234.
[2] H. Dieaener et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 1994.
[3] Th. Kihm et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 (1986) 2789.
[4] J. Ahrens et al., Nucl. Phys. A251 (1975) 479.
[5] A. Veysierre et al., Nucl. Phys. A227 (1974) 513.
[S] F. Zwarts et al., Phys. Lett. B125 (1983) 123.
[7] P. von Neumann-Coeel et al., Nucl. Phys. A589 (1994) 373~.
[B] S. Kamerdzhiev et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. (submitted).
[9] S. Kamerdzhiev et sl., Nucl. Phys. A589 (1994) 313~.
[lo] J. Ryckebusch et al., Nucl. Phys. A503 (1989) 604.
[ll] C. Takakuwa et al., Phya. Rev. C50 (1994) 845.
1121P. von Neumann-Cosel, Proceedings of the IV. International Conference on Selected Topics
in Nuclear Structure, Dubna, July 5-9, 1994 (in press).