VOCABULARY AVANZADOS.

ALMOST

ABALONE

not quite; very nearly.

an edible mollusk of warm seas that has a shallow ear-shaped shell

lined with mother-of-pearl and pierced with respiratory holes.

he almost knocked Georgina over

Brains of limpets and abalones are much simpler than brains of

garden snails and slugs in histological differentiation.

ALREADY

ACCIDENT

Anna has suffered a great deal already

an unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly and

unintentionally, typically resulting in damage or injury.

AMUSED

he had an accident at the factory

cause (someone) to find something funny; entertain.

before or by now or the time in question.

he made faces to amuse her

ACCURATE
(of information, measurements, statistics, etc.) correct in all details;
exact.

APE

accurate information about the illness is essential

a large primate that lacks a tail, including the gorilla, chimpanzees,

orangutan, and gibbons.

ACCUSED

Mother apes - chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, humans - dote on

their babies.

a person or group of people who are charged with or on trial for a

crime.

APPLAUD

the accused was ordered to stand trial on a number of charges

show approval or praise by clapping.

the crowd whistled and applauded

AGAINST
in opposition to.

AUNT

the fight against crime

the sister of one's father or mother or the wife of one's uncle.

Our girls need their mothers and fathers, their aunts and uncles, but
they need their big sisters too.

A urine test can also be used to confirm that the bacteria are the
Legionella bacteria .

LAUGH

POISONOUS

an act of laughing.

(of a substance or plant) causing or capable of causing death or

illness if taken into the body.

she gave a loud, silly laugh

poisonous chemicals
AUTUMN
the third season of the year, when crops and fruits are gathered and
leaves fall, in the northern hemisphere from September to November
and in the southern hemisphere from March to May.

BANQUETS
an elaborate and formal evening meal for many people, often
followed by speeches.

the countryside is ablaze with color in autumn

the Austrian emperor's lavish banquets

AWESOME

BATH

extremely impressive or daunting; inspiring great admiration,

apprehension, or fear.

an act or process of immersing and washing one's body in a large

container of water.

the awesome power of the atomic bomb

she took a long, hot bath

AXLE

BEASTIE

a rod or spindle (either fixed or rotating) passing through the center of

a wheel or group of wheels.

an animal, insect, or germ.

our immune systems are killing millions of wee beasties

axle grease
BEAUTIFUL
BACTERIA
a member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms that have
cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus, including
some that can cause disease.

pleasing the senses or mind aesthetically.

beautiful poetry

ISSUE

the activity spending a vacation living in a camp, tent, or camper.

an important topic or problem for debate or discussion.

visitors can go camping in the vast wilderness surrounding the

mountains

the issue of global warming

BECAUSE
for the reason that; since.
we did it because we felt it our duty
BEET
a herbaceous plant widely cultivated as a source of food for humans
and livestock, and for processing into sugar. Some varieties are
grown for their leaves and some for their large nutritious root.
In agriculture the main products are meat and dairy, potatoes, sugar
beets , barley, wheat, and turnips.
CITY
a large town.
the city center

CAROUSEL
a merry-go-round.
The original carousel opened in 1871 and was powered by a blind
mule and a horse which walked a treadmill in an underground pit.
CENTURY
a period of one hundred years.
a century ago most people walked to work
CHEMIST
an expert in chemistry; a person engaged in chemical research or
experiments.
The first person to appreciate the meaning of such experiments was
the English chemist and physicist Henry Cavendish.
CHICKEN

BULLDOZER

a domestic fowl kept for its eggs or meat, especially a young one.

a powerful tractor with a broad upright blade at the front for clearing
ground.

Most of us think we're familiar with the sounds of the domestic

chicken , but not all fowl calls are created equal.

They are also calling on the authorities to return the bulldozers ,

excavators and tractors that were seized during the raid.

CHIPS

CAMPING

a thin slice of food made crisp by being fried, baked, or dried and
typically eaten as a snack.

tortilla chips dipped in salsa

CHORUS
a large organized group of singers, especially one that performs
together with an orchestra or opera company.
The singers, choruses and orchestras that Britten conducts are
among the finest that were ever recorded with a veritable array of
British talent that one only dreams of assembling.

a strong, hard magnetic silvery-gray metal, the chemical element of

atomic number 26, much used as a material for construction and
manufacturing, especially in the form of steel.
This shining metal was not raw iron but hard steel, which bent the
softer wrought-iron blades of the Gauls.
COACH
a horse-drawn carriage, especially a closed one.

CIRCUIT

It was a wonderful sight to see because many of the guests arrived in

horse-drawn coaches and carriages.

a roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and finishes at

the same place.

COAST

I ran a circuit of the village

the part of the land near the sea; the edge of the land.
the west coast of Africa

CLAN
a group of close-knit and interrelated families (especially associated
with families in the Scottish Highlands).
Tartan ties, scarves and even a map of the Scottish clans filled the
window of the shop.
CLIMB
an ascent, especially of a mountain or hill, by climbing.

COCOA
a chocolate powder made from roasted and ground cacao seeds.
To make the pastry, sift together the flour, cocoa , salt and icing
sugar.
COMB

the rigorous climb up the mountain

a strip of plastic, metal, or wood with a row of narrow teeth, used for
untangling or arranging the hair.

IRON

This involves lifting the hair with a metal comb and burning off the
ends with a lighted taper.
COMMUNITY

a group of people living in the same place or having a particular

characteristic in common.
Rhode Island's Japanese community
COMPOUND
made up or consisting of several parts or elements, in particular.
Our experts are in accord: Nothing builds legs like squats because
they're a compound movement that stimulates all major muscles of
the legs.
CONCAVE
having an outline or surface that curves inward like the interior of a
circle or sphere.
Galileo's telescope had a convex object lens but a concave eyepiece.
CONTEST
an event in which people compete for supremacy in a sport, activity,
or particular quality.
a gigantic air rifle shooting contest
CONVEX
having an outline or surface curved like the exterior of a circle or
sphere.
Galileo's telescope had a convex object lens but a concave eyepiece.

SPECTRUM
a band of colors, as seen in a rainbow, produced by separation of the
components of light by their different degrees of refraction according
to wavelength.
If viewed through a prism, however, there is a decomposition of the
light into the colors of the spectrum , each with different wavelengths.
COTTON
a soft white fibrous substance that surrounds the seeds of a tropical
and subtropical plant and is used as textile fiber and thread for
sewing.
a cargo of cotton and wheat
COUNTRY
a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory.
the country's increasingly precarious economic position
UNDERSTAND
perceive the intended meaning of (words, a language, or speaker).
he didn't understand a word I said
CRISIS
a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger.
the current economic crisis
CUE

a thing said or done that serves as a signal to an actor or other

performer to enter or to begin their speech or performance.
The Mayor, not heeding his cue , began his speech early and failed
to mention the conference and exhibition sponsors.
FUEL

DYNAMITE
a high explosive consisting of nitroglycerine mixed with an absorbent
material and typically molded into sticks.
The builders of these bombs wouldn't have much trouble getting their
hands on high explosives - dynamite is readily available, and TNT
isn't too hard to come by.

supply or power (an industrial plant, vehicle, or machine) with fuel.

the plan includes a hydroelectric plant to fuel a paper factory

ECLIPSE

BEYOND

an obscuring of the light from one celestial body by the passage of

another between it and the observer or between it and its source of
illumination.

at or to the further side of.

an eclipse of the sun

he pointed to a spot beyond the trees

ELECTRON
DOUBLE
consisting of two equal, identical, or similar parts or things.
the double doors
DRY
free from moisture or liquid; not wet or moist.
the jacket kept me warm and dry

a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found

in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.
The antiparticle of the electron is the positron; there are also
antiquarks and antineutrinos.
CONDUCTOR
a person who directs the performance of an orchestra or choir.
he was appointed principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic
Orchestra

DUE
expected at or planned for at a certain time.

ENERGY

the baby's due in August

the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental

activity.

changes in the levels of vitamins can affect energy and well-being

EXCELLENT
extremely good; outstanding.

ENLIGHTEN
give (someone) greater knowledge and understanding about a
subject or situation.
Christopher had not enlightened Frances as to their relationship
PRIOR

a 3-bedroom house in excellent condition

IDENTIFICATION
the action or process of identifying someone or something or the fact
of being identified.
each child was tagged with a number for identification

existing or coming before in time, order, or importance.

he has a prior engagement this evening

EXIT
a way out, especially of a public building, room, or passenger vehicle.

ENOUGH

she slipped out by the rear exit

as much or as many as required.

too much work and not enough people to do it

HIKE
a long walk, especially in the country or wilderness.

ENVIRONMENT
the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant
lives or operates.
I lived in hostile environments , surrounded by religious bigotry where
no one understood me.
EXCAVATE

Don't let April showers deter you from getting outside for a walk, hike
or bike ride.
FEET
the lower extremity of the leg below the ankle, on which a person
stands or walks.
The Antipodes were the body's extremities, its feet or its finger nails.

make (a hole or channel) by digging.

the cheapest way of doing this was to excavate a long trench

GENES

(in informal use) a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to

offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the
offspring.

FORCE

proteins coded directly by genes

he was thrown backward by the force of the explosion

FIGHT

FORGOT

a violent confrontation or struggle.

fail to remember.

we'll get into a fight and wind up with bloody noses

he had forgotten his lines

FLAT

FRIEND

smooth and even; without marked lumps or indentations.

a person whom one knows and with whom one has a bond of mutual
affection, typically exclusive of sexual or family relations.

a flat wall

strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.

This recipe comes from a close friend of mine with whom I worked
when I was living in London.

FLIGHT
the action or process of flying through the air.

MEND

an eagle in flight

a repair in a material.

HIGHWAY

the mends were so perfect you could not even tell the board had
been damaged

A main public road, especially one connectingtowns and cities.

I couldn't get you on your cell phone, so I burned the highway getting
here.
FLOW

FRIGHTENING
making someone afraid or anxious; terrifying.
a frightening experience

the action or fact of moving along in a steady, continuous stream.

HEAT

the flow of water into the pond

the quality of being hot; high temperature.

it is sensitive to both heat and cold

a color or shade.
her face lost its golden hue

HEAVY
of great weight; difficult to lift or move.

HUMAN

the pan was too heavy for me to carry

of, relating to, or characteristic of people or human beings.

the human body

HIGH
of great vertical extent.

HUMONGOUS

the top of a high mountain

huge; enormous.
a humongous steak

HOBBY
an activity done regularly in one's leisure time for pleasure.

HYDRANT

her hobbies are reading and gardening

an upright water pipe, especially one in a street, with a nozzle to

which a fire hose can be attached.

HOLLOW

Firefighters lost precious time hooking up their hoses to three fire

hydrants on two different streets before finding one that worked.

having a hole or empty space inside.

each fiber has a hollow core

ICICLE

HOSPITAL

a hanging, tapering piece of ice formed by the freezing of dripping

water.

an institution providing medical and surgical treatment and nursing

care for sick or injured people.
My doctor has referred me to the eye clinic at the local hospital for
surgical treatment.

Then, on location for 1993's The Age of Innocence in Troy, New York,
Scorsese ran across an 1896 photo of a burned-out building,
hauntingly dripping with icicles .
IDEA

HUE

a thought or suggestion as to a possible course of action.

they don't think it's a very good idea

INVESTIGATE

IDENTIFY

carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the

facts of (an incident, allegation, etc.) so as to establish the truth.

establish or indicate who or what (someone or something) is.

police are investigating the alleged beating

the judge ordered that the girl not be identified

ITCH
IDLE
without purpose or effect; pointless.

an uncomfortable sensation on the skin that causes a desire to

scratch.

he did not want to waste valuable time in idle chatter

But shortly after Ben began eating his lunch, his child-care provider
noticed he seemed to be trying to scratch an itch in his mouth.

IMMORTAL

JEEP

living forever; never dying or decaying.

our mortal bodies are inhabited by immortal souls

a small, sturdy motor vehicle with four-wheel drive, especially one

used by the military.

INCLINED

Burnley were hustled out of the ground and back to the airport with
an escort of an armoured lorry and nine military jeeps .

an inclined surface or plane; a slope, especially on a road or railway.

the road climbs a long incline through a forest
INSULATOR
a thing or substance used for insulation, in particular.
INTERESTING
arousing curiosity or interest; holding or catching the attention.
an interesting debate

KETCHUP
a spicy sauce made chiefly from tomatoes and vinegar, used as a
condiment.
Dip the fish and chips into the tomato ketchup and tartare sauce as
desired.
KEY
a small piece of shaped metal with incisions cut to fit the wards of a
particular lock, and that is inserted into a lock and turned to open or
close it.

In the recovery room and three theatres, the drugs cupboards had
been opened using force and the metal cupboards inside had been
opened with keys .

cover with or as if with a tent.

KILT a garment resembling a knee-length skirt of pleated tartan cloth,

traditionally worn by men as part of Scottish Highland dress and now
also worn by women and girls.

THERMOSTAT

The abstract elements of beadwork patterns play a key role in

flagging difference - like the tartan kilts of Scottish clans.
KNAPSACK a bag with shoulder straps, carried on the back, and
typically made of canvas or other weatherproof material.
The soldiers, dressed in bright green fatigues with knapsacks on their
backs, filed through Jean Lesage Airport to meet loved ones who
cheered and clapped.

the garden had been completely tented over for supper

a device that automatically regulates temperature, or that activates a

device when the temperature reaches a certain point.
For temperature scans, a thermocouple connected to a thermostat
was placed in the sample window close to the sample.
THICK
with opposite sides or surfaces that are a great or relatively great
distance apart.
thick slices of bread

KNOCK

THOUGH

a sudden short sound caused by a blow, especially on a door to

attract attention or gain entry.

despite the fact that; although.

There was a sudden knock at the door, the noise seemingly

unnatural and loud in the silence that I had gotten accustomed to in
the past half-hour.
KNOT

though they were speaking in undertones, Philip could hear them

THOUGHT
an idea or opinion produced by thinking or occurring suddenly in the
mind.

a fastening made by tying a piece of string, rope, or something

similar.

Maggie had a sudden thought

tie a knot at the end of the cord

THROAT

TENT

the passage that leads from the back of the mouth of a person or
animal.

The infection spreads from the nose or throat through the Eustachian
tube, a passage between the throat and the middle ear.

The colourful cloth and the cardboard piece that symbolised the torch
of the statue made the model look appealing.

TIE

SWEET

a piece of string, cord, or the like used for fastening or tying

something.

having the pleasant taste characteristic of sugar or honey; not salty,

sour, or bitter.

he tightened the tie of his robe

a cup of hot sweet tea

TIN

TRAFFIC

cover with a thin layer of tin.

vehicles moving on a road or public highway.

the copper pans are tinned inside

a stream of heavy traffic

TONGUE

UNDERGROUND

the fleshy muscular organ in the mouth of a mammal, used for

tasting, licking, swallowing, and (in humans) articulating speech.

situated beneath the surface of the ground.

Swallowing, which is accomplished by muscle movements in the

tongue and mouth, moves the food into the throat, or pharynx.

underground parking garages

UNICYCLE

TONIGHT

a cycle with a single wheel, typically used by acrobats.

on the present or approaching evening or night.

After a year attending classes at the Montreal circus school, Corinne

was doing wheelies on a unicycle and holding handstands.

are you doing anything tonight?

UNIQUE
TORCH
a portable means of illumination such as a piece of wood or cloth
soaked in tallow or an oil lamp on a pole, sometimes carried
ceremonially.

being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else.

the situation was unique in modern politics

UNKIND
inconsiderate and harsh to others.
you were terribly unkind to her
MUSCLE
a band or bundle of fibrous tissue in a human or animal body that has
the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the
position of parts of the body.
the calf muscle
UPDATE
make (something) more modern or up to date.

For instance, the Act requires that fees paid by veterinarians to the
Veterinary Council be established by regulations.
VIDEO
the recording, reproducing, or broadcasting of moving visual images.
The trust has provided seven school systems with audio and video
equipment, including, of course, free cable.
VILLAGE
a group of houses and associated buildings, larger than a hamlet and
smaller than a town, situated in a rural area.
The population was essentially rural with numerous small villages
and towns housing less than 1000 people.

security measures are continually updated and improved

VIOLATE
UPSET

break or fail to comply with (a rule or formal agreement).

a state of being unhappy, disappointed, or worried.

they violated the terms of a ceasefire

domestic upsets
WALLET
USE

a pocket-sized, flat, folding holder for money and plastic cards.

the action of using something or the state of being used for some
purpose.

I know there are the big fold out credit card wallets but I'm running
out of pockets and I can't quite bring myself to carry a handbag.

a member of staff is present when the pool is in use

SWALLOW
VETERINARIAN
a person qualified to treat diseased or injured animals.

an act of swallowing something, especially food or drink.

he downed his drink in one swallow