CommonLanguageRuntime

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TheCommonLanguageRuntime(CLR),thevirtualmachinecomponentofMicrosoft's.NETframework,
managestheexecutionof.NETprograms.Aprocessknownasjustintimecompilationconvertscompiled
codeintomachineinstructionswhichthecomputer'sCPUthenexecutes.[1]TheCLRprovidesadditional
servicesincludingmemorymanagement,typesafety,exceptionhandling,garbagecollection,securityandthread
management.Allprogramswrittenforthe.NETframework,regardlessofprogramminglanguage,areexecuted
bytheCLR.Allversionsofthe.NETframeworkincludeCLR.
CLRimplementstheVirtualExecutionSystem(VES)asdefinedintheCommonLanguageInfrastructure(CLI)
standard,initiallydevelopedbyMicrosoftitself.ApublicstandarddefinestheCommonLanguageInfrastructure
specification.[2]
OverviewoftheCommon
LanguageRuntimerelease
history[1]
CLRversion .NETversion
1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

2.0

2.0,3.0,3.5

4,4.5,4.6

Contents
1
2
3
4

TheCLRconvertsCIL(CommonIntermediateLanguage)tonative
code.

Benefits
Seealso
References
Externallinks

Benefits
Theruntimeprovidesthefollowingbenefits:
Performanceimprovements.
Theabilitytoeasilyusecomponentsdevelopedinotherlanguages.
Extensibletypesprovidedbyaclasslibrary.
Languagefeaturessuchasinheritance,interfaces,andoverloadingforobjectorientedprogramming.
Supportforexplicitfreethreadingthatallowscreationofmultithreaded,scalableapplications.
Supportforstructuredexceptionhandling.
Supportforcustomattributes.
Garbagecollection.
Useofdelegatesinsteadoffunctionpointersforincreasedtypesafetyandsecurity.Formoreinformation

aboutdelegates,seeCommonTypeSystem.

Seealso
CommonIntermediateLanguage
ListofCLIlanguages
Javavirtualmachine

References
1."CommonLanguageRuntime(CLR)".MSDNLibrary.Retrieved14November2013.
2."ECMAC#andCommonLanguageInfrastructureStandards".VisualStudioDeveloperCenter.Retrieved
14November2013.

Externallinks
FunctionsofCommonLanguageRuntime(http://vb.net
informations.com/framework/functions_of_common_language_runtime.htm)
ComponentsofCommonLanguageRuntime(http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=30601)
ComponentsofCLR(http://www.visualbuilder.com/dotnet/tutorial/clr(commonlanguageruntime)/)
Overviewofthe.NETFramework4.0(http://msdn.microsoft.com/enus/library/a4t23ktk.aspx)
.NETFrameworkConceptualOverview(http://msdn.microsoft.com/enus/library/zw4w595w.aspx)
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