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A reason for using Yd between e.g. 220 and 66 kV, then Dy from 66 to 11
kV is that their phase shifts can cancel out and It is then also possible to
parallel a 220/11 kV YY transformer, at 11 kV, with the 66/11 kV (a YY
transformer often has a third, delta, winding to reduce harmonics). If one
went Dy11 Dy11 from 220 to 11 kV, there would be a 60 degree shift,
which is not possible in one transformer. The standard transformer groups
in distribution avoid that kind of limitation, as a result of thought and
experience leading to lowest cost over many years.
With regards to theory, there are no special advantages of Dyn11 over Dyn5.
In Isolation Application: In isolated applications there is no advantage or
disadvantage by using Dy5 or Dy11. If however we wish to interconnect the
secondary sides of different Dny transformers, we must have compatible
transformers, and that can be achieved if you have a Dyn11 among a group
of Dyn5s and vice versa.
In Parallel Connection: Practically, the relative places of the phases remain
same in Dyn11 compared to Dyn5.
If we use Yd1 Transformer on Generating Side and Distribution side Dy11
transformer than -30 lag of generating side (Yd1) is nullify by +30 Lead at
Receiving side Dy11) so no phase difference respect to generating Side and
if we are on the HV side of the Transformer, and if we denote the phases as
R- Y-B from left to right, the same phases on the LV side will be R- Y -B,
but from left to Right.
This will make the Transmission lines have same color (for identification)
whether it is input to or output from the Transformer.
If we use Yd1 Transformer on Generating Side and Distribution side Dy5
transformer than -30 lag of generating side (Yd1) is more lag by -150 Lag at
Receiving side (Dy5) so Total phase difference respect to generating Side is
180 deg (-30+-150=-180) and if we are on the HV side of the Transformer,
and if we denote the phases as R- Y-B from left to right, the same phases on
the LV side will be R- Y -B, but from Right to Left.
This will make the Transmission lines have No same color (for
identification) whether it is input to or output from the Transformer.
The difference in output between the Dyn11 and Dny5 and is therefore 180
degrees.