Amanda D. Encallado, Fritz Randulf S.

Diorico
Department of Physics, University of San Carlos
Talamban, Cebu City, Philippines 6000
a_encallado@yahoo.com, fdiorico@yahoo.com
Advisers: Albert James Licup and Claude Ceniza
PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Introduction

Theory

Methodology

Results

Conclusions
INTRODUCTION
 Fizeau InSAR
interferometer Michelson
interferometer
INTRODUCTI
INTERFEROGRAM CORRESPONDENCE OF LENS
SURFACE

Case
Case 4:
3: Concave
Case Convex
2: Case 1:
surface
surface
Flat +++
Flat surface round
round
round
periphery
periphery
peripherysurface

INTRODUCTI
 OBJECTIVES

 To construct a Fizeau interferometer

 To be able to automate the three-dimensional

reconstruction of the lens surface.

 To obtain a three dimensional perspective of

lenses

INTRODUCTI
 THEORY

4 nair d ( x, y )
 ( x, y )  

 THEORY

 Im c( x, y )**
Ii((ux,,(vyx)),y)Aa((uxtan
1
,,vy)) Cc (ux, vy))  C
c ((xu,, yv)
1-D Interference  Re c( x, y ) 
1
c( x, y )  b( x, y )e j ( x , y )
Fourier Transform 2

Inverse Fourier
Transform

Phase Unwrapping
 Phase Sign Ambiguity Correction

Interferogram Frequency Spectrum Wrapped

Phase Distribution

Different possible orientations for filters for the

Frequency Spectrum
THEORY
 Phase Sign Ambiguity Correction

Interferogram Frequency Spectrum Multi-

regional filters

Resulting Phase Distributions Phase

Phase Sign Ambiguity Correction
Phase Sign Ambiguity Correction

Sign corrected phase

distribution
 Phase Unwrapping

0.1 0.2 0.3

4
q   yx  xy    i -0.1 -0.2 -0.4
i 1
-0.2 -0.2 -0.3

1342

THEORY
 Phase Unwrapping

THEORY
 Phase Unwrapping

Residue Distribution Branch Cuts

THEORY
 Phase Unwrapping

THEORY
 METHODOLOGY

Optical Flat or
Lens under Reference Flat
observation

Beam
Expander
Beam Splitter 50-
50
Interferogram to
Collimated
be captured by
Beam
CCD camera and
Analyze using
MATLAB®
Scree
n
CCD

Modified version of the Fizeau

Interferometer
 Information Flow Diagram

Pre- Fourier
Inverse
Multi-
processed Transfor
regional FT
interferogra m
filtering
m from
LabVIEW If Complex If Non-Select best
Pizza- complex Phase
slice append
masks Derivative
Variance

Phase-Unwrapping using
Goldstein’s Branch Cut
Algorithm
View 3-D Lens
Surface
METHODOLO
RESULTS

Interferogr
 RESULTS

C (u, v) or C *(u, v)

Log magnitude
spectrum
 RESULTS

Multi-regional
Filtered frequency
filters
domain
 RESULTS

Wrapped
Phase
Distributi
on

Phase
Derivativ
e
Variance
 RESULTS

Wrapped Phase Branch

Phase residues cuts
Distribution
of highest
quality
 RESULTS

Wrapped phase Unwrapped

distribution phase
 RESULTS

Unwrapped
Phase

Unwrapping
 x ( x  1, yError
)  i 1, j  i , j   ix, j
 y ( x, y  1)  i , j 1  i , j   iy, j
  x y
(mean: 0.008,
max: 12.57
RESULTS
 RESULTS

Displacement
plot

Displacement
error 0.001,
(mean:
max: 0.649 μm)
 RESULTS

Interferogr Wrapped Phase

am Distribution
 RESULTS

Without mean With mean filtering

filtering Mean=0.008
 RESULTS

Phase Branch Unwrappe

residues cuts d Phase
RESULTS
 RESULTS

Displacement plo

Displacement
mean:
error 0.001,
max: 1.343 μm)
 RESULTS

 Precision and Accuracy

 ±1.343 μm (accuracy based on
unwrapping error) with mean = 0.001
μm 2 where m is the
 precision 
 Precision: m number of samples
4 nair d ( x, y ) per fringe
 ( x, y )  

   
d  z   precision  m
 4  4

d    0.158 m
4
 RESULTS

 2 N     
d  z    m
 m   4  4
 RESULTS

 Other three-dimensional surface

reconstructions
 RESULTS

 Other three-dimensional surface

reconstructions
 Conclusion
 s
Phase Measurement using the Fourier
transform method
 Multi-regional filtering for sign
ambiguity correction
 Goldstein’s branch cut algorithm,
obtained minimum PU error, 0.001
radians.
 Displacement error through
0.158 mPU error
 Displacement resolution >
 3-D Reconstruction process,
successfully implemented
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