Vo tailieuthi.

net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

Mt s by thng gp trong thi i hc

mn thi TING ANH
Ngun: http://www.forum.englishtime.us

Cho cc bn, trong cc thi t ti, i hc c nhiu cu khng kh nhng vn c

nhiu th sinh lm sai. L do l do ngi ta ci sn nhng ci by trong . Vy lm
th no trnh c chng? Ch c cch ngay t by gi hc cch thc nhn din
chng m thi. Di y l 30 ci by thong gp cng nhng b quyt tr chng :
1. He suggested going to the beach the next afternoon.
1. What about going to the beach tomorrow afternoon? He said.
2. Why dont you go to the beach tomorrow afternoon? He said.
3. Will I go to the beach tomorrow afternoon? He said.
4. Lets go to the beach in the afternoon? He said.
Khng t th sinh gp nhng cu dng ny thng chong v chng va di va
tm lum t l ht , m chong th tay chn bn rn khng cn u c minh
mn lm na. Cho nn ngay t by gi cc em phi tp lm quen v trang b v
kh tr chng, t m t tin khi lm bi.
Tr li cu cho, i vi cc dng ny cc em khng nn c tng cu v s mt
nhiu thi gian m phi bit nhn thong qua c 4 cu mt lt tm xem s khc
bit nm u.
C 4 chn la u khc nhau khc u, ring cu d khc on cui , ngay lp tc cc
em phi chp ngay ch khc nhau ny xem xt coi c loi n ra c khng.
Nhn s qua thy cc cu u trong ngoc kp, tc l cu tng thut, nhn ln thy
c the next nh vy khi cn trong ngoc n phi l tomorrow => loi cu d
Tip n ta thy cu trc : suggest + Ving l cu r r cng lm g , nhn
xung thy cu b l you lm , cu c l I lm cho nn loi ht cui cng chn cu a :
cng lm.
Cu trc cn nh :
Suggest + Ving => cu ngh c ngi ni cng lm
V d:
Mary suggested going to the cinema. Mary ngh i xem phim ( c y cng i cng
vi ngi nghe )
Suggest that S (should ) + Bare inf. => cu ngh ch c S lm ( ngi ni khng
lm)
V d:
Mary suggested Tom (should) go to the cinema. Mary ngh Tom nn i xem phim (
c y khng i cng vi ngi Tom )

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What about + Ving => cu r c ngi ni cng lm
V d:
What about going to the cinema? Cng i xem phim nh ( c y cng i cng vi
ngi nghe )
Why dont we + Bare inf. => cu r c ngi ni cng lm
Lets + Bare inf. => cu r c ngi ni cng lm
Why dont you + Bare inf. => cu ngh ch c you lm ( ngi ni khng lm)
Nm vng cch s dng cc mu ny cc em s nhanh chng loi c cc cu sai
khi gp c ni dung tng t.
2. ___________ that few buildings were left in the town.
a. Such was the strength of the earthquake
b. So strong the earthquake was
c. Such the strength of the earthquake was
d. So was the strength of the earthquake
Cu ny mi xem v cng ri m phi khng cc em?
Nhn s vo ta cng thy ngay l n thuc cu trc so..that / such ...that , nhng
thy so / such li nm u cu th cc em phi ngh ngay n cu trc o ng ca
chng, m h ni o ng l phi c "o" ci g , nhn v thy c was th cc em
phi bit loi ngay cu b v c v was nm pha sau , khng o ln .
Hai cu cn li ch cn cc em bit cng thc l so lun i vi tnh/trng t
cn such i vi danh t , d dng thy ngay cu d c so m khng c tnh/trng t nn
loi , cn li cu a
2) ___________ that few buildings were left in the town.
a. Such was the strength of the earthquake
b. So strong the earthquake was
c. Such the strength of the earthquake was
d. So was the strength of the earthquake
Tm li lm c cu dng ny cc em ch cn nm 2 nguyn tc sau:
- so/such u cu th phi c o ng
- so + tnh/trng t - such + danh t
Cc em phi luyn cch lm bi da vo cc nguyn tc cn bn nh vy ch khng
nn hc chi tit tng cht va mau qun, mt khc khi lm bi nu xt chi li s rt mt
thi gian
3.Rice is twice_______ it was ten years ago.
a. more expensive than
b. much expensive as
c. as expensive as
d. as expensive than
y l dng cho v so snh tnh t, cu trc thng ra l :
Trn ln cc cng thc vi nhau nh va c cng thc tnh t di va ngn
V d:

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more taller than ( va dng more ca tnh t di va thm er ca tnh t ngn)
Va dng so snh nht va dng so snh hn
V d:
The most beautiful than ( most ca so snh nht, than ca so snh hn)
p dng sai i tng
V d:
Among Tom, Mary and Jonh, he is taller ( so snh hn ch dng cho 2 i tng,
trong khi cu cho 3 i tng)
Sai cng thc ca cc cu trc so snh kp, so snh s lng, s ln.
Nh vy, cc em thy , ch c 1 cu n gin th thi m i hi th sinh phi nm
vng ht cc cu trc v so snh mi c th lm c.
Tr li cu nh:
- Cu a :more expensive than
tnh t di nn dng more than khng c g sai =>
- Cu b : much expensive as
so snh bng m c 1 ch as nn sai => loi
- Cu c : as expensive as
so snh bng c as ..as nn khng c g sai =>
- Cu d : as expensive than
as ca so snh bng m dng chung than ca so snh hn nn sai => loi
Nh vy cn 2 cu a v c , nhn ln cu c twice ( hai ln) ta nh ngay n cng
thc so snh s ln => dng so snh bng => chn C
Thy phn tch di dng cho cc em hiu thi ch nu vng th cc em c th lm
nhanh khi nhn ln thy twice l bit ngay so snh bng v nhn xung 4 chn la
chn ngay ra p n ng
Tm tt vn phm v so snh tnh t:
So snh bng:
as adj as
not so/as adj as
So snh hn:
Ngn: er than
Di : more ..than
So snh nht:
Ngn:the ...est
Di : the most
So snh c s ln: dng so snh bng
V d:
I am twice as heavy as you : ti nng gp i bn
So snh c s lng: dng so snh hn
V d:
I am ten kilos heavierthan you : ti nng hn bn 10kg

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4. Tom has _________ Mary.
a. twice more apples than
b. twice as many apples as
c. as many twice apples as
d. as many apples as twice
D "kinh nghim y mnh" khi bit c rng c " s ln" th phi dng so snh
bng ( loi c cu a) nhng cu ny vn cn ti 3 cu dng so snh bng ! p tay
chng ? kh kh, u d th phi khng cc em ? ch cn bit rng "s ln" ng trc
as ...as th ok lin phi khng no ? vy th cn ch g na m khng chn cu b
a. twice more apples than
b. twice as many apples as
c. as many twice apples as
d. as many apples as twice
5 .The cello is shorter and slender than the trouble bass.
The celloKh kh, cu ny cng khi ngi dnh by y !
xem cng khng thy g sai => cho qua
shortertnh t ngn so snh hn thm er => ng => cho qua
slendertng t nh trn => cho qua
the troubleba "thng" trn khng c g,
vy "thng" cui ny chc l c vn => chn !
Logic qu phi khng cc em ? nhng hi i, dnh by ri !
Vn l ch ch slender khng phi l so snh tnh t ( khng phi tnh
t slend + er ) m c ch slender l mt tnh t bnh thng cha c so snh g c, nu
mun so snh th phi thnh slenderer mi ng, vy ra l sai ch ny y, rt kinh
nghim nh
5) The cello is shorter and slender than the trouble bass.
Cn mt ci na m nhiu em hay thc mc l dng much more c ng khng,
dng more ( so snh ca much) ri m sao cn much na ? thc s much ng
trc morel ch mc nhiu hay t ca "s hn".
V d:
I am much more beautiful than you ( ti p hn bn nhiu)
Chc cc em vng vng v my "ci v" so snh ny nh !
6. I would like to go to school as the one my sister goes to.
a s cc em khi lm cu ny hay chn c hoc d , v the one thy cng hi "k k",
cn cu d th cng " nghi nghi" ch ch to. Cng c em xem xt ch as nhng v
"vng l thuyt" nn thy khng c g sai. L thuyt c bn v dng as l : sau n l
mnh , m thy c goes nn l mnh ri !
Theo "thng k" th c 60% chn c , 20% chn d, 10% chn a v 10% chn b

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L lun ca h l :
60% chn c : thy 3 ci kia khng c g sai v c th cng hi ...l
20% chn d : nghi ci ch to
10% chn a : sau like phi dng Ving
v 10% chn b : 5% "chn i" v 5% hiu bi
P N: cu b ( as => like)
Cu a sai v sau would like dng to inf l ng . nhiu em khng ch phn bit
gia like v would like : sau like mi c th i vi Ving cn would like th khng th
n ca : i hi th sinh khng nhng bit cch phn bit v s dng as - like m
cn phi bit phn tch cu trc cu, nhn ra mt mnh quan h ngay khi n b lc
b i t quan h ( ci ny mi kh )
Cc em thy y, thi i hc thng rt hc ba, n thng kt hp 2 cu trc vn
phm trong mt cu . Tr li bi, nh ni s trn as thng i vi mnh ,
mi nhn ta thy c goes to tng l mnh nhng tht ra sau as ch l mt danh t (
the one) cn my sister goes to ch l mt mnh quan h b ngha cho the one m
thi, vit y l : the one that my sister goes to.
Cu trc cn nh :
Phn bit like - as
1) Nu pha sau c mnh
- Dng as
2) Nu pha sau khng c mnh
- Dng like vi ngha : ging nh
- Dng as vi ngha : tht s l
Nh vy cc em cng thy l nu pha sau c mnh th d ri v ch c 1 chn la,
nhng khng c mnh th rt kh v c as v like u c kh nng s dng ty theo
ngha.
V d:
He climbed up the tree like a monkey ( anh ta leo ln cy nh kh ) => vic leo ca
anh ta ging con kh ch bn thn anh ta khng phi l ...kh !
He worked in that company as an engineer ( anh ta lm k s trong cng ty ) =>
anh ta lm k s thit ch khng phi ging.
3) Mt s cm thnh ng cn nh:
Look like : trng ging nh
Sound like : nghe c v nh
As usual : nh thng l
As always : nh mi khi
Work as + ngh : lm ngh
Be used as : c dng lm
such as : nh l
like father like son : cha no con ny
The same as : ging

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7. That we need to increase our sales are clear; what is not so clear is how we can
best carry out it
Cu ny th cc em th sinh d chn C v thy n phc tp , k n cng c th chn A
v thy that u cu k qu , tuy nhin p n l B ( are => is )
Gii thch:
Mnh danh t That we need to increase our sales lun c ng t l s t
Cu trc cn nh:
Khi ch t l mnh danh t, to inf. , Ving th ng t lun s t.
v d:
What he says is true.
Where She has gone is unknown.
To see is to believe.
Learning English is difficult.
8. __________ your brother, who has worked for that company for 10 years, contract
his travel agent, he may get a much better fare.
(A) if (B) unless (C) should (D) had
Cu ny mi nhn vo cng thy l c ni dung kim tra v cu iu kin.
Cu D dng had l cu loi 3, ta d dng loi c ngay. Tuy nhin 3 cu cn li kh
rc ri, i hi phi dch ngha mi phn bit c gia if v unless. Nu cc em ngi
m dch ngha th ... trng k ngi ra ri ! v cho d cui cng cc em
chn if hay unless th cng ...trt lt ! Ngi ra , trong cu ny khng kim tra v
ngha m v vn phm. Cu C l chnh xc, bi v ng t trong mnh
l contract, khng thm s d ch t ca n l ngi th 3 s t ( your brother) do
phi hiu l trc n c should nhng do o ng nn nm trc ch t.
Cu trc cn nh :
Thng thng theo cng thc cu iu kin cc em khng thy c should nhng
thc t trnh nng cao ngi ta vn dng should cho nn nu cc em khng
nm ch ny th d loi cu no c should. Ngoi ra ngi ta cn kt hp vi vic
o ng lm cho phc tp thm. Cha ht, trong cu ny ngi ta chen vo mt
mnh quan h lm ch t v ng t trong cu xa nhau nhm lm cho th
sinh kh nhn ra s mu thun ca ch t s t v ng t khng thm s.
9. We are not permitted entering the factory after 6 P.M. without authorization
Cu ny thy ni ngay l p n b nhng nhiu em vn "ly lm ngc nhin" v "theo
nh hc" th ng t theo sau permit phi thm ing cho nn cu trn ch l
ng ch u c g sai ?
y l li thng gp khi cc em hc cha "n ni n chn" . Khi chia ng t , ta
lun phi xem n thuc mu no : VOV ( hai ng t cch nhau bng mt tc t) hay
V V ( hai ng t ng k nhau khng c tc t gia). i vi mu V V thng
thng cc ng t permit, allow, recommend .... s c theo sau bi mt Ving. "U
vy cu trn cng ng ch sau thy ? " t t cc em ! th xem l mu g nh :
l mu VOV !

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Thit m ! nhng bi v l b ng nn ci O b em ra thnh S ri nn ta thy n
ging V V vy thi, xem th v d nh:
I allowed him to go out.
Mu VOV nn dng to inf. ( ok ch ? )
Th i thnh b ng xem:
He was allowed to go out.
Kh kh, khng c g ngc nhin ch cc em ?
Cu trc cn nh :
Khi thy cc ng t i vi ving nhng m b ng th sau n phi l to inf.

10. Tom has not completed the assignment yet, and _______
a. Mary has, too.
b. Mary hasn't either.
c. Neither hasn't Mary.
d. So has Mary.
Cu ny d m cng kh. Kh l i vi nhng ngi khng bit cng thc "cng
vy, cng khng", cn d l nhng ngi bit cng thc .
Ni tm li lun th ny: Nu cc em thy ng trc c not th ch c php
dng neither hoc either m thi, cn ngc li ng trc khng c not th ch c
dng so, too m thi.
Ti y cc em loi c cu a v d ri nh, cn b v c th nh l neither bn thn
n mang ngha "not' trong nn khng dng not na. Vy l p n r : cu b
a. Mary has, too.
b. Mary hasn't either.
c. Neither hasn't Mary.
d. So has Mary.
Cu trc cn nh :
Too - so : cng vy
Dng trong cu xc nh.
Cng thc :
Cu xc nh, S [] , too
Cu xc nh, so [] S
[] : l ng t t bit, hoc tr ng t (nhn cu u )
I am a teacher, so is he ( ti l gio vin, anh ta cng vy )
I am a teacher, he is, too
Ghi ch : cu u c to be nn cu sau cng dng to be
He likes dogs, so do I
He likes dogs, I do, too (anh ta thch ch, ti cng vy )
Ghi ch :

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Cu u khng c ng t t bit, cu sau phi mon tr ng t.
Neither - either : cng khng
Dng trong cho ph nh
Cng thc :
Cu ph nh, neither [] S
Cu ph nh, S [] not either
[] : ging nh trn
I don't like dogs, neither does he
I don't like dogs, he does not either (ti khng thch ch, anh ta cng khng )
11) It was in this house _______ he was born.
a. which
b. in which
c. that
d. where
i vi cu ny, a s cc em khi lm bi thng chn b hoc d v nhn pha sau
thy was born => sinh ra th phi mt ni chn no ch !

M nu d vy th

l thi lp 10 ri ch u phi t ti, i hc phi khng cc em ?

Tht ra, n gi by ch mnh u: It was in the house, nu ta
chn where hoc in which th nhn mnh sau c v hp l => mnh quan h.
Tuy nhin nu l mnh quan h th khi xem xt v ngha ca ton cu ta s thy c
vn . Th tch 2 cu ra xem nh:
It was in this house. I was born in it.
It cu u mang ngha g ? "n" chng ? "n" no ? "n" no trong cn nh ? m
h qu phi khng ? cu hp l dng mnh quan h s l :
This was the house. I was born in it.
Khi y lc ni cu s thnh: This was the house in which I was born.
Vy cu trc trn l g mi hp l? l: cu ch !( it was ...that...)
Khi cu cha b "ch" l :
I was born in this house.
Mun nhn mnh cm "in this house" ta ch vic em n t vo gia "it was ...that.."
l xong
Cui cng ta c p n:
It was in this house _______ he was born.
a. which
b. in which
c. that
d. where
Cu trc cn nh :
Khi thy u cu c IT th coi chng l cu trc cu ch, t chn THAT

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12) "will you please water the plants while I am away?"
a.He begged me to water the plants while he was away
b.He persuaded me to water the plants while he was away
c. He asked me to water the plants while he was away
d. He wanted to know if I would water the plants while he was away
Hm nay chng ta "lm vic" vi cu tng thut th xem sao nh
Nhn v thy cu hi , lic xung thy cu D c if nn chn ngay ! nhng .... sai bt
ri ! K vy ta ? hng l y l dng cu mnh lnh ? chc vy v c ch please ,
nhng dm qua 3 p n cn li u ...ung mu mnh lnh mi cht ch ! Vn l
"" ca cu "mun" g
Cu a : beg = van ni
Cu b : persuade = thuyt phc
Cu c : ask = ku , bo, yu cu ...
Nu chu kh phn tch nh th th th cc em cng khng my kh khn tm ra
p n l cu C phi khng ?
Cu trc cn nh :
Khi lm cu tng thut m gp cu c du chm hi th phi xem xt cho k xem c
phi cu hi hay l cu mnh lnh, cu ngh "n" m chn p n ph hp
13) The police made the boat turn back.
a.The boat was made turn back by the police.
b.The boat was made turning back by the police.
c. The boat was made to turn back by the police.
d. The boat made to turn back by the police.
Mi v ta c th loi ngay cu d bng 2 l lun sau:
- Nhn a,b,c u c o u ging nhau : The boat was made , ch c cu d l khc nn
theo phng php "khc th loi" . Tuy nhin phng php ny khng bo m lm,
ch p dng khi lm khng kp gi
- Thy "the boat" l tc t cu m cc chn la li ly ra lm ch t nn bit ngay
l cu trc b ng, m b ng th phi c to be nhng cu d li khng c nn loi.
Trong 3 cu cn li cc th sinh rt d chn cu a v thy n ng vi cu trc b
ng, tuy nhin p n li l cu C. L khng nh ? t nhin thm to vo ?
S thc l vy, nh th mi gi l by !

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Cu trc cn nh :
Mu V O V
L dng 2 ng t cch nhau bi 1 tc t, ta gi V th nht l V1 v V th 2
l V2, i vi mu ny ta phn lm cc hnh thc sau:
a) Bnh thng khi gp mu VOV ta c vic chn V1 lm b ng nhng quan trng
l :V2 l bare.inf. th khi i sang b ng phi i sang to inf. (tr 1 trng hp
duy nht khng i l khi V1 l ng t LET )
V d:
They made me go
=> I was made to go. ( i go nguyn mu thnh to go )
They let me go.
=> I was let go. ( vn gi nguyn go v V1 l let )
14) We are kept ______ by the sun.
a.warm
b. warmly
c. most warmly
d. more warm
Cu ny mi nhn vo cng tng d v thy sau ng t th phi dng trng t v
chn cu b. Tuy nhin ( li tuy nhin ! ) "s i" u n gin th ! nht l my cu
trong i hc
Cu a mi l p n chnh xc. C l khng khi m tnh t i vi ng t ? khng l
nu ta bit rng c nhng mu cu nh vy. ng ra khi ch ng th ta d thy hn:
The sun keeps us warm.
Cng thc : keep + O + adj th chc cc em khng l , nhng ngi ta i sang b
ng d "d" cc th sinh vo by y m
Cu trc cn nh :
Mu cu : V + O + adj khi i sang b ng s thy tnh t ng k bn ng t, cc
v d thng gp ca mu ny l :
Can you push the door open?
The cat licked the saucer clean.
He set the bird free.
The cold weather is turning the leaves yellow.
The pain drove her almost mad.
You've made your shoes muddy
15) What kind of film do you prefer ______ TV ?
a.in
b.on
c. to
d. at
Cu ny khi lm bi thng kt qu ngc i th ny: cc th sinh "hi d d" th
lm ng cn cc th sinh "hi gii gii" th li lm sai !

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"Hi gii gii" tc l bit c ng t prefer hay i vi TO, cn "hi d d" tc l
khng bit iu m ch bit TV i sau gii t ON ( li ng kiu "n may" mi
cht ! )
Vy vn l lm sao bit ch l thuc vo ch no : prefer hay TV ?
Mun hiu r cc em phi nm vng kin thc v s dng prefer ....to .......... ( thch
..hn ....) t xt vo ngha cu c th . Cu trn khng c ngha ...thch hn TV m
l : thch loi phim g trn TV nn khng th s dng to c.
Kinh nghim cn nh :
Khng hp tp lm, khi cha xem xt ht ngha ca cu.
Cu trc cn nh :
Prefer + Ving / N + TO +Ving / N ( thch .....hn ....)
16)Tom has two brothers, both of them are married.
a.has
b.both
c. them
d. married
Nhiu em khi gp cu ny nhn mi chng tm ra li sai ch no c
M cng ng thit nu ch phn tch tng mnh , c g sai u! Nhng nhn tng
hp th thy sai ....du phy ! th ra nguyn tc vn phm khng cho php 2 cu ni
nhau bng du phy. Nhng cu trn ngi ta khng gch di du phy th lm sao
y? phi tm cch bin cu sau thnh mnh ph ca cu trc thi: both of them
=> both ofwhom . Vy l chng thnh mnh quan h ri nh => ng ng php.
Tom has two brothers, both of them are married.
a.has
b.both
c. them
d. married
Cu trc cn nh :
Hai cu khng c ni nhau bng du phy.
17)There are many people______ lives have been spoilt by that factory.
a.whom
b.who
c. whose
d. when
Cu ny khng my kh nhng khng t th sinh li lm sai v ch quan khng xem
k, c ngh lives l ng t nn chn p n b. who
Tht ra lives y l danh t s nhiu ca life ( nu ngi ta cho s t :life th c l
khng ai sai), ch ny li t gp m ng t live li gp nhiu nn c tng lives l
ng t. Nu em no k nhn tip pha sau thy c have been th chc cng thy ra

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vn , bit lives l danh t v chn whose.
p n
There are many people______ lives have been spoilt by that factory.
a.whom
b.who
c. whose
d. when
Kinh nghim cn nh :
Khng hp tp lm, chu kh nhn rng ra ht cu xem c g c bit khng.
Cu trc cn nh :
Whose lun km theo danh t pha sau
18) ______ goods were sent to the exhibition.
A. a great deal of
B. a large number of
C. much
D. most of
Cu ny kim tra th sinh v kin thc dng cc ch ch nh lng nh : most, much,
many, a lot of, a number of ....mun lm c cc em phi hiu r cng thc dng
ca tng nhm, hm nay hc ngc nh: hc trc cng thc ri lm bi sau
Cu trc cn nh :
y l nhng t ch nh lng nh: some (mt vi), all (tt c), most (hu ht), a lot
of ( nhiu), a number of ( mt s) ....
Ta c th chia t ch nh lng ra lm 2 nhm
NHM 1 : Bao gm nhng ch sau:
SOME, ALL, MOST, MANY, MUCH, HALF...
Nhm ny c th i vi N m c th c OF hoc khng c OF
Cng thc nh sau:
C OF C THE KHNG OF KHNG THE
Tc l khi ta thy danh t pha sau c THE (hoc s hu hay mt ch nh t :this,
that ...) th ta phi dng vi OF
V d:
Most of books (sai) => c of m trc danh t books khng c the hay g c
Most the books (sai) => khng c of m trc danh t books li c the
Most of the books (ng) => c of c the
Ghi ch :
- Ring i vi ch ALL c th lc b OF
V d:

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All of the books
= all the books ( lc b of)
- Nu pha sau l i t (them, it....) th phi dng OF m khng c the
V d:
Most them (sai)
Most the them (sai)
Most of them (ng)
NHM 2 : Bao gm nhng ch sau (u c ngha l: nhiu)
A great/good deal of
A large number of
A lot of
Lots of
CNG THC:
LUN LUN I VI DANH T ( DANH T khng c "the" )
V d:
A large number of the books are....(sai) => d ch "the"
I eat a large number of (sai) => khng c danh t pha sau
A large number of books are..(ng)
Ring A lot of v a great deal th c cng thc ring l :
C OF C NOUN KHNG OF KHNG NOUN
V d:
I read a lot of. (sai) => c of m khng c danh t
I read a lot of books. (ng) =>c of c danh t
I read a lot .(ng) => khng of th khng c danh t
Tr li bi lm nh:
______ goods were sent to the exhibition.
a.a great deal of
b. a large number of
c. much
d. many of
Cc em thy danh t pha sau l goods ( c s) nn bit l danh t m c s nhiu
nn loi c a v c ( gp ch deal l dng cho danh t khng m c
nh, much cng vy ), tip theo xt cu d : many thuc nhm 1 (
c of c the khng of khng the) nhn ln cu trc goods khng c g c nn loi
lun cu d. Cn li cu b : a large number of thuc nhm 2 ( c of c N - N khng
c the ) => ng vn phm.
Kinh nghim cn nh :
Deal, much : i vi danh t khng m c s t
Many, a number : i vi danh t m c s nhiu
19) I have just given the dog______ it wanted.
a. which

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b.about which
c. what
d. who
Cu ny cng l mt ci by y ! nhiu em khng ngn ngi chn ngay cu a :
which ( khng chng cn tm tm ci, ni sao cho d qu ! )
Tht ra cu ny ngi ta mun kim tra th sinh v s phn bit gia which v what v
cu b v d nhn v l thy khng ng ri.
Mun phn bit gia 2 ch ny cc em lm nh sau:
- Nu trc ch cn in l ng t th khng dng which c m phi dng what (
v which l i t quan h phi ng sau danh t)
V d:
This is _____ you like.
Trc ch trng l is (ng t) nn ch c th dng what m khng th dng which.
Nu trc ch cn in l danh t th cc em phi dch ngha nh sau:
- Nu ta dch ch trng l "m" thy hp ngha th dng which, cn dch "ci
m" th dng what.
Xt bi tp trn nh:
I have just given the dog______ it wanted.
Ti va mi cho con ch m n thch => khng hp ngha => khng
dng which c.
Ti va mi cho con ch ci m n thch => hp ngha => dng what c.
V d khc:
This is _____ you like.
y l m bn thch => khng hp ngha => khng dng which c.
y l ci m bn thch => hp ngha => dng what c.
V d khc:
This is the book _____ you like.
y l quyn sch m bn thch => hp ngha => dng which c.
y l quyn sch ci m bn thch => khng hp ngha => khng dng what c.
Hy vng qua bi ny cc em s khng cn ln ln gia what v which na.
20)Which one would you like to have?_____of them is OK, I think.
A. Both
B. None
C. Neither
D. Either
Trong 4 chn la A,B,C,D nu xt v vn phm th u i c vi of them, cho nn
vn cn li quyt nh ng sai l ng t theo sau (is).
Both lun i vi s nhiu nn ta c th loi c. Cn li 3 chn la, ta phi xem xt
v ngha.
None : khng c ci no ( trong tng s 3 ci tr ln)
Neither : khng c ci no ( trong tng s 2 ci )

Vo tailieuthi.net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

Nhn li cu hi: Bn mun ci no? hon ton khng c thng tin g v tng s lng
l 2 hay trn 2 ( n y nu chu kh suy lun ta cng thy l c th loi c 2 phng
n ny theo nguyn tc "c 2 u ng = l c 2 u sai"
Chn la cui cng l either, ch ny mang 2 ngha : mt (trong 2 ) v c 2
Cui cng ta th xem xt ngha :
Chn B. None
Bn mun ci no? - Ti ngh khng c ci no c c.
Chn C. Neither
Bn mun ci no? - Ti ngh khng c ci no c c.
Chn D. Either
Bn mun ci no? - Ti ngh ci no cng c c.
Ta thy cu no cng nghe c ht nhng c 2 l do chn D
- B,C ging nhau nn loi
- Trong cu hi c "chn ci no" th phi u tin "ci no cng c"
Cc em thy y, nhiu cu khng kh nhng li kh lm v chng c "man mn"
nhau.
Cu trc cn nh :
None : khng c ci no ( trong tng s 3 tr ln)
Neither : khng c ci no ( trong tng s 2 )
Both : tt c ( trong tng s 2 )
All : tt c ( trong tng s 3 tr ln)
Either : mt ( trong tng s 2 ), c hai
One : mt ( trong tng s 3 tr ln)
21 )_____behind goverment secrecy for nearly haft a certury, the Hanford plant in
central Wahsington produced plutonium for the nuclear weapons of the Cold War " A.
it is hidden
B. Hidden
C. Which is hidden
D. the plant is hiding
Thng gp cu ny cc em s thy bi ri v c xu hng tm xem ch cn cu
trc g ? ch ng hay b ng? c be hay khng ? ...v.v Trong khi ca ngi ra
hon ton khng phi nh vy ! Cch lm cu ny cc k n gin m chng cn dch
mt ch no, cng chng cn xem xt ch ng, b ng g ht ! cc em ch cn bit
mt iu ( v thy - v bit m khng thy p dng cng nh khng ) l :
"Du phy khng th ni 2 cu " . By gi th cc em thy du phy ri ch ? vy
th d dng loi ngay : A,D v chng l cu, cn cu C th l mnh quan h khng
th ng u cu, cn li B ng nhin l ng
Kinh nghim cn nh :

Vo tailieuthi.net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

Nn c ci nhn ton din trong cu tm ra ca ngi ra , trnh b sa vo ch
khng cn thit.
Cu trc cn nh :
"Du phy khng th ni 2 cu "
22) "______ raw material into useful products is called manufacturing"
A.Transform
B.Transforming
C.Being transformed
D.When transforming
Nhn trong cu c ng t is, nh vy cm ng t pha trc lm ch t, m ng t
mun lm ch t ch c th 1 trong 2 hnh thc sau: To inf. hoc Ving => p n l
cu B
Cu trc cn nh :
NG T NG U CU
V u cu c th cc dng sau: to-inf , Ving , p.p, bare-inf.
+ Ving : vi 2 trng hp sau:
1) Cm hin ti phn t ;
Seeing the dog, I ran away (thy con ch, ti b chy )
Cch nhn dng :
Ch l mt cm ng t, khng c chia th - cui cm lun c du phy
2) Ving lm ch t :
Studying English is difficult (vic hc TA th kh )
Studying English l ch t ca is
Cch nhn dng :
Sau cm t lun c ng t chia th
+ To-inf.
to-inf lm ch t :
Tng t nh ving lm ch t
To study English is difficult
Cch nhn dng :
Ging nh Ving lm ch t ( hai cu trc ny c th thay th nhau.)
+P.P
Mang ngha b ng
Built in 1900, the house is now still in good condition.
( c xy vo nm 1900, cn nh gi y vn cn tt)
Cch nhn dng :
Ch l mt cm ng t, khng c chia th - cui cm lun c du phy - ngha b
ng
+Bare-inf:
Duy nht mt trng hp l cu mnh lnh

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Take it right away! (ly n ngay!)
Cch nhn dng :
Pha sau ton b cu khng c ng t chia th, thng c du chm cm cui.
23 ) That's really an ________ man. He tells very good jokes.
A. amused
B. amusing
C. amusedly
D. amusingly
Mi nhn v cc em cng loi c C v D v chng l trng t khng th ng
trc danh t. Cn li 2 chn la m chng khc nhau ch tn cng thm ing v ed .
My ci v ed v ing ny cng rc ri lm y. trnh cp 3 tr xung th cc em
ch cn bit : nu pha sau c danh t th dng Ing nhng y l luyn thi i hc,
kh hn nhiu i hi ngi lm bi phi c kin thc su rng. Nu em kin thc
vo cu ny th tiu ngay. Cu ny phi chn p n B v danh t man l ch th
tc ng ln cc i tng khc ch khng phi b tc ng.Tc l anh ta lm cho
ngi khc vui ci ( bng chng l cu sau : anh ta k chuyn ci rt hay)
Nhng tnh t loi ny ti gi l "tnh t hai mt ", cc em xem phn tm tt di y
nh:
Cu trc cn nh :
TNH T HAI MT
L nhng tnh t tn cng bng : "ING" hoc "ED"
Lm sao bit tnh t no tnh t hai mt, tnh t no l tnh t thng ?
Tnh t 2 mt bao gm nhng tnh t mang ngha ch v trng thi tnh cm ca con
ngi nh :ngc nhin, lo lng, hi lng...
CCH DNG:
Khi no dng mt "ING" khi no dng mt"ED" ?
- Nu pha sau c danh t vt th dng "ING":
V d:
This is a boring film.(pha sau c danh t film l vt)
- Nu pha sau c danh t ngi:
Th phi xem xt ngi l ch th tc ng ln ngi khc hay b tc ng.
Nu l ch th tc ng ln ngi khc: dng "ING"
V d:
That's really a worrying boy. He sometimes steals things from the others.( thc s
l 1 thng b chuyn lm cho mi ngi lo lng. N thnh thong hay chm ngi
ta)=> bn thn n chng lo lng m li lm cho ngi khc lo lng v n.
Nu l ch th b tc ng: dng "ED"
V d:
That's a worried boy. He has just stolen things from his father.( l 1 thng b ang
lo lng. N va mi chm ba n ) => bn thn n ang lo lng.

Vo tailieuthi.net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

- Nu pha sau khng c danh t th nhn pha trc : nu gp vt th dng "ING" nu
gp ngi th dng xem xt ch ng hay b ng nh cch thc bn trn.
V d:
The book is very interesting .(pha trc c book - vt)
I found the book very interesting.(chn ch book khng chn ch I v ch book
gn hn )
He is very interested in games.(pha trc c he )- ngi - ngi b games lm cho
thch th => b tc ng)
Mt s tnh t hai mt thng gp:
SURPRISING/ED
BORING/ED
EXCITED/ING
SHOCKING/ED
INTERESTING/ED
DISAPPOINTING/ED
TIRED/ING
SATISFYING/ED
WORRYING/WORRIED
PLEASING/ED
EMBARRASSING/ED
AMAZING/ED
FRIGHTENING/ED
ANNOYING/ED
EXHAUSTING/ED
DEPRESSING/ED
TERRIFYING/TERRIFIED
HORRIFYING/HORRIFIED
IRRITATING/ED
AMUSING/ED
ASTONISHING/ED
ENCOURAGING/ED
THRILLING/ED
FASCINATING/ED
24) When he arrived, a crowd ________ for several hours to greet him.
A. had been waiting
B. is waiting
C. has been waiting
D. was waiting

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Cu ny chc cc em cng d dng loi c B v C ri nhng ci by y chnh l
cu D . Thng thng thy c when, cc em d suy din l trng hp 2 hnh
ng ct ngang nhau v dng qu kh tip din, nhng p n cu ny l A .Lm sao
phn bit c khi no dng qu kh tip din v qu kh hon thnh ( tip din) ?
cc em xem bi vit di y nh.
Cu trc cn nh :
Khi lin t when ni 2 mnh , trong c 1 mnh chia qu kh n th mnh
cn li s thuc cc trng hp sau:
- Hai hnh ng lin tc nhau. => dng qu kh n
V d:
When I went home, I opened the door.( khi ti v nh, ti m ca) => 2 hnh ng
lin tc nhau.
- Hai hnh ng ct ngang nhau. => dng qu kh tip din.
V d:
When I arrived home, she was having dinner.( khi ti v nh, c y ang n ti) =>
hnh ng "n" ct ngang hnh ng "n".
- Hai hnh ng trc sau. => dng qu kh hon thnh (nu nhn mnh s lin tc
th dng qu kh hon thnh tip din )
V d:
When I arrived home, she had had / had been having dinner for ten minutes.( khi ti
v n nh, th c y n ti c 10 pht) => hnh ng "n" hon tt c 10
pht khi hnh ng "n" xy ra.
Du hiu nhn bit l : for + khong thi gian, already, just ( already v just th
khng dng qu kh hon thnh tip din)
V d:
When I arrived home, she had just had dinner.( khi ti v n nh, th c y va mi
n ti xong)
When I arrived home, she had had dinner already.( khi ti v n nh, th c y n
ti xong ri)
25) The coffee was too hot for me to drink.
A. The coffee is so hot that I can't drink.
B. The coffee is so hot that I can't drink it.
C. The coffee was so hot that I can't drink.
D. The coffee was so hot that I can't drink it.
Ch cn p dng nguyn tc "bo ton th" l ta c th loi c A,B ( cu qu kh
trong khi 2 chn la ny l hin ti).
Xt tip 2 chn la cn li ta thy chng khc nhau ch mt ch l c it v khng
c it cui.
By y l cu khng c it nhng p n li phi c it ! Mun hiu c ti sao
li "qui " nh vy th cc em phi nm vng cch dng ca cc cu trc enough, too
... to...., enough, too ... to....,

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Cu trc cn nh :
Vi cu trc enough, too ... to....th nu ch t v tc t ging nhau th khng ghi li
tc t.
v d:
The coffee was very hot. I could not drink it.
=> The coffee was too hot for me to drink. ( b it v it = coffee)
Vi cu trc so ..that.., such ...that th ngc li phi gi nguyn tc t, cho nn lu
khi chuyn t cu trc enough, too ... to...., sangso ..that.., such ...that ,ta phi "tr" li
tc t (nu c ) .
Vy th cc em bit l do ti sao li xut hin ch it trong bi tp trn ri ch ?
The coffee was too hot for me to drink.
A. The coffee is so hot that I can't drink.
B. The coffee is so hot that I can't drink it.
C. The coffee was so hot that I couldn't drink.
D. The coffee was so hot that I couldn't drink it.
26) Once known as the "Golden State" because of its gold miner,_______________
A. North California today mines fewer metallic minerals
B. fewer metallic minerals are mined in North California today
C. there are fewer metallic minerals mined in North California
D. today in California fewer metallic minerals are mined
Cu ny nu khng thy c "" ca ngi ra giu trong y th cc em d lng
tng v lm sai. Ch cn cc em nm vng nguyn tc di y th ch cn lic s qua
l ra p n ngay
Cu trc cn nh :
Khi gp cm phn t u cu th t hiu l ch t ca cu sau cng chnh l ch
t ca ng t trong cm phn t .
Cm phn t bao gm:
- Hin ti phn t : mang ngha ch ng, dng Ving
- Qa kh phn t : mang ngha b ng, dng P.P
V d :
Seeing the dog, I ran away. (Thy con ch ti b chy) => t hiu ch t ca ng t
"thy" ( see) l "ti" (I)
Given a new hat, Mary felt happy. ( c cho ci nn mi, Mary thy vui) => t hiu
l ch t ca ng t "c cho" ( given) l Mary.
Tr li bi cc em thy ng t known ( c bit n ) l bt u cm qu kh
phn t, cho nn ta bit ch t ca n cng chnh l ch t cu sau, m ngay trong cu
u cc em thy c t "its" ( ca n ) th cng d cho ta suy ra rng ch t cu sau
phi l s t, m c ba chn la B,C,D u c ng t "are" nn loi ht ! cn li A ,
d hn ?

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Once known as the "Golden State" because of its gold miner,_______________
A. North California today mines fewer metallic minerals
B. fewer metallic minerals are mined in North California today
C. there are fewer metallic minerals mined in North California
D. today in California fewer metallic minerals are mined
27) I usually go to work ________ bus but today I'll go ________ my motorbike..
A. on/on
B. by/on
C. on/by
D. by/by
Cu ny khng t cc em b dnh by khi chn cu D ( c thy phng tin i li l
dng by ht). Tht ra p n l cu B.
Cu trc cn nh :
- Nu ni n phng tin i li chung chung th dng by ( tr : on foot, on
horse's back)
- Nu ni n phng tin c th ca ai th dng on.
28) ________ of the solar system began in the 19th century.
A. Explore
B. Exploring
C. Exploratory
D. Exploration
Cu ny chc cc em cng loi c A v C, cn li 2 cu kia u thy c l v mt
ch l danh ng t mt ch l danh t. Hai loi t ny cch dng khc nhau ra sao?
Cu trc cn nh :
Danh ng t v mang trong n chc nng ca ng t nn pha sau n c th c
tc t i lin k
V d:
I think of studying English. => English l tc t ca studying
Danh t v trong n khng c chc nng ca ng t nn pha sau n phi c
gii t ri mi ti danh t th hai.
V d:
I think of the study of English. => study l danh t nn phi c gii t of
Tr li bi ta thy c of nn khng th dng Ving ( lu cc ng t lun c gii
t theo sau th li l trng hp khc ) => chn D . Nu cu m dng Ving th phi
vit li nh sau:
Exploring the solar system began in the 19th century
29) "Let's go for a walk in the park," said Andrew.
A. Andrew suggested going for a walk in the park.
B. Andrew suggested that they go for a walk in the park.
C. Andrew suggested that they should go for a walk in the park.
D. All are corect.

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Thng th nu khng vng cu trc s d chn cu A, cu A th khng c g sai
nhng c B v C cng ng nn p n l D.
Cu trc cn nh :
- Suggest + Ving : ngh cng lm g
- Suggest that S (should ) + Bare inf. ( c should hoc khng cng nh nhau )
(Xem thm li ti cu s 1 )
30 ) Do you know that Alice is married ______ a singer ?
A. __
B. with
C. to
D. for
Thng th theo ting Vit cc em d chn B (with ), cn em no nh "mang mng"
th chn C (khng in g c )
Ch c em no bit cch dng ch ny th mi chn ng : C (to)
Cu trc cn nh :
Be married to sb ( c be c to )
How long have you been married to her ?
Marry sb ( khng c be khng to )
She married a rich doctor.
31) Thank you very much. It's very________ you to help me.
A. good with
B. good of
C. good for
D. good about
Cu ny a s cc em s chn C (good for) v ngh rng good thng i vi 1 trong 2
gii t l at v for, m trong y khng c at nn an tm chn for. Phm sai lm ny
bi v cc em khng nm vng cu trc sau y:
Cu trc cn nh :
Trong cu trc dng vi ch t gi it, cn phn bit 2 loi sau:
1) It is + Adj + for sb + to inf.
It is very difficult for me to answer this question. ti thy kh m tr li cu hi
ny
2) It is + Adj of sb to inf.
It is very kind of you to help me. ( bn rt tt bng khi gip ti )
Vn rc ri y l lm sao phn bit gia 2 mu ny ( for sb v of sb )
Dng of khi no tnh t trong ni v nhn xt ca ngi ngoi v t cht ca
ngi thc hin hnh ng nh : ng ngn ( silly ), ngu ( stupid), ho phng (
generous) , tt bng ( kind), thng minh ( intelligent)....
Dng for khi no tnh t trong ni ln cm gic ca chnh ngi thc hin

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hnh ng .
V d:
It is very generous of you to give me a lot of money. ( bn rt ho phng khi cho
ti nhiu tin )
=> y l nhn xt ca ngi ti v bn thng qua hnh ng bn lm
It is very difficult for me to answer this question. ti thy kh m tr li cu hi
ny
=> Khi tr li cu hi ny ti cm thy rt kh khn
32) They are looking for a _______ girl named Mary.
A. ten-year-old
B. ten-years-old
C. ten's years old
D. ten years of age
Cu ny a s cc em s chn B v ngh rng ten ( mi tui) th l s
nhiu nn years phi c s. Phm sai lm ny bi v cc em khng nm vng cu trc
sau y:
Cu trc cn nh :
Tnh t ghp:
Cng thc:
S m - danh t ( cc ch thuc tnh t ghp u c gch ni v c bit l
danh t KHNG THM S )
V d:
A four-seat car : 1 chic xe 4 ch ngi
A ten-dollar note : 1 t giy bc 10
A 50-year-old man : 1 ngi n ng 50 tui
Nh vy p n chnh xc l cu A
A. ten-year-old
B. ten-years-old
C. ten's years old
D. ten years of age
33) He had such little money that he couldn't buy a train ticket.
A. such little
B. couldn't
C. buy
D. train ticket
Cu nyc th cc em s lng tng v thy ch no cng ng.
Little i vi danh t khng m c money => khng c g sai.
Such i vi danh t + that cng ng cng thc lun
Couldn't l qu kh cng hp vi v u.
C v D cng u c g sai ?
ng l khng nhn thy vn th lm g cng kh. Xem cu trc bn di nh:

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Cu trc cn nh :
SO ...THAT( qu .... n ni)
CNG THC :
SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + clause
He is so strong that he can lift the box.( anh ta qu khe n ni c th nhc ci hp)
He ate so much food that he became ill.
SUCH...THAT (qu... n ni )
Cng thc :
SUCH (a/an) + adj + N + THAT + clause
He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him. Anh ta l cu b qu li n ni khng
ai thch.
He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to put them.
Nhng iu lu :
- Gia so v that l tnh t hoc trng t.
- Gia such v that l tnh t + danh t
Nhng nu trc danh t l : much, many, little, few th li dng so ch khng
phi dng such:
So + (much, many, little, few) + N that ....
V d:
->He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them.
Nh vy p n l cu A:
A. such little => so little
B. couldn't
C. buy
D. train ticket
34)________ test was given, our class leader managed to get good marks.
A. Whenever
B. Whatever
C. However
D. Wherever
Nu khng rnh v cu trc " ch hi + ever" ny th cc em ch cn nc chn theo
...linh cm thi !
Nu em no bit v cu trc " ch hi + ever" vi ngha " bt c.." th s dch cc
chn la trn ln lt theo ngha nh sau:
- Bi kim tra c cho bt c khi no, th g lp trng ca ti cng lm c im
cao.
- Bi kim tra cho ra bt c ci g, th g lp trng ca ti cng lm c im cao.
- Bi kim tra c cho bt k th no, th g lp trng ca ti cng lm c im
cao.
- Bi kim tra c cho bt c ni u, th g lp trng ca ti cng lm c im
cao.

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Xem ra cu no thy cng hp l ht, nht l B v C . Rt cuc em no hn chn B th
ng cn xui th chn C : trt lt
Ti sao B ng th xem bi vit sau y nh:
Cu trc cn nh :ch hi + ever
y l cu trc m dch sang ting Vit c ngha l " cho d ....th no i na, th ..." .
Cu trc ny c th i vi N hoc ng mt mnh, c th lm ch t, tc t, hoc
trng t.
Whatever/ whichever th c th i vi N hoc mt mnh.
However th c th i vi tnh t/trng t hoc mt mnh.
Whenever/wherever/whoever th ch c th ng mt mnh
V d:
c food you eat, you can't gain weight. ( cho d bn n thc phm g bn cng khng
mp ln ni u) => i vi danh t (food), lm tc t.
Whatever food are served, I don't want to eat. ( cho d mn g c em ra, ti cng
khng mun n) => i vi danh t (food), lm ch t.
Whatever you eat, you can't gain weight. ( cho d bn n g bn cng khng mp ln
ni u)
=> ng mt mnh, lm tc t.
Wherever you go, I will follow you. ( cho d anh i u, em cng i theo- hay dch
theo kiu "bnh dn" l : ng u ti ) => trng t ch ni chn.
However tall he is, he can't reach the ceiling. ( cho d anh ta cao c no, anh ta cng
khng th no vi ti trn nh)
Ni thm mt iu l cu trc ny c th dng no matter vit li bng cng thc sau
y m khng thay i ngha :
Whenever = No matter when
Whatever = No matter what
However = No matter how
Wherever = No matter where
Whoever = No matter who
Tr li bi, theo nh nhng g hc th khng c cu no sai vn phm, m v
ngha th cng khng c g sai lun ! vy ti sao p n li ch chn c 1 ? y li l
chuyn lin quan n cu trc ng php khc. Trong 4 chn la trn ch
c Whatever l c th i vi danh t, cn 3 ci kia v l trng t nn khng th i vi
danh t. Nh vy nu chn 3 ci th ch t test l ring bit => sai vn phm do
bi test l danh t m c, s t m li ng 1 mnh khng c mo t, hay ch nh
t g c !
Ga s cu c the trc test th p n s l C :
However the test was given, .... ( cho d bi kim tra c ra nh th no chng na
....)
35)He would not tell us where the money was hidden.
A. He didn't use to tell us where the money was hidden.
B. Where the money was hidden usedn't to be told by him.

Vo tailieuthi.net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

C. He refused to tell us where the money was hidden.
D. He usedn't to tell us where the money was hidden.
- would not + Vo = refused + to Vo (t chi lm iu g, trong qu kh)
- Cu A, B, v D c u ng ng php, nhng khng hp ng ngha.
Cu trc cn nh : Phn bit would - used to
- Mnh ghi ch thm v cch dng ca used to v would hen:
+ used to = would khi din t thi quen trong qu kh (past habits)
e.g. When I was in Vietnam, I used to / would swim in the morning.
(used to / would swim : hnh ng - action)
+ used to, ch khng phi would, c dng khi din t trng thi (state) ln hnh
ng.
e.g. He used to be slimmer than his brother. (y l trng thi, khng dng would be
slimmer c)
- V ng t used to:
+ C th xem l ng t thng: (thng dng)
Ph nh: did not (didn't) use to (mn ng t tr did nh th qu kh n
gin, use to dng nguyn mu).
Nghi vn: Did + S + use to ...? (mn ng t tr did t u cu, sau ch t dng
nguyn mu use to)
+ C th xem l ng t c bit: (trang trng, vn vit)
Ph nh: used not (usedn't) to
Nghi vn: Used + S + to ...?
Nhng iu lu :
Khi gp would not v used to th phi xem xt would c ng ngha vi used to
khng hay l would not mang ngha refuse
36 ) There is _____ as equality: there always should be someone on top.
A. no such a thing
B. such a thing
C. no such thing
D. such nothing
Cu trc cn nh : mt cch dng t bit ca SUCH
- Thng thng, chng ta c cu trc such: such (+ a/an) (+ adv.) (+ adj.) + Noun
- Tuy nhin, cu ny, tuy thing l mt danh t m c, nhng ta khng
ni: (no) such a thing v sau ch trng cn c ch as.
Cu trc: there is no such thing as(khng c ci gi l ...)
- Dch: Khng c ci gi l bnh ng. Lun lun phi c mt ngi no b trn.
Nhng iu lu :
Khi gp cc cu trc co SUCH cn ch cc dng cng thc ca n : nu
c THAT pha sau th dng : such (+ a/an) (+ adj.) + Noun that + mnh

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Cn thy c as pha sau th ch theo cng thc trn
37 ) His charm _____. What a pity!
A. is not working
B. is to work
C. does not work
D. A and C are correct Cu ny nu khng bit phn bit th s d lm nhm cu D
Cu trc cn nh : phn bit : isn't working v doesn't work.
- is not working: khi ni v my mc hng hc khng hot ng.
e.g. My computer isn't working. What's wrong with it? - Have you plugged it in?
- does not work: khi ni mt k hoch (plan), mt mnh kho, mu mo (trick), mt
ba php khng c hiu qu hay khng hiu nghim.
- Ch t cu cho l his charm (Ci ba ch ca hn), vy ta dng mu does not
work.
- Dch: Ci ba ch ca hn khng linh nghim. Thit tic qu!
38 ) The theory he stuck.......true
A. to prove
B. proved
C. to proved
D. to proving
Cu ny mi nhn v rt d chn B hc A v 2 ci kia l to + p.p v to + Ving, nhng
nhiu kh nng cc th sinh s chn A v thy 2 ng t cch nhau bng to l hp l
. Nhng thi i hc li lm "by" ch nu khng th u ht cn g ? Cng xem
trong y c g m "gh" th:
Mt trong nhng dng ra nhm"by" th sinh l o ln v tr ng t trong
cu, lm cho cc cu trc "k qui" ng k nhau. Nu th sinh no khng vng kin
thc th s loi ngay nhng chn la "k qui" , th l dnh by ! Mt trong nhng
cch o ln v tr thng thng nht l dng mnh quan h. Ci "c" ca mnh
quan h l n c th sinh ra nhng cu trc "k qui" nh : to + ct 2 , ct 2 + ct 2,
ct 2 + hin ti ....
Hy xem th vi v d nh:
The book I have lost is now on the table. ( p.p + hin ti)
The man you met was wearing a hat. ( ct 2 + ct 2 )
The radio you are listening to was bought by me yesterday. ( to + ct 2 )
(T en c c cu)
Mi nghe my ci cu trc "k qui" chc cc em khng tin, nhng xem v d,
hiu cng thc th chc cc em cng thy n bnh thng ch khng c g gh gm
ch ? theo kinh nghim th ti thy ci cu trc to + Ving/ ct 2/ ct 3 l "gh" nht v
n i ngc li mi qui lut thng thng. i vi trng hp ny cc em lu xem
trc to l ng t no? c thng i vi to hay khng? v chng qua ch to l

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gii t ca ng t pha trc m thi ( nh v d trn, listen i vi to )
Tr li cu cho, lm c cu ny cc em phi xc nh c y l cu c xen
vo mnh quan h, t xc c ng t chnh l ( prove) m ng t chnh th
phi chia th ch khng th no thm ing c => loi D ( to proving) , ch t s t
nn khng th no khng thm s c => loi A ( to pvove) .Cn li 2 chn la, vn
l gii quyt ci ch "to". Mun bit c to hay khng th cc em xem ng
t stuck c i vi to hay khng? Kh ch, a s cc em u khng bit rng stick c
th i vi to to thnh mt ngha khc vi ngha thng thng l " dn, dnh, m,
chc, mc kt..)
The theory he stuck.......true
A. to prove
B. proved
C. to proved
D. to proving
Cu trc cn nh : Stick to
Stick to sth : kin tr, bm vo, trung thnh vi .....
The theory he stuck to proved true. ( hc thuyt m anh ta kin tr theo ui chng
t l ng)
Cu ny tch ra s thnh:
He stuck to the theory. The theory proved true.
39 ) VI NGUYN TC C BN CN NH
Cho cc em,
Ngy thi cng gn k ri, hm nay thy tm tt li mt vi nguyn tc c bn m
trong thi ngi ta hay cho. Cc em ch k xem cho k, v cc nguyn tc ny
khng ch gip ch cho cc em trong cc cu trc nghim v in ch trng m cn
trong cc cu vit li, hoc trong qu trnh lm cc bi c hiu na, ni chung l " b
th" ht
NGUYN TC 1: hai cu khng ni nhau bng du phy.
Nguyn tc ny nu ai bit ri th thy bnh thng nhng ai cha bit th cng thy
rt l kh hiu. Ni chung i vi nguyn tc ny cc em c hiu theo ni dung c th
l : nu cc em thy 2 cu ni nhau bng du phy th l sai vn phm, vy thi
V d:
It is raining. => 1 cu ring l, khng c g sai.
It is raining. I can't go to school. => 2 cu cch nhau bng du chm => khng c g
sai.
It is raining, I can't go to school. => 2 cu cch nhau bng du phy => sai vn phm.
Lu l nu c lin t ni 2 cu th khi c php dng du phy.
Because it is raining, I can't go to school. => 2 cu cch nhau bng du phy nhng c
lin t because nn khng c g sai.
It is raining, so I can't go to school. => 2 cu cch nhau bng du phy nhng c lin
t so nn khng c g sai.

Vo tailieuthi.net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

Bit c nguyn tc ny s gii c cc bi tp dng no ?
- Dng in vo ch trng.
Hnh thc hay gp nh sau:
___________, cu
ng thi ngi ta cho 4 p n, c th bao gm : 1 cu hon chnh, 1 cm t, 1 lin
t i vi cu ( trong trng hp nay ngi ta khng gi l cu m ku l mnh
nhng khi ln xn do nhiu em cn cha phn bit gia cu v mnh nn ta c
thng nht gi l cu cho d hiu)
Cch lm l ta lic qua thy p n no c 1 cu hon chnh th loi ngay, cn li 1
cm t hoc c lin t th hp vn phm nn ta s xem xt v ngha.
V d:
__________, a brick fell on his head.
A. Turning the corner
B. Having turned the corner
C. When he turned the corner
D. He turned the corner
Nhn s qua ta loi ngay p n D v l 1 cu hon chnh, cn A,B l cm t, C l
cu c lin t (when) nn tt c u hp vn phm. quyt nh chn p n no v
ti sao cc p p kia sai th cc em ch n nguyn tc th 2 nh.
40 ) NGUYN TC 2: Cm Ving/p.p c ch t ging cu sau.
Nguyn tc ny tuy n gin nhng nhiu em cng cha nm vng hoc c bit
nhng li khng bit cch vn dng vo vic gii bi tp.
Gii thch:
Ni dung ca nguyn tc ny mun ni l : khi cc em gp mt cm t bt u
l Ving hoc P.P v pha sau c mt cu y th cc em phi t hiu l ch t
ca Ving v P.P cng chnh l ch t ca cu pha sau.
V d:
Seeing the dog, I ran away.
ng t seeing khng c ch t nhng ta phi t hiu ngm l ch t ca n cng l
ch t cu sau =I
Dng bi tp p dng nguyn tc ny nhiu nht l vit li cu ng ngha.
V d:
When I picked up my book, I found that the cover had been torn.
A. Picking up the book, the cover had been torn.
B. On picking up the book, I saw that the cover had been torn.
C. The cover had been torn when my book picked up.
D. Picked up, the book was torn.
p dng th nguyn tc trn xem sao nh:
Cu A c Ving u cu v ch t cu sau l the cover, tc l ta phi t hiu l ch t
ca picking cng l the cover => the cover picked.... trong khi cu cho l : I
picked....=> sai ngha => loi

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Cu B c gii t on trc Ving th cng tng ng vi Ving ( hoc c cc ch
nh when, before, because of ... th cng tng ng Ving ) , pha sau c ch t I =>
ng vi nguyn tc ny.
Cu D c picked ( p.p) mang ngha b ng v ch t pha sau l the cover nn c th
vit li : the cover was picked ...=> hp ngha vi cu => ng vi nguyn tc ny.
Nh vy p dng nguyn tc ny ta loi c 1 cu cn 3 cu th da vo ngha
gii quyt
Tr li v v nguyn tc 1:
V d:
__________, a brick fell on his head.
A. Turning the corner
B. Having turned the corner
C. When he turned the corner
D. He turned the corner
Ta dng nguyn tc 1 loi c cu D ri, tip tc a cu A v B vo tm
ngm v u c Ving u cu.
Ch t cu sau l : a brick ( 1 cc gch) cng s c hiu ngm l ch t ca hnh
ng turn => tc l ta c th vit li l : a brick turn the corn = 1 cc gch ..quo cua !
cc gch m bit i, bit quo ! => sai v ngha => loi c A v B , cn li C cng
chnh l p n
41 ) NGUYN TC 3 : Khng c ch t, khng chia th
Nguyn tc ny cc k quan trng trong ting Anh. Ngi Vit khi hc ting Anh d
b sai li ny nht ( c l do trong ting vit ng t khng chia th nn h khng c
khi nim v vn ny)
Gii thch:
Nguyn tc ny ni l khi c ch t th ng t ca ch t mi c chia th, cn
khng th ng t ch mang dng ( bao gm : ng t nguyn mu c to/ khng to ,
thm ing v p.p ) . C 2 iu cn bit thm trong nguyn tc ny m cc em cn phi
nh :
- Mt ch t ch cho php 1 ng t chia th m thi ( tr trng hp ch t
hiu ngm sau du phy v lin t and)
- Mt ch mt khi l tc t cho mt ng t ri th khng th lm ch t cho
mt ng t khc c na.
V d:
I (want) (tell) you about a man who (live) in a house (build) in 1900.
No chng ta cng p dng nguyn tc ny xem xt chia cc ng t trn nh:
I (want) .
Nhn pha trc ch want c I l ch t nn n c php chia th ( y ta chia th
hin ti n)
I want ..
I want (tell) .

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Nhn pha trc ch tell c want l ng t nn n khng c php chia th ( y
ta chia to inf)
I want to tell ..
I want to tell you about a man who (live) .
Nhn pha trc ch live c who l i t quan h lm ch t nn n c php chia
th ( y ta chia th hin ti n)
I want to tell you about a man who lives..
I want to tell you about a man who lives in a house (build).
Nhn pha trc ch build c house l danh t trong cm trng t ch ni chn khng
th lm ch t nn build khng c php chia th ( y ta chia dng p.p. v mang
ngha b ng)
I want to tell you about a man who lives in a house built in 1990.
V d:
Pioneers, _________ in isolated areas of the United States, were almost totally selfsufficient.
A. who living
B. living
C. lived
D. that lived
Ta thy trong cu c ng t chia th were, nh vy ch t ca n l pioneers, cn
phn trong 2 du phy l ring bit, khng c n theo ch t ca ngi ta.
Xt:
A. who living
C ch t (who) m khng chu chia th m thm ing => loi
B. living
Khng c ch t nn thm ing => ng vn phm =>
C. lived
Khng c ch t m chia th qu kh => loi ( nu xem n l p.p cng khng c v
ng t live khng th dng b ng)
D. that lived
C ch t (that), chia th l ng nu xt theo nguyn tc 3 nhng xt v i t quan
h th khng c v that khng ng sau du phy => loi
Rt cuc li ch cn cu B l ng
42) NGUYN TC 4 : Khc th b !
Nguyn tc ny nghe hi k qui phi khng cc em? Thy cng xin ni r trc l
nguyn tc ny ch p dng khi cc em vn dng kin thc m vn khng lm c,
hoc c th lm c nhng phi mt th gi suy ngh trong khi thi gian sp ht.
Gii thch:
Nguyn tc ny ni l khi xem xt cc p n t ngoi vo nu thy c 1 p n no

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khc vi a s cn li th ta loi p n ngay.
Cch thc p dng:
Khi lm bi (nht l gp cc cu di, phc tp) ta hy xem xt ng thi mt lc 4
chn la, t ngoi vo trong, nu thy chn la no khc vi 3 ci kia th ta loi ngay
ri xt tip cc on tip theo nu c 1 chn la khc vi 2 ci kia th loi tip. Cui
cng ch cnn li 2 chn la th ta xem coi chng khc nhau ch no m xoy vo ch
khc nhau suy lun ng sai, nu khng suy lun c th chn i 1 trong 2
V d1:
A.
She has to.
B. She has to.
C. She had to
D. She has to
Thy cu C khc 3 cu kia nn loi, sau xem tip:
A. She has to have it taken.
B. She has to have it taken .
C. She had to
D. She has to have it to take
Thy cu D khc 3 cu kia nn loi, sau xem tip 2 cu cn li khc nhau ch no
m i chiu vi cu tm ra cu ng.
V d2: ( trch : n luyn kin thc theo cu trc thi nm 2009, cu 78 trang 6 )
I/have/stay/uplate/lastnight/learn/lessons.
A. I had had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
B. I had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
C. I had to stayed up late last night to learn my lessons.
D. I have had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
Xem xt t ngoi vo ta thy A v D khc trong khi B, C ging nhau nn loi A,D
A. I had had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
B. I had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
C. I had to stayed up late last night to learn my lessons.
D. I have had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
Khi cn li B,C ta xt tip th loi cu C v sau had to m dng ng t them ed , cn
li p n l B
Cu 77 trang 76:
They /prefer/classical music/pop music.
A. They prefer classical music than pop music.
B. They prefer classical music to pop music.
C. They prefer to classical music than pop music.
D. They would prefer classical music than pop music.
Cu C v D khc => loi, cn A v B th xt tip thy khc nhau ch TO v THAN ,
nu bit c cu trc : prefer i vi TO th ta chn cn nu khng bit th m ba la

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chn i 1 trong 2 cu, xc xut 50-50
Nhc li l cc em ch nn p dng nguyn tc ny trong 2 trng hp sau y : v
nguyn tc ny khng phi lc no cng ng)
-Khng kp gi
-Khng hiu g v cu .
43 ) Cu iu kin
- Ch cc dng cu iu kin n:
3)Dng vit li cu i t cu c without sang dng if :
Dng if. not., bn kia gi nguyn ( ty theo ngha m c cu c th)
V d:
Without your help, I wouldnt pass the exam. ( khng c s gip ca bn , )
If you didnt help, I wouldnt pass the exam. ( nu bn khng gip, )
Without water, we would die. ( khng c nc, )
If there were no water, we would die. ( nu khng c nc,.. )
4)Dng vit li cu i t cu c Or, otherwisesang dng if :
Dng ny thng c cu trc l cu mnh lnh + or, otherwise + S will
Cch lm nh sau:
If you dont ( vit li, b or, otherwise )
V d:
Hurry up, or you will be late. ( nhanh ln, nu khng bn s tr)
If you dont hurry, you will be late. ( nu bn khng nhanh ln, bn s tr)
5)Dng vit li cu i t cu c But forsang dng if :
Dng : if it wasnt for th cho but for, phn cn li gi nguyn
V d:
But for your help, I would die.
If it wasnt for your help, I would die.
Cc dng cu iu kin m ch:
Provided (that), providing (that) ( min l ) = if
In case = phng khi
- Ch cu iu kin loi zero v loi 4:
Loi zero l loi c cng thc dng hin ti n c 2 v. Loi ny dng din t
mt chn l
Loi 4 l loi hn hp, thng thng l bn if loi 3 , bn kia loi 2. Cch dng :
khi bn if xy ra qu kh v a n kt qu hin ti. V d nh : " nu hm
qua ti c i hc th hm nay u c b im km nh vy"
V d:
Just think, if I ______ that job with the export company, I ________ in Sao Paulo
now, not in Manchester.
A. had taken / would lived
B. had taken / would have lived

Vo tailieuthi.net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

C. took / would lived
D. took / would have lived
Cu ny, nu khng phng cc dng mixed, cc em s d chn loi 2 hoc loi 3,
nhng tht ra p n l loi 4 : Cu A
Cch nhn dng loi ny l cc em ch now bn mnh khng c if
Just think, if I ______ that job with the export company, I ________ in Sao Paulo
now, not in Manchester.
A. had taken / would lived
B. had taken / would have lived
C. took / would lived
D. took / would have lived
- Ch cc dng o ng ca cu iu kin:
Cc dng o ng l em should (loi 1), were (loi 2) v had (loi 3) ra u cu th
cho if
- Ch cc dng vit ngc ca cu iu kin:
Cc th sinh thng c thi quen lm bi tp bin i t cu thng sang cu iu
kin hoc t cu iu kin sang cu iu kin dng khc. Bit c tm l ny, cc
nh son hay "lm kh" cc th sinh bng cch cho ngc li, tc l t cu iu
kin bin ngc li thnh cu thng. Dng ny ng ra khng kh nhng v khng
quen lm nn cc em s b sai.
V d:
If he had had a map, he would not have got lost.
A. Had he had a map, he would not get lost
B. Not having a map, he got lost.
C.If he didn't have a map, he would got lost.
D. If he had amap, he would not get lost.
Khi gp cu ny cc em t ch cu khng c if ( thm ch cn loi n u tin na)
nhng tht ra y l cu i ngc. Mun lm cu i ngc cc em ch y l cu
thc t nn phi ngc li cu v phi "tng th" ln.
A. Had he had a map, he would not get lost
B. Not having a map, he got lost.
C.If he didn't have a map, he would got lost.
D. If he had amap, he would not get lost.
44) ____________ and you will succeed.
A. Should you work hard
B. By working hard
C. Work hard
D. If only you work hard
Cu ny nu khng nm vng cc em s d chn cu B v D. a s nhng em chn
cu B l v dch ngha "thy n" ( Bng cch lm vic chm ch v bn s thnh cng).

Vo tailieuthi.net ti nhiu ti liu cc cht n thi i hc THPTQG

Tuy nhin v mt vn phm th li sai, v y l mt cm t nn khng th kt ni vi
mnh bng ch and c m phi l du phy.
Cu D cng l mt ci by, nu khng hiu ngha ca if only cc em s dch l " nu
ch khi no bn lm vic chm ch v bn s thnh cng" . Trong khi thc t if
only li khng lin quan g n cu iu kin if c.
If only = I wish ( ti c g ) v mnh i sau phi chia qu kh gi nh ( worked) .
Nh vy l cu D cng sai lun.
Cu A th c should u cu, nu em no bit cng thc o ng cu iu kin th bit
: should you ...= If you should ...Rc ri ch khi y dch ra th nghe cng c l !
Tht ra tm ra li sai cu ny cng khng kh: Trong cu iu kin, 2 mnh
khng ni nhau bng ch and.
Xem v d:
If I have a lot of money and I will buy a car ( sai)
If I have a lot of money, I will buy a car ( ng)
Cui cng th cu C ng, trong bi ny thy mun nhc cc em v dng cu iu
kin n c cng thc: cu mnh lnh and S + will .......
Kinh nghim lm bi:
Thi quen lm bi ca cc th sinh l hay dch ngha m t ch trng n vn
phm nn a n tnh trng thy cu no cng thy c c. Cch khc phc
l phi bit vn dng nhng nguyn tc vn phm nhanh chng loi nhng
cu sai.
Cu trc cn nh:
- If only = I wish i vi qu kh gi nh
V d:
If only ( I wish) I could meet him now.
- Khng dng and ni 2 mnh trong cu iu kin.
- Cm t u cu khng c ni vi cu sau bng and m phi l du phy.
V d:
Seeing the dog and I ran away ( sai)
Seeing the dog, I ran away ( ng )
By speaking English 2 hours a day and you can improve your English ( sai)
By speaking English 2 hours a day, you can improve your English ( ng)
- Cu iu kin n: cu mnh lnh + and + S + Will / can
V d:
Join us and you will have a lot of fun.
Finish you homework and you can go out.
Chc cc em hc tt.
45 ) The music was so loud that we couldn't hear what you said.
a. You didn't say loud enough for us to hear.
b. Becaude of the loud music, we couldn't hear you.
c. The music was too loud for us to hear.

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d. The music was too loud that we couldn't hear you.
Cu ny rt nhiu th sinh s chn cu C v ngh rng y l mu so ...that...chuyn
qua mu to....too..., m thc ra th kiu bin i ny cng thng rt hay gp. Nhng
y ngi ra li cho ra mt "chiu" cc him nh vo thi quen lm theo "
nhng iu thng gp" ca cc th sinh.
Ch "him" ca cu C ny l mi nhn vo khng thy ch no sai vn phm c,
nhng t ai ch v ngha ca n. Khi dng cu trc ny ngi ta lc b i tc
t it pha sau v mc nhin hiu tc t ca hear cng chnh l ch t music. Nh vy
cu s mang ngha l " nhc qu ln n ni chng ti khng th no nghe n c "
trt lt ! ln th cng d nghe ch sao? m cu th ni l nhc ln qu nn khng
nghe bn ni => sai ngha .Cu a th khng nhc g n music, cu D th dng cu
trc sai ( too khng i vi that ) . Cui cng th ch c cu B l ng.
Kinh nghim cn nh:
Khi lm bi gp cc cu trc "quen quen" th cng ng ch quan m nn xt
k mt cht. nhiu th sinh khng phi b im km v thiu kin thc m v
thiu "kinh nghim chin trng" nn b sp by.
46 ) Exposure to pollution can cause many serious illnesses ______ to death. A.
that leading
B. which led
C. led
D. leading
Vn ca cu ny tuy khng mi nhng vn lm nhiu em lng tng v nm khng
vng cc s bin ha ca mnh quan h v rt gn ca n. Tm l ca cc em l u
tin i t quan h, cn khi no "kt" lm mi xem xt ti rt gn, nht l trong tnh
hnh" du si la bng" khi m thi gian ang "ui" theo cc em tng giy tng
pht.
T suy ngh , cc em d dng chn B v thy khng c g sai: c i t quan h, ch
ng. Vy ci "by" y l g ?
Ngi ra c l thy cc "by" ca h v cu trc qu "nhm" vi cc th sinh
thng xuyn tp luyn nn i "chiu" : gi by v cch chia th ! Tht ra nu ni
bit "mnh " ny th cc em d dng vt qua v n u kh. Tuy nhin vn l mi
nhn v ta nhn ra ngay l cu trc i t quan h v cc dng rt gn ca n. Chnh
s nhn nh ban u lm cho cc em khng ch ti vn khc. Nu c thi
gian, cc em c th s thy l p n D cng ng v l dng rt gn ca mnh
quan h. Lc ny cc em s t hi: " a, sao c 2 p n ng? " Th l lng tng
thm, m hi li v ra . Khng sao, nu cc em c qua bi ny th c bnh tnh m
xem xt nh: xem li th ca ng t trong mnh quan h ( led) , n l qu kh, ch
cn nhn ra u th thy ngay ch can => nghch nhau ri, vy th nhanh chng loi
ngay cu B nh.
Cc em xem thm vi cu by kiu ny nh:
Thousands of people _______ along the roads watched the bicycle racing.

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A. to stand
B. that stand
C. standing
D. stood
They buried thousands of fish_____ by poisonous chemicals from a nearby
factory.
A. to kill
B. killing
C. which are killed
D. killed
Cc em t phn tch v lm quen vi kiu ny nh
47 ) By th nht v cu iu kin ( s tht v d on qu kh)
If, as the chairman has said, the other three candidates _____ men with
references from very serious banks, the girl who eventually got the job must
have been very bright, indeed.
A. were
B. are
C. had been
D. will be
Cu ny mi nhn v cng c th thy l cu iu kin, m li chia sn mt bn cho
mnh na ch! cho qu kh hon thnh, vy l loi 3 ch cn g na, chn ngay
cu C ( i hc m cho d qu . Nu nh vy th cu ny khng c mt y u
phi khng cc em?
Cu p n ng l A. Cc em c th thc mc y l cu iu kin loi my m k
vy ? Nu mun hc vng vng v cu iu kin th cc em khng hc theo cng thc
mt cch my mc c. Mt khi hiu bn cht ca n th cc em c theo m
xt tng v mt, ch khng phi thy bn y l loi 1/2/3 th bn kia phi loi 1/2/3
theo.
Nguyn tc mu cht ca cu iu kin l :
C tht th chia ng th, khng c tht th gim th
Tr li cu nh: If, as the chairman has said, the other three candidates _____
men with references from very serious bank = Theo nh ng ch tch ni th nu
3 ng vin kia l nhng ngi c cc ngn hng uy tn gii thiu, th ...
Nh vy vic 3 ngi c cc ngn hng uy tn gii thiu l s tht trong qu kh
nn gi nguyn th qu kh ch khng gim thnh qu kh hon thnh. Lc ny mnh
cn li mang ngha d on trong qu kh : ....., th c gi cui cng nhn c
vic lm chc hn l ngi thng minh sng d.
Kinh nhim cn nh:
Nu chn ban D th cc em khng th hc theo kiu cng thc mt cch my mc
c. Hc phi hc theo bn cht vn .

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Cu trc cn nh :
Khi lm cu iu kin phi xem xt tng v v theo nguyn tc : C tht th chia
ng th, khng c tht th gim th
48 ) By th hai v cu iu kin ( s tht qu kh v tng lai )
I didn't see it myself, but of course, if he______ so rude to Anna, he will have to
apologise to her next time she's here. That's all I can say.
A. were
B. would be
C. was
D. is
Cu ny nu lm theo logic bnh thng th rt d chn D, v thy bn mnh kia
c will . Nu xme xt k hn cc em s thy ch trng m ch s vic qu kh (
ti khng chnh mt thy vic nhng d nhin nu anh ta th l vi Anna ..) s vic
"th l" ny da vo ng t didn't see m c th suy ra chng xy ra ng thi. T
suy lun ny cc th sinh c th chn p n A ( were ) . Tuy nhin p n li
l C (was) . Sao li chn was s t trong khi cu iu kin ng ra phi dng were ?
y chnh l ci by m ngi ta d cc em vo . S thc v ny khng phi l cu
iu kin khng c tht trong qu kh m l " c tht trong qu kh" ( nu khng c
tht trong qu kh th dng qu kh hon thnh ri nh ) , m c tht th c chia
theo th bnh thng, qu kh n bnh thng( was) ch khng dng qu kh gi
nh ( were)
Cu trc cn nh :
S vic c tht trong qu kh th dng qu kh n, ch khng dng qu kh
gi nh
Ai hc cu ch ri coi chng by ny !
49 ) ____ gave me that picture book.
A. Mary
B. It was Mary
C. It was Mary whom
D. It was Mary whose
Mi u thy khng nh a cu ny ln y nhng khi cho cc em hc sinh lm bi,
c h gp cu ny l 10 em th ht 9 em lm sai ! cho nn cui cng thy quyt nh
a ln y cc em bit ci by nm u m trnh.
a s cc em u l lun "trn tru" nh vy:
Nhn thong qua thy u cu c it gia cu c that th bit ngay l cu ch nn loi
cu A , cu C loi v whom ng k ng t , D loi v pha sau whose khng c
danh t. Cui cng cn li B => ng cng thc cu ch : it ....that ... lun !
ng l l lun ca mt ngi hc qua cu ch, v cn rnh v i t quan h na
mi "gh" ch !
Cui cng ci "l lun" ca a s ny trt lt ht, cn s t lm ng cu tng u
"dn xn" ha ra l nhng em chng nh g v cu ch c m ch l lun l : thy ng

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tgave cha c ch t nn chn Mary ( cu A) lm ch t cho n.
Khng bit dng cm t " ch ngp phi rui" hay " hay khng bn hn" m ch
trng hp ny nhng c mt iu r rng l: nm kin thc nhng khng n ni
n chn, li "khinh ch" th cht nh chi.
Vy cui cng ci "by" nm ch no? ngay ch THAT y thi. That c nhiu cch
dng, ngay t lp 6 cc em c hc v ch ny vi ngha " kia", ""
That is my hat ( kia l ci nn ca ti) => khng c danh t pha sau
That hat is mine ( ci nn l ca ti) => c danh t pha sau
Trong bi ny, that picture book = quyn sch c hnh kia
Vy l r, that trong y khng lin quan g n cu ch c, cu cho rt, rt bnh
thng : ng t gave thiu ch t nn chn Mary lm ch t cho n, vy thi. ( p
n A )
Kinh nhim cn nh:
Khi hc ci g cng nn hc n ni n chn, khi lm bi coi chng nhng ci by
rt n s nhng nguy him do c ngh n l ci g cao siu.
53 )
- .......................................
- Mustn't grumble.
A. Stop eating the cake
B. How've you been?
C. Well, I'm afraid I have to be going
D. What a nice day it is!
Thy trong thi t ti va qua phn giao tip hi "b" nhiu nn thy chuyn
qua phn ny nh.
Cu trn qu tht chng d n cht no phi khng cc em? . Ngay t grumble
khng d g hiu ngha th lm sao m bit chn cu no . M nu c bit
ngha i na ( cu nhu, lm bm) th li gp phi ci by th 2 l trong tnh
hung giao tip ny th phi chn cu no? a s s chn cu A v dch theo
ngha thng thng.
- Ngng n bnh ngay.
- Khng c cu nhu
ni ngi n ang n bnh th ngi kia ku ngng li, nn ngi bc
mnh ni l ng c cu nhu, ch ngi ta n . M chc cc em cng cng nhn
l dch tnh hung nh vy thy n "sao sao" y phi khng? Vy th mu cht
vn u? Ni vng vo khng qua ni thng : trong bi ny thy mun cc
em bit n mt cu giao tip c bit m nu khng bit qua s khng bao gi
ngh ti. l cu : Mustn't grumble.
Cu ny dng p li li hi thm sc khe ! bt ng qu phi khng ? Ngi
Anh dng Mustn't grumble; cn ngi M dng "Can't complain". C 2 u
kh thng dng cho mi ni.
"Mustn't grumble" v "Can't complain" ngha en l "Khng th cu nhu" v

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"Khng th phn nn"; tc l "i ti by gi rt d chu, ti khng c g phi
than th".
Vy th cn chn ch g na m khng chn ngay p n B
Kinh nhim cn nh:
Lm bi giao tip cng nn ch cc cm c ng chuyn bit
Cu trc cn nh :
"Mustn't grumble" v "Can't complain" ngha en l "Khng th cu nhu" v
"Khng th phn nn"; tc l "i ti by gi rt d chu, ti khng c g phi
than th" dng tr li cho cu hi thm sc khe.
54 ) _______her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her
A. given B. possessing C.giving D.considered
Cu ny c ci by "cc him" vi nhng th sinh khng nm kin thc v ch ny.
Mi nhn vo s d dng b nh lc hng bi cc p n u l cc dng phn t
nn cc th sinh s ngh rng y l rt gn ca mnh . M nguyn tc rt gn mnh
l hai ch t phi ging nhau nn khi s c xu hng tm p n no hp vi
ch t . Kh nng chn cu B l cao v dch ngha thy "hp" ( s hu nim yu thch
tr con nn ngh dy hc dng nh l ngh thch hp vi c y) nhng xt k cng
thy "sng sng" ch ch her nhng d sao cng hn my cu kia !
Rt cuc p n li l A ( given). Ci ch "lng nhch" nht li ha ra ng nht y l
g ? xa nay hu ht chng ta u ngh rng y l qu kh phn t ca ng t give,
iu khng sai nhng n cn mt ngha khc na, l khi n lm gii t s mang
ngha :considering a particular thing ( xem xt v)
Nh vy cu trn s dch l : xem xt v nim yu thch tr con ca c y th ngh dy
hc dng nh l ngh thch hp vi c y
55 )
Turn off all switches before leaving the room.
a. a. All switches must be turned off before leaving the room.
b. b. All switches must turn off before leaving the room.
c. c. All switches are turned off before leaving the room.
d. d. All switches must be turned off before you leave the room.
Cu ny nhn v khng t th sinh nhn nh d qu v khng ngn ngi chn ngay
cu a v kt qu l sai ! vy iu b him nm u trong khi cu a thy r l
ng mi mi m ?
y l ci by thng hay ra i vi cu b ng, li dng cc th sinh c tm l l khi
gp cu trc no th ch ch trng n cu trc thi m qun rng ngi ra
thng hay kt hp vi cu trc khc trong .
Cu ny cc em thy l cu c cm Ving pha sau, v ci by cng nm ti y.
Nh chng ta bit l dng cm t rt gn Ving ch khi no ch t 2 mnh l
mt, Nh vy khi ta i t ch ng sang b ng th ch t b thay i nn nu

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pha sau vn gi Ving th sai ngha ngay.
Cu cc em thy l cu mnh lnh nn ch t hiu ngm l YOU, nn ta hiu ngm
YOU cng l ch t ca leaving , khi i sang b ng ch t l switches nn nu vn
leaving th ha ra ci switches n LEAVE ? lc ny bt buc phi vit r ch t
ra : you leave ( p n d )
Kinh nghim cn nh :
Vy l r, mai mt i thi m gp cu b ng c cm Ving th cc em ch nh
56 ) I _____ th book now, so you can borrow it if you like.
a. Finish
b. Am finishing
c. Am finished
d. Have finish
Cu ny tuy n gin nhng cng khng t th sinh lm sai. Chnh thi quen chia th
ch da vo du hiu hi cc em. Nh l mt phn x, c gp since, for, just l
dng hin ti hon thnh, gp usually l dng hin ti n, gp now l dng hin ti
tip din !
Mun chia th ng cc em phi bit cch chia th theo ng cnh, tc l d theo hnh
ng xy ra th no m dng ch khng da hon ton vo du hiu. nh rng du
hiu rt quan trng nhng ta nn xem n suy ra ng cnh ch khng phi thy du
hiu no th phi chia th no .
Tr v bi, trong cu ny c du hiu l NOW , trc nay ngi ta thng hay
ngh NOW ch mang ngha by gi t suy ra ng t phi chia hin ti tip din
hoc t ra cng l hin ti n.
Thc ta NOW cn mt ngha na l gi y, tc l chuyn xy ra ri, v trong
trng hp ny ngi ta dng th hin ti hon thnh. Cu trn s dch l gii y
tui c xong quyn sch nn nu bn thch th c mn th mn. Nh vy p n
r ri phi khng cc em?
Kinh nghim cn nh :
Gp ch NOW phi lu xem n ngha no, hin nay hay gi y m chia th cho
ng nh
57 ) As soon as we came home last night, it started to rain

A. On coming home last night, it started to rain.

B. Soon after we came home last night did it start to rain.
C. We had no sooner come home last night than it started to rain.

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D. Hardly had we come home last night when did it start to rain.
Cu ny cng gy khng t lng tng cho cc th sinh v nhn v thy cu no cng
...ng c !
Cu A : on coming = when coming nn dch l : ti qua khi v n nh , tri bt u
ma . Nghe n qu i ch ! Vy cu ny ng sao? - khng, khng ng! Ci by
nm cm Ving. Nh cc em bit, khi dng Ving th ch t ca n mc nhin
c hiu l ch t ca mnh sau ( tc l : it) , thc ra we came home ch u
phi it came home nn sai l ch
Cu B: sai u nh ? ch k cc em s thy ngi ta o ng ch did v sau, m
u c cu trc o ng g u => sai
Cu C : l cu trc no sooner ...than..
Cu D: l cu trc hardly ...when...
Hai cu trc ny ng ngha, dch l : va mi...th ....
Cu C th khng o ng, cn cu D c hardly u cu nn o ng, m ng ra o
ng 1 ln thi nhng n "tham" qu o ti 2 ln ( had cu u v did cu sau)
nn sai
p n : C
Kinh nghim cn nh :
Khi gp trng hp thy cu no cng c l ht th nn nhn thong qua cc cu xem,
n khc nhau ch no, t xoy vo ch khc nhau tm ra cu sai.