Cli Juniper

JUNOS
Command Line Interface
Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.
www.juniper.net
Agenda
Command-Line Interface
Logging-In & Editing
Interpret Output & Getting Help
CLI Configuration
Moving around Hierarchy
Modify, View, Review & Remove
Activate, Save, Load & Commit
Slide 2
Agenda

CLI Configuration
Slide 3
Overview
Universal access to router
Console
Management port, using Telnet, ssh, RADIUS, TACACS+
User authentication using login name and password
Users have individual accounts
Per-user command class permissions
Line editor with command history
Context-sensitive help
Command completion
UNIX-style pipes
Proprietary and Confidential
www.juniper.net
Overview
Configure
Object-based hierarchy
Commit changes when done
Rollback if necessary
Load/save configuration files
Monitor
show command hierarchy
Troubleshoot
Traceroute
Ping
Log and trace file monitoring
www.juniper.net
Overview
Command hierarchy
Less Specific
clear
configure
monitor
set
show
bgp chassis interfaces isis ospf route version
brief
exact
protocol
table
terse
More Specific
www.juniper.net
Log In
Router administrator configures login ID and password for each user
Example session
lab2 (ttyd0)
login: perkins
Password:
Last login: Fri Feb 18 19:23:16 on ttyd0
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California.
---JUNOS 4.0R1 built 2000-02-10 09:29:44 UTC
perkins@lab2>
www.juniper.net
Log In
Start the CLI manually

lab2 (ttyd0)
login: root
Password:
Last login: Fri Feb 18 19:23:16 on ttyd0
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California.
---JUNOS 4.0R1 built 2000-02-10 09:29:44 UTC
# cli
root@lab2> quit
# logout
lab2 (ttyd0)
login:
www.juniper.net
Log In
Special treatment for root login
Can only log in as root from console port
Must create additional user with superuser
privileges to log in via network ports
Be sure to review security implications
www.juniper.net
Edit Lines
Move the cursor

Ctrl-B
Back one character
Ctrl-F
Forward one character
Ctrl-A
To beginning of line
Ctrl-E
To end of line
Delete characters
Delete or
backspace key
Delete character before cursor
Ctrl-D
Delete character under cursor
Ctrl-K
Delete from cursor to end of line
Ctrl-U
Delete all characters
Ctrl-W
Delete entire word to left of cursor
www.juniper.net
10
Edit Lines
Other keys
Ctrl-L
Redraw the current line
Ctrl-P
Move backwards through command

history
Ctrl-N
Move forward through command

history
www.juniper.net
11
Edit Lines
Command completion saves typing
Typing entire command not necessary
Type the minimum characters required and press space or tab key
Completion example
root@lab2> sh<space>ow i<space>
'i' is ambiguous.
Possible completions:
igmp
Show information about IGMP
interfaces
Show interface information
isis
Show information about IS-IS
root@lab2> show i
www.juniper.net
12
Agenda

CLI Configuration
Slide 13
Interpret Output
Error messages
^ displayed under error
Message indicates type of error
Example
[edit]
root@lab2# load config-file<Enter>
^
syntax error, expecting merge, override, or replace.
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
14
Interpret Output
Output does not scroll off screen
CLI displays ---(more)--- prompt
Important key sequences
Space
Display next output screen
Return to previous screen
Scroll down one-half screen
Enter
Display next line of output
/string
Search for a string in output
Repeat search for string
Return to CLI prompt
Show help message for key sequences
www.juniper.net
15
Get Help
Type ? anywhere on command line
Help depends on where you are
Beginning of line
Shows help for top level of hierarchy
End of command
Shows help for next level in hierarchy
Middle of command
Shows list of matching commands at current level in
hierarchy
www.juniper.net
16
Agenda
CLI Configuration
Slide 17
Overview
CLI has separate configuration mode
You edit a copy of current configuration called the
candidate configuration
Changes you make are visible to other CLI users
Changes they make might conflict with your changes
Changes do not take effect until you commit them
When committed, candidate configuration becomes active
and a new candidate is created
www.juniper.net
18
Configure the Router: Overview
commit
Candidate
configuration
Active
configuration
0
rollback n
Rollback files stored in

/config/juniper.conf.n (n=1-3)
/var/db/config/juniper.conf.n (n=4-9)
...
www.juniper.net
19
Enter Configuration Mode
Type configure at the CLI prompt

root@lab2> configure
Entering configuration mode
[edit]
root@lab2#
Other users in configuration mode

root@lab2> configure
Entering configuration mode
Current configuration users:
diana terminal d0 on since 1999-10-14 07:11:29 UTC,
idle 00:00:49 [edit protocols ospf]
The configuration has been changed but not committed
[edit]
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
20
10,000Foot View
Move around statement hierarchy using edit
command
Like UNIX cd command
Alter configuration using set command
Activate configuration using commit command
www.juniper.net
21
Move around the Hierarchy

Configuration statements organized as a tree
Similar to UNIX/Windowsstyle directories
Less Specific
top
chassis
firewall
alarm
atm
clock
e3
interfaces
protocols
system
more
fpc
ethernet
sonet
t3
More Specific
www.juniper.net
22

Use the edit command to focus your attention on a
particular part of the hierarchy
top
chassis
firewall
alarm
atm
clock
e3
interfaces
protocols
system
more
fpc
ethernet
sonet
t3
user@host# edit chassis alarm ethernet

[edit chassis alarm ethernet]
www.juniper.net
23

Use the exit command to move back to where you just
were
exit at the top level exits configuration mode and puts
you back into operational mode
exit configuration-mode exits no matter where
you are
Use the up command to move up a level
Use the top command to move to the top of the hierarchy
www.juniper.net
24
The question mark is your friend

[edit]
root@lab2# edit ?
> chassis
Chassis configuration
> class-of-service
Class-of-service configuration
> firewall
Define a firewall configuration
> forwarding-options
Configure options to control packet sampling
> groups
Configuration groups
> interfaces
Interface configuration
> policy-options
Routing policy option configuration
> protocols
Routing protocol configuration
> routing-options
Protocol-independent routing option configuration
> snmp
Simple Network Management Protocol
> system
System parameters
[edit]
www.juniper.net
25

[edit]
root@lab2# edit chassis
[edit chassis]
root@lab2# edit ?
<[Enter]>
Execute this command
> alarm
Global alarm settings
> clock
Clock sources
> fpc
FPC card parameters
Pipe through a command
[edit chassis]
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
26

[edit chassis]
root@lab2# edit alarm
[edit chassis alarm]

root@lab2# edit ?
> atm
ATM alarms
> e3
E3 alarms
> ethernet
Ethernet alarms
> sonet
SONET alarms
> t3
DS3 alarms

root@lab2# up
[edit chassis]
root@lab2# up
[edit]
Copyrightroot@lab2#
2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.
www.juniper.net
27

[edit]
root@lab2# edit chassis alarm

root@lab2# edit sonet
[edit chassis alarm sonet]

root@lab2# exit

root@lab2# top
[edit]
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
28
Test Your Knowledge (I)

What is the result of the final command?
[edit]
root@lab2# edit protocols ospf
[edit protocols ospf]

root@lab2# edit area 0
[edit protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0]

root@lab2# exit
www.juniper.net
29
Agenda
CLI Configuration
Slide 30
Modify the Configuration

Use the set command to add or change
configuration statements
set command creates configuration
statements, or changes them if they already
exist
[edit]
root@lab2# set chassis alarm sonet lol
red
[edit]
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
31
Modify the Configuration

Optionally, move into the alarm hierarchy and save some
keystrokes
[edit]
root@lab2# edit chassis alarm sonet
root@lab2# set lol red
root@lab2# set los red
root@lab2# set pll yellow
root@lab2# up
www.juniper.net
32
View the Configuration
Use the show command to see the candidate configuration

Begins at current hierarchy level
You can specify starting level
Indented to match each hierarchy level
root@lab2# show
sonet {
lol red;
los red;
pll yellow;
}

root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
33
View the Configuration

root@lab2# top
[edit]
root@lab2# show chassis
filter-check 180;
alarm {
sonet {
lol red;
los red;
pll yellow;
}
}
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
34
Remove Statements
[edit]
root@lab2# edit chassis alarm sonet
root@lab2# delete lol
root@lab2# delete los
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
35
Remove Statements
root@lab2# up

root@lab2# show
sonet {
pll yellow;
}
[edit chassis]
root@lab2#
www.juniper.net
36
Agenda
CLI Configuration
Slide 37
Activate a Configuration
Activate configuration changes using the commit
command
[edit]
user@host# commit
commit complete
[edit]
user@host#
Checks configuration before

activating it
System never commits for you
One exception: commit confirmed
www.juniper.net
38
Activate a Configuration
Inband configuration has disadvantages
Might disrupt connectivity to router
Might disrupt inband session
Avoid disadvantages using commit confirmed
command
Activates configuration for a few minutes (default is 10
minutes)
If configuration is not confirmed, router returns to
previous configuration automatically
Confirm configuration by issuing a second commit
command
www.juniper.net
39
Back out Changes

Use the rollback command to restore one of the last
nine previously committed configurations
rollback or rollback 0 resets the candidate
configuration to the currently running configuration, which
is the last version committed.
rollback 1 loads the configuration before that
and so on
www.juniper.net
40
Commit Dual RE
When commit is entered, the system will only activates the
changes in the local RE.
Use commit sync command to make changes to
activates in both RE.
www.juniper.net
41
Save Configuration Files

Current candidate configuration from current hierarchy level
and below can be saved to ASCII file using save command
[edit]
cli# save filename
[edit]
cli#
File is saved to users home directory unless full path name

is specified
Filename can be URL or in user@host notation
www.juniper.net
42
Load a Configuration File

Configuration information can come from an ASCII
file prepared elsewhere
Use the load command to
Override an existing configuration
Merge new statements into existing
configuration
Replace existing statements in current
configuration
www.juniper.net
43
Load a Configuration File

Syntax
load (replace | merge | override)
filename
Changes candidate configuration only

You must commit to activate
Can take input from the terminal
www.juniper.net
44
Save and Load

Configuration Files
commit
Candidate
configuration
Active
configuration
0
load
save
rollback n
...
www.juniper.net
45
Configuration
Command Summary
Add and modify configuration statements

edit, set, rename, and insert commands
Display current configuration

show command
Save, validate, and activate a complete configuration

commit command
Return to previously saved configuration

rollback command
Remove configuration statements

delete command
Display other users configuring router

status command
www.juniper.net
46
CLI Commands in Configuration

Mode
You can execute CLI commands from configuration mode
[edit protocols isis]
user@host# run show isis routes
IS-IS routing table
Current version: L1: 42 L2: 42
Prefix
L Version Metric Interface
Via
192.168.1.112/30
20 so-1/1/3.0
Miami
so-5/0/0.0
Miami
so-1/1/1.0
Miami
20 so-1/1/3.0
Miami
so-5/0/0.0
Miami
so-1/1/1.0
Miami
192.168.1.116/30
42
42
[edit protocols isis]

user@host#
www.juniper.net
47
View Log Files

System keeps log files in /var/log
messages file contains running commentary

about system operation
Can be tuned to provide minimal to extensive
logging
View with
show log file-name
View in real time with

monitor start file-name
www.juniper.net
48
View Log Files

Additional logging can be turned on on a permodule basis
use traceoptions flag keywords
specify file name with
traceoptions file file-name
command
Example
[edit protocols ospf]
cli# set traceoptions flag errors
cli# set traceoptions file ospf-log
www.juniper.net
49
Hands-On Session
www.juniper.net
50
Hands-on Session 1
JUNOS CLI Familiarization
A : Commands & On-line Help
Type ?
List 6 commands on the screen
Type c?
List all show commands starting with c?
Type clear ?
List few of remaining command
B : Word Completion
Type sh<Space>ow i<Tab>
List remaining command
Type sh<Tab>terfaces
What interfaces do you see?
C : CLI Messages & Keystroke shortcuts

Type clear route
What message do you see? Why?
Type con<Space>figure
Did the prompt change? Why?
Type quit
What is the prompt now?
D : Keyboard Sequence
Type show interfaces<dont press enter>
Press Ctrl-f, Ctrl-a, Ctrl-b
Type sh route and sh sys users
Press Ctrl-p, Ctrl-n What happen
E: Command Output
Type sh inter detail
What happen whens you press space bar?
What happens when you press enter?
Slide 51

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JUNOS

Command Line Interface

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Logging-In & Editing

Interpret Output & Getting Help

Logging-In & Editing

Interpret Output & Getting Help

Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

bgp chassis interfaces isis ospf route version

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Router administrator configures login ID and password for each user

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Start the CLI manually

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Move the cursor

Back one character

Forward one character

Delete character before cursor

Delete character under cursor

Delete from cursor to end of line

Delete all characters

Delete entire word to left of cursor

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Redraw the current line

Move backwards through command

Move forward through command

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Show information about IGMP

Show interface information

Show information about IS-IS

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Logging-In & Editing

Interpret Output & Getting Help

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Display next output screen

Return to previous screen

Scroll down one-half screen

Display next line of output

Search for a string in output

Repeat search for string

Return to CLI prompt

Show help message for key sequences

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Logging-In & Editing

Interpret Output & Getting Help

Copyright 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Proprietary and Confidential

Configure the Router: Overview

Rollback files stored in